CAGGNI s DNA Special Interest Group 10 Jan 2015 Al & Michelle Wilson Agenda Survey Basics in Fan Charts Recombination Exercise Triangulation Overview
Survey 1. Have you taken (or sponsored) a DNA test? 2. What kind of test? A. Y-DNA B. Mitochondrial DNA C. Autosomal DNA ( Family Finder, Cousin Finder, Ancestry.com since 2010) 3. What Testing Service? A. Family Tree DNA B. Ancestry.com C. 23andMe D. Genographic Project E. Other 4. Why did you take the DNA test? 5. Have you contacted any of your DNA matches? 6. Have you attempted any triangulation, 3 rd party tools, chromosome mapping, reconstruction of ancestral DNA, or management of a surname project? 7. What can I do with my results?
You and Your Ancestors you male female
Mitochondrial DNA mtdna Inheritance 16,569 bp
Y Chromosome DNA ydna Inheritance 58,000,000 bp 12 marker test, 37 marker test 67, 111, big Y
(Ideal) Autosomal DNA atdna or audna Inheritance 6,400,000,000 bps, test looks at 700,000 locations
Typical Autosomal DNA atdna or audna Inheritance
Ideal vs. Actual Autosomal DNA atdna or audna Inheritance Source - gcbias.org The Coop Lab
Pop Beads Nucleus Exercise!
Nuclear DNA & Autosomal Testing Nucleus Autosomal Chromosomes Pairs 1-22 A-T rich segments show up dark when Giemsa is applied. Sex Chromosomes 10
X Chromosome xdna Inheritance in a Male 1-1-2-3-5-8-13-21. (1, 1 of 2, 2 of 4, 3 of 8, 5 of 16, 8 of 32, 13 of 64, 21 of 128.)
X Chromosome xdna Inheritance in a Female 1-2-3-5-8-13-21-34. (1, 2 of 2, 3 of 4, 5 of 8, 8 of 16, 13 of 32, 21 of 64, 34 of 128.)
Comparing Y-DNA Results: Surname Projects
Finding Cousins with at-dna A Second Cousin Match has been found between you and Kathryn H Compare pedigrees use surname lists in their absence Dad 2 nd cousins should share a set of common Gr-Grandparents Kathryn 14
More Examples Viewer set to show segments of 5+ cm Length of match is measured in centimorgans (cm) 1 st cousins 2nd cousins 3rd cousins Person comparing to five 2 nd cousins who are siblings 15
Your mileage may vary! Centimorgan cm or Map Unit: The distance between chromosome positions for which the expected average crossovers in one generation is 1% Convert cm to % shared: add all shared segments over 5 and divide by 68. 4 4 4 4 4 % Theoretical % Actual, typ. Shared cm, Theo. Relationship 50 50 3400 Parent 50 47-54 3400 Sibling 25 1700 Grandparent, aunt or uncle, half-sibling, double first cousin 12.5 7.3 13.8 850 Great-grandparent, first cousin, great-uncle/aunt, half-aunt/uncle, half-nephew/niece 6.25 3.3 8.5 425 First cousin once removed, half first cousin 3.125 2.85 5.04 213 Second cousin, first cousin twice removed 1.563 0.57 2.54 106 Second cousin once removed, half second cousin 0.781 53 Third cousin, second cousin twice removed 0.391 27 Third cousin once removed 0.195 13 Fourth cousin 0.0977 7 Fourth cousin once removed 0.0488 3.3 Fifth cousin 0.0244 1.7 Fifth cousin once removed 16
Autosomal Family Finder Tests Examines ~700,000 SNPs on the 22 autosomal chromosomes known to vary Persons with lots of identical adjacent SNP locations are likely relations Paper trails are needed to determine the specific relation start with best matches Long shared segments indicate common ancestors Finds matches within about 7 generations beyond the 5x gr-grandparent it is just identifying deep ancestry (same population) Results include Ethnic Percentages Relationship Actual cm segment % IBD % IBS 10 99 1 9 80 20 8 50 50 7 30 70 6 20 80 5 5 95 Source: John Walden Suggested 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 1 st cousin 97% 3% 2 nd 5% 90% 5% 3 rd 10% 70% 30% 10% 5% 4 th 5% 10% 40% 30% 10% 5% 5th 5% 10% 30% 20% 10% 5% Source: Maurice Gleeson 17 17
Third Party Tools: DNAGedcom Autosomal DNA Segment Analyzer (ASDA)
Third Party Tools: GedMatch 1 to many tool
Third Party Tools: GedMatch 1 to 1 tool
Company Comparison Summary DNA Test Family Tree DNA Ancestry DNA 23andMe Y-DNA Offered Big-Y Surname Groups *** Mt-DNA Offered Full Sequence *** At-DNA Offered Chrom. Browser Family Trees Database size ** good huge * ** huge * You see your matches in the Chromosome Browser only if they invite you in. ** Gedcom upload only. Not fully featured. *** mt-dna and Y-DNA haplogroups reported with the At-DNA test
Testing Companies and 3 rd Party Tools Ancestry DNA: http://dna.ancestry.com FT DNA: http://www.familytreedna.com 23andMe: https://www.23andme.com ISOGG: http://www.isogg.org DNAGedCom: http://dnagedcom.com DNAGedMatch: http://v2.gedmatch.com
Blogs & Sites Michelle has found useful Kitty Cooper Kitty Cooper s Blog http://blog.kittycooper.com/ CeCe Moore Your Genetic Genealogist http://www.yourgeneticgenealogist.com/ Blaine Bettinger The Genetic Genealogist http://www.thegeneticgenealogist.com/ Roberta Estes DNA Explained http://dna-explained.com/ Graham Coop Coop Labs (UC Davis) http://gcbias.org/ Dieneke s Anthropology Blog http://dienekes.blogspot.com/ And of course The ISOGG Wiki http://www.isogg.org/wiki/wiki_welcome_page And Wikipedia!