Principles of Engineering

Transcription

1 Principles of Engineering 2004 (Fifth Edition) Clifton Park, New York All rights reserved 1

2 The National Academy of Sciences Standards: 1.0 Science Inquiry 1.1 Ability necessary to do scientific inquiry 1.2 Understandings about scientific inquiry 2.0 Physical Science 2.1 Structure of atoms 2.2 Structure and properties of matter 2.3 Chemical reactions 2.4 Motions and forces 2.5 Conservation of energy and increase in disorder 2.6 Interactions of energy and matter 3.0 Life Science 3.1 The cell 3.2 Molecular basis of heredity 3.3 Biological evolution 3.4 Interdependence of organisms 3.5 Matter, energy, and organization in living systems 3.6 Behavior of organisms 4.0 Science and Technology 4.1 Abilities of technological design 4.2 Understandings about science and technology 5.0 Science in Personal and Social Perspectives 5.1 Personal and community health 5.2 population growth 5.3 Natural resources 5.4 Environmental quality 5.5 Natural and human-induced hazards 5.6 Science and technology in local, national, and global challenges 6.0 History and Nature of Science 6.1 Science as a human endeavor 6.2 Nature of scientific knowledge 2

3 6.3 Historical perspectives The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics Standards: 1.0 Numbers and Operations 1.1 Understand numbers, ways of representing numbers, relationships among numbers, and number systems 1.2 Understand the meaning of operations and how they relate to each other 1.3 Use computational tools and strategies fluently and estimate appropriately 2.0 Patterns, Functions, and Algebra 2.1 Understand various types of patterns and functional relationships 2.2 Use symbolic forms to represent and analyze mathematical situations and structures 2.3 Use mathematical models and analyze change in both real and abstract contexts 3.0 Geometry and Spatial Sense 3.1 Analyze characteristics and properties of two- and three-dimensional geometric objects 3.2 Select and use different representational systems, including coordinate geometry and graph theory 3.3 Recognize the usefulness of transformations and analyzing mathematical situations 3.4 Use visualization and spatial reasoning to solve problems both within and outside of mathematics 4.0 Measurement 4.1 Understand attributes, units, and systems of measurements 4.2 Apply a variety of techniques, tools, and formulas for determining measurements 5.0 Data Analysis, Statistics, and Probability 3

4 5.1 Pose questions and collect, organize, and represent data to answer those questions 5.2 Interpret data using methods of exploratory data analysis 5.3 Develop and evaluate inferences, predictions, and arguments that are based on data 5.4 Understand and apply basic notions of chance and probability 6.0 Problem Solving 6.1 Build new mathematical knowledge through their work with problems 6.2 Develop a disposition to formulate, represent, abstract, and generalize in situations within and outside mathematics 6.3 Apply a wide variety of strategies to solve problems and adapt the strategies to new situations 6.4 Monitor and reflect on their mathematical thinking in solving problems 7.0 Reasoning and Proof 7.1 Recognize reasoning and proof as essential and powerful parts of mathematics 7.2 Make and investigate mathematical conjectures 7.3 Develop and evaluate mathematical arguments and proofs 7.4 Select and use various types of reasoning and methods of proof as appropriate 8.0 Communication 8.1 Organize and consolidate their mathematical thinking to communicate with others 8.2 Express mathematical ideas coherently and clearly to peers, teachers, and others 8.3 Extend their mathematical knowledge by considering the thinking and strategies of others 8.4 Use the language of mathematics as a precise means of mathematical expression 9.0 Connections 4

5 9.1 Recognize and use connections among different mathematical ideas 9.2 Understand how mathematical ideas build on one another to produce a coherent whole 9.3 Recognize, use, and learn about mathematics in contexts outside of mathematics 10.0 Representation 10.1 Create and use representations to organize, record, and communicate mathematical ideas 10.2 Develop a repertoire of mathematical representations that can be used purposefully, flexibly, and appropriately 10.3 Use representations to model and interpret physical, social, and mathematical phenomena International Technology Education Association Standards: 1.0 The Nature of Technology 1.1 Students will develop an understanding of the characteristics and scope of technology. 1.2 Students will develop an understanding of the core concepts of technology. 1.3 Students will develop an understanding of the relationships among technologies and connections between technology and other fields of study. 2.0 Technology and Society 2.1 Students will develop an understanding of the cultural, social, economic, and political effects of technology. 2.2 Students will develop an understanding of the effects of technology on the environment. 2.3 Students will develop an understanding of the role of society in the development and use of technology. 2.4 Students will develop an understanding of the influence of technology on history. 5

6 3.0 Design 3.1 Students will develop an understanding of the attributes of design. 3.2 Students will develop an understanding of engineering design. 3.3 Students will develop an understanding of the role of troubleshooting, research and development, invention and innovation, and experimentation in problem solving. 4.0 Abilities for a Technological World 4.1 Students will develop the abilities necessary to apply the design process. 4.2 Students will develop the abilities to use and maintain technological products and systems. 4.3 Students will develop the abilities to assess the impact of products and systems. 5.0 The Designed World 5.1 Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and use medical technologies. 5.2 Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and use agricultural and related biotechnologies. 5.3 Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and use energy and power technologies. 5.4 Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and use information and communication technologies. 5.5 Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and use transportation technologies. 5.6 Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and use manufacturing technologies. 5.7 Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and use construction technologies. 6

7 Principles of Engineering Unit 1: Definition and Types of Engineering Lesson 1.1 Engineers as Problem Solvers Past, Present and Future Lesson 1.2 Engineering Team Lesson 1.3 Careers in Engineering Engineering Engineering Technology Distinction between Engineering and Engineering Technology Unit 2: Communication and Documentation Lesson 2.1 Sketching Lesson 2.2 Technical Writing Engineer s Notebook Technical Reports Style Lesson 2.3 Data Representation and Presentation Lesson 2.4 Presentations Unit 3: Design Process Lesson 3.1 Product Development Problem Identification Design Brief Problem Analysis Information Gathering Alternative Solutions and Optimization Modeling Testing and Evaluation Presentation of Solution Unit 4: Engineering Systems Lesson 4.1 Mechanisms Mechanical Advantage Simple Machines Levers Inclined Plane Wedge Wheel and Axle Pulley Screw Gears 7

8 Cams Linkages Lesson 4.2 Thermodynamics Units Forms of Energy Mechanical Chemical Electromagnetic Nuclear Thermal Solar Energy Conversion Cycles Open Closed Efficiency Energy Loss Conduction Convection Radiation Heat Engines Steam Internal Combustion Turbines Lesson 4.3 Fluid Systems Hydraulic Systems Pascal s Law Components Pneumatic Systems Boyle s Law Components Lesson 4.4 Electrical Systems Electrical Theory Sources of Electromotive Force Ohms Law Kirchhoff s Laws Watt s Law Metering Devices Motors and Generators DC Motor Permanent Magnet Electromagnet Components DC Generator AC Generator Single Phase 8

9 Three Phase AC Motor Synchronous Induction Transformers Single Phase Multi-Phase Electric Transmission Systems Lesson 4.5 Control Systems Open Loop System Closed Loop System Sensors and Actuators Basic Concept of Automation, FMS and System Integration Programming Flow Chart PLC Programmable Logic Control Unit 5: Statics and Strength of Materials Lesson 5.1 Statics Strength of Shapes Forces Static Equilibrium Vectors Free body Diagrams Moments Reaction Forces Trusses Bridges Lesson 5.2 Strength of Materials Properties of Areas Center of Gravity Moments of Inertia Calculating Mass Properties Using CAE Tools Stress Strain Deflection Unit 6: Materials and Materials Testing in Engineering Lesson 6.1 Categories of Materials Metals Alloys Nonmetals Composites Lesson 6.2 Properties of Materials 9

10 Chemical Properties Physical Properties Mechanical Properties Dimensional Properties Lesson 6.3 Production Processes Lesson 6.4 Quality Engineering Statistics Precision Measurement Tools and Techniques Statistical Process Control Lesson 6.5 Material Testing Processes Nondestructive Inspection and Testing Destructive Testing Unit 7: Engineering for Reliability Lesson 7.1 Reliability Determining Failure Rates Identifying Critical Components Redundancy Risk Analysis Factors of Safety Liability and Ethics Lesson 7.2 Case Study Unit 8: Introduction to Dynamics/Kinematics Lesson 8.1 Linear Motion Displacement Velocity Acceleration Lesson 8.2 Trajectory Motion 10