Engaging civil society in implemen1ng SDGs

Transcription

1 Engaging civil society in implemen1ng SDGs Smri% Das, PhD Department of Policy Studies TERI University New Delhi, India ASEF Conference October 2016

2 Background MDGs were more about sectoral goals such as health, and educa%on SDGs are holis%c and inclusive focus on triple bonom line principle, to ensure universal peace, through partnerships for ac%on 17 global goals emphasize on inter- linkages Call for unique partnerships between government, business, civil society, and academia Success will depend on how well we are able to engage with people through such partnerships Educa%on is cri%cal to anainment of the 17 global goals People Prosperity Partnerships Planet Peace

3 Se<ng in context: the background Goals finalize goals: where do you want to go (Ambi%ous/ Transforma%ve) fix/set processes: how will you go (Leave no one behind/ Integrated) collec%ve iden%ty: ownership of goals (Universality)

4 The process Communica%on and meaning: deconstruct contextualize Targets and indicators: develop measurable indicators: how do you know you have reached where you wanted to go how did you fare: assessing processes and outcomes sectoral contribu%ons: recognizing interdependencies who were lez out: aggrega%on/disaggrega%on; inclusion/ exclusion

5 The process Processes: Managing and sharing resource Managing stakeholder expecta%ons Monitoring outcomes Evalua%ng outcomes Networking

6 The process Prerequisite Proper and %mely informa%on and sharing of data Financial support Create opportunity for par%cipa%on; ins%tu%onalize dialogue structures to include the marginalized Define stakeholders

7 India s achievements on MDGs Poverty reduc1on target Hunger Enrolment in schools Elimina1ng gender disparity in primary and secondary educa1on, and in all levels of educa1on Under- five mortality achieved Maternal mortality ra1o Comba<ng HIV/AIDs Malaria and others: Close to targets Safe drinking water and sanita%on Partnerships Fell short Close to target Achieved

8 Challenges and opportuni1es Challenges: geography of poverty; increasing inequality; local- global connec%ons; avenues of finance Opportuni%es: convergence of new actors like civil society, philanthropic founda%ons, technology companies; economic, social and human capital to deliver on the ambi%ous agenda

9 Current situa1on in India: Some demographic facts As per Census 2011, the total popula%on of India is million. Rural popula%on cons%tutes 68.8% and Urban popula%on 31.2% Popula%on density is 382. Sex ra%o- 943 per 1000 males. Literacy: million literates; Rural million; Urban: million; Male: million; female: million. Effec%ve literacy rate: 73% (Male: 80.9% and female: 64.6%)

10 Some facts: development Poverty rate: 21% Gender equality index: 0.56 Human development index for SCs: 0.33 Human development index for STs: 0.27 Propor%on of land covered by forest: 24.01% Propor%on of seats held by women in parliament: 12% Growth of economy: annual rate of 7.26 percent over the past five years

11 Changes in the socio- poli1cal context The government has introduced numerous social security and financial inclusion schemes such as the Pradhan Mantri Jan- Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) - to ensure access to financial services, along with schemes for the uplizment of urban and rural poor - by enhancing livelihood opportuni%es through skill development and other means. Educa%on and Skill development programmes targe%ng the youth have also received greater impetus under literacy programmes such as the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan and the recently launched Padhe Bharat, Badhe Bharat.

12 Changes in the socio- poli1cal context The Na%onal Rural Health Mission has strengthened public health systems by increasing community par%cipa%on As part of the Housing for All by 2022 Mission, construc%on of around 20 million houses for the poor and slum dwellers in urban areas has been approved. In 2014, India launched the Clean India mission, a countrywide sanita%on ini%a%ve with an outlay budget of US$9.4 billion.

13 Changes in the socio- poli1cal context Efforts to provide electricity, safe drinking water, telephones and broadband connec%vity to remote villages are also con%nuing and have been enhanced under the Digital India programme. In 2015, the Indian government, with an aim of decentralizing the planning process and enhancing state involvement in economic policy making, replaced the Planning Commission with the Na%onal Ins%tu%on for Transforming India. The NITI Aayog, headed by the Prime Minister is a policy think- tank of the government, which provides strategic and technical advice to the central and the state.

14 Outcome and way forward Increasing par%cipa%on between na%onal and local governments and CSOs (Partnerships) CSOs inherent closeness to the popula%on- especially marginalized and excluded groups- this plaiorm should be harnessed- ins%tu%onalize dialogue spaces where they can come and par%cipate (Inclusion) The dialogue and ac%on space is presently harnessed by Ni% Aayog in its dialogue with the civil society actors. While the efforts were more sectoral in previous %mes, the current efforts are building more on partnerships.

15 Outcome and way forward There is clear dialogue emerging on SDGs, trying to iden%fy the role of actors and organiza%ons in implemen%ng SDGs with clear outcomes. Overall, the civil society efforts have seen a sea change in the efforts. From ini%al five year planning periods where they were more focused on issues of food security and interven%ons were mostly charity based, the organiza%ons have seen phase of development where along with basic needs, focus also shized towards aspects of equity and par%cipa%on.

16 Civil society and SDGs While civil society clearly points out at the manner of inclusion of aspects such as gender, equality with respect to SDGs; broader concerns that are shared now pertain to the implementa%on and delivery aspects. South Asia and India in par%cular has seen strong civil society emergence in terms of: sectoral interven%ons in several areas of opera%on such as energy, livelihood, health, poverty, energy etc. The inclusion of inclusive growth for the last two five year plans in India has also seen tremendous pressure from the civil society and advocacy groups. This group has a huge role in monitoring and ensuring just and equitable outcomes.

17 Civil society and SDGs As far as the means of implementa%on is concerned, effec%ve policy framework seemingly have emerged in over the last decade where transparency and sharing of informa%on (Right to Informa%on) have been emphasized alongside broader goals of poverty eradica%on and fundamental rights to educa%on, health and livelihood. New partnerships have emerged but a lot of ground needs to be covered star%ng primarily from data collec%on, sharing and analysis

18 Some areas of interven1on: Energy Civil society and think tanks have been for a long %me talking about clean fuels and pollu%on and the shiz to CNG in Delhi is an outcome of the civil society effort (much before SDGs) They have also done considerable work in energy access, primarily in off- grid sector: par%cularly through solar NGOs are based placed to facilitate energy interven%on through partnership: between the Govt./Technology suppliers and communi:es/beneficiaries; between financing/ non- financing en::es and communi:es/beneficiaries; between local development authori:es and communi:es/beneficiaries NGOs also are entrusted to take care (largely O & M ac%vi%es) of the energy projects

19 Facilitated solar electrifica%on of villages, schools, rural enterprises, tribal hostels and health centers Awareness for #SDG7 in over villages through a network of village level entrepreneurs (VLEs), partner NGOs and SHGs Steered capacity building of Corporates, NGOs, Women led Self- Help Groups, Home based enterprises and Financial Ins%tu%ons TERI s Ligh1ng a Billion Lives (LaBL), a global ini%a%ve for energy access

20 Ligh1ng a Billion Lives: How it operates? Access to Rural Distribution Channels, Product Innovation, Policy Change Manufacturer Product supply, Warranties, Credit, Spare parts Grass root Partner (NGO) Technical & Business Capacity Building Branding, Marketing & Promotions Linkages with Manufacturers, suppliers & FIs Equipping the EE to provide reliable and responsive after sales maintenance services Awareness, Benefits, New Market Access Energy Enterprise End User Interest buy- down, Facilitation Fee Product Range Lanterns, SMG installations, panels, home light systems, IDES, improved cook stoves, spares and luminaries Local Financial Institution (RRB / MFI) Small Consumer Loans, Interest subsidies

21 Ligh1ng a Billion Lives: Approach for SDGs Use of ICT for monitoring of progress and knowledge sharing Evidence crea%on through scien%fic interven%ons: Project Surya Design of financial instruments to enable uptake of clean technology Dovetailing energy access ini%a%ves in cross- cuong areas Nurturing value chains

22 Establishment of Energy Enterprises/Retailers at block and district levels Right since its inception in 2008, #rural entrepreneurship has been the driving principle at LaBL Village level entrepreneurs who operate and manage solar facili:es SHG and Home Based Enterprises that provide local support

23 Household Ins1tu1onal ASHA Worker Satyabhama Madhai attending to a patient. The lanterns are very useful in conducting medical check ups in the night. Laxmiposa, Odisha Replacement of kerosene wick lamps with solar ligh1ng Replacement of tradi1onal cooksove with Advanced biomass cookstove Solar systems for rural health centers Smart sensor based systems to prevent loss of vaccines Early advocate of Integrated Domes1c Energy Systems

24 The children in my village couldn t read despite being in the fifth standard. I opened a freefor-all tution centre, and solar lighting has helped me tremendously, says Sumitra Majhi, who is the only girl from the village to have cleared class 10th examinations, Ambabeda, Odisha.

25 JEEViKA-TERI Partnership In Bihar over 15,000 women SHG members have partnered with LaBL and secured loans for purchasing solar home light systems

26 Grooming a cadre of experts at grassroots for CC Mi1ga1on Awareness Genera1on Founda1on: Basic opera%ons and management of solar facility Intermediate : Exposure visits, shadowing and technical training Advanced : Blended training for Business skills & Technical skills+ Ini%al handholding+ Value chain linkage Youth Volunteers Work with local partner NGOs: Mobilize communi%es VLEs Provide basic energy services to rural households and enterprises Technicians Undertake maintenance service U^am Urja Kendra Owners Provide employment Install and commission solar systems

27 LaBL is facilita%ng the transi%on of communi%es to cleaner energy solu%ons Small markets in Jagdishpur, usually run on kerosene and paraffin lanterns. Few local entrepreneurs have now invested in the solar micro- grid model and have started to reap big benefits. Local businesses have flourished and customers now experience clean and bright lights in the market.

28 80+ Corporate partners including CPSEs 25+ Financial Ins%tu%ons 25+ Government Ins%tu%ons LaBL is a partner of UN SE4ALL s Clean Energy is Life campaign and Project Surya 80+ Grassroots Ins%tu%ons 25+ Academic & Research Ins%tu%ons 15+ technology Partners Volunteers Village Level Entrepreneurs 250+ Micro enterprises 10+ Mul%lateral and Bilateral Ins%tu%ons

29 Grooming youth for SDGs at TERI University Unique Masters and PhD programs Thousands of graduates working in areas of Climate Change, SDGs, CSR, Business Sustainability & Inter- disciplinary research Short term experien:al learning courses Corporate and Mul%- lateral /Bi- lateral supported: BLISS School and Sustainable Earth Leadership Program (SELP)

30 Emerging roles of civil society Policy Research/Evidence based research Advocacy Data genera%on and sharing Direct implementa%on Awareness genera%on, training, capacity building Monitoring and Evalua%on Ac%on research Partnerships- with government and private actors (hnp://ni%.gov.in/writereaddata/files/sdgsv20- Mapping DG_0.pdf )

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