Introduction 3G (WCDMA)

Transcription

1 VOICE/DATA in 3G/4G Introduction 3G(WCDMA) 요금 초과데이터이용료 (i요금제): 5,000원 /100MB (~2,000원(LTE)) Voice 데이터율 : 12.2kbps x 2( 양방향 ) 183kB/ 분 100원 / 분가정하면, (100원/ 분 )/(183kB/ 분 )=54,600원/100MB 10배이상차이 ( 음성무제한요금제도입 ) 3G (WCDMA) 4G (LTE) 음성 Circuit switching Packet switching 데이터 Packet switching Packet switching VoIP / mvoip / VoLTE VoLTE 품질은어떻게? VoLTE 요금은어떻게? 22

2 Introduction OTHER EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES Mbil Mobile Ad-Hoc AdH Networks Wireless Sensor Networks UWB Cognitive Radio Femtocell Cooperative Communication Visible Light Communication Wireless Power Transmission & Near Field Communication Compressed sensing M2M Communication 23

3 Introduction MOBILE AD-HOC NETWORKS (MANET) What is MANET? A set of mobile hosts capable communication with each other without the assistance of base station. No backbone infrastructure. Routing can be multihop. Topology is dynamic. 24

4 Introduction WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS 25

5 Introduction WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS (cont d) Characteristics of Sensor Network Nodes powered by nonrechargeable batteries Data flows to centralized location Low per-node rates but up to 100, nodes Data highly correlated in time and space 26

6 Introduction UWB UWB-RT (Ultra Wideband Radio Technology) Short-range wireless technology Sharing the existing radio spectrum resources 27

7 Introduction Cognitive Radio Characteristics of Cognitive Radio Communication using unused frequencies Most of the radio frequency spectrum is inefficiently utilized. Detecting unused frequencies 28

8 Introduction Femtocell Characteristics of Femtocell Small cellular base station in residential or small business environments Connected to the network via ADSL, etc. 29

9 Introduction Cooperative Communication Joint Transmission/Reception Improving gperformance of cell edge users 30

10 Introduction Visible Light Communication LED Communications Communication by fast blink of LED lights Using worldwide infrastructure of LED lights 거실 까페 / 레스토랑 31

11 Introduction Wireless Power Transmission & Near Field Communication + 결제, 열쇠, 쿠폰다운, 스마트태그등 32

12 Introduction Compressed Sensing Compressed/Compressive Sensing Sampling less than Nyquist rate Cost down of ADC, saving storage, etc. Compressive sampling on compressible sparse signals 33

13 M-to-M M Communication Introduction Person-to-Person Person-to-Machine Machine-to-Machine 34

14 Cellular Systems CELLULAR SYSTEMS

15 Cellular Systems FUNDAMENTALS OF CELLULAR SYSTEMS Ideal cell area Cell BS MS Alternative shape of a cell MS Hexagonal cell area used in most models Illustration of a cell with a mobile station and a base station 2

16 Cellular Systems CELL SIZE Service area BS BS BS Service area (Zone) BS BS BS Early wireless system: Large zone BS BS Small zone 3

17 Cellular Systems CONTROL/TRAFFIC CHANNELS Downlink / Uplink Control / Traffic Dedicated / Shared Mobile Station Base Station 4

18 Cellular Systems HANDOFF(HANDOVER) REGION Signal strength due to BS i Signal strength due to BS j P i (x) P j (x) P min BS i X 1 E X 3 MS X 5 X th X 4 BS X j 2 5

19 FREQUENCY REUSE Cellular Systems F7 F2 F7 F2 F6 F1 F3 F6 F1 F3 F5 F4 F7 F2 F5 F4 F7 F2 F6 F1 F3 F6 F1 F3 F5 F4 F5 F4 Fx: Set of frequency 7 cell reuse cluster 6

20 Cellular Systems COCHANNEL INTERFERENCE Second tier cochannel Base Station First tier cochannel Base Station D 5 D 6 R D 4 D 2 D 1 Mobile Station D 3 Serving Base Station 7

21 Cellular Systems WORST CASE D 4 D 5 D 6 D 2 D 1 R Mobile Station D 3 Serving Base Station Co-channel Base Station 8

22 Cellular Systems COCHANNEL INTERFERENCE RATIO Cochannel interference ratio Carrier-to-Interference Ratio (CIR) C I Carrier C = = M Interference I k = 1 For cluster size of 7, M=6 6 I k C I = 1 M γ Dk k = 1 R 9

23 Cellular Systems CELL SECTORING c c 120 o 120 o b a b a (a). Omni (b). 120 o sector (c). 120 o sector (alternative) d 90 o a e f 60 o a c b d c b (d). 90 o sector ()60 (e). o sector 10