Lesson Plan. Lesson Title: History and Development of Technology: Innovative Applications of Technology in Engineering Part 2

Transcription

1 1 Course Title: Principles of Manufacturing Lesson Plan Lesson Title: History and Development of Technology: Innovative Applications of Technology in Engineering Part 2 Performance Objective: After completing this lesson, students will have an understanding of the factors that affect the evolution of technology, the international effects of technology, how advancements in technology have affected the field of engineering, and the factors that affect the implementation of new ideas to the teacher s satisfaction. Specific Objectives: Identify factors that have affected the evolution of technology Compare the past and present technology contributions from the international arena Discuss how advancements in technology have affected the field of Engineering Identify which factors affect the implementation of new ideas in key technology categories Preparation TEKS Correlations: This lesson, as published, correlates to the following TEKS. Any changes/alterations to the activities may result in the elimination of any or all of the TEKS listed. Principles of Manufacturing: (c)(14)(C)(D)(E)...analyze the international effects of technology;...demonstrate how advancements in technology have affected the field of engineering;...evaluate the factors that affect the implementation of new ideas; Interdisciplinary Correlations: Physics: (c)(2)(A)(B)(C)(D)...know the definition of science and understand that it has limitations, as specified in subsection (b)(2) of this section;...know that scientific hypotheses are tentative and testable statements that must be capable of being supported or not supported by observational evidence. Hypotheses of durable explanatory power which have been tested over a wide variety of conditions are incorporated into theories;

2 2...know that scientific theories are based on natural and physical phenomena and are capable of being tested by multiple independent researchers. Unlike hypotheses, scientific theories are well-established and highly-reliable explanations, but may be subject to change as new areas of science and new technologies are developed;...distinguish between scientific hypotheses and scientific theories; (c)(3)(D)...explain the impacts of the scientific contributions of a variety of historical and contemporary scientists on scientific thought and society; English: (b)(6)(A)(B) expand vocabulary through wide reading, listening, and discussing; rely on context to determine meanings of words and phrases such as figurative language, idioms, multiple meaning words, and technical vocabulary; (b)(7)(A)(I)(J) establish a purpose for reading such as to discover, interpret, and enjoy; use study strategies such as skimming and scanning, note taking, outlining, and using study-guide questions to better understand texts; read silently with comprehension for a sustained period of time. Teacher Preparation: History and Development of Technology is a 2-part lesson. Teachers should review the definitions and all supporting documents such as PowerPoint presentations and notes. References: Fales, Kuetemeyer, Brusic. (2004). Technology: Today and Tomorrow, Glencoe / McGraw-Hill. Wikipedia, Online Encyclopedia Britannica Online Other references as noted in PowerPoint Instructional Aids: 1. PowerPoint presentation - Part 2 2. PowerPoint notes Part 2 3. Matching Definitions handout 4. Warm-up activity (slide 3) 5. Pop Quiz - Key Innovative Technology Concepts 6. Pop Quiz Key Materials Needed: 1. Pen or pencil 2. Paper 3. Internet access (optional)

3 3 Equipment Needed: 1. Computer 2. Overhead projector Learner Preparation: None required. Introduction Introduction (LSI Quadrant I): SAY: Today we will learn about innovative applications of technology. ASK: 150 years ago, what would you have done if you fell and broke your leg? ASK: 150 years ago if you wanted chicken for dinner, how would you prepare it? ASK: More recently, what was life like before the internet and video games? Show: A web page or video game demo or photo of a deck of cards, checkerboard, etc. SAY: People found other ways to get things done and entertain themselves. SAY: Technology has brought dramatic improvements to our lives, and removed much of the manual labor from our day to day living. Outline Outline (LSI Quadrant II): Instructors can use the PowerPoint presentation, slides, handouts, and note pages in conjunction with the following outline. MI Outline Notes to Instructor I. Engineering and Technology terms and definitions A. There are several important terms and definitions students need to know B. Definitions are a great warm-up activity; either have some definitions available on the board for students to write down, or have them do computer based research. Begin History and Development of Technology PPT presentation. Bell Work Activity Slide 2 Have students work on the Bell Work Activity. Warm- Up Activity: Slide 3 Using Matching Definitions handout, students will pair-share and teach each other the terms and definitions. They may do computer-based research to look up the

4 4 meaning. II. Understanding the driving factors in the evolution of technology A. The need for survival of large human populations drove the development of more efficient hunting and farming tools B. Protection of these large population groups required improvement in the construction of shelter C. Protection of these large population groups from other marauding tribes required improvement in the development of weapons technology Provide an overview of driving factors in the evolution of technology Slides 4-5 Each slide is meant to be discussed. Have some background knowledge, and challenge the students to make some contributions to the discussion. III. Past and present international technology contributions A. The impact of animal domestication i. The horse and stirrup ii. Animal domestication for food and labor B. Weapon development i. Bows, arrows and spears ii. Gunpowder and firearms iii. The machine gun C. The impact of global community interaction i. Marco Polo s travels and his contributions to Europe ii. The growth of global populations, and the rise of 3 rd world labor force iii. Increased cost of production labor iv. Global producers competing for their share of the American market Slides 6-10 Strive to get students to identify additional uses of domesticated animals and additional ancient or modern weapons. IV. Technological advancements and it s effect on the field of engineering A. The impact of the personal computer, satellite communications and the internet B. Global competition Slide 11 Select and discuss some of the definitions from the Matching Definitions handout.

5 5 V. Factors affecting the implementation of new ideas in the technology arena A. The influence of multinational corporations B. The impact of international students studying in America Slide 12 VI. Administer quiz Use answer key to grade the quiz. Verbal Linguistic Logical Mathematical Visual Spatial Musical Rhythmic Bodily Kinesthetic Intrapersonal Interpersonal Naturalist Existentialist Application Guided Practice (LSI Quadrant III): Using Matching Definitions Handout, students will pair-share and teach each other the terms and definitions. They may do computer-based research to look up the meaning. Independent Practice (LSI Quadrant III): Students will complete Warm-up Activity, doing computer-based research to look up and match the meaning of words on the handout, writing out definitions on a sheet of paper. Summary Review (LSI Quadrants I and IV): Question: Most of the questions should involve definitions. Answer: They can write or answer orally. Question: What are two advantages of having domesticated animals? Answer: Food and labor source

6 6 Question: What is the result of Global community interaction? Answer: Global competition in the marketplace. Evaluation Informal Assessment (LSI Quadrant III): Oral question/answer. Students will complete definitions teacher has on the board from terms in the Matching Definitions handout. The quiz may be used as an informal assessment tool. Formal Assessment (LSI Quadrant III, IV): No formal assessment in Part 2 of this lesson. Extension Extension/Enrichment (LSI Quadrant IV): 1. Students can write a paper on the value of sterilization of food products. 2. Students can write a paper on the importance of international trade. 3. Students can conduct research on the internet, create a PowerPoint presentation and give a classroom presentation on the evolution of vaccines.

7 7 Name: Date: Class: History and Development of Technology Innovative Applications of Technology in Engineering - Part 2 Matching Definitions Section 1: A. Antibiotics B. Biometrics C. Building code D. Human Genome Project E. Hydraulic power F. International trade G. Irradiation H. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) I. Most-favored-nation treatment J. Multinational Corporation (MNC) K. Nanotechnology L. Pasteurization M. Pneumatic power N. Robotics O. Vaccine P. World Trade Organization (WTO) Section 2: 1. - a drug designed to cure infections and kill harmful bacteria 2. - the use of unique physical or behavioral attributes (fingerprints, retina scans and voice patterns) to verify personal identity 3. - body of rules that govern the design, construction, and repair of buildings 4. - a research project from involving a group of international scientists that successfully identified the genetic content of human chromosomes

8 power transmitted through controlled circulation of pressurized fluid to a motor that converts it to mechanical output so it can be used on a workload (Examples: automotive power steering and brakes, hydraulic jacks and presses, bulldozer blades, cranes) 6. - economic transactions that are made between countries involving items such as consumer goods (TV sets, clothing, appliances), machinery, and food 7. - the use of radiation (X rays or gamma rays) for the sterilization of food or medical products 8. - the use of computer software to produce digital images of the inside of a person's body by means of a strong magnetic field 9. - an agreement between multiple nations to establish equal trading opportunities between them a corporation that is registered and operates in more than one country at a time the development of materials and devices (semi-conductors and robots) on the same size and scale as atoms a method of sterilizing a liquid (like milk or cream) by heating it to a temperature to kill harmful germs and then quickly cooling it down power transmitted through controlled circulation of pressurized air to devices that convert it to mechanical output to be used on a workload (Examples: drills, jackhammers, air brakes, spray painters, etc.) the development of machines that can perform tasks previously done by humans (Examples: elevator operation, aircraft autopilot system, industrial manufacturing, etc.) a microorganism specifically designed to prevent diseases by activating the body s immune system to recognize and eliminate foreign agents (Examples: influenza, smallpox, rabies, etc.) an international organization designed to regulate trade between participating countries by providing a framework for negotiating trade agreements

9 9 History and Development of Technology Innovative Applications of Technology in Engineering - Part 2 Matching Definitions (Answer Key) Section 1: A. Antibiotics B. Biometrics C. Building code D. Human Genome Project E. Hydraulic power F. International trade G. Irradiation H. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) I. Most-favored-nation treatment J. Multinational Corporation (MNC) K. Nanotechnology L. Pasteurization M. Pneumatic power N. Robotics O. Vaccine P. World Trade Organization (WTO) Section 2: 1. (A.) Antibiotics - a drug designed to cure infections and kill harmful bacteria 2. (B.) Biometrics - the use of unique physical or behavioral attributes (fingerprints, retina scans and voice patterns) to verify personal identity 3. (C.) Building code - body of rules that govern the design, construction, and repair of buildings 4. (D.) Human Genome Project - a research project from involving a group of international scientists that successfully identified the genetic content of human chromosomes

10 10 5. (E.) Hydraulic power - power transmitted through controlled circulation of pressurized fluid to a motor that converts it to mechanical output so it can be used on a workload (Examples: automotive power steering and brakes, hydraulic jacks and presses, bulldozer blades, cranes) 6. (F.) International trade - economic transactions that are made between countries involving items such as consumer goods (TV sets, clothing, appliances), machinery, and food 7. (G.) Irradiation - the use of radiation (X rays or gamma rays) for the sterilization of food or medical products 8. (H.) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) - the use of computer software to produce digital images of the inside of a person's body by means of a strong magnetic field 9. (I.) Most-favored-nation treatment - an agreement between multiple nations to establish equal trading opportunities between them 10. (J.) Multinational Corporation (MNC) - a corporation that is registered and operates in more than one country at a time 11. (K.) Nanotechnology - the development of materials and devices (semiconductors and robots) on the same size and scale as atoms 12. (L.) Pasteurization - a method of sterilizing a liquid (like milk or cream) by heating it to a temperature to kill harmful germs and then quickly cooling it down 13. (M.) Pneumatic power - power transmitted through controlled circulation of pressurized air to devices that convert it to mechanical output to be used on a workload (Examples: drills, jackhammers, air brakes, spray painters, etc.) 14. (N.) Robotics - the development of machines that can perform tasks previously done by humans (Examples: elevator operation, aircraft autopilot system, industrial manufacturing, etc.) 15. (O.) Vaccine - a microorganism specifically designed to prevent diseases by activating the body s immune system to recognize and eliminate foreign agents (Examples: influenza, smallpox, rabies, etc.) 16. (P.) World Trade Organization (WTO) - an international organization designed to regulate trade between participating countries by providing a framework for negotiating trade agreements

11 11 Name: Date: Class: History and Development of Technology Innovative Applications of Technology in Engineering - Part 2 Quiz 1. What was one of the key driving forces in the evolution of technology? 2. How did the horse impact early man? 3. What innovation allowed man to settle down and create villages? 4. What technological innovation uses computer software to produce images of the inside of a person's body by means of a strong magnetic field? 5. What is Most-favored-nation treatment? 6. What are Robotics and give examples?

12 12 History and Development of Technology Innovative Applications of Technology in Engineering - Part 2 Quiz (Answer Key) 1. What was one of the key driving forces in the evolution of technology? ANSWER: more efficient methods of food production 2. How did the horse impact early man? ANSWER: by allowing him to migrate and travel great distances 3. What innovation allowed man to settle down and create villages? ANSWER: animal domestication 4. What technological innovation uses computer software to produce images of the inside of a person's body by means of a strong magnetic field? ANSWER: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) 5. What is Most-favored-nation treatment? ANSWER: an agreement between multiple nations to establish equal trading opportunities between them 6. What are Robotics and give examples? ANSWER: the development of machines that can perform tasks previously done by humans. Examples: elevator operation, aircraft autopilot system