EIE 528 Power System Operation & Control(2 Units)

Transcription

1 EIE 528 Power System Operation & Control(2 Units) Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Covenant University

2 1. EIE EIE 528 Power System Operation & Control(2 Units) Overview of power system operation and control: Basic objectives of security and economics in power system operations and control, main techniques currently used in the operation and control of power systems. Resource Scheduling and commitment: Unit commitment in power plants, fuel scheduling in thermal power plants, management of storage hydro electric releases. Operation planning: Reactive power planning, PLCs, SCADA. Economic Operation of power systems: economic distribution of loads between plants, B coefficients and penalty factors, etc. Power system control: Automatic Generator Control (AGC), Real power and frequency control, voltage and reactive power control. Computer and expert systems applications in power systems. LIST OF LABORATORIES & EQUIPMENT a. Available Laboratories Applied Electricity &Electronics laboratory Telecommunication laboratory Microprocessor application laboratory Microwave laboratory Control and Instrumentation laboratory Electrical Power & machines laboratory High voltage laboratory Printed Circuit Board (PCB) workshop Computation laboratory 10. Renewable energy laboratory The laboratories serve the various need of the three programmes offered in the Department. b. Equipment/Facilities in the Laboratories

3 The EIE laboratories are equipped with educational training kits by Feedback Instruments, UK, Cussons, UK, LPKF, and other renowned companies. The training kits are designed into various boards and modules which are usually patched using connecting wires to achieve various experimental format and designs depending on the title of the experiments. The following are brief on the available laboratories and equipment: 1.APPLIED ELECTRICITY LABORATORY In this laboratory, students are introduced to the world of electrical engineering and its applications to real life situation via experiments. They verify and confirm most of the concepts, laws, hypothesis and theories in electrical engineering; for example, Ohms law; Kirchoffs law; Maximum power transfer theorem; Thevenins theorem; etc. In addition, students are introduced to electrical and electronics engineering materials, components, tools, laboratory equipment and how to use them; for example analogue and digital multi meters, oscilloscopes, function generators, spectrum analyzers, logic probes, etc. The aim is to give students systematic idea of electrical engineering and helping them master the principles and laws as well as the methods for applying knowledge gained. Students also acquire basic knowledge about wide spread electrical devices, systems and as well as the knowledge about main electronic elements including introduction to instrumentation systems, semiconductor technology and applications, power supply systems, basic amplifier and controls, etc. All registered year 2 engineering students in Covenant University come to this laboratory to experience and be familiar with basic electrical and electronics engineering knowledge and its application to various fields in engineering. The list of equipment that can be found in the laboratory is shown in Table 1. Table 1: Equipment in Applied Electricity Laboratory 2. TELECOMMUNICATION LABORATORY The telecommunication laboratory houses the basic trainers and modules to experiments on the

4 fundamentals topics in telecommunication courses. The purpose of the trainers and modules are to enable the students to acquire a clear experimental view of the basic concepts and familiarization with the operative aspects of the work in telecommunication laboratory. The following equipment that can be found in the laboratory are shown in Table 2. Table 2: Telecommunication Laboratory Equipment 3. MICROPROCESSOR APPLICATIONS LABORATORY Microprocessor Applications laboratory is dedicated to digital engineering systems and experiments. Students of computer engineering programme patronize the laboratory to carry out research and conduct experiments on various digital systems designs. Most of the equipment are software driven and are in most cases programming equipment. Table 3 lists some of the equipment. Table 3: Microprocessor Application Laboratory Equipment 4. MICROWAVE LABORATORY The microwave laboratory experiments are designed for students in Information & Communication Technology (ICT) programme and are particularly assembled together to enables students to familiarize themselves with the basics waveguide components making up microwave systems.

5 The laboratory is equipped with relevant trainer, demonstrators, educators, and tools which will allow students to undertake experiments in antenna propagation systems, antenna topology and applications, broadcast engineering, transmission line parameters, etc. Below are list of all equipments available in the microwave laboratory. Table 4: Equipments in the Microwave Laboratory 5. CONTROL AND INSTRUMENTATION LABORATORY Control and Instrumentation engineering is an integral part of Electrical and Information Engineering training facilities for our students. The laboratory is very crucial to the study and learning of electrical engineering and its various applications because several engineering application fields require measurement for control, following the adage: What you cant measure you cant control. The field of instrumentation encompasses all instrumentation that form an integral part of a process segment to maintain a function. The laboratory is designed specifically for Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Computer Engineering students requiring a basic understanding of the principles of industrial measurements and process control. Table 5 is the list of equipment available in the laboratory. Table 5: Control & Instrumentation Laboratory Equipment

6 6. COMPUTATION LABORATORY In many areas of science and engineering, computation has become an indispensable tool for advancement of knowledge. The objective of setting up the computation laboratory is to make students understood and appreciate the process of mastering computational science tools, such as 3D visualization and computer simulation, efficient handling of large data sets; ability to access a variety of distributed resources and collaborate with other experts. Most of the equipment are software driven and are in most cases computer and simulation packages. Table 6 lists some of the equipment. Table 6: Computation Laboratory Equipment 7. ELECTRICAL POWER AND MACHINES LABORATORY The laboratory is specially designed for those specializing in Electrical and Electronics Engineering. It houses power systems measurement experiment kits and power range of electrical machine trainers. Power supplies, electrical loading and virtual instrumentation are all provided in the form of panels which are mounted into a purpose-designed, bench-standing frame. The panels can be arranged in an order convenient to the user as they can easily be slotted in and out of the frame. Table 7: Power Systems and Machine Laboratory Equipment

7 8. HIGH VOLTAGE LABORATORY High voltage Engineering deals with the physical behavior of electric power equipment and systems for production, transmission and the use of electrical energy, and also with the construction and characteristics of these equipment and systems. The development of HV system and the interest it had generated in power industry has revolutionalized the energy sector economy worldwide, because without the development and deployment of High voltage systems, it would have been too expensive if not impossible to transport electrical energy to various points of use. Therefore, the advantage of high voltage technology cannot be over emphasized. Generally speaking, most of the high-voltage laboratories are dedicated to researching into insulation properties of Electrical Engineering equipment and materials specifically high voltage equipment and systems and also for carrying out various reliability tests on high voltage equipment, cables, etc. Usually, electrical Insulation and process that take place in electric power supplies at operating voltages and over voltages are of primary interest of the high voltage laboratory activities. This include studies and modeling of material properties in electric fields, material ageing, discharges and breakdown in gases, liquid, solid and complicated insulating systems. Part of the benefits accruing from the establishment of the High-voltage Laboratory includes: To provide students with methods and techniques for the generation of high-voltages (both ac and dc) during Laboratory experiments. To expose the students to the demand of safety in high voltages installation and operation globally. To provide students with a total understanding in measuring techniques in high voltage alternating current (ac), direct current (dc) and transient voltages as well as methods for measuring loses and discharges and how to use them in practical applications. To provide opportunity for our Postgraduate students in advanced research in power systems equipment design, simulation, modeling and other production techniques and analysis, etc. To provide training, researches and testing centres for power industries, utility organizations, research institutes, manufacturing industries to carry out high voltage tests for their equipment.

8 Table 8: High Voltage (HV) Laboratory Equipment 9. PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD (PCB) LABORATORY This is a unique Laboratory which enjoys a broad range of applications. It houses the LPKF prototyping tool which is the state-of-the-art PCB prototyping. The Laboratory enables engineering and research groups to build a prototype, test it, modify the design and construct a new prototype. Table 9: Printed Circuit Board (PCB) Laboratory 10. ENERGY LABORATORY The laboratory is aimed at the various study of energy including renewable energy and energy efficiency research and development (R & D). It is committed for research for products, systems and/or services that focus and influence energy conversation, renewable energy and efficient generation markets. The principal list of equipment in the energy laboratory is shown in Table 10.

9 Table 10: Energy Laboratory Equipment RESEARCH CLUSTERS The research in the Department covers a very broad spectrum of activities, and is carried out in a range of fully equipped general purpose and specialized laboratories. In addition to the laboratories there is a central workshop facility. The recent acquisition of the Printed Circuit Board (PCB) workshop facilitates the construction and maintenance of projects and research findings. The research activities are centred around the various research clusters/groups; while these groups are self managing there is routine collaboration between groups on specific projects. In addition, the Department makes use of research committee to review its overall priorities and interests. The research groups currently operating in the Department are as follows: Electrical Power Systems Group Electrical Machines & Drives Group High Voltage Engineering Group Control, Automation, and Robotics Group Electronics Engineering Group Digital Systems and Computer Engineering Group Information and Communication Technology Group Brief summaries of the research coverage of the groups are as follows: a. Electrical Power Systems Group The research cluster works within the field of electrical power systems engineering. The facilities available to the group include among others, High Voltage laboratory and modern renewable energy equipment. The group research interests include the following: ICT/software applications to electrical power management & optimization.

10 Power system economics. Power system investment management planning. Electric energy industry restructuring. Reliability modeling for electrical components. Energy conservation and optimization. Renewable energy. Power flow control using FACTS Devices. Integration of distributed generation to grid system. b. Electrical Machines & Drives Group The research group is concerned with problems associated with the electrical machines and drives. This include all kinds of machines including transformers, special motors such as stepping motors, superconducting alternators, switched reluctance motors, together with broad developments in the prediction of system dynamics and stability, electromagnetic analysis, and optimization techniques. The emphasis of the group is on: Electronic control of electric motors and drives. Design and optimization of electric machines. Computational studies in the areas of electromagnetic and machine dynamics. Application of microprocessor based intelligence and new power electronics to the control of a complete drive system. c. High Voltage Engineering Group The group activity centres upon a study of physical mechanisms leading to electrical breakdown of high voltage (hv) systems and their characterization. The Department is equipped with high voltage laboratory comprising of: hv equipment test kits, PC based recorder, & analyzer,

11 application software, etc. The hv laboratory is capable of generating up to 420kV impulse voltage, and 140kV DC voltage. The research interests of the group include: The rate of build up of current and space charge in an electrode gap between transmission lines. Electron emission under high electric fields in compressed gases. The influence of a crossed field magnetic field on the ionization and breakdown voltage of air, oxygen, SF6, etc. d. Control, Automation and Robotics Group The group is principally concerned with automation, control systems, signal processing and industrial robotics. They are also involved with the theoretical and practical aspects sampled data systems and digital filtering. The research interests include: Modeling and simulation of dynamic systems. Motion control of robotics manipulators. Design of industrial control systems. Robotics and programmable assembly. Control theory and applications of software to power systems. e. Electronics Engineering Group The group is concerned with the topics of high frequency (h.f.) techniques, hf and microwave radar, mobile radio propagation and interference and signal processing. The research activities in the group span the areas of material technology, solid state devices, circuit applications, modeling, fundamental studies in propagation, new signal processing techniques, and the development of transducers and displays. Current research activities are centred on: Design of low cost/low power transceivers. Development of remote controller over the GSM networks.

12 Low cost rural mobile communication. Device modeling. Microwave subsystems. f. Digital Systems and Computer Engineering Group The research cluster has been set up to support a variety of research and development work in computer hardware and software with the Department. The group activities focus attention on signal processing and algorithm development for applications in communications. Current research activities include: Industrial applications of microprocessors in expert systems. Network efficiency, management and VoIF. Computer systems and networking. Surveillance and security systems. Microprocessor system applications. Data network optimizations. Biometrics and cryptosystems. Digital signal processing with emphasis on image processing and speech recognition. Network protocols at the application layer and networked distributed databases for small machines, to be applied in office automation and manufacturing. g. Information and Communication Technology Group The group carries out research and design in information and communication technology. These include: speech processing, mobile and satellite communications, and wireless networks. The research interests are many and include the following: Creation of indigenous corpora in 9ja English for training automatic speech recognition engines.

13 Design and development of ASR engines for deployment in indigenous context. Wireless security. Information theory analysis of languages. Satellite tracking systems. Surveillance and security systems. Rural communication network. Virtual laboratory research in ICT education. Neutral network for signal processing. New generation wireless technologies and applications. Health informatics. Next Generation Access (Air-Interface) Technologies GRADING SYSTEM Class Test/Assignments = 20 marks30% Mid-semester Test =10 marks Examination End of Semester Examination =70 marks 70% 100% Interpretation of GradePoints A = 70 and above5

14 B = C = D = E = Below 450 DEGREE CLASSIFICATION Classes of degree are to be awarded depending on the cumulative GPA obtained. The classes of degree that may be awarded are First Class Honours, Second Class Honours (Upper Division), and Second Class Honours (Lower Division), Third Class Honours.