Recent developments for the Garching Compton Camera Prototype
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1 Recent developments for the Garching Compton Camera Prototype p, C Detector performance: spatial resolution of monolithic scintillator Ongoing developments: - upgrade of signal processing and DAQ electronics [ - alternative absorber detector: CeBr 3 compared to LaBr 3 (Ce) [ - alternative readout: SiPM compared to MA-PMT [ - alternative scatterer: pixelated GAGG array (for E γ < 1.5 MeV) 1
2 Compton camera with electron tracking: (Prompt) Gamma Imaging: Compton Camera E γ 1-2 MeV advantage: - reconstruction of incompletely absorbed events increased reconstruction efficiency 2
3 Garching Compton camera layout: Absorber (LaBr 3 :Ce + PMT) Garching Compton Camera Prototype Scattered γ Scatterer/Tracker Array (DSSSD) 6x DSSSD active area 50 x 50 mm 2 thickness : 500 µm 128 strips on each side pitch size 390 µm resistivity > 10 kωcm LaBr 3 (Ce): 50 x 50 x 30 mm 3. 16x16 MA-PMT (Hamamatsu) Compton e - Prompt γ E γ : MeV C. Lang et al., JINST 9 (2014) P01008, PhD thesis (LMU, 2015), S. Aldawood, PhD thesis, LMU
4 Spatial resolution from monolithic LaBr 3 absorber spatial resolution: based on 2D detector response - collimated γ source (Ø 1 mm): 137 Cs (662 kev, 72 MBq) 60 Co (1.17/1.33 MeV, 20 MBq) 2D scan of LaBr 3 data analysis: k-nearest neighbour algorithm (TU Delft) 4 H.T. van Dam et al., IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 58, 2139 (2011)
5 Experimental setup for collimated source scan spatial resolution: based on 2D detector response - collimated γ source (Ø 1 mm): 137 Cs (662 kev, 72 MBq) 60 Co (1.17/1.33 MeV, 20 MBq) 2D scan of LaBr 3 (mounted on translational stage) Exchangeable WC collimator tube 100x100x100 mm 3 DENSIMET 1 mm opening mm opening
6 2D Light Amplitude Distributions 137 Cs: MeV 60 Co:1.3MeV - 16x16 pixel source grid: step size 3 mm - for full reference library: 0.5 mm step size = irradiation positions 6 S. Aldawood, PhD 2016, M. Mayerhofer, MSc 2017, A. Miani, MSc 2016, T. Marinšek, MSc 2015
7 k-nearest Neighbour (knn) Algorithm standard form: 7 S. Aldawood, PhD 2016, M. Mayerhofer, MSc 2017
8 Systematical Parameter Studies CAP algorithm, 400 photopeak events per irradiation position: 662 kev: kev: MeV: 64/ MeV: 64/256 findings: - energy dependent improvement of resolution - 64-fold PMT segmentation: similar/better compared to 256-fold 8 S. Aldawood, PhD 2016, M. Mayerhofer, MSc 2017
9 Spatial Resolution from Monolithic Scintillator design goal for spatial resolution reached for 1.3 MeV: prompt-γ region design goal? Energy [MeV] Spatial res. CAP [mm] (1) (2) (1) so far very promising behaviour; higher photon energies? M. Mayerhofer, MSc Thesis LMU
10 Upgrade of signal processing / DAQ electronics - Faraday cage equipped with compressor cooler: from ca. 28 o 15 o- 17 o : reduction of noise level 10
11 Upgrade of Readout for Scatter/Tracker Array (Present) DSSSD readout: Gassiplex (4x16 ch. ASIC): replacement by modern non-asic readout: accepts both polarities, wider ADC dynamics (10 -> 12 bits), trigger capability, optimized shaping, higher data throughput capability (AC coupler integrated, same dimensions) 11 S. Liprandi, PhD thesis in preparation
12 Upgrade of signal processing / DAQ electronics GASSIPLEX ASIC: (frontend board: 64 ch.) Individual components: (FE board: 64 ch.) optical link (64 ch.) 12
13 Upgrade of signal processing / DAQ electronics new frontend boards can be modified to also process PMT signals from absorbing scintillator 256 or 64 cables replaced by 1 optical link - VME-based readout: SIS controller can (presently) transfer up to 30 MB/s - now provided: trigger capability for scatter component (DSSSDs) improvement of coincident data contents by ca. factor 10 3! 13
14 Signal processing and DAQ for the full Compton Camera Absorbing scintillator readout by multi-anode PMT MA-PMT sum dynode output MA - PMT segments Scatter array (DSSSD) ethernet MMR: 64 ch. frontend board (optional input polarity); opt. link CFD: 16 ch. fast reamplifier and CFD 14 MQDC 32 ch. charge integrating digitizer VMMR : 16 ch. optical link receiver/trigger gener. VME controller: (SIS3153): <= 30 MB/s
![1 6 Counts / kev layer 6 Sim: GEANT4 1 6 layer 1 15 Energy [kev]](/docs-images/95/123612357/images/15-6.jpg "I. Valencia Lozano, PhD in prep. S.")
15 Energy Deposition in OncoRay DSSSD: Compton electron energy deposition (225 MeV) Tracks: DSSSD: p side layer 6 layer Counts / kev layer 6 Sim: GEANT4 1 6 layer 1 15 Energy [kev] I. Valencia Lozano, PhD in prep. S. Aldawood, PhD thesis, LMU 2016
16 Signal processing and DAQ for the full Compton Camera 20 MeV protons; I beam = na, water target, trigger: OR of all silicon detectors E (in 0.5 mm Si) ~ 130 kev Energy [ch] Energy [ch] DSSSD layer 3: p-side strip number DSSSD layer 5: p-side counts counts Energy [ch] Energy [ch] DSSSD layer 4: p-side strip number DSSSD layer 6: p-side counts counts 16 strip number strip number S. Liprandi, PhD thesis in preparation
17 Summary and Outlook Compton camera prototype: designed for (γ +) electron tracking - spatial resolution of monolithic absorber : < MeV Ongoing upgrade activities: - thicker scatterers: 1 mm DSSSDs (high resistivity wafers needed) - pixelated scintillator array as scatterer for low-energy (PET) applications: GAGG? (poster: Silvia Liprandi) - CeBr 3 instead of LaBr 3 (cheaper, no internal radioactivity) - SiPM array (3x3 mm 2 modules) instead of MA-PMT: applicability near magnetic stray fields (poster: Tim Binder) - implement compact electronics for both scatterer and absorber (poster Silvia Liprandi) - consolidation of analysis software platform (poster: Maria Kawula) Outlook: - study impact of multiple photon detection in absorber - study impact of Compton electron to spatial absorber resolution 17
18 Thanks to LMU Munich: S. Aldawood, S. Liprandi, T. Binder, I. Castelhano, H. v.d. Kolff, C. Lang, T. Marinsek, M. Mayerhofer, A. Miani, M. Kawula, B. Tegetmeyer, G. Dedes, I. Valencia Lozano, R. Lutter, J. Bortfeldt, R. Viegas, K. Parodi TU Munich: L. Maier, M. Böhmer, R. Gernhäuser OncoRay/ HZDR, Dresden: G. Pausch, K. Römer, J. Petzoldt, F. Fiedler, T. Werner TU Delft: D.R. Schaart Supported by DFG Cluster of Excellence MAP (Munich-Centre for Advanced Photonics) Thank you for your attention! 18
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