FEDERAL INFORMATION PROCESSING STANDARDS (FIPS) 55, [1984] (ICPSR 8346) Principal Investigator

Transcription

1 1 FEDERAL INFORMATION PROCESSING STANDARDS (FIPS) 55, [1984] (ICPSR 8346) Principal Investigator United States Department of Commerce Bureau of Census First ICPSR Release 1985 Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research P.O. Box 1248 Ann Arbor, Michigan [Hard copy documentation transformed into machine-readable text utilizing Optical Character Recognition (OCR) Scanning, September 1991] 1

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3 BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION Publications based on ICPSR data collections should acknowledge those sources by means of bibliographic citations. To ensure that such source attributions are captured for social science bibliographic utilities, citations must appear in footnotes or in reference section of publications. The bibliographic citation for this data collection is: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Bureau of Census. FEDERAL INFORMATION PROCESSING STANDARDS (FIPS) 55, [1984] [Computer file]. Washington, DC: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Bureau of Census [producer], Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], REQUEST FOR INFORMATION ON USE OF ICPSR RESOURCES To provide funding agencies with essential information about use of archival resources and to facilitate exchange of information about ICPSR participants' research activities, users of ICPSR data are requested to send to ICPSR bibliographic citations for each completed manuscript or sis abstract. Please indicate in a cover letter which data were used. DATA DISCLAIMER The original collector of data, ICPSR, and relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for uses of this collection or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. 1

4 1 ICPSR 8346 Page 1 all Each geographic entity listed in this collection is identified by a unique two-character State code and a five-character numeric place code. Areas of United States covered are fifty States, District of Columbia, and

5 outlying territories with significant self-administration. An exhaustive list is carried of incorporated places, census designated places (CDP's), primary county divisions (such as townships, New England towns, and census county divisions), recognized Indian reservations and Alaska Native villages and counties. The listing also includes unincorporated places, military bases, National parks, airports, and ground transportation points. A two-character class code distinguishes over 70 entity types. Each entity is identified by county or counties in which it is located. All categories and military bases are identified by Congressional District, and in most cases, by metropolitan statistical areas. Incorporated places, CDP's and Indian and Alaska Native areas are cross-referenced to U.S. Bureau of Census files. Zip codes are provided for all Post Offices. There are fifty-seven data files in this collection, one for each State, District of Columbia, American Samoa, Guam, Norrn Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, Trust Territory of Pacific Islands, and Virgin Islands of United States. The collection consists of 161,158 total records each with a logical record length of 132 characters. Class IV

6 1 Page 2 ICPSR 8346 Federal Information Processing Standards Publication March 1 User Guide for Guideline for CODES FOR NAKED POPULATED PLACES, PRIMARY COUNTY DIVISIONS, AND OTHER LOCATIONAL ENTITIES OF THE UNITED STATES Federal Information Processing Standards Publications are issued by National Bureau of Standards pursuant to Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949, as amended, Public Law (79 Stat. 1127), Executive Order (38 FR 12315, dated May 11, 1973), and Part 6 of Title 15 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). NAME OF GUIDELINE: Codes for Named Populated Places, Primary County Divisions, and Or Locational Entities of United States (FIPS PUB 55). CATEGORY OF GUIDELINE: Federal General Data Standards and Guidelines, Representations and Codes. ABSTRACT: This Guideline provides a two-character State code and fivecharacter numeric place code to uniquely identify each listed entity. Areas of United States covered are fifty States, District of Columbia, and all outlying territories with significant self-administration. An exhaustive list is carried of' incorporated places, census designated places (CDP's), primary county divisions (such as townships, New England towns, and census county divisions), recognized Indian reservations and Alaska Native villages, and counties. The listing also includes unincorporated places, military bases, National parks, airports, and ground transportation points. A twocharacter class code distinguishes over seventy entity types. Each entity is identified by county or counties in which it is located. All exhaustive categories and military bases are identified by Congressional District and, in most cases, by metropolitan statistical area. Incorporated places, CDP's, and Indian and Alaska Native areas, are cross-referenced to U.S. Bureau of Census files. ZIP codes are provided for all Post Offices. Files are available on magnetic tape or in hard copy. APPROVING AUTHORITY : Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology; National Bureau of Standards, U.S. Department of Commerce. of and MAINTENANCE AGENCY: Data Administration Group, Data Management and Programming Languages Division, A-265 Technology Building, National Bureau Standards, Washington, DC Questions concerning list of entries codes should be addressed to maintenance agency. Revised editions of data files on tape and hard copy, as well as change

7 notices to data, will be issued as required. The current editions of data files are third printed version and sixth update tape. Users of this Guideline who wish to be notified of changes and announcements of revisions should complete Change Request Form provided in this publication and forward it to Standards Administration Office, Institute for Computer 1 ICPSR 8346 Page 3 Sciences and Technology, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, DC CROSS INDEX: * ANS X , Structure for Identification of Named Populated Places and Related Entities of States of United States for Information Interchange; * ANS X , Identification of States of United States (including District of Columbia) for Information Interchange; and FIPS PUB 5-1, States and Outlying Areas of U.S. * ANS X , Structure for Identification of Counties of United States for Information Interchange; and FIPS PUB 6-3, Counties and County Equivalents of States of U.S.; * Worldwide Geographic Location Codes, General Services Administration, Office of Finance;. * National ZIP Code Directory, United States Postal Service. it APPLICABILITY: This Guideline is provided for use in collection and interchange of data between and among Federal agencies and public, including industry, and State and local governments. Use is encouraged when contributes to operational benefits, efficiency, or economy. IMPLEMENTATION: The place codes provided in data files are being made available as a FIPS Guideline in order to provide a basis for ir consideration as a Federal standard. SPECIFICATIONS: This Guideline implements provisions of American National Standard X , Structure for Identification of Named Populated Places and Related Entities of States of United States for Information Interchange, which was developed and approved by American National Standards Institute.

8 WHERE TO OBTAIN COPIES OF THE GUIDELINE AND DATA FILES: Copies of this publication, and associated data files on magnetic tape and in hard copy, are available from National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, Springfield, Virginia When ordering this publication, refer to Federal Information Processing Standards Publication 55 (NBS FIPS PUB 55) and title. For data files, request third printed version or sixth update tape, as desired. Copies of ANS X and or ANSI standards may be obtained from American National Standards Institute, 1430 Broadway, New York, New York Page 4 ICPSR 8346 Federal Information Processing Standards Publication March 1 Specifications for CODES FOR NAMED POPULATED PLACES, PRIMARY COUNTY DIVISIONS, AND RELATED ENTITIES OF THE-UNITED STATES 1. DESCRIPTION OF DATA FILES The files of FIPS PUB 55 provide a unique code for each listed populated place, primary county division, and or locational entity. There are now approximately 159,000 individual entries in files. Areas of U.S. covered in files are fifty States, District of Columbia, and outlying territories of American Samoa, Guam, prospective Commonwealth of Norrn Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, Trust Territory of Pacific Islands, and Virgin Islands of U.S. Areas or than States are called State equivalents. The unique code identifying each listed entity consists of a two-digit numerical FIPS State code (initially specified in FIPS PUB 5-1) and a five-digit numerical FIPS place code (specified in this FIPS PUB). The place code sequence repeats in each State and State equivalent, while FIPS State code indicates State (or State equivalent). For example, city of Modesto, California, is distinguished from all or places in Nation by its seven digit code , in which 06 represents California and uniquely identifies Modesto within that State. The two-character alphabetic

9 Postal abbreviation may be substituted for FIPS State code. The current data files includes Congressional District data for 98th (present) Congress, and an updated list of GSA (General Services Administration) codes. It also provides a list of place codes for counties. 1.1 MAIN ALPHABETIC SEQUENCE Entries are listed numerically by FIPS place code within each State and State equivalent. The lowest-numbered place code, usually 00100, is assigned to first entry in alphabetical order. Successively assigned place codes increase in numerical order as entry names progress in alphabetic order. The place code assigned to last entry in main alphabetic sequence does not exceed Place codes were assigned in main sequence in each State so that a standard numeric increment existed in most cases between successive assignments. The only exception was assignment of codes to important cities. Codes assigned to se places were arranged so as to end in "00" or "0000" necessitating a larger than standard increment. In a State with a smaller number of entries, standard increment between successive place codes is larger while in a State with a larger number of entries, standard increment is smaller. Thus, original set of place codes were nearly uniformly distributed between limits of and end of main sequence. The State with 1 ICPSR 8346 Page 5 largest number of entries is Pennsylvania. It has a standard increment of eight. The increment between place code assignments allows new entries to be inserted in proper alphabetic order with code assignments that retain ascending numerical sequence. In se cases, actual increment between place codes must be less than initial standard increment. Preservation of correspondence between alphabetic order and place code sequence facilitates alphabetic sorting by permitting an alternate numeric sort on far fewer characters. code 1.2 INACTIVE AND NONFUNCTIONING PRIMARY COUNTY DIVISIONS Anor sequence, which identifies many inactive or nonfunctioning primary county divisions not listed in main sequence, commences after place and does not exceed This sequence does not exist in file for Alaska and in files for twelve States that have no unorganized territories and whose counties (with very few exceptions) are completely subdivided into active governmental units. These States are: Connecticut, Indiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York,

10 Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode island, Vermont, and Wisconsin. The sequence also does not exist in any of state equivalents. In this sequence, as in main sequence, entries are spaced in equal numeric increments between limiting place codes. In States with many entries, spacing is narrower than in States with few entries. 1.3 COUNTIES AND COUNTY EQUIVALENTS An additional sequence, new in third printed version, commences at or after in file for each State and State equivalent. This sequence assigns each county and county equivalent (except for independent cities) a fivedigit FIPS place code which consists of 99 followed by three-digit county code specified in "county code" field of this FIPS PUB. For example,. Autauga County, Alabama, with county code of 001, is assigned a FIPS place code of in Alabama file. Montgomery County, Maryland, with a county code of 031, is assigned a FIPS place code of in Maryland. file. All three-digit county and county equivalent codes have been published in FIPS PUB 6-3 or its updates. This latter sequence has been added so that each local government. in U.S. may be assigned a compatible code. Furrmore, class code structure developed for county entries distinguishes active from inactive governmental units, and also identifies those counties whose governments are consolidated and coextensive with governments of incorporated places. In addition, se entries provide summarized SMSA and Congressional District information by county. of The The sequence commencing at does NOT apply to independent cities Baltimore (city) in Maryland, St. Louis (city) in Missouri, Carson City in Nevada, and Alexandria and or forty independent cities in Virginia. 1 Page 6 ICPSR 8346 used main county equivalent codes assigned to se cities in FIPS PUB 6-3 are NOT to create FIPS place codes. The independent cities were included in sequence of this FIPS PUB and assigned place codes accordingly. 1.4 Data Included In Each Entry its Some of data included in each file entry, or than entry name and assigned FIPS place code, are FIPS State code and State postal abbreviation, FIPS county codes and names of counties in which entry is located, assigned class codes which identify type of entry,

11 ZIP code (and ZIP code range) if entry is also name of a post office, and a cross-reference to World-Wide Geographic Location Code issued by U.S. General Services Administration. The "part of code" and "or name code" fields provide for identification of relationships between entries. In addition, space is available for ZIP code extension when recording of that data becomes appropriate. Additional data are included in each entry if entry is a county, primary county division, incorporated place, census designated place, military base, Indian reservation, or Alaska Native village. For se entities, all Congressional Districts in which each is located are given, and data reflects reapportionment for 98th (current) Congress. If any of se entities (except a non-cdp military base) is located in a Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (SMSA), code of that area is given also. For incorporated and census designated places, identification codes (called MRF codes) assigned by U.S. Bureau of Census for 1980 census have been added. Identification numbers assigned by same agency have been added for Indian reservations and Alaskan native villages. copy and Four indexing fields are used on tape, but are not printed in hard version. A complete list of fields and ir locations in each tape record in printed version is given below in Section TAPE CHARACTERISTICS Files are recorded on a single, standard 9-track tape at a density of 1600 bpi, odd parity. There are 64 logical records per physical record (8448 characters per block). Both ASCII and EBCDIC versions are available. Both versions use upper and lower case characters. Tapes are unlabeled. 3. TAPE FILE AND RECORD FORMATS 3.1 FILE FORMAT The complete file is subdivided into 57 individual files of States and State equivalents on same reel of tape. This provides easy access to start of any file. Files are sequenced in numerical order of FIPS State code, which implies that States and District of Columbia occur first in alphabetic order followed by outlying areas in alphabetic order. For information of users, sequence, number of entries, and number of records in each file are given in Table 1.(see pp. 28, 29).

12 1 ICPSR 8346 Page 7 one in a 3.2 RECORD FORMAT The record length is fixed at 132 characters. Places that are located in only one county and in not more than three Congressional Districts (CD's) require only one 132- character record. Ninety-nine percent of all entries use only one record. The remaining entries require more than 132-character record because more than one county or more than three CD's single county must be listed. Data that are constant for an entry are repeated in each tape record of entry (but are not repeated in printed version). All data in an entry could conceivably vary between counties Except FIPS State code, State abbreviation, place code, and entry name. Only one record format is employed, regardless of how many records each entry requires. To provide for possibility of a variable number of records per entry, four indexing fields are used. Two indexing fields are associated with additional records for CD's in one county and two fields relate to additional records for counties. To allow for more than three CD's in a single county, a two-digit indexing field named "number of CD's this county' and a one-digit indexing field named "CD record sequence number" are used. For case of eight CD's in a single county, for example, first field would be set to " 8" and second field would be set to "1", "2", and "3", respectively, in three successive records required to store eight CD identification numbers. The system allows for up to 27 CD's in a single county. At present, largest number is 17, for Los Angeles county, California. In order to allow for more than one county for an entry, a two-digit indexing field, named "total number of counties", indicates how many counties each entry requires. Anor two-digit field, "county sequence number", indicates county sequence of current record in set of records for entry. There will be more than one record with same county sequence number if re are more than three CD's to be listed in that county. 4. SPECIFIC RECORD LAYOUT: TAPE AND PRINTED VERSION Note: "Location" applies to tape only. See "Printed Version" comment for placement of fields in hard copy. 4.1 FIELD 1: FIPS State Code Never has numeric

13 blank field REMARKS: See FIPS PUB 5-1 for explanation PRINTED VERSION: Printed in heading of each page. 4.2 FIELD 2: FIPS Place Code 1 Page 8 ICPSR 8346 Never has numeric blank field REMARKS: Records are filed in place code sequence by State. PRINTED VERSION: First tabular field from left. 4.3 FIELD 3: State Postal Abbreviation Never has alpha blank field REMARKS: See FIPS PUB 5-1 for explanation. PRINTED VERSION: Printed in heading of each page. 4.4 FIELD 4: Total Number of Counties Never has numeric blank field REMARKS: Data are right-justified; leading space if datum is a single digit. PRINTED VERSION: Not printed. 4.5 FIELD 5: County Sequence Number Never has numeric blank field REMARKS: Data are right-justified; leading space if datum is a single digit. PRINTED VERSION: Not printed. 4.6 FIELD 6: Class Code Never has alpha-

14 blank field numeric REMARKS: Leading character is alphabetic; second character is blank or numeric; see Section 5 below for explanation of class code structure. PRINTED VERSION: Fifth tabular field from left. 4.7 FIELD 7: Entry Name 1 ICPSR 8346 Page Never has alphablank field numeric REMARKS: Data are left-justified, spaces complete field; entries of Alaska Native villages include Census Bureau identification numbers in positions through 66; entries of New England counties located in more than one SMSA include all applicable SMSA codes, as Field 16 (FIPS SMSA Code) is set to in that situation (see section 4.16 below). PRINTED VERSION: Second tabular field from left. 4.8 FIELD 8: FIPS County Code Never has numeric blank field REMARKS: See FIPS PUB 6-3 for explanation. PRINTED VERSION: Third tabular field from left. 4.9 FIELD 9: County or County Equivalent Name Never has alphablank field numeric REMARKS: Data are left-justified; spaces complete field; each name is recorded completely except Prince of Wales- Outer Ketchikan, a census area in Alaska; that name is recorded as Prince-Wales-Ketchikan. PRINTED VERSION: Fourth tabular field from left FIELD 10: Part of Code (Inclusion Code) Spaces numeric

15 REMARKS: Indicates that this place is within boundaries of anor place whose FIPS place code is given here; see Section 5.3 below for usage in connection with specific class codes. PRINTED VERSION: Eighth-tabular field from left FIELD 11: Or Name Code (Cross-reference Code) Spaces numeric 1 Page 10 ICPSR 8346 REMARKS: Indicates FIPS place code of reference; see Section 5.3 below for usage in connection with specific class codes. PRINTED VERSION: Ninth tabular field from left FIELD 12: ZIP Code Spaces numeric REMARKS: Lowest or only ZIP code of servicing post office. PRINTED VERSION: Sixth tabular field from left. 4.13a FIELD 13a: Not used at this time Spaces numeric REMARKS: Will form part of ZIP Code Extension field,if applicable to entry. PRINTED VERSION: Not printed at this time. 4.13b FIELD 13b: ZIP Code Range Spaces numeric are REMARKS: If entry is assigned a set of (5-digit) sequential ZIP codes, data two rightmost digits of highest ZIP code of set; orwise data are spaces. PRINTED VERSION: Seventh tabular field from left FIELD 14: GSA Code

16 Spaces numeric REMARKS: Cross-reference to General Services Administration Worldwide Geographic Location Code. PRINTED VERSION: Tenth tabular field from left Field 15: 1980 Census Bureau Code For Places and Indian Reservations 1 ICPSR 8346 Page 11 Spaces alphanumeric REMARKS: Records four-digit numeric Census Bureau code for each incorporated place and census designated place; records letter "D" followed by threedigit Census Bureau identification number for each Indian reservation. PRINTED VERSION: Eleventh tabular field from left (identified as MRF) FIELD 16: FIPS SMSA Code FIPS used Spaces numeric REMARKS: Records FIPS code for Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area, if applicable, for each incorporated place, census designated place, primary county division, Indian reservation, Alaska Native village, and county see PUB 8-4. If a county is located in more than one SMSA, code 9999 is (occurs only in entries for some counties in New England states) and SMSA codes are listed in Field 7 (Entry Name). PRINTED VERSION: Twelfth tabular field from left FIELD 17: Number of CD's This County Spaces numeric REMARKS: Data are right-justified; leading space if datum is a single digit. PRINTED VERSION: Not printed Field 18: CD Record Sequence Number

17 Spaces numeric REMARKS: Three, two-digit CD identification numbers may be stored in each record. PRINTED VERSION: Not printed FIELD 19: First CD Identification Number Spaces numeric REMARKS: Records first (or fourth or seventh, etc.) CD identification number for each county, primary county division, incorporated place, census designated place, military base, Indian reservation, and Alaska Native village; see FIPS 1 Page 12 ICPSR 8346 PUB 9. PRINTED VERSION: Third tabular field from right FIELD 20: Second CD Identification Number Spaces numeric REMARKS: Records second (or fifth or eighth, etc.) CD identification number; see FIPS PUB 9. PRINTED VERSION: Second tabular field from right FIELD 21: Third CD Identification Number Spaces numeric REMARKS: Records third (or sixth or ninth, etc.) CD identification number; see FIPS PUB 9. PRINTED VERSION: Rightmost tabular field. 5. CLASS CODE SYSTEM 5.1 DEFINITION OF TERMS The following definitions are provided to facilitate understanding of class code system. Underlining identifies defined terms. ACTIVE

18 describing an INCORPORATED PLACE or MINOR CIVIL DIVISION as exercising legally constituted governmental functions; compare with "INACTIVE" and "NONFUNCTIONING". AUTHORITATIVE COMMON NAME a name in common use and approved by an authoritative body such as U.S. Board on Geographic Names. CENSUS COUNTY DIVISION a statistical area serving as a PRIMARY COUNTY DIVISION in twenty states which have no MINOR CIVIL DIVISIONS appropriate for census use. CENSUS DESIGNATED PLACE (CDP) a POPULATED PLACE, not within limits of an INCORPORATED PLACE, that has been delimited for census purposes; serves, in one instance, as a PRIMARY COUNTY DIVISION. CENSUS SUBAREA a statistical area in Alaska serving as a PRIMARY COUNTY DIVISION. CENSUS SUBDISTRICT 1 ICPSR 8346 Page 13 a legally-established statistical area in Virgin Islands serving as a PRIMARY COUNTY DIVISION. for COUNTY EQUIVALENT a primary division, or than a county, of a State or a STATE EQUIVALENT; example, a parish in Louisiana, a borough or census area in Alaska, or an independent city in Maryland, Missouri, Nevada, or Virginia. FACILITY a locational entity, deliberately established as a site for designated activities, but not primarily for habitation (even though on-site habitation may be necessary to execution of primary activities); for example, a college, factory, hospital, military base, national park, office building, or prison; may serve, in whole or part, as a CDP if also definable as a POPULATED PLACE. but INACTIVE describing an INCORPORATED PLACE or PRIMARY COUNTY DIVISION as possessing, not exercising, legally constituted governmental functions; compare with "ACTIVE" and "NONFUNCTIONING". INCORPORATED PLACE a POPULATED PLACE possessing legally defined boundaries and legally constituted governmental functions; may serve as a PRIMARY COUNTY DIVISION in some States.

19 as INDEPENDENT CITY an INCORPORATED PLACE not included in a COUNTY or COUNTY EQUIVALENT; serves a COUNTY EQUIVALENT. than and MINOR CIVIL DIVISION (MCD) a political or administrative area of a COUNTY or COUNTY EQUIVALENT, or an INCORPORATED PLACE, established by appropriate State or local government authorities and adopted as a PRIMARY COUNTY DIVISION; occurs in 29 states in all STATE EQUIVALENTS excepting Virgin islands; e.g., a township in Ohio or a town in Vermont. NONFUNCTIONING describing a PRIMARY COUNTY DIVISION or INCORPORATED PLACE as not possessing legally constituted governmental functions; compare with "ACTIVE" and "INACTIVE". NON-PLACE COUNTY EQUIVALENTS set of COUNTY EQUIVALENTS excluding INDEPENDENT CITIES. NON-PLACE PRIMARY COUNTY DIVISIONS set of PRIMARY COUNTY DIVISIONS excluding INCORPORATED PLACES and CENSUS DESIGNATED PLACES. POPULATED PLACE a concentration of residential population. PRIMARY COUNTY DIVISION one of a set of principal territorial units into which a county or COUNTY 1 Page 14 ICPSR 8346 EQUIVALENT is completely subdivided without overlap for census purposes; all counties and NON-PLACE COUNTY EQUIVALENTS are so subdivided; see "CENSUS COUNTY DIVISION","CENSUS DESIGNATED PLACE", "CENSUS SUBAREA", "CENSUS SUBDISTRICT", "INCORPORATED PLACE", "MINOR CIVIL DIVISION", and "UNORGANIZED TERRITORY". STATE EQUIVALENT one of following: District of Columbia, American Samoa, Guam, prospective Commonwealth of Norrn Mariana islands; Puerto Rico, Trust Territory of Pacific Islands, and Virgin Islands of U.S. The Trust Territory is defined so as to exclude Norrn Mariana Islands. UNINCORPORATED PLACE a POPULATED PLACE not possessing, by and for itself, legally defined boundaries and legally constituted governmental functions; may exist as a subpopulation within an INCORPORATED PLACE or CENSUS DESIGNATED PLACE; may serve as a CDP

20 if not within an INCOPORATED PLACE or anor CDP. UNORGANIZED TERRITORY a part of a county or COUNTY EQUIVALENT, not subdivided into minor civil divisions or including any INCORPORATED PLACES, that has been bounded and named for census purposes; occurs only in those States and STATE EQUIVALENTS that have MINOR CIVIL DIVISIONS; always serves as a PRIMARY COUNTY DIVISION. 5.2 ENTRY SELECTION WITH THE AID OF THE CLASS CODE The Each file entry has a two character class code which distinguishes type of entry. The leftmost character is alphabetic and it identifies a class. rightmost character is a blank or a digit between 1 and 9 inclusive; it identifies a subclass. If class has no subclasses, or if subclass cannot be determined, blank is used. One function of class code structure is to distinguish different types of geopolitical units, such as counties, primary county divisions, and populated places. In general, se three types form a hierarchy, that is, a county will contain one or more primary county divisions, while a primary county division will often include one or more populated places. Some populated places, however, also serve as primary county divisions, and a few also serve as county equivalents. For each of se types of units, class code structure distinguishes active governmental units from those that are inactive or nonfunctioning. Among primary county divisions, active governmental units (designated by a class code in "T" series) are called "towns' in New England, New York, and Wisconsin, and are called "townships' in New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and states of Midwest, except Wisconsin. Among populated places, active governmental unit's are identified as "incorporated' and are designated by a class code in "C" series (excepting C9). The class code structure is extremely important in distinguishing entries which have same or similar name and are located in same county. As an example of use of class code in distinguishing between an incorporated place and a town, consider se data, taken from adjacent entries in Connecticut file: 1 ICPSR 8346 Page 15 PLACE ENTRY COUNTY COUNTY CLASS CODE NAME CODE NAME CODE 3700 Hartford 003 Hartford C Hartford (Town of) 003 Hartford T5

21 The first entry above is an active incorporated place, identified by its class code C1, while second entry is an active town or "minor civil division", denoted by its class code T5. In this case, both governmental units cover same territory (i.e., are coextensive), and this fact is implicit in class codes. C1 indicates that incorporated place is included in a primary county division. T5 requires that minor civil division be coextensive with an incorporated place that has same or very similar name. Thus, neir place name nor geographical location can distinguish two units. The application must be very clear as to wher 'incorporated place or minor civil division is to be selected. An apparently similar situation exists in Wisconsin file, as exemplified by following data: PLACE ENTRY COUNTY COUNTY CLASS CODE NAME CODE NAME CODE Dane 025 Dane C Dane (Town.of) 025 Dane T1 In this case, two entries are not coextensive, but exist side-by-side. This is revealed by class codes C5 and T1. C5 indicates an incorporated place not included in a primary county division, while T1 identifies an active minor civil division not including a populated place of same name. Without use of class code, geographical relationship of two entries could not be ascertained. With knowledge that two entries exist side-byside,ir differing geographical locations could be used to select one or or. A slightly different situation exists with following two adjacent entries from Massachusetts file: PLACE ENTRY COUNTY COUNTY CLASS CODE NAME CODE NAME CODE Brookline(Town of) 021 Norfolk T Brookline 021 Norfolk U1 In this case, class code T2 indicates that first entry is an active minor civil division that is coextensive with a census-designated place (CDP) that has same or very similar name. The class code of second entry, U1, indicates that entry is a CDP, and that name of CDP is an authoritative common name for that population, i.e., has not been invented by Bureau of Census. Again, neir place name nor location is of help in selecting one or or entry. However, if a specific application required

22 selection of a populated place (regardless of its governmental status), second entry (with class code U1) should be selected; if that application required selection of an active governmental unit, first entry (with class code T2) should be chosen. The class code structure is also used to distinguish alternate names for same incorporated place. The U.S. Bureau of Census identifies each 1 Page 16 ICPSR 8346 is incorporated place by its corporate charter name. In some cases, place commonly known by anor name that is usually very similar, but occasionally differs markedly. For example, consider this adjacent pair of entries from Alabama file: PLACE ENTRY COUNTY COUNTY CLASS CODE NAME CODE NAME CODE Oakhill (corporate name Oak Hill) 131 Wilcox C Oak Hill (corporate name for Oakhill) 131 Wilcox C1 These entries display alternate names for same entity. The entry with class code C1 uses corporate charter name, name used by Bureau of Census. The entry with class code C4 uses an alternate authoritative common name. The record for entry with corporate charter name provides user with SMSA and Congressional District data and a cross-reference to Bureau of Census files; C4 record does not. For any file application, it should be determined in advance wher corporate charter name or alternate common name is to be used. If such a determination is not made, both entries may appear in data collected, and as a result, erroneous interpretation may be made that re are two separate places. Anor situation concerning similar names may be seen in following entries from Nebraska file: PLACE ENTRY COUNTY COUNTY CLASS CODE NAME CODE NAME CODE Offut Air Force Base 153 Sarpy M Offut Air Force Base East 153 Sarpy U Offut Air Porce Base West 153 Sarpy U2 In this case, U.S. Bureau of Census has designated, as CDPs, two separate populations residing on Offut Air Force Base. These populations, Offut Air Force Base East and Offut Air Force Base West, are assigned class code U2. That class code indicates that names assigned to populations have

23 been established by Bureau of Census. The class code of base itself is M1. A user wanting to select military base would use FIPS place code 35875, while a user wishing to identify populations residing re would use FIPS place codes and The class code is also useful in selecting a part of a single entry with a particular status, as shown by this example from California file: PLACE ENTRY COUNTY COUNTY CLASS CODE NAME CODE NAME CODE Edwards Air Force Base 029 Kern M2 037 Los Angeles M1 071 San Bernardino M1 In this situation, Edwards Air Force Base is both a military facility and a CDP in Kern County, as indicated by class code M2. That is where majority of residences are located. However, base extends into Los Angeles and San Bernardino Counties, but is not a CDP in those counties, as indicated by class code MI.. If entire base is to be identified, all three counties must be listed, but if only populated place is of concern, only Kern County 1 ICPSR 8346 Page 17 should be specified. A similar situation occurs in this example from Ohio file: PLACE ENTRY COUNTY COUNTY CLASS CODE NAME CODE NAME CODE Hunting Valley 035 Cuyahoga C5 055 Geauga C1 Hunting Valley is located in two counties. It serves as a primary county division in Cuyahoga County, as indicated by class code C5, but it is dependent on a township in Geauga County, specified by class code C1. If only primary county divisions are desired in an application, only Cuyahoga County should be listed, whereas if full extent of incorporated place is required, both counties should be indicated. Exact definitions of class codes are given in following section. 5.3 CLASS CODE STRUCTURE Each class is included in one of five major "groups". The "groups' are presented here for explanatory purposes and are not actually part of records in file. They delineate distinctions among populated places,

24 than than that and political units, and institutional facilities. The subclasses provide ability to relate an entry to a different class its own. This ability is useful because a number of entries serve in more one capacity. For example, a military base may also serve as a commercial airport, and an Indian reservation may also serve as a minor civil division equivalent. Similarly, it is useful to identify close relationships through this method. A number of subclasses identify entries in different classes are coextensive, and a particular subclass identifies alternate names of same incorporated place. The groups, classes, and subclasses are defined described below GROUP 1: POPULATED PLACES EXCEPT THOSE ASSOCIATED WITH FACILITIES C1asses and subclasses are: CLASS C: INCORPORATED PLACES Names appearing in this class are those used by U.S. Bureau of Census or are alternate, authoritative common names. The alternate names are entered under subclass C4. The subclassed are: C1: identifies an active incorporated place, or than an Alaskan native village, which is included in a primary county division, i.e., does not serve as a primary county division. C4: identifies an alternate, authoritative common name of any member of subclasses C1, C5, C7, or C9; place code of Census name is referenced in "or name code" of record, and in entry of Census name, "or name code" references alternate. county C5: identifies an incorporated place which serves as a primary 1 Page 18 ICPSR 8346 division, i.e., is not included in a primary county division. has C6: identifies an incorporated place which is coincident with and same name as an Alaska Native village; "or name code" references Alaska Native village; see subclass E6. C7: identifies an independent city. C9: identifies an inactive incorporated place. CLASS U: UNINCORPORATED PLACES EXCEPT THOSE ASSOCIATED WITH FACILITIES Subclasses are:

25 U1: identifies a CDP with a name identical to authoritative common name that describes essentially same population; does not identify a CDP serving as a primary county division. U2: identifies a CDP with a name not identical to authoritative common name, if any, of essentially same population; if re is an alternate, authoritative common name, its entry is referenced in "or name code" field. U3: (a) identifies an alternate, authoritative common name of a population essentially described by a specific CDP ( "or name code" references CDP), or (b) identifies an unincorporated place wholly or substantially within boundaries of a CDP ( "part of code" references CDP). U4: identifies an unincorporated place wholly or substantially within boundaries of an incorporated place; "part of code" identifies incorporated place. not U5: identifies a CDP serving as a primary county division, i.e., included in a primary county division. U6: identifies an unincorporated place located wholly or substantially outside boundaries of an incorporated place or CDP and designated as a "populated place" by U.S. Geological Survey. by not U7: identifies an unincorporated place designated as a "locality" U.S. Geological Survey. U8: identifies an unincorporated place located wholly or substantially outside boundaries of an incorporated place or CDP but verified by U.S. Geological Survey. CLASS E: ALASKA NATIVE VILLAGES Subclasses are: E1: identifies an Alaska Native village not serving as a CDP and not identically named and coincident with an incorporated place. E2: identifies an Alaska Native village serving as a CDP. 1 ICPSR 8346 Page 19 E6: identifies an Alaska Native village with same name and coincident with an incorporated place; "or name code" identifies incorporated place; see subclass C6. CLASSES K,P,Q, AND R: OBSOLETE CLASSES. These classes were defined in initial printed version of FIPS 55. They

26 appear in present version but are being phased out. For those entries of FIPS 55 using se codes that actually refer to unincorporated places not associated with facilities, classes K and R will be replaced by U6, P by U4, and Q by U3. For or entries of FIPS 55 originally designated by K, P, Q, and R, replacement will be with an appropriate class and subclass of facilities Group 2: COUNTIES AND NON-PLACE COUNTY EQUIVALENTS, NON-PLACE PRIMARY COUNTY DIVISIONS, AND INDIAN RESERVATIONS Classes and subclasses are: CLASS H: COUNTIES AND NON-PLACE COUNTY EQUIVALENTS Subclasses are: that H1: identifies an active county or non-place county equivalent does not qualify under subclass H6. H4: identifies an inactive or nonfunctioning county or non-place county equivalent that does not qualify under subclass H5 or H6. H5: identifies an inactive or nonfunctioning county or non-place county equivalent that is coextensive with a single non-place primary county division; "or name code" of record references primary county division. H6: identifies a county or non-place county equivalent that is coextensive with and governmentally consolidated with an incorporated place; "or name code" of record references Census name of incorporated place; incorporated place serves as active governmental unit. with CLASS T: ACTIVE MINOR CIVIL DIVISIONS. Subclasses are: T1: identifies an active minor civil division, not coextensive any CDP or incorporated place, and not including a populated place of same name. T2: identifies an active minor civil division coextensive with a CDP of class U1 or U2. The name of CDP is same as or very similar to name of MCD; e.g., Carrollton coextensive with Carrollton (Township of) in Michigan, South Orange coextensive with South Orange Village (Township of) in New Jersey, Ewing Township coextensive with Ewing (Township of), also in New Jersey, and Niagara Town coextensive with Niagara (Town of) in New York. with T3: identifies an active minor civil division, not coextensive any CDP or incorporated place, but including a populated place of same name.

27 1 Page 20 ICPSR 8346 T5: identifies an active minor civil division coextensive with an incorporated place. The name of incorporated place is same as or is very similar to name of MCD in almost all cases, e.g., Bridgeport coextensive with Bridgeport (Town of) in Connecticut, and Champaign coextensive with Champaign City (Township of) in Illinois. Exceptions to name similarity are Urbana coextensive with Cunningham (Township of) and Springfield coextensive with Capital (Township of), both in Illinois, and Lamar coextensive with City (Township of) in Missouri. CLASS Z: INACTIVE OR NONFUNCTIONING PRIMARY COUNTY DIVISIONS Subclasses are: Z1: identifies an inactive or nonfunctioning MCD. MCD Z2: identifies an unorganized territory coextensive with a disorganized MCD or with a member of subclass Z4; "or name code" references this coextensive entry if separately entered in file. If an is disorganized and becomes an unorganized territory of same name and boundaries, no additional entry in file will be made. Z3: identifies an unorganized territory not coextensive with a disorganized MCD or with a a member of subclass Z4; may include one or more such members. Z4: identifies a nonfunctioning township or similar unit not recognized as an MCD; must be eir coextensive with or included in an unorganized territory; if coextensive, "or name code" identifies a member of subclass Z2; if included, "part of code" identifies a member of subclass Z3. Z5: identifies a census county division, census subarea, or census subdistrict. CLASS D: INDIAN RESERVATIONS Subclasses are: D1: identifies a Federally administered reservation. D4: identifies a State-administered reservation that does not serve as an MCD equivalent. MCD equivalent. D5: identifies a State-administered reservation serving as an D9: identifies Indian Historic Reservation Area.

28 5.3.3 GROUP 3: FACILITIES, EXCEPTING FOR COMMUNICATIONS AND TRANSPORTATION Except for subclasses MI, M2, and M4, which are intended to be complete, re is no intention to list all members of classes G, M, and N. Inclusion of members of se classes will continue to occur as need arises. In defining se classes, parallelism has been used where appropriate in establishing subclasses, for simplicity and improved recognition. Classes and subclasses 1 ICPSR 8346 Page 21 are: CLASS G: NONGOVERNMENT FACILITIES Subclasses are: G1: identifies a shopping center or amusement park. G3: identifies a health care or geriatric care facility. G4: identifies an area of natural preservation, or of significant cultural and historic significance. G5: identifies a stockyard, storage facility, or an industrial. manufacturing or continuous process facility or than a utility. G6: identifies a religious or educational facility, research laboratory, or testing facility. G7: identifies an energy generation facility or or utility. G8: identifies an executive or administrative facility. (not G9: identifies anor type of nongovernment facility, n.e.c. elsewhere classified). CLASS M: FEDERAL FACILITIES Subclasses are: M1: identifies a major installation, populated by full time personnel, of U.S. Department of Defense or of any branch reof, or of U.S. Coast Guard, regardless of purpose-or function of installation; excludes any installation (or part) that also serves as a CDP, airport, or National Guard base (see subclasses M2, N1, A1, and A2). M2: identifies an installation (or part of an installation) that serves as a CDP but would orwise qualify under subclass M1. M3: identifies an installation of U.S. Veterans Administration or or non-defense, health care, hospital, rehabilitation, or geriatric care facility.

29 M4: identifies a unit of national park system managed by National Park Service. M5: identifies a Federal correctional facility. M6: identifies a non-defense, non-coast Guard, educational or training facility, research laboratory, or testing station, or a launch, monitoring, or control installation of National Aeronautics and Space Administration. M7: identifies an energy generation or fuel production facility. M8: identifies an executive, legislative, judicial, or 1 Page 22 ICPSR 8346 administrative office. M9: identifies any or Federal facility, n.e.c. Class N: State, Local and International Government Facilities CLASS N: STATE, LOCAL AND INTERNATIONAL GOVERNMENT FACILITIES Subclasses are: N1: identifies a National Guard, Air National Guard, or or public safety facility not qualifying under subclass A1 or A2. N3: identifies a health or geriatric care facility, or facility for veterans. site. N4: identifies a state park or significant cultural or historic N5: identifies a correctional facility. N6: identifies an educational facility, research laboratory, or testing station. N7: identifies an energy generation facility or or utility. N8: identifies an executive, legislative, judicial, or adminstrative facility. N9: identifies any or State, local, or international government installation, n.e.c GROUP 4: COMMUNICATIONS AND TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES Classes and subclasses are: CLASS A: AIRPORTS Subclasses are: A1: identifies an airport that serves as a military or Coast Guard base, but would orwise qualify under subclass A3.

30 A2: identifies an airport that serves as a military or Coast Guard base and as a CDP, but would orwise qualify under subclass A3. A3: identifies an airport that meets Federal Aviation Administration safety regulation PAR 139 and that receives regularly scheduled commercial flights; excludes any airport also serving as a military or Coast Guard base or as a CDP. A4: identifies an airport not receiving regularly scheduled commercial flights that would orwise qualify under subclass A3. A5: identifies an airport not meeting Federal Aviation Administration safety regulation PAR 139 and not serving as a military or Coast Guard base. 1 ICPSR 8346 Page 23 CLASS B: POST OFFICES NOT CORRESPONDING TO OTHER LOCATIONAL ENTITIES Post office names included in this class are only those which do not identify entries included in FIPS 55 under anor class. An example is 'Franklin D Roosevelt", a postal station in New York City. There are no subclasses. CLASS S: SURFACE TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES Types of facilities included are stations; depots, docks, loading and unloading points, switching points, spurs, sidings, junctions, and yards. There are no subclasses GROUP 5: OBSOLETE OR INCORRECT NAMES There is only one class of this type. its CLASS X: OBSOLETE OR INCORRECT NAMES An entry in this category may be referenced from "or name code" of one-for-one replacement, if any. Subclasses are: entity. code". X1: entity abolished and not absorbed by anor surviving X2: name of entity changed; new name referenced by "or name X3: name of entity incorrect or less preferred; correct or preferred name referenced by "or name code". X4: entity absorbed by one surviving entity; surviving entity referenced by "part of code". X5: entity absorbed by more than one surviving entity; two of

31 surviving entities referenced by "part of code" and "or name code". X6: entity may continue to exist but is being dropped as not pertinent. 1 Page 24 ICPSR 8346 TABLE 1 TAPE DATA SUMMARY (Sixth Update Tape) FIPS State or Number Number Seq. Code State Equivalent of Entries of Records 1 01 Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan

32 24 27 Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont ICPSR 8346 Page Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming American Samoa Guam Norrn Mariana Is Puerto Rico Trust Territory of Pacific Is Virgin Islands of U.S United States