General Layout. Eng. Maha Moddather

Transcription

1 General Layout Eng. Maha Moddather

2 Introduction Concrete Beam subjected to Bending Moment around Major Axis M x Compression d Concrete tensile strength is neglected A S Tension If M x increases increase d or A s

3 Introduction Concrete Beam subjected to Bending Moment around Major Axis d A S M x Compression Compression Concrete tensile strength is neglected A S Tension If d is limited & A s = A smax Use Compression reinforcement

4 Introduction Concrete Beam subjected to Bending Moment around Major Axis A S Concrete strength is neglected d A S I-Beam Section usually used for beams and columns in steel structures

5 Introduction Types of Buildings with respect to Construction Materials Timber Building Concrete Building

6 Introduction Types of Buildings with respect to Construction Materials Combined Steel-Concrete Building Steel Building

7 Introduction Typical Steel Structures Industrial Buildings

8 Introduction Typical Steel Structures Multi-storey Bldgs. Sea Platform

9 Introduction Typical Steel Structures The Chicago Skyscraper Time Warner Center 2003 Skyscrapers

10 Introduction We will study Industrial Buildings this year Steel Frame Steel Truss

11 Introduction Advantages of Steel: Economy Durability Design Flexibility All Weather Construction Easy Repair 100% Recyclable

12 Course Outline Components of Structures and General Layout Bracing Systems Dead & Live Loads Crane & Wind Loads Tension Members Compression Members

13 Course Outline Bracing Members Axially Loaded Columns Beams: Purlins & Side Girts CTG & Monorail Floor Beams Beams - Columns

14 Introduction Preliminary Grading 100% Term Work 30% Final Exam 70% Midterm Exam 15% Sheets 5% Quizes 10%

15 Introduction Steel Sections IPE Sections BFI Sections UPN Sections L Sections T Sections PIPE Sections BOX Sections

16 Introduction Steel Sections

17 General Layout 1. Types of Main Systems 2. Arrangement of Main Systems 3. Roof Slope 4. Roof Covering Materials 5. Side Cover 6. End Gables 7. Bracing System

18 1. Types of Main Systems Columns are allowed on the Boundary of the Area 60 m No columns are allowed at the interior space Clear Height = 7m 20 m 20 m

19 1. Types of Main Systems Systems Simple Beam Rigid Frame Simple Truss Column Truss Frame

20 1. Types of Main Systems Systems Simple Beam Rigid Frame Simple Truss Column Truss Frame Span 7-10m

21 1. Types of Main Systems Systems Simple Beam Rigid Frame Simple Truss Column Truss Frame Span m

22 1. Types of Main Systems Systems Simple Beam Rigid Frame Simple Truss Column Truss Frame Span 15-25m

23 1. Types of Main Systems Systems Simple Beam Rigid Frame Simple Truss Column Truss Frame Span 25-40m

24 1. Types of Main Systems Systems Simple Beam Rigid Frame Simple Truss Column Truss Frame Span 7-10m Span m Span 15-25m Span 25-40m

25 2. Arrangement of Main System Main System parallel to the Short Direction Spacing (S) = 4 7 m Main System 60 m Rigid Frame Short Direction Clear Height = 7m 20 m 20 m

26 2. Arrangement of Main System S = 4 7 m

27 2. Arrangement of Main System Main System

28 2. Arrangement of Main System Rafter / Girder Main System parallel to the Short Direction Spacing (S) = 4 7 m 60 m S = 6 m Columns Clear Height = 7m 20 m 20 m

29 3. Roof Slope To accommodate rain water drainage. Slope 1: 5 1: 15 Clear Height = 7m Slope 1:10 Slope 1: Clear Height = 7m 20 m 20 m

30 3. Roof Slope Slope can reach values equal to: (1:1) in case of bulk material storage. Slope 1:1 Slope 1:1

31 4. Roof Covering Materials Covering Material Flexible Cover Rigid Cover Corrugated Sheets Sandwich Panels R.C. slab Precast Units

32 4. Roof Covering Materials Covering Material Flexible Cover Rigid Cover Corrugated Sheets Sandwich Panels R.C. slab Precast Units

33 4. Roof Covering Materials Covering Material Flexible Cover Rigid Cover Corrugated Sheets Sandwich Panels R.C. slab Precast Units

34 4. Roof Covering Materials Covering Material Flexible Cover Rigid Cover Corrugated Sheets Sandwich Panels R.C. slab Precast Units

35 4. Roof Covering Materials Spacing bt. secondary beams a For Flexible Roof: a 2m For Rigid Roof : a 3m 60 m S = 6 m 10 1 Clear Height = 7m 20 m 20 m Very large area for the covering material Use Secondary Beams

36 4. Roof Covering Materials a = 2 m Used Sections for Purlins: Channel Section Z Section 60 m S = 6 m 10 1 Secondary Beams / Purlins Clear Height = 7m 20 m 20 m

37 4. Roof Covering Materials a = 2 m Corrugated Sheets 60 m S = 6 m 10 1 Secondary Beams / Purlins Clear Height = 7m 20 m 20 m

38 4. Roof Covering Materials Purlin Roof Cover a = 2 m Rafter Refers to the horizontal distance Column 20 m

39 4. Roof Covering Materials Purlin Roof Cover a = 2 m Rafter Refers to the horizontal distance Column 20 m Purlin Top Chord Roof Cover h Purlins should be at Truss Joints Diagonals Column Verticals Bottom Chord B

40 4. Roof Covering Materials Purlin Roof Cover a = 2 m Rafter Refers to the horizontal distance Column 20 m Purlin Roof Cover h H Purlins should be at Truss Joints Column a H = B h 1 m B

41 4. Roof Covering Materials Purlins

42 5. Side Cover Corrugated Sheets Brick Walls

43 5. Side Cover Purlin Roof Cover Side Girt Rafter Side Cover a 2 m Column m Brick Wall 20 m

44 5. Side Cover Side Girts

45 6. End Gables Add End Gable Columns with spacing 4 6 m Roof Cover Purlin Side Girt Rafter Side Cover Column Brick Wall m 20 m

46 6. End Gables Add End Gable Columns with spacing 4 6 m Roof Cover Purlin Rafter Side Girt Side Cover Column Brick Wall End Gable Column m 5 m 5 m 5 m 5 m 20 m

47 6. End Gables 5 m End Gable Column 60 m S = 6 m 20 m

48 6. End Gables Use Side Girts at distance 2.0 m Purlin Rafter Roof Cover Side Girt Side Girt a 2 m Side Cover Column End Gable Column Brick Wall m 5 m 5 m 5 m 5 m 20 m

49 6. End Gables For trusses: End Gable Columns at truss Joints Purlin Rafter Roof Cover Side Girt Side Cover Column Brick Wall End Gable Column m 5 m 5 m 5 m 5 m 20 m

50 6. End Gables Access Doors Purlin Rafter Roof Cover Side Girt Side Girt a 2 m Side Cover Column End Gable Column Brick Wall Access Opening m 5 m 5 m 5 m 5 m 20 m

51 6. End Gables Access Doors Purlin Rafter Roof Cover Side Girt Side Girt a 2 m Side Cover Column Brick Wall Access Opening m 5 m 6 m 5 m 20 m

52 6. End Gables Types of Doors Sliding Door (One side) Roller Shutter Door Sliding Door (Two side)

53 7. Bracing System Bracing system is provided to frames to provide stability under the lateral loads. Frame can support loads in the lateral direction Short Direction

54 7. Bracing System Bracing system is provided to frames to provide stability under the lateral loads. Long Direction

55 7. Bracing System Bracing System includes: Horizontal Bracing: Bracing in a horizontal plane provides a load path to transfer the horizontal forces (wind pressure on the cladding) to the planes of vertical bracing. Vertical Bracing Bracing in vertical planes (between lines of columns) provides load paths to transfer horizontal forces to ground level. Vertical Bracing Horizontal Bracing

56 7. Bracing System Horizontal Bracing Vertical Bracing

57 7. Bracing System Use Bracing at the First and last bays. Use bracing at intermediate bays, if length > 40 m. Intermediate Bay First Bay Last Bay

58 7. Bracing System Vl. Bracing 5 m 7 m Hz. Bracing 60 m Side View Plan

59 7. Bracing System 5 m Vl. Bracing Hz. Bracing Upper Hz. Bracing (U.W.B.) 60 m Side View Lower Hz. Bracing (L.W.B.) Plan at U.W.B. Level

60 Assignment Prepare a General Layout Drawing (Using Ao sheet): Roof Plan: Arrangement of Main System. Arrangement of Purlins. Horizontal Bracing. End Gable Columns Main System Elevation. End Gable Elevation. Side view for Vertical Bracing/ Side Girts.