Roadmap for Wearable Standards

Transcription

1 Roadmap for Wearable Standards Jesse S. Jur Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry & Science next (nano-extended textiles) research group Expanding the Influence of Nanotechnology in Textiles 1 2

2 Research/Education Structure Technology Innovation Through Engineering Design Materials Innovation Textile Electronic Systems Project-based Education Materials Design for Today Technologies Wearable Systems Industry-Inspired Projects (Undergraduate) Non-Wearable Systems E-Textile Systems (Graduate Education) Next-Gen Materials for Tomorrow System Standards & Human Scenario Testing Wearables for Animals (K-12 Curriculum) 3 next (nano-extended textiles) research group Expanding the Influence of Nanotechnology in Textiles 4

3 Wearable Technology Roadmap From Lab to Market MinistryofTrade,Industry&EnergyofKorea 5 StandardsfromProductIdeatotheMarket,NCStateStandardsWorkshop,GordonGillerman 6

4 Hype Cycle for Wearable Tech Hype Cycle for Wearable Tech Other Important Hype Cycles: Battery Technology Energy Harvesting Internet of Things Computation Devices Communication Providers of wearables are generally not meeting expectations set in the media and are no longer buoyed by hype. Gartner 7 Gartner 8

5 Hype Cycle for Wearable Tech Hype Cycle for Wearable Tech Successful depends on: integration with parallel ecosystems for (health, entertainment content, IoT solutions, connected home or finance) encourage long-term use via incentives, new content, online groups, or organizations use data analysis, while respecting user privacy. The return on investment from actual business cases is still being proven. Most devices on the Hype Cycle for wearable devices have a moderate benefit rating. Gartner 9 Gartner 10

6 Textile Electronic Wearables Today Barriers to Smart Garments/Textile Electronics Jess, to be honest no one in this industry is making any money because there is not yet a market need. - Innovation Director at large E-textile manufacturer* *Verified by multiple times by CEO & CTOs Takeaways: For the moment, we are in a busy space. Conflicting Industry Goals Supply Chain Disruption Broad Market Factors Manufacturing Standards Electronics Industry :: Function First Textiles Industry :: Comfort First Transparency Market Research Our industry has a use-case problem that needs to be solved (quickly) before parallel technology threats outpace smart garment maturation. Our industry needs to be predictive on use-cases so we can guide regional and global R&D it will also help with the $$$

7 Supply Chain Disruption Current push is to reduce product cycles from 18 months to just a few weeks!!! Standards Formation of a global competitive marketplace Influence on: Conformity within global trade Interoperability for enhanced medical relevance Competitive marketplace/benchmarks Early industry adoption Customization = Local Manufacturing

8 From Lab to Market: Standards Development International Standards StandardsfromProductIdeatotheMarket,NCStateStandardsWorkshop,GordonGillerman 15 StandardizationactivitiesonWearableSmartDevices(WSD)inIEC,NCStateStandardsWorkshop,TadashiEzaki 16

9 U.S. Standards System vs. Other Countries U.S. Standards System reliable flexible responsive Market driven Flexible and sector-based Industry-led and government-supported This system is designed to... Support a broad range of stakeholder engagement Address emerging priorities and new technologies Allow stakeholders to find the solutions that best fit their respective needs As defined in the United States Standards Strategy AnIntroduction:AmericanNationalStandardsInstitute&UnitedStatesStandardsSystem,NCStateStandardsWorkshop,TonyZertuche 17 AnIntroduction:AmericanNationalStandardsInstitute&UnitedStatesStandardsSystem,NCStateStandardsWorkshop,TonyZertuche 18

10 Standards Trade Barriers Overly prescriptive or unique standards Duplicative or burdensome testing or inspection procedures Difficulty in knowing how to comply with mandatory requirements Labeling requirements that are not meaningful or are misleading Concerns about release of proprietary information during testing Product bans (not justified by science; may be discriminatory) Copyright 2010RockwellAutomation,Inc.Allrightsreserved. Standards&Trade,NCStateStandardsWorkshop,EileenHill 19 StandardsfromProductIdeatotheMarket,NCStateStandardsWorkshop,GordonGillerman 20

11 Challenge: Developing the Use Case Best Use-Case Scenario data closed loop health 21 Needs Customization Quick-to-Consumer High Reliability Fusion Designers 22

12 What this looks like Standards Needs System Design: Use-case/Risk Assessment Interoperability Components: Sensors Communication Interconnects Connectors Textile 23 24

13 Wearable Factors System Level Standards Device Compatibility Data: Low Power & Visualization Form Factor: Flexible Materials & Integration Relevance: Perception of Technology 25 26

14 Electronic Textile System Design IEC TC 100: AV multimedia systems & equipment Historical Products Health Support Products 27 StandardizationactivitiesonWearableSmartDevices(WSD)inIEC,NCStateStandardsWorkshop,TadashiEzaki 28

15 AAL Use Case Example Scenario: the searching system of the person with cognitive impairment who walks around finds him in early stage with secure data management system AAL Use Case Scenario Scenario: the searching system of the person with cognitive impairment who walks around finds him in early stage with secure data management system Watch type wearable device can; track the older person s location in everywhere, assist for navigation, instruction and communication in everywhere, watch health condition not only for older persons but also for all in everywhere. StandardizationactivitiesonWearableSmartDevices(WSD)inIEC,NCStateStandardsWorkshop,TadashiEzaki 29 StandardizationactivitiesonWearableSmartDevices(WSD)inIEC,NCStateStandardsWorkshop,TadashiEzaki 30

16 System Design Standards Risk Assessment (inemi Guidance) IEC Medical electrical equipment Evaluation Gaps of Wearables NCStateStandardsWorkshop,TadashiEzaki,J.McNulty 31 StandardizationactivitiesonWearableSmartDevices(WSD)inIEC,NCStateStandardsWorkshop,TadashiEzaki 32

17 What s needed? Relevant use-case scenarios System Components 33 34

18 Wearable Product Platforms Trends: Detachable puck for heart of electronics & battery necessary for washing. High gauge wires for interconnecting devices to heart of electronics moving to conductive inks. Conductive fabrics used of biopotential sensors. Some move to conductive inks and silicones. Complicated processing results in high cost and low product throughput. Call for automation, but investment price is not yet justified. High shelf cost for maintaining inventory. Evolution of Materials Conductive yarns: good availability; textile-like; complacent in materials innovation (no market need); challenging retrofit application Conductive Pastes high materials & process innovation (flexible electronic markets); polyurethane & PVA growth; Retro-fit application Conductive Inks (ink-jet) Improved materials/performance cost vs. screen print; back to fiber-level integration; multilayer device design capable Vapor Phase Processing Broad materials scope; patterning techniques well established in flex circuitry and semiconductor industry

19 Evolution of Materials Evolution of Materials Conductive yarns: good availability; textile-like; complacent in materials innovation (no market need); challenging retrofit application Conductive Pastes high materials & process innovation (flexible electronic markets); polyurethane & PVA growth; Retro-fit application Conductive Inks (ink-jet) Improved materials/performance cost vs. screen print; back to fiber-level integration; multilayer device design capable Vapor Phase Processing Broad materials scope; patterning techniques well established in flex circuitry and semiconductor industry. Conductive yarns: good availability; textile-like; complacent in materials innovation (no market need); challenging retrofit application Conductive Pastes high materials & process innovation (flexible electronic markets); polyurethane & PVA growth; Retro-fit application Conductive Inks (ink-jet) Improved materials/performance cost vs. screen print; back to fiber-level integration; multilayer device design capable Vapor Phase Processing Broad materials scope; patterning techniques well established in flex circuitry and semiconductor industry. Use in Textile Electronics today (probably) Use in Textile Electronics In-fiber Devices Time 37 Time 38

20 Case Study: Printed Materials w ink w tpu 39 M. Yokus, R. Foote and J. S. Jur IEEE Sensors (2016) M. Yokus and J. S. Jur IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering (2016) 40

21 Strategic Design Optical Testing increasing arm length 1 mm 41 42

22 Optical Testing Ag Ink on Knit Fabric Optical Testing: Coating Efficiency Edge Resolution Voids/Pin Holes 2 mm 2 mm 2 mm 2 mm 43 44

23 Optical Testing During Mechanical Strain Ag Ink on Knit Fabric Optical Testing During Mechanical Strain Ag Ink on TPU Film 0% strain 10% strain 20% strain 30% strain 40% strain 50% strain 60% strain 70% strain 80% strain 90% strain 100% strain 110% strain 2 mm 2 mm 45 46

24 Optical Testing Cross-Section Electro-Mechanical Testing 47 48

25 Electro-Mechanical Testing: Cyclical Strain Electro-Mechanical Testing: Cyclical Strain Ag/AgCl on TPU Ag/AgCl on TPU on Knitted Fabric Ag/AgCl on TPU on Knitted Fabric Ag/AgCl on TPU on Knitted Fabric w/ TPU Encapsulation 49 50

26 Electro-Mechanical Testing Testing for the Human Scenario 10% pre-strain+10% oscillation strain, 1000 cycles shirt on shirt off wearing shirt M. Yokus and J. S. Jur IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering (2016) M. Yokus, R. Foote and J. S. Jur IEEE Sensors (2016) ohms R (initial vs. final) Self-healing effect observed 100 wash cycles M. Yokus, R. Foote and J. S. Jur (In Review, 2016) 52

27 Biopotential Electrode: Impedance Testing Impedance Testing examines the frequency range that a measurement can be made that has a low noise. Low Noise = Low Frequency = Reduced Data = Reduced Power = Longevity of Use Biopotential Electrode Testing ink-printed dry electrodes skin-electrode impedance test (reference as a 3M red-dot electrode) 53 54

28 IRB Approved Data Collection Data Analysis Protocol 1 Activities of Daily Life: 20 participants Protocol 2 Muscle Activation:10 participants Waving Motion w/ E. Lobaton (NC State) 55 w/ E. Lobaton (NC State) 56

29 Other Platforms Key Takeaways A sustainable window exists but, it is a crowded space with competitive technologies. Onesie with spacers Onesie with elastic inlay. Two electrodes on the back Follow the design process and develop standards that evolve from relevant use case scenarios. Onesie with elastic inlay and 6 electrodes on the front 57 58

30 Get involved! Thank You! TC124: Wearable Electronic Devices and Technologies (originated from smb AhG 56 & SG 10) Contact: Shuji Hirakawa - shuji.hirakawa@ieee.org D13 Subcommittee on Smart Textiles Contact: Jennifer Rodgers - jrodgers@astm.org Sandeep Khatua - sandeep.khatua@us.bureauveritas.com RA111 Electrically Integrated Textile Test Methods (2016) Contact: Diana Wyman - Diana@aatcc.org Conductive Thread/Yarn and Smart Textiles (2016) Contact: ChrisJorgensen@ipc.org Group Website: Linkedin: 59 next (nano-extended textiles) research group Expanding the Influence of Nanotechnology in Textiles 60