An Approach of Traffic Management System for Control of Emergency Vehicles Using IOT (Internet of Things)

Transcription

1 Volume 118 No , ISSN: (printed version); ISSN: (on-line version) url: ijpam.eu An Approach of Traffic Management System for Control of Emergency Vehicles Using IOT (Internet of Things) 1 Gauri Kalnoor, 2 Nischita Waddenkery, 3 Suhashini Shinde, 4 C. Sreenath and 5 B.V.V.N. Manikanta 1 VTU. kalnoor.gauri@gmail.com 2 M.Tech, VTU. nischita.waddenkery@gmail.com 3 VTU. su3shinde@gmail.com 4 Central University of Karnataka. kalyan.srinath@gmail.com 5 M.Tech, K L University. mani.kbv19@gmail.com Abstract This paper presents an intelligent approach of traffic control of emergency vehicles to pass between the destinations. In the introducing approach, each individual vehicle is equipped with special Global Positioning Sensor (GPS) tag, which is interconnected to a internet network/cloud, thereby it controlled by programmable Traffic Management System (TMS). By sensing the position of a considered emergency vehicle, TMS sends the input control signal to the way of emergency vehicle. The proposed system determines the network congestion, and hence keeps the green light turn-on duration for the path of vehicle as it crosses the signal pole junction areas. And also, when the emergency vehicle is approaching the signal pole junction areas, the proposed system will communicate to the traffic control controller signal unit to keep the green light on. The implementation of proposes approach is easy and cheap in cost. Key Words:Traffic control system, traffic junction, emergency vehicles, ambulance vehicle, global positioning sensor (GPS), next approaching signal (NAS), internet of things (IoT). 245

2 1. Introduction The Internet of Things (IoT) is a novel approaching application that is rapidly gaining around the world in the scenario of modern engineering applications [1]- [5]. The basic idea of IoT concept is the all-encompassing being there around us of a variety of objects or things, like, Global Positioning Sensor (GPS), sensors, mobile phones, Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) tags, actuators, etc. which, through unique addressing schemes, are capable to interact with each other and cooperate with their neighbors controlling objectives to reach predefined goals [6]-[9]. A Case Study in Bangalore City, India In September 2012, a middle-aged man collapsed on the road after suffering a heart attack near NGEF circle, on Old Madras Road. An ambulance from a multi-specialty hospital on Old Airport Road was scrambled to fetch him. But it got stuck in traffic and the man passed away. These aren't stray cases. If there is a traffic jam and it's an emergency case, traffic police gets an alert from Emergency Management and Research Institute (EMRI-GVK) seeking traffic clearance on the particular stretch. Traffic policemen on the field coordinate the issue [10]. Such problems exist not only in Bangalore but for most of the major cities of India. Manual methods of tropic control methods include - giving way to ambulance, alerting traffic policemen, no traffic rules for ambulances etc. Now-a-days unmanned traffic signals are replacing the existing manned traffic signals. This involves automation of traffic signals. Hence, some automated methods are also developed for traffic management system for emergency vehicles. Automated methods such as using RFID, Zigbee, video processing from cc cameras at signals, etc [11]- [17]. But these methods are not effective as their range is only for limited area and high implementation costs. In this paper, we are proposing a novel traffic management system for emergency services using IoT. Implementation Approach of Proposed System Now-a-days, maximum number of emergency vehicles like, ambulances is equipped with GPS. We can locate the position of ambulance by tracking the GPS and the location data of all traffic signals are available. Hence, we can locate the nearest traffic signal in the route of ambulance. This nearest traffic signal is taken as Next Approaching Signal (NAS). 246

3 Figure 1: Block Diagrams of Intelligence Approach of Traffic Control of Emergency Vehicles Using IoT The block diagram of the proposed system is shown in Fig.1. The proposed system consists of mainly four parts: 1. Ambulance ( or any emergency vehicle) 2. Traffic signals indicators 3. Internet / Cloud 4. Control Unit / Traffic Management System All the above mentioned four things are connected through internet. Cloud is a server that works as a node in the internet. All the data required for comparison exists in this cloud server connected. In the proposed approach control, the traffic signal indicators will operate according to their pre-programmed cycles during normal conditions and show green light when it receives command from control unit (CU) or TMS. TMS is the main unit that controls traffic lights, which is bi-directional one i.e., it receives data from cloud and sends data to cloud. The TMS is continuously tracks the position of ambulance, processes the data and controls the traffic signals. The working flowchart for the proposed system is shown Fig.2. Working Procedure of Proposed Approach Step-1: When an ambulance starts from hospital, the control unit continuously tracks the location of the ambulance. All the data, locations of traffic signals are stored in cloud. Step-2: Then the control unit compares the location of ambulance with locations of traffic signals. Step-3: Set Next Approaching Signal (NAS). Step-4: Check the distance between ambulance and NAS. Step-5: If the ambulance is near to NAS, then the control unit sends the command to that particular traffic signal, so that it will show green until it crosses the signal. Else go to Step-4. Step-6: Go to Step

4 Figure 2: Flow Chart Diagram of Intelligence Approach of Traffic Control of Emergency Vehicles Using IoT The proposed system can be easily implemented by performing some modifications to the existing system. The tracking of vehicle exists already. Every traffic signal gets internet as every signal consists of CC cameras which are connected through internet. Hence, the only modification to be done is to establish a control center and to control traffic signals using that control center. Advantages of Proposed Approach: Few of the advantages with the proposed system are: Cost of implementation is very less compared to that of remaining methods such as usage of RFID. Monitoring is easy. It can be implemented for wide areas without any problem as the system works on internet. General Challenges in-front of Proposed Approach Sl. No Few of the issues in-front of the proposed system is given in the Table. I. [18]- [21]. Name of the Issue 1 Security 2 3 Data management Network architecture Table I: Challenges in-front of the Proposed Approach Description of Issue In wireless networks security becomes the major concern because a lot of data is generated and transferred through IoT devices. In case of IoT where devices are heterogeneous and they have different way of data representation and semantics hence the managing of data is extremely difficult task. Finding a flexible, scalable and cross platform architecture is another major goal of IoT. 248

5 2. Conclusion IoT based an approach to smart control of traffic for emergence vehicles has presented in this paper. Flow chart diagram of working itself gives the controlling mechanism and how it will incorporates the real-time environmental traffic condition and cloud/internet. Although the algorithm does not take into account many of the real world scenarios, and also may not work for very complex routes (such as traffic signals along a zigzag road), so more research on smart cities have to be done. It s hoped that the city and town planning authorities can take this into consideration while building smart cities for the future. Thus, by using IoT, we can give way to emergency vehicles with the advancement of smart intelligence traffic management system. References [1]. Luigi Atzori, Antonio Iera, Giacomo Morabito, The Internet of Things: A survey, Elsevier Publications, Computer Networks 54 (2010), [2]. Bilal Afzal, Muhammad Umair, Ghalib Asadullah Shah, Enabling IoT platforms for social IoT applications: Vision, feature mapping, and challenges, Elsevier Publication, Future Generation Computer Systems (2017). [3]. Zhu Nana, Zhao, Hongyan, IoT applications in the ecological industry chain from information security and smart city perspectives, Elsevier publication, Computers & Electrical Engineering (2017). [4]. Jayavardhana G., Rajkumar B., Slaven M., Marimuthu P., Internet of Things (IoT): A vision, architectural elements, and future directions, Elsevier publications, Future Generation Computer Systems 29(7) (2013). [5]. Sankar Mukherjee, G.P. Biswas, Networking for IoT and applications using existing communication technology, Elsevier publication, Egyptian Informatics Journal (2017). [6]. Charith Perera, Chi Harold Liu, Srimal Jayawardena, The Emerging Internet of Things Marketplace From an Industrial Perspective: A Survey (2015), [7]. Thar Baker, Muhammad Asim, Hissam Tawfik, An energy-aware service composition algorithm for multiple cloud-based IoT applications, Elsevier publication, Journal of Network and Computer Applications 89 (2017),

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