Citation for published version (APA): van den Berg, J. D. J. (2002). Analytical chemical studies on traditional oil paints

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1 UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Analytical chemical studies on traditional oil paints van den Berg, J.D.J. Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): van den Berg, J. D. J. (2002). Analytical chemical studies on traditional oil paints General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam ( Download date: 13 Jan 2019

2 Analyticall chemical studies on traditional linseedd oil paints

3 Coverr illustration: Dadara, "Molecule 2000" m * * V V V* * Thee work described in this thesis was performed at the FOM-Institute for Atomic andd Molecular Physics (AMOLF), Kruislaan 407, 1098 SJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.. It is part of the research program of Priority Program MOLART (Molecularr Aspects of Ageing in Painted Art) of NWO ("Nederlandse organisatie voorr Wetenschappelijke Onderzoek") and of the approved research program nr. 28 "Masss Spectrometry of Macromolecular systems" of the "Stichting voor Fundamenteell Onderzoek der Materie (FOM)". ISBNN X

4 Analyticall chemical studies on traditional linseedd oil paints ACADEMISCHH PROEFSCHRIFT terr verkrijging van de graad van doctor aann de Universiteit van Amsterdam opp gezag van de Rector Magnificus prof.. mr. P.F. van der Heijden tenn overstaan van een door het college voor promoties ingestelde commissie,, in het openbaar te verdedigen in de Aula der Universiteit opp vrijdag 26 april 2002, te 12:00 uur door r Jorritt Dirk Jan van den Berg geborenn te Woerden

5 Promotiecommissie e Promotor:: prof. dr. J.J.Boon Overigee leden: prof. dr. J. W. Verhoeven prof.. dr. C. J. Elsevier prof.. dr. P. J. Schoenmakers prof.. dr. C. G. de Koster prof.. dr. R. van der Linde prof.. dr. J. R. J. van Asperen de Boer, em. dr.. J. Kol Ier dr.. W. J. Muizebelt Faculteitt der Natuurwetenschappen, Wiskunde en Informatica.

6 Thee chemistry of the drying of the linseed oil is so complex as to be unintelligible too anyone who is not a student of chemistry. (A.P.. Laurie, The Painter's methods and materials) Inn the ideal drying oil the first or "drying stage" of polymerisation is short; the secondd or "deteriorative stage" is prolonged. (M.. W. Formo, Bailey's industrial oil and fat products) Artt has to be forgotten: Beautyy must be realized. (Piett Mondriaan)

7 MOLARTT Reports MOLARTT - Molecular Aspects of Ageing of Painted Art - is a 5-year cooperativee project between art historians, restorers, analytical chemists and technical physicistss funded by the Dutch Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). Technicall support and advice is given by Shell-SRTCA (Amsterdam), AKZO NOBELL (Arnhem), Instituut Collectie Nederland (ICN, Amsterdam) and the Dutch artt museums. The project was launched on 1 February 1995 and will end early The object of MOLART is to contribute to the development of a scientific frameworkk for the conservation of painted art on the molecular level. The focus of MOLARTT is the determination of the present chemical and physical condition of workss of art produced in the period from the 15th to the 20th century. Studies of historicall paint manufacturing and workshop practice must give insight into the naturee of the painters' media and the painting technique used originally. Fundamentall studies on varnishes, paint and colorants are undertaken to understandd the molecular aspects of ageing since this is thought to be a main cause forr the continued need to treat paintings. Thiss thesis is the sixth in a series of MOLART reports that will summarise all researchh results obtained in the course of the project. Information about MOLART cann be obtained from the project co-ordinator Prof. Dr. J.J. Boon, FOM-Institute forr Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan 407, 1098 SJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.. Previouslyy issues of the MOLART series: 1.. Molecular studies of fresh and aged triterpenoid varnishes, Gisela A. van der Doelen,, ISBN A mathematical study on craquelure and other mechanical damage in paintings, Petrii de Willigen, ISBN Solvent extractable components of oil paint films, Kenneth R. Sutherland, ISBN Molecular changes in egg tempera paint dosimeters as tools to monitor the museumm environment, Oscar F. van den Brink, ISBN Discoloration in renaissance and baroque oil paintings, Margriet van Eikema Hommes,, 2002.

8 Thiss thesis is based on the following publications: ChapterChapter 3 vann den Berg, J. D. J., Vermist, N. D., Carlyle, L., Holcapek, M, and Boon, J.. J., "The effects of traditional processing methods of linseed oil on the compositionn of its triacylglycerols", submitted to Zeitschrift für Kunsttechnologiee und Konservierung. ChapterChapter 4 vann den Berg, J. D. J., and Boon, J. J., "Direct temperature resolved mass spectrometryy of oil paint constituents and aged oil paints", submitted to Journall of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis ChapterChapter 5 vann den Berg, J. D. J., van den Berg, K. J., and Boon, J. J., "Identification off non-cross-linked compounds in methanolic extracts of cured and aged linseedd oil-based paint films using gas chromatography - mass spectrometry",, Journal of Chromatography A, 950 (2002) vann den Berg, J. D. J., and Boon, J. J "Unwanted alkylation during direct methylationn of fatty acids using tetramethylammonium hydroxide reagent inn a Curie-point pyrolysis unit", Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,, 61 (2001)45-63 ChapterChapter 6 vann den Berg, J. D. J., van den Berg, K. J., and Boon, J. J., "Determination off the degree of hydrolysis of oil paint samples using a two-step derivatisationn method and on-column GC/MS", Progress in Organic Coatings,, 41 (2001) OtherOther publications vann den Berg, J. D. J., van den Berg, K. J., and Boon, J. J., "GC/MS analysiss of fractions of cured and aged drying oil paints", in 14 th Internationall Conference on Mass Spectrometry, Ed. Karjalainen, E. J., Hesso,, A. E., Jalonen, J. E., and Karjalainen, U. P., Advances in Mass Spectrometry,, Vol. 14, Elsevier, Tampere, Finland (1997) D05 THP0121 vann den Berg, J. D. J., Boon, J. J., van den Berg, K. J., Fiedler, I, and Miller,, M. A., "Identification of an original non-terpenoid varnish from the earlyy 20th century oil painting "The White Horse" (1929), by H. Menzel", Analyticall Chemistry, 70 (1998)

9 vann den Berg, J. D. J., Boon, J. J., and Phenix, A., "Analytical chemistry of oill paint: a revised chemical model of aged paint relevant to the cleaning of paintings",, in Proceedings of the Symposium "Beobachtungen zur Gemaldeoberflachee und Móglichkeiten ihrer Behandlung", Höhere Fachklassenn fiir Konservierung und Restaurierung HFG, Bern, Switzerland (1998) ) Rimer,, B., Fiedler, L, M. A. Miller, Cunningham, M., and van den Berg, J. D.. J., "Investigation of fatty acid migration in alizarin crimson oil paint in twoo works by Frank Stella", in 27 th annual meeting of the American Institutee for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works, St. Louis, Missouri,, Ed. Wallace, F. A., AIC Paintings Specialty Group Postprints, AIC,, Washington, (1999) 1-14 vann den Berg, J. D. J., Vermist, N. D., and Boon, J. J., "MALDI-TOF-MS andd ESI-FTMS of oxidised triacylglycerols and oligomers in traditionally preparedd linseed oils used for oil paintings", in 15th International Conferencee on Mass Spectrometry, Ed. Gelpi, E., Advances in Mass Spectrometry,, Vol. 15, Elsevier, Barcelona, Spain (2000) in press