P r o d u c t O v e r v i e w. Pressure- and Level Measurement. Pressure and Level Sensors for Factory Automation Applications

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1 P r o d u c t O v e r v i e w Pressure- and Level Measurement Pressure and Level Sensors for Factory Automation Applications

2 Your reliable partner for level and pressure applications Intelligent sensor technology covering complex production processes from start to end is the key to constantly optimizing efficiency in industrial production. SICK not only has the complete coordinated technology at hand, but also offers a wide range of modern and efficient sensor technologies. SICK offers a broad portfolio of sensor systems for level and pressure measurement in particular for liquid and bulk solid processes. Contents Industry overview 3 Level and point level measurement 4 Level portfolio 6 Pressure measurement 30 Pressure portfolio 32 LFT guided radar sensor 10 LFV200, LFV300 tuning forks 12 LBV300 tuning fork 14 UP30, UM30 ultrasonic sensors 16 CM30, CQ28 capacitive sensors 18 LL3 fiber-optic cable with WLL LFH hydrostatic level probe 22 DT500, DMT10 laser sensors 24 Outdoor Bulkscan laser scanner 26 Accessories for level sensors 28 PBS electronic pressure switch 34 PBT pressure transmitter 36 PFT pressure transmitter 38 PHT hygienic pressure transmitter 40 Accessories for pressure sensors 42 Pressure units 43 Explosion protection according to ATEX 44 Dielectric constants 46 Pressure and level measurement technical terms 48 2 Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

3 At home in many fields - the automation of liquid and bulk solid processes using SICK technology M a c h i n e t o o l i n g F o o d i n d u s t r y Hydraulic, pneumatic, cooling and lubricating processes are at the center of almost all automated machinery processes. With modern technology SICK offers increased efficiency to its customers in the machine and tool manufacturing industry with simple and all-purpose sensors. Special highlights: the TDR-level sensor LFT and the PBS pressure switch. Hygienic design, high robustness and automated cleaning processes (SIP/CIP) place great demands on sensors in the food industry. Here SICK's well-proven quality standards and the already legendary robustness of SICK' s sensors have been at play for decades. Special highlights: the PHT pressure transmitter and our vibrating tuning forks from the LFV300 range. C a r s a n d v e h i c l e s P r i n t a n d pa p e r For vehicle manufacturing machines, plant of various origin must co-exist as an efficient and easily controllable entity. Here SICK not only offers one of the most comprehensive sensor portfolios, but in particular also tailor-made communications concepts. Special highlights: the PBS pressure switch and the LFV200 tuning forks. In the paper manufacturing and printing industry, complex liquids and pastose media have to be carefully controlled at high speed - 7 days a week, 365 days a year. SICK helps with its robust, industry-specific measuring equipment, such as the UP30 ultrasonic level sensor and the PFT pressure transmitter. P h a r m a c e u t i c s a n d c o s m e t i c s GB ue bi lä du idn eg aau ut to o mat ati oi on n Production processes involving very specific ambient conditions and miniaturized production procedures are particularly challenging in the field of pharmaceutics and cosmetics. Also here SICK offers design-optimized and aseptic solutions. Special highlights: the PHT pressure transmitter and our tuning forks from the LFV300 range. Cost-optimized and reliable sensor systems which can be easily controlled with fail safe functionality are constantly making advances in building automation. SICK follows this trend with simple and reliable sensors, for example with the TDR-level sensor LFT and the PBT pressure transmitter S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 3

4 Level and point level measurement using modern technology Liquid measurement Whether continuous measurement, point-level measurement or both combined - SICK offers a wide range of solutions for process engineering, storage or protection. According to the assembly situation, medium characteristics and ambient conditions SICK offers optimal sensors which have only one objective: efficient processing. In this respect, SICK fully exploits its know-how as provider of one of the most comprehensive technological portfolios. The innovative offer comprises, for example, guided radar sensors (TDR), ultrasonic sensors, capacitive switches, tuning forks and various optical technologies. What is so special about SICK sensors: An insight into the processes applicable to the industries in question and over 60 years experience producing robust sensor technology. In this way, our equipment offers SICK-typical advantages such as small-scale units, easy handling, robust and EMCimmune electronics as well as universal fields of application using intelligent technology selection. One example: according to the principle of the guided microwave (TDR), the LFT level sensor functions without the need for calibration or adjustment both in water and oil-based media and provides up to four switching signals and an analog signal. Point level measurement Level measurement L F V L F T L F T U M 3 0 U P 3 0 L F H L F V C Q 2 8 C M 3 0 L F V L F V Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

5 Robust, exact and universally applicable: Level measurement made easy Bulk solid level measurement Whether monitoring of bulk transport using conveyor systems, continuous filling level supervision in surface mining or complex point-level measurements in silos or storage containers - SICK offers a comprehensive solution which can cope with the heavy demands of the bulk processing field. Here, also, you can profit from SICK's extensive technological portfolio: Our offer encompasses, for example, laser scanners, ultrasonic equipment, capacitive switches, tuning forks and laser-based distance meters. What is so special about SICK sensors: going into detail unites with the experience of solving global problems. In this way, our sensors offers SICK-typical advantages such as easy handling, robust and EMC-immune electronics and housing, as well as universal fields of application using intelligent technology selection. One example: the vibrating tuning forks of the LBV300 series also cover the most varying of vertical installation situations due to their tubeand rod-extension variations. Various approvals for explosive atmospheres cater for the necessary process safety standards S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 5

6 LFT Level portfolio Portfolio Level Measurement Fluids- and Bulk Solids Measurement Overview Models Technical data overview LFT LFV200 LFV300 LFT level sensor: the all-round talent with TDR technology Vibrating tuning forks for all kind of liquids - flexible and robust Vibrating tuning forks for all kind of liquids - flexible and robust Measuring principle Guided Radar (TDR) Vibration Vibration Measurement Continuous and point level detection Point level detection Point level detection Medium Liquids Liquids Liquids Detection principle Contact Contact Contact Process connection G ¾, ¾ " NPT G ¾, ¾ NPT, Triclamp, pipe connection G ¾, ¾ NPT, flange, hygienic connectors Process temperature 0 80 C C C Product features Process pressure 0 1 bar relative bar bar Contactless electronic switch, Contactless electronic switch, relay, Switching output 4 20 ma, PNP-transistor PNP-transistor PNP-transistor, Namur Type of connection M12x1, 5-pin /8-pin M12x1, 4-pin/ DIN43650-plug M20x1.5, ½ NPT, M12x1 Enclosure rating IP 67 IP 67/ IP 65 IP 67/ IP 68 Approvals WHG pending WHG, EHEDG WHG, Atex, EHEDG, FDA, GL No mechanical moving parts Small deadband, ideal for small containers Accurate measurement, even when liquids change no re-calibration necessary Independent of installation conditions Simple single-button teaching Flexible probe length of up to 2,000 mm Safety-oriented power output acc. to Namur (NE43) Works in all kind of liquids Commissioning without filling Media temperature up to 150 C Immune to deposit formation Very high repeatability EHEDG and FDA-compliant CIP and SIP resistant Polished surface Works in all kind of liquids Commissioning without filling Media temperature up to 250 C Immune to deposit formation Very high repeatability EHEDG and FDA-compliant CIP and SIP resistant Polished surface Industries Machine tools Food & beverage Cars and vehicles Print and paper Water and waste water Wood processing Building automation Pharmaceutics and cosmetics Product information Accessory Page 10 Page 12 Page 12 Page 28 Page 28 Page 28 6 Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

7 Level Measurement Fluids- and Bulk Solids Measurement Level Portfolio LFT LBV300 UP30 UM30 Universal tuning forks for all kind of bulk materials Contact-free level measurement with ultrasonic technology Contact-free level measurement with ultrasonic technology Vibration Ultrasonic Ultrasonic Point level detection Continuous and point level detection Continuous and point level detection Bulk solids Liquids Fluids and bulk solids Contact Contact-free Contact-free G 1 ½, 1 ½" NPT, Flange G ½, ½" NPT M C / C 0 80 C bar 0,5 6 bar Atmosphere Contactless electronic switch, relay, PNP-transistor, Namur 4 20 ma, 0 10 V DC, PNP-transistor 4 20 ma, 0 10 V DC, PNP-transistor M20x1.5, ½ NPT, M12x1 M12x1, 5-pin M12x1, 5-pin IP 67/ IP 68 IP 67 IP 67 Atex, FDA Rugged device design Flexible basic concept allows customer-specific solutions Immune to deposit formation Commissioning without filling Media temperature up to 250 C Very high repeatability Atex certified (1D/2D) Extension tube (6 m) and cable version (up to 80 m) available for vertical mounting Contact-free level measurement Measuring range up to 700 mm High measuring accuracy due to time-of-flight measurement 3 in 1: combines level switch, continuous level measurement and display function Measurement in pressurised containers up to 6 bar Display for quick and flexible sensor adjustment Immune to deposit formation and corrosive liquids High measurement accuracy due to time of flight technology Independent of media Measuring range up to 6000 mm 3 in 1: measure, switch, display Page 14 Page 16 Page 16 Page 28 Page 28 Page S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 7

8 LFT Level portfolio Level Sensors Fluids- and Bulk Solids Measurement Overview Models CM30 CQ28 WLL190 with LL3 For detection through a wall - As simple as that Point level measurement through container walls Fibre-optic cable for level detection Technical data overview Measuring principle Capacitive Capacitive Optic Measurement Point level detection Point level detection Point level detection Medium Fluids and bulk solids Fluids and bulk solids Liquids Detection principle Contact-free Contact-free Contact Process connection M30 Mounting Mounting Ambient temperature C C C / C Process pressure Atmospheric Atmospheric Atmospheric Switching output PNP-transistor PNP-transistor NPN or PNP Type of connection Cable connector PVC 2 m, M12x1, 4-pin Cable connector PVC 2 m M12x1, 4-pin Product features Enclosure rating IP 67 IP 68 IP 67 / IP 66 Approvals Industries Machine tools Food & teverage Cars and vehicles Print and paper Water and waste water Wood processing Building automation Pharmaceutics and cosmetics Construction materials Mining Product information Accessory Adjustable switching distance 2 16 mm flush/4 25 mm non-flush Antivalent function output Metric design Adjustment of sensitivity with potentiometer Adjustable switching distance 1 10 mm Programmable output Very small and flat housing Teach-in with push button or remote adjustment High enclosure rating IP 68 Recognizes nearly all liquids Precise and flexible measurement, primarily in small containers such as beverage bottles Teach-in using the adjustment key or external access Switching outputs Resistant against common cleaning agents No mechanical moving parts Page 18 Page 18 Page 20 Page 28 Page 28 Page 28 8 Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

9 Level Sensors Fluids- and Bulk Solids Measurement Level portfolio LFT LFH DMT10 and DT500 Bulkscan Hydrostatic level measurement - At high level Contact-free detection of large distances Measurement system for conveyor belts Hydrostatic Optical Optical Continuous Continuous Continuous Liquids Bulk solids Bulk solids Contact Contact-free Contact-free Anchor clamp Mounting Mounting C C Atmospheric Atmospheric Atmospheric 4 20 ma 4 20 ma; 2 switching outputs 4 20 ma; Profibus, RS422 Cable connector RS422 / RS232; CAN Cable entry IP 68 IP 65 IP Immersion depth up to 100 m (optionally up to 250 m) Enables level measurement under difficult conditions Optional temperature measurement Enclosure rating IP 68 Pressurization relative to the atmosphere works via a capillary tube in cable High measurement accuracy due to time of flight technology Easy adjustment with visible red laser light Measures independent of pressure and temperature Two distance-switching outputs Metal housing incl. heating available Optional alignment bracket Contactless measuring Continuous measurement High resolution Integrated determination of the center of gravity Robust system for rugged environment Measurement even at very cold temperature (integrated heating) Page 22 Page 24 Page 26 Page 28 Page 28 Page S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 9

10 LFT LFT Level Sensors Continuous- and Point Level Measurement LFT level sensor: the all-round talent with TDR technology Product Description Innovative TDR technology enables inexpensive, reliable level measurements largely independent of applications. The LFT is suitable both for continuous level measurement and for point level measurement in almost all fluids; changes in the properties of fluids to be measured do not influence it. It is the solution for precise and reliable measurements, especially in small tanks and containers independent of installation conditions. Product Features No mechanical moving parts Small deadband, ideal for small containers Accurate measurement, even when liquids change no re-calibration necessary Independent of installation conditions Simple single-button teaching Flexible probe length of up to 2,000 mm Safety-oriented power output acc. to Namur (NE43) Technology The LFT uses the TDR technology (TDR = Time Domain Reflectometry) a process for determining the time of flight of electromagnetic waves. A low-energy, electromagnetic impulse is generated in the electronics of the sensor, coupled into the coaxial probe and run down the inside of the probe. When this impulse reaches the fluid on the surface to be measured, part of the impulses is reflected and runs along the probe back to the electronics, which then calculates the level from the time difference between the impulse sent and received on. The sensor can output this as continual measurement value (analog output) but can also derive freely positionable switching points from it (switching output). Customer Benefits Maintenance-free level sensor, saving of maintenance-costs No re-calibration necessary Reduced installation time and costs Applications Monitoring coolants and lubricants in machine tooling Monitoring cleaning solutions and detergents in mechanical engineering and the electronic industry Monitoring filling tanks in automobile construction Flexible measurement system for different container sizes One system for point level and continuous applications: reduces stock Level control in grinding machines Level monitoring in hydraulic containers Mixing units Approval: WHG pending 10 Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

11 Level Sensors Continuous- and Point Level Measurement LFT LFT Technical Data LFT Measuring principle Guided radar, TDR Application Liquids Measuring method also suitable for Foaming liquids Maximum measuring range 2 m Maximum measuring accuracy 3 mm Signal output 4 20 ma, PNP-transistor Typical installation position Vertical Maximum temperature in container 80 C Maximum pressure in container 1 bar rel. Enclosure rating IP 67 Type of connection M12x1, 5-pin, 8-pin Power supply V DC Ambient temperature C Process connection G ¾ A, ¾ NPT Material housing, process connection PBT Probe material (316L) Seal / probe end , , PTFE Protection class III Dimensional Drawing LFT ,5 16 IB 81 S L M12x1 10, ,5 G 3/4 A 3/4 NPT < Ø 20 IB M M: Measuring range S: Switching point L: Probe length IB: Inactive area 10 mm 122 All dimensions in mm S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 1 1

12 LFV200 and LFV300 Level Sensors Point Level Measurement Vibrating tuning forks for all kind of liquids - flexible and robust LFV200 LFV310 Hygienic-Version LFV330 Product Description The LFV200 and LFV300 series are universal level switches with which pre-defined levels can be detected in systems for liquids precisely to the millimeter. Regardless of the maximum fill capacity of containers they can be used as a full signal to prevent overfilling, an empty signal to prevent dry running, a switching signal for refilling or as a dry-run signal for pump protection. The LFV200 and LFV300 series work independently of the liquid and are wear-free and maintenance-free. The sturdy stainless steel tuning fork is piezo-electrically energized and vibrates at its resonance frequency. Once the tuning fork is covered with liquid, the resonance frequency changes. This change is reliably detected by the integrated electronics and converted into a switching signal. A tube-extended variant for vertical mounting with up to 6 meters switching distance to the top of the container is also available the LFV330. Its polished surface (Ra <0.8 μm) in connection with the appropriate process connections even enable the sensor to be utilized for applications with maximum hygienic requirements. Product Features Universal technology works in all kind of liquids Commissioning without filling Media temperature up to 250 C Immune to deposit formation Very high repeatability EHEDG, GL and FDA-compliant CIP and SIP resistant Polished surface Technology The sturdy stainless steel tuning fork is piezo-electrically energized and vibrates at its resonance frequency. Once the tuning fork is covered with liquid, the resonance frequency changes. This change is reliably detected by the integrated electronic circuitry and converted into a switch signal. Approvals: WHG, FDA, EHEDG, ATEX, GL Customer Benefits Maintenance-free limit switch, reduced maintenance costs No calibration required, reduce costs Low installation cost Applications Monitoring point level and overfill protection in containers, buffer- and storage tanks Applications in food and beverage industry due to hygienic design Flexible level switch Fast commissioning saves time Sensor test in situ Maximum- and demand control in explosive atmosphere due to atex approval Level monitoring in container- and cargo ships 12 Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

13 Level Sensors Point Level Measurement LFV200 and LFV300 LFT Technical Data Application Measuring method also suitable for Process pressure LFV200 LFV310 LFV330 Liquids Foaming liquids, where vapor is present bar Ambient temperature C Accuracy +/- 2 mm Sensor material (316 L) Switching output Transistor output Supply voltage Protection class Contactless electronic switch Supply voltage Protection class Relay Supply voltage Protection class Namur Supply voltage Protection class V DC II V AC / V DC I V AC, V DC I V DC Approvals WHG, EHEDG, FDA WHG, Atex, EHEDG, FDA, GL Fill material density > 0.7 kg/l 2.5 kg/l > 0.5 kg/l 2.5 kg/l Max. process temperature C C Material, housing (316L), PEI Plastic, aluminium, stainless steel Enclosure rating IP 67/ IP 65 IP 67/ IP 68 Type of connection M12x1, DIN43650 plug M20x1.5, ½ NPT, M12x1 Sensor length 66 mm, 117 mm 66 mm, 117 mm mm II Dimensional Drawings LFV200 LFV310 LFV330 Temperature adapter Ø 31,7 Ø 31, ,5 mm 18,5 mm 34 mm Ø 21,3 13 Ø 21,3 G¾ =66mm G1 = 69 mm Length variable mm 176 mm All dimensions in mm S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 1 3

14 LBV300 LFT Level Sensors Point Level Measurement Universal tuning fork for all kind of bulk materials LBV310 LBV330 LBV320 Product Description The level sensors of the LBV300 series fulfil their tasks signaling full, empty, or demand states ruggedly, reliably and with high accuracy. The measurement principle of the tuning fork reacts to changes in density therefore they operate independently of silo shape, the tank material used, container structures or the bulk material involved. It is also friction-free and maintenance-free. The sturdy stainless steel tuning fork is piezoelectrically energized and vibrates at its resonance frequency. If the tuning fork is covered with bulk material, the amplitude changes. This change is reliably detected by the integrated electronics and converted into a switching signal. While the LBV310 device is principally used to signal full states or mounted laterally for demand or empty states, the LBV320 with suspension cable and the tube-extended LBV330 for vertical mounting in silos are used with switching distances of up to 80 meters (LBV320) or 6 meters (LBV330). With a wide variety of thread and flange connections, and several electronic variants, the LBV300 series offers a solution for almost all applications, even in potentially explosive atmospheres. Technology The sturdy stainless steel tuning fork is piezo-electrically energized and vibrates at its resonance frequency. If the tuning fork is covered with bulk material, the amplitude changes. This change is reliably detected by the integrated electronic circuitry and converted into a switch signal. Product Features Rugged device design Flexible basic concept allows customer-specific solutions Immune to deposit formation Commissioning without filling Customer Benefits Maintenance-free limit switch, reduced maintenance costs No calibration required, reduced costs Media temperature up to 250 C Very high repeatability Atex certified (1D/2D) Extension tube and cable version available for vertical mounting Low installation costs Flexible and reliable level monitoring Fast commissioning saves time Sensor test in mounting position Approvals: ATEX, FDA Applications Point level detection in tanks, silos, storage- and intermediate containers Solution for food & beverage applications Full- or demand monitoring in explosive atmospheres 14 Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

15 Level Sensors Point Level Measurement LBV300 LFT Technical Data LBV310 LBV320 LBV330 Application Bulk solids Measuring method also suitable for Dusty environments Approvals Atex, FDA Fill material density > g/cm³ Particle size < 10 mm Material, housing Plastic, aluminium, stainless steel Accuracy +/- 10 mm Ambient temperature C Enclosure rating IP 66 / IP 67 and IP 66 / IP 68 Sensor material , , PUR Max. process temperature up to 250 C up to 80 C up to 250 C Sensor length 220 mm m rope extension m tube extension Max. lateral load N - Supply voltage Protection class Switching output LBV310, LBV320, LBV330 Transistor output V DC II Contactless electronic switch V AC / V DC I Relay V AC, V DC I Namur V DC II Dimensional Drawings LBV310 LBV320 LBV330 Temperature adapter 22 mm 33 mm 43 mm 40 mm 33 mm 43 mm 33 mm 176 mm 34 mm 220 mm 150 mm Length variable mm 11 mm Length variable mm 43 mm 150 mm 43 mm 150 mm All dimensions in mm S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 1 5

16 UP30 LFTand UM30 Level Sensors Continuous- and Point Level Measurement Contact-free level measurement with ultrasonic sensors UP30 Product Description The ultrasonic level sensors from SICK exploit their particular strengths in the presence of heavy contamination or aggressive liquids as well as abrasive bulk material. They are neither irritated by heavy contamination nor by material deposits. They monitor both limit levels and continuous filling heights regardless of the electrical properties of the media without contact and with high reliability. UM30 Product Features Contact-free level measurement Measuring range up to 6000 mm High measuring accuracy using timeof-flight measurement 3 in 1: combines level switch, countinuous level measurement and display function Measurement in pressurised containers up to 6 bar Display for quick and flexible sensor adjustment Immune to deposit formation and abrasive liquids Technology The ultrasonic sensor cyclically emits short, high-frequency sound pulses. These are radiated at the speed of sound. They are reflected when they meet the surface of the medium and return to the ultrasonic sensor in the form of an echo. The ultrasonic sensor calculates the distance from the time elapsed between emission of the sound pulses and receipt of the echo signals. This is provided to users as both an analog level signal and a switching signal. Customer Benefits Maintenance-free level sensor, saving of maintenance-costs No re-calibration necessary Reduced installation time and costs Flexible measurement system for different container sizes Applications Level measurement in small pressurized containers, e.g. in printing industry or general machinery applications Level measurement of aggressive or dirty liquids One system for point level and continuous applications: reduces stock Combines analog level measurement and overfill protection in one device Level monitoring in funnel, silos with abrasive bulk material Combined measurement of continuous level and overflow protection in one single device 16 Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

17 Level Sensors Continuous- and Point Level Measurement UP30 and UM30 LFT Technical Data UP30 UM UM UM Medium Fluids Fluids and bulk solids Operating distance mm (700 mm) mm (2000 mm) mm (5000 mm) mm (8000 mm) Ultrasonic frequency ca. 320 khz ca. 200 khz ca. 120 khz ca. 80 khz Resolution 0.18 mm Supply voltage VS 9 30 V DC Current consumption Switching outputs, reversible Analog output, reversible QA Standby delay 80 ma PNP: UV 2 V, Imax = 200 ma 4 20 ma /0 10 V < 300 ms Connection type M12, 5-pin Enclosure rating IP 67 Ambient temperature 25 C C Storage 40 C C Response time 110 ms 110 ms 180 ms 210 ms Switching frequency 6 Hz 6 Hz 3 Hz 2 Hz Switching hysteresis 3 mm 20 mm 50 mm 100 mm Ultrasonic convertor PTFE-foil, Viton-O-ring Polyurethanefoam, glass epoxy resin Process connection G ½ M30x1.5 Pressure resistance/ area of use bar gauge Atmosphere pressure Weight 150 g 150 g 210 g 270 g Housing material Stainless steel , PBT, TPU Nickel-plated brass, PBT, TPU Dimensional Drawings UP30 UM M12x1 5 5 UM UM ,5 22,5 M12x1 M12x1 ø All dimensions in mm S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 1 7

18 CM30 LFT and CQ28 Level Sensors Point Level Measurement For detection through a wall - As simple as that CM30 CQ28 Product Description Presence is enough: Metallic or nonmetallic, solid or liquid, compacted or powder-like. Not all materials sensed by a capacitive sensor react in the same way. Nevertheless, they are detected equally well by a sensor, irrespective Product Features Detects liquids and solids High EMC-immunity Adjustment of sensitivity with potentiometer (CM30) Teach-in with push button or remote adjustment (CQ28) of their properties. Their mere presence in the electro-static field of the sensor detects any material, which is non-gaseous. Water-based materials are particularly easy to detect. Protection class IP 67 (CM30) or IP 68 (CQ28) Multiple mounting options Programmable output (CQ28) or complementary versions (CM30) Technology The active element of the capacitive proximity sensor works like a capacitor within whose electrical field increased capacity triggers as soon as an object approaches it. This increase is detected and transmitted by a signal evaluator. Customer Benefits Also contactless level detection through walls Robust and reliable in tough industrial environments Applications Level detection of all kinds of materials no matter if liquid, solid, granulate or powder Easy and quick setting of switch point Extremely versatile - detects various liquids and solids Level measurement in tanks, hoppers and tubes Approvals: UL 18 Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

19 Level Sensors Point Level Measurement CM30 and LFT CQ28 Technical Data Measuring principle Application Measuring method also suitable for Measurement through container wall CM30 Capacitance Fluids and bulk solids Dust, Foam Yes CQ28 Typical installation position Vertical/horizontal Reproducibility <= 5 % Ripple <= 10 % Switching output PNP or NPN Output function Antivalent Programmable Design Cylinder with thread Cuboid Power consumption <= 10 ma <= 12 ma Hysteresis min.... max % Depends on teaching Material, housing Plastic Plastic, PBT Max. measurement range - Switching distance up to 10 mm Enclosure rating IP 67 IP 68 Type of connection PVC cable, 2 m, cable connector M12, 4-pin Cable PVC 2 m Supply voltage V DC V DC Ambient temperature 25 C 80 C C Installation Flush or non-flush Non-flush Dimensional Drawings CM30 - flush CM30 - non-flush CQ28 27,6 5,5 46 M30x1,5 M30x M30x1,5 15,4 63,6 50 M30x1,5 4,2 All dimensions in mm S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 1 9

20 WLL190T-2 LFT with LL3-DF02 Level Sensors Point Level Measurement Fibre-optic cable for level detection LL3-DF02 WLL190T-2 Product Description The LL3-DF02 fiber-optic cable in combination with the WLL190T-2 evaluation unit is suitable for the detection of the level of virtually all liquids. In this aspect it is irrelevant whether it concerns a clear or opaque liquid. Owing to its teflon finish, the level fiber-optic cable is suitable for the food industry. This is the ideal solution for level detection in filling plants. The WLL190T-2 offers a maintenancefree operation using various control algorithms. Product Features Recognizes nearly all liquids Precise and flexible measurement, primarily in small containers such as beverage bottles Teach-in using the adjustment key or external access Binary outputs Resistant against current cleaning agents No mechanical moving parts Technology The detection principle is based on the different refractive indices of air and liquids. The refractive index between the fiber-optic sensor tip and air is very large. The beam is totally reflected and reaches the receiver. The refractive index between the fiber-optic tip and liquid is, however, considerably lower. Most of the beam is absorbed by the liquid and only a very small amount of light reaches the receiver. In this way the liquid level is identified. Customer Benefits Precise filling during beverage bottling without unnecessary pumping Cost saving integration in filling receptacle possible Reliable detection of liquids Applications Level measurement in the bottling process Monitoring of the oil operating level of a press Leak monitoring Monitoring of the storage capacity in a filling plant Insensitive to interference Easy, cost-effective mounting Maintenance-free sensor Monitoring of cleaning solutions in the electronics industry Monitoring of machine-tool coolants 20 Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

21 Level Sensors Point Level Measurement WLL190T-2 with LL3-DF02 LFT Technical Data LL3-DF02 WLL190T-2 Measuring principle Visible red light Application Fluids Measuring method also suitable for Low foam formation Max. accuracy +/- 0.5 mm Signal output NPN or PNP Typical installation position Vertical Enclosure rating IP 67 IP 66 Supply voltage V DC Ambient temperature C C Material Teflon ABS/PC Protection class - III Time delay ms programmable Time type - ON-Delay, OFF-Delay, One-Shot programmable Display - 2x4-digits 7-segment display Dimensional Drawings LL3-DF02 ø 1.4 ø 1.8 ø 6 ø 5.5 ø i ON/OFF WLL190T ,9 ~150 1,9 10,5 4,3 10,4 16,2 9,4 34,6 ø 8,6 ø 7,2 33,2 8 ø 4,2 18,8 11,2 5,7 9,2 27, ,4 All dimensions in mm S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 2 1

22 LFH LFT Level Sensors Continuous Measurement Hydrostatic level measurement - At high level Product Description The level probe LFH is a sensitive pressure transmitter for continuous level measurement. The liquid column above the probe creates a hydrostatic pressure which is a direct indicator for the liquid level. Through its permanently connected cable the LFH is submerged into the liquid to be monitored. Thus, the container wall does not need to be disturbed to fit a level sensor. Product Features Immersion depth up to 100 m (optionally up to 250 m) Measuring ranges from mh2o to mh2o (optional up to 250 mh2o) Stainless steel membrane Hermetically sealed stainless steel housing with protection cap made from PA Enclosure rating IP 68 Available with various cable lengths Cable made from PUR, FEP-cable for aggressive media optionally available Maximum tensile strength of the cable 1000 N Optional temperature measurement with integrated Pt 100-element, 4-wire Longitudinal water resistance to protect probe in case of damaged cable (optional) Technology For level measurement highly sensitive gauge pressure transmitters with stainless steel membranes are used. Hydrostatic level measurement requires pressure compensation relative to the atmosphere. This is realized by a capillary tube inside the connecting cable. The LFH provides an output signal that is proportional to the applied pressure and hence, proportional to the height of the liquid column above the probe. Customer Benefits Enables level measurement under difficult conditions where other measurement technologies fail No openings required in the wall of the vessel Applications Deep well Hydrostatic level measurement in large vessels For cleaning purposes the probe can easily be taken out of the liquid High reliability through rugged design and robust materials In water up to 100 m depth (optionally up to 250m) Sewerage plants 22 Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

23 Level Sensors Continuous Measurement LFT LFH Technical Data LFH Immersion depth max. 100 m (250 m optionally available) Measurement ranges Gauge pressure bar up to 0 25 bar Also available: MPa, psi, kg/cm 2 Accuracy Accuracy Non-linearity Temperature measurement ± 0.5 % of span ± 0.25 % of span optional for p 0.25 bar (According to IEC , including non-linearity, hysteresis, zero and full scale error) ± 0.2 % of span (BFSL, according to IEC ) Pt100, 4-wire, IEC optionally available Permissible temperatures Rated temperature range C Temperature of medium C Installation Cable Process connection Cable with following lengths: 1.5 m, 3 m, 5 m, 10 m, 15 m, 20 m. Other lengths upon request Material of cable PUR (optionally FEP) Tensile strength PUR cable: 1000 N (FEP: 500 N) G ½ B Enclosure rating IP 68 Electrical specification Analog output signal Supply voltage 4 20 ma (2-wire), or 0 10 V (3-wire) V DC V DC for output signal 0 10 V Dimensional Drawings At accuracy 0.5% At accuracy 0.25% All dimensions in mm S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 2 3

24 DMT10 LFT and DT500 Level Sensors Continuous Measurement Contact-free detection of large distances DMT10 DT500 Product Description Using the time-of-flight principle these distance sensors measure in a working area of up to 155 m (DMT10) and up to 30 m (DT500) on naturally, reflective objects. With a resolution of 1 mm these laser distance sensors achieve an accuracy of down to +/- 3 mm (DT500) or +/- 10 mm (DMT10) and are therefore Product Features Very high precision measurement using time-of-light measurement Easy adjustment with red laser light Two distance switching outputs particularly suitable for precise measuring tasks. Thanks to their robust metal housings, these sensors are also suitable for extreme environmental conditions. Models with integrated heating and appropriate weather-protection covers are available for outdoor use. Heated metal housings (DT500) Optional weather-proof housing (DT500) Optional alignment bracket Technology According to the time-of-flight measurement principle, a laser or alignment laser calculates the exact distance to the object to be sensed. The measuring laser is thus seen like a laser point on the object to be sensed, thereby the measuring point is also very visible at long distances. Customer Benefits Virtually maintenance-free thanks to contact-free measurement Flexible measurement system for various container sizes Easy menu-driven handling reduces installation costs Applications Level measurement in silos Height level measurement of pulp or liquid metal Robust metal housing for high durability in extreme environments Excellent cost effectiveness 24 Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

25 Level Sensors Continuous Measurement DMT10 and DT500 LFT Technical Data Measuring principle Mounting orientation DMT10 Time-of-flight principle Variable Enclosure rating IP 65 Measurement area 0.5 m 155 m m, max. object temperature 1200 C DT m m Beam spot diameter/distance 20 mm + (5 mm x distance in m) 45 mm /30 m Resolution 1 mm 0.1 mm Light transmitter/illuminant Laser diode, infrared Laser diode, red light Laser safety class 1 (EN ; Nov.2001, IEC ; ÄM2:2001) 2 (EN 60825/21 CFR 1040) Supply voltage V DC V DC Outputs 4 20 ma; 2 switching outputs 0 20 ma / ma Serial interface RS422 / RS232 CAN Protection class III II Operating temperature -10 C +55 C -40 C +55 C 1) Storage temperature -25 C +70 C -25 C +75 C Electrical connection Terminal compartment M12, 5-pin / 8-pin Reproducibility 7 mm 1 mm Accuracy +/- 10 mm +/- 3 mm 1) with heating Dimensional Drawings DMT10 DT Approx , , , M12 90 on ENTER ESC 98 99, M , ,5 1,5 42,5 102,5 21,5 12, Ø 9 All dimensions in mm S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 2 5

26 Bulkscan LFT Level Sensors Volume Flow Measurement Bulkscan - the measurement system for conveyor belts Bulkscan Product Description The Bulkscan system is designed for contact-free continuous recording of bulk material volume on conveyor belts. The system is based on the laser time-offlight principle and has a rugged, wearfree and reliable design. LMI101 Product Features Contact-free measurement Continuous measurement High resolution Focal point calculation of bulk material Robust design for rugged environments Heating allows for use in cold temperatures Technology A pulsed laser scans the surface structure of the bulk material in short intervals. From the time-of-flight of the reflections a profile of the bulk material is determined. By comparing this profile to the profile of the empty conveyor belt, the cross section surface is calculated. When adding the conveyor belt speed (fixed or from external sensor) or the density of the material, mass or volume of the throughput can be calculated. Customer Benefits Cost saving by minimizing energy consumption Maximization of throughput Reduced maintenance cost through focal point determination no tilt Applications Conveyor belt surveillance in coaland ore mining Loading units in mining Monitoring ash discharge in power plants Increased life-time for conveyor belts Easy set-up Optimization of belt load Faster load times Load control for trucks, ships and railway cars Throughput measurement in building material industry 26 Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

27 Level Sensors Volume Flow Measurement Bulkscan LFT Technical Data Bulkscan Scanner model LMS200 LMS211 LMS221 Measurement principle Laser time-of-flight measurement Application Bulk material Measured variables Volume flow, mass flow, bulk goods density, focal point Conveyor belt width 4 m Cable length to LMI101 Max. 500 m Operating voltage LMS electronic 24 V DC Bulk material height 200 mm Ambient temperature 0 50 C C Scan angle Installation location Under roof Outside Distance to conveyer belt >= 0.5 m >= 1 m Heating 1) Without With Enclosure rating IP 65 IP 67 Evaluation unit LMI101 LMI101 Analog output 0/2/4 20 ma, max. load 750 Ohm Relay output Load capability, max. 48 V, 1A for status, malfuntion, warning, limit 1 + limit 2 Pulse output Pulse frequence max. 1kHz Digital output Input 1 counter reset, input 2 status signal conveyor belt (on/off), pulse counting Interfaces RS232, RS422, RS485 Operating voltage 24 V DC Ambient temperature C Enclosure rating IP 65 1) required at temperatures below 0 C; for LMS200 optionally deliverable Dimensional Drawings LMI mm 106 mm LMS mm 124 mm 29 mm 210 mm 212 mm 59 mm 156 mm 155 mm LMS211 LMS mm 352 All dimensions in mm Accessories see Bulkscan Data Sheet mm 229 mm S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 2 7

28 Accessory LFT Level Sensors Continuous- and Point Level Measurement Cables and connectors Cable connectors Coating Contacts Form Cable length Model name Part No. Connector M8, Enclosure rating IP 67 PVC 4 PUR halogenfree 4 straight 2 m DOL-0804-G02M m DOL-0804-G05M m DOL-0804-G02MC m DOL-0804-G05MC Cable connectors Coating Contacts Form Cable length Model name Part No. Connector M12, Enclosure rating IP 67 PVC 4 PUR halogenfree Food & Beverage 4 4 straight 2 m DOL-1204-G02M m DOL-1204-G05M m DOL-1204-G02MC m DOL-1204-G05MC m DOL-1204-G02MN m DOL-1204-G05MN Cable connectors Coating Contacts Form Cable length Model name Part No. Connector M12, Enclosure rating IP 67 PVC 5 PUR halogenfree 5 straight 2 m DOL-1205-G02M m DOL-1205-G05M m DOL-1205-G02MC m DOL-1205-G05MC Cable connectors Coating Contacts Form Cable length Model name Part No. Connector M12, Enclosure rating IP 67 PVC 8 PUR halogenfree 8 straight Power supply 2 m DOL-1208-G02M m DOL-1208-G05M m DOL-1208-G02MC m DOL-1208-G05MC Part No. Power supply, V AC/24 V DC, 2.1 A, IP Mounting Mounting Design Dimensions Model name Part No. Counter-nut ¾ NPT, PA see dimensional drawing 1 BEF-MU-0PAN34-LFT Counter-nut G ¾, PA see dimensional drawing 2 BEF-MU-0PAG34-LFT Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

29 Level Sensors Continuous- and Point Level Measurement Accessory LFT Mounting Design Dimensions Model name Part No. Weld-in flange Weld-in flange Triclamp Weld-in flange Pipe connections DIN G ¾, see dimensional drawing 3 BEF-FL-GEWG34-LFV G 1, see dimensional drawing 4 BEF-FL-GEWG10-LFV G ½, see dimensional drawing 5 BEF-FL-GEWG12-LFV Triclamp 1 see dimensional drawing 6 BEF-FL-TCLI10-LFV Triclamp 2 see dimensional drawing 7 BEF-FL-TCLI20-LFV DN 25/PN 40 see dimensional drawing 8 BEF-FL-851D25-LFV DN 40/PN 40 see dimensional drawing 9 BEF-FL-851D40-LFV DN 50/PN 25 see dimensional drawing 10 BEF-FL-851D50-LFV ,2 Ø 42 Ø 32 4 Ø 49 5 Ø 39 25, , Ø Ø Rd 52 x 1/6" Rd 65 x 1/6" Rd 78 x 1/6" Products specific Accessory Mounting Design Part No. Electronic module LFV300 Contactless electronic switch V AC/ V DC Electronic module LFV300 Double relay (DPDT) V DC / V AC Electronic module LFV300 Transistor output (NPN/PNP) V DC Electronic module LFV300 Namur output Electronic module LBV300 Contactless electronic switch V AC/ V DC Electronic module LBV300 Double relay (DPDT) V DC / V AC Electronic module LBV300 Transistor output (NPN/PNP) V DC Electronic module LBV300 Namur output Software Model name Part No. Connect + UP30 Software incl. adapter, cable and CD-ROM Mounting Model name Part No. Mounting adapter CM30 BEF-EA-CM Mounting Design Model name Part No. Lock nut fitting LFV300 Lock nut fitting LBV bar, LFV330 with G ¾ A thread G 1 A / 316 L bar, LBV330 with G 1½ A thread G 2 A / 316 L BEF-MU-316G10-ALFV BEF-MU-316G20-ALBV S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 2 9

30 Pressure measurement in liquids and gases Measurement of pressure plays a central role in many areas of plant and mechanical engineering, the manufacturing industry, machine tooling, process engineering and the manufacture and processing of food and beverages. SICK's portfolio of electronic pressure transmitters and switches can be adapted optimally to the individual customer's requests thanks to its intelligent and versatile configuration possibilities. Thus, a wide palette of usefully graded measurement ranges, common process connections and industry-typical output signals are available. In order to develop yet more application areas, the pressure sensors are also available in various precision classes with extended temperature ranges or with flush-mounted diaphragms. SICK's pressure sensors and switches are suitable for both liquid and gas pressure measurement. Typical of all SICK equipment is the use of high-quality materials, robustness and precise measurement technology, in addition to being easy to operate and install. Pressure Transmitters Pressure measurement in industrial applications occurs typically with the help of pressure transmitters. The equipment delivers a continuous current or voltage signal proportional to the pressure applied. measurement tasks are solved perfectly using the pressure transmitters from the PFT series. The PHT series offers hygienic pressure transmitters for use, for example, in the food and beverage industry. With the pressure transmitter PBT series, applications are addressed reliably and cost-effectively. Challenging 30 Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

31 Pressure Switch For the monitoring of pressure, pressure switches are used. Electronic pressure switches are characterized by their digital switching outputs, which are activated or deactivated when defined, programmable threshold levels have been reached. The PBS pressure switch offers speedy, safe and thus costeffective operation. With its large operating buttons, the bright display panel and the intuitive menu navigation according to VDMA-Recommendation , the unit wins you over with its ease of use. Moreover, the PBS pressure switch offers clear advantages during integration and installation. By means of a dual turnable housing concept, cable routing and orientation of the display can be adapted optimally to any given installation situation. In addition to its pressure-monitoring function as pressure switch with digital transistor-switching outputs the PBS can also generate an analog output signal S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 3 1

32 Pressure LFT Portfolio Level portfolio Pressure Sensors Pressure Measurement in Liquids and Gases Overview Models PBS Universal Pressure Switch PBT A Real Allround-Talent Technical data overview Function Electronic pressure switch with display Pressure transmitter Measurement ranges Gauge pressure 0 1 bar to bar 0 1 bar to bar Absolute pressure 0 1 bar to 0 25 bar 0 1 bar to 0 25 bar Compound ranges -1 0 bar to bar -1 0 bar to bar Pressure units bar, MPa, psi and kg/cm 2 bar, MPa, psi and kg/cm 2 Accuracy ± 1.0% of span ± 1.0% of span ± 0.5 % of span optional Setting accuracy of switching point ± 0.5 % of span - Output signals Switching outputs PNP or NPN + optional analog output signal Electrical connections M12x1 M12x1, L-connector or flying leads Analog Features Versatile programmable switching functionalities: Setpoint / reset point or window function, switching delay, normally-open/normally-closed etc. Quick and easy set-up via three large buttons and display Flexible installation possibilities due to dual rotatable housing concept Reduced space consumption due to compact dimensions Resistant against corrosive media due to circularly welded, hermetically sealed stainless steel membrane Reduced installation space due to compact dimensions Simple and cost-saving installation Wide range of configurations possible Resistant against corrosive media due to circularly welded, hermetically sealed stainless steel membrane Industries Machine tools Food & beverage Car and vehicles Print and paper Water and waste water Wood processing Machinery Product information Accessory Page 34 Page 36 Page 42 Page Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

33 Pressure Sensors Pressure Measurement in Liquids and Gases Pressure Portfolio LFT PFT PHT LFH The Flexible Solution A Clean Solution Hydrostatic Level Measurement - At high level Pressure transmitter Hygienic pressure transmitter Level probe for hydrostatic level measurement bar to bar bar to 0 25 bar mh2o to mh2o bar to 0 25 bar bar to 0 16 bar bar to bar -1 0 bar to bar - bar, mbar, MPa, psi and kg/cm 2 bar, mbar, MPa, psi and kg/cm 2 bar, mh2o ± 0.5 % of span ± 0.25 % of span optional for p 0,25 bar ± 0.5 % of span ± 0.25 % of span optional ± 0.5 % of span ± 0.25 % of span optional Analog Analog Analog M12x1, L-connector or flying leads M12x1, L-connector, flying leads or field housing Cable Very broad applications range For demanding measurement tasks that require higher measurement accuracy, extended temperature ranges or flush-mounted membranes Zero and span adjustment Optimal solutions due to versatile configurability Resistant against corrosive media due to circularly welded, hermetically sealed stainless steel membrane Flush-mounted, hermetically sealed stainless steel membrane with roughness Ra < 0.4 µm Large range of hygienic process connectors available Wetted parts stainless steel CIP / SIP resistant Easy to clean stainless steel housing with enclosure rating up to IP 68, field housing optionally available (IP 67) Hydrostatic level measurement up to 100 m water depth Enables level measurement under difficult conditions Temperature measurement optionally available Enclosure rating IP 68 Pressure compensation relative to atmosphere via capillary tube inside the connection cable Page 38 Page 40 Page 22 Page 42 Page 42 Page S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 3 3

34 PBS LFT Pressure Sensors Electronic Pressure Switch SICK s universal pressure switch Product Description The PBS is an electronic pressure switch, transmitter and display in one device. In its base configuration it has two switching points. In addition, there are configurations available with an analog output signal and one or two switching outputs. The intuitive setup with three large buttons and the integrated display have been designed according to the recommendation of the German engineering federation VDMA. The PBS has a circularly welded stainless steel membrane. Hence, it is well suited for a large variety of corrosive media. A large range of customary process connectors is available as standard. Product Features Measurement ranges from 0 1 bar to bar Gauge, absolute and compound measurement ranges No moving parts: No mechanical wear, fatigue-proof, maintenance-free Hermetically sealed stainless steel membrane Various programmable switching functionalities: Setpoint/reset point or window function, switching delay, normally open or normally closed, etc. Digital outputs PNP or NPN, Analog output signal 4 20 ma or 0 10 V Min/Max memory Password protection Selection of different pressure units for the display IO-Link functionality Technology The electronic pressure switch PBS is characterized by its precise and robust pressure measurement technology along with its high overpressure safety. Depending on the measurement range, piezo-resistive or metal thin film sensors are used. Upon reaching the programmable setpoints, the digital transistor outputs are switched. An additional optional analog output provides a current or voltage signal that is proportional to the applied pressure. Approvals: UL pending Customer Benefits Reduced space consumption due to compact dimensions Flexible installation possibilities due to dual rotatable housing Quick and easy operation and setup due to three large buttons and brilliant display Applications Monitoring and measurement of pressure in liquids and gases Factory automation Plant engineering, machine tooling Wide applications range Resistant against corrosive media due to circularly welded, hermetically sealed stainless steel membrane No cut backs: Individual solutions through versatile configurability Significant cost-savings due to IO-Link Hydraulic and pneumatic systems Pressure control systems Pumps and compressors 34 Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

35 Pressure Sensors Electronic Pressure Switch LFT PBS Technical Data Variants Two switching outputs One switching output and one analog output (optional) Two switching outputs and one analog output (optional) Measurement ranges Gauge pressure 0 1 bar up to bar Absolute pressure 0 1 bar up to 0 25 bar Compound ranges -1 0 bar up to bar Also available: MPa, psi, kg/cm 2 Accuracy Setting accuracy of switching points ± 0.5 % of span Accuracy analog output signal ± 1.0% of span According to IEC , including Non-linearity, hysteresis, zero and full scale error Non-linearity analog output signal ± 0.5 % of span (BFSL) according to IEC Ease-of-use Operation and set-up with 3 large buttons, LEDs indicate the switching state Blue 4-digits LED display, 14 segments, electronically rotatable by 180 Menu navigation according to recommendation of German engineering federation VDMA Permissible temperatures Rated temperature range C Temperature of medium C Ambient temperature C Installation Process connections G ½ according to EN 837 G ¼ A according to DIN 3852-E G ¼ female according to EN 837 ¼ NPT R ¼ according to ISO 7 (DIN2999) Additional process connection options on request Pressure peak dampening Through optional integrated pressure port 0.6 mm or 0.3 mm for process connector G ¼ according to DIN 3852E (0.3 mm from 10 bar) Rotatable housing Display with respect to the electrical connection: 330 Housing with respect to the process connection: 320 Enclosure rating IP 67 Switching outputs PNP or NPN Analog output signal 4 20 ma or 0 10 V Electrical connections M12x1, 4-pin (5-pin for configuration with two digital + one analog outputs) Supply voltage V DC PBS Dimensional Drawings Dimensions PBS example: with process connection G ½ acc. to EN 837 All dimensions in mm S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 3 5

36 PBT LFT Pressure Sensors Pressure Transmitter A real allround-talent: SICK pressure transmitter PBT Product Description The PBT is a universal electronic pressure transmitter used in general industrial applications for pressure measurement of liquid and gaseous media. The PBT is SICK s pressure transmitter for standard applications in machine tooling, control systems, hydraulics, pneumatics etc. The PBT is available in a wide selection of configurations enabling a perfect match to individual customer requirements. The precise and robust measurement technology, the compact dimensions and quick and simple installation distinguish the PBT as a real allround talent. Product Features Pressure measurement ranges from 0 1 bar up to bar Gauge, absolute, and compound measurement ranges A large variety of available process connections No moving parts: No mechanical wear, fatigue-proof, maintenance-free Circularly welded, hermetically sealed stainless steel membrane Output signal 4 20 ma, 0 5 V or 0 10 V Electrical connection M12x1, L-connector according to DIN A or flying leads Technology The electronic pressure transmitter PBT is characterized by its precise and robust pressure measurement technology along with its high overpressure safety. Depending on the measurement range, piezo-resistive or metal thin film sensors are used. Wetted parts are made from high-grade stainless steel. Therefore, the PBT is well suited for a large variety of fluids or gases and even corrosive media. The analog output provides a current or voltage signal that is proportional to the applied pressure. Customer Benefits Reduced installation space due to compact dimensions Simple and cost-saving installation Optimal solutions possible due to versatile configurability Applications Measurement of pressure in liquids and gases Factory automation Plant engineering, machine tools High reliability through robust design Excellent price-performance-ratio Hydraulic and pneumatic systems Pressure control systems Pumps and compressors 36 Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

37 Pressure Sensors Pressure Transmitter LFT PBT Technical Data Measurement ranges Gauge pressure 0 1 bar to bar Absolute pressure 0 1 bar to 0 25 bar Compound ranges -1 0 bar to bar Also available: MPa, psi, kg/cm 2 Accuracy Accuracy ± 1.0% of span (with Non-linearity of ± 0.5 %) ± 0.6% of span (with Non-linearity of ± 0.25 % and output signal V) ± 0.5 % of span (with Non-linearity of ± 0.25 %) According to IEC , including Non-linearity, hysteresis, zero and full scale error Non-linearity ± 0.5 % of span ± 0.25 % of span optionally available (BFSL) according to IEC Permissible temperatures Rated temperature range C Temperature of medium C (-30 C +100 C optionally available) Ambient temperature C (-30 C +100 C optionally available) Installation Process connections G ¼ A (DIN 3852-E) G ¼ female ¼ NPT M20x1.5 7/16-20 UNF SAE #4 J514 male R ¼ ISO 7 (DIN2999) Additional process connection options on request Pressure peak dampening Through optional integrated pressure port 0.6 mm or 0.3 mm for process connector G ¼ according to DIN 3852E (0.3 mm from 10 bar) Enclosure rating IP 67 IP 65 for configuration with L-connector Electrical specification Output signal Analog output signal 4 20 ma (2-wire), 0 5 V (3-wire), or 0 10 V (3-wire) Electrical connections M12x1, L-connector according to DIN A or flying leads Supply voltage 8 30 V DC 8 30 V DC for output signal 0 10 V PBT Dimensional Drawings Dimensions PBT example: with process connection G ¼ acc. to DIN 3852-E. 1) Electrical connector M12x1 2) L-connector 3) Cable conncector All dimensions in mm S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 3 7

38 PFT LFT Pressure Sensors Pressure Transmitter The flexible solution: SICK pressure transmitter PFT Product Description The electronic pressure transmitter PFT is designed for precise pressure measurement in liquids and gases. Distinguished by its high-quality measurement technology, the device is well suited to solve demanding measurement tasks in industrial applications. Variants with extended temperature range, enhanced measurement accuracy or flush-mounted membrane make a wide application range accessible. Due to its vast configurability, the PFT can be perfectly fitted to suit the most diverse customer requirements. Product Features Pressure measurement ranges from bar up to bar Gauge, absolute, and compound measurement ranges Also available with flush-mounted membrane Extended process temperature range up to 150 C optionally available Large variety of available process connections High shock and vibration resistance (1000 g / 20 g according to IEC and IEC , resp.) Available in two accuracy grades Output signal 4 20 ma, 0 5 V, or 0 10 V Zero and span adjustable Electrical connection M12x1, L-connector according to DIN A or flying leads Technology The pressure transmitter PFT is characterized by its highly accurate pressure measurement technology. Depending on the measurement range, piezo-resistive or metal thin film sensors are used. Wetted parts are made from high-grade stainless steel. Therefore, the PFT is well suited for a large variety of gases or fluids and even corrosive media. For specific applications flush-mounted circularly welded stainless steel membranes are available. The analog output provides a current or voltage signal that is proportional to the applied pressure. Customer Benefits Reliable and highly accurate measurement technology Wide application range No mechanical wear, fatigue-proof, maintenance-free as no moving parts Applications Plant engineering Factory automation High measurement accuracy across entire operating temperature range for demanding measuring tasks Pressure measurement in specific media such as sludges, slurries, Simple and cost-saving installation Optimal solution for individual requirements due to very versatile configurability pulp or highly viscous liquids through optionally available flush-mounted membrane Pressure measurement in hot media: Process temperature up to 150 C Suitable for a large variety of corrosive media 38 Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

39 Pressure Sensors Pressure Transmitter LFT PFT Technical Data Measurement ranges Gauge pressure bar to bar Absolute pressure bar to 0 25 bar Compound ranges -1 0 bar to bar (with flush-mounted membrane bar), mbar up to mbar Also available: MPa, psi, kg/cm 2 Accuracy Accuracy ± 0.5 % of span ± 0.25 % of span optional for p 0.25 bar (According to IEC , including Non-linearity, hysteresis, zero and full scale error) Non-linearity ± 0.2 % of span (BFSL, according to IEC ) Permissible temperatures Rated temperature range C Temperature of medium With standard membrane: -30 C +100 C (-40 C +125 C optionally available) With flush-mounted membrane: -30 C +100 C (-20 C +150 C optionally available) Ambient temperature C Installation Process connections G ¼ A according to DIN 3852-E G ¼ female ¼ NPT M20 x 1.5 7/16''-20 UNF SAE #4 J514 male R ¼ ISO 7 (DIN2999) G 1 B flush-mounted with O-ring G ½ B flush-mounted with O-ring G 1 flush-mounted, according to EHEDG, up to 150 C on request Additional process connection options on request Pressure peak dampening Through optional integrated pressure port 0.6 mm or 0.3 mm for process connections G ¼ according to DIN 3852E Enclosure rating IP 67 IP 68 for configuration with specific integrated cable output (zero and span not adjustable) IP 65 for configuration with L-connector Electrical specification Analog output signal 4 20 ma (2-wire), 0 5 V (3-wire), or 0 10 V (3-wire) Electrical connections M12x1, L-connector according to DIN A or flying leads Supply voltage V DC V DC for output signal 0 10 V PFT Dimensional Drawings Dimensions PFT example: with process connection G ¼ acc. to DIN 3852-E. Dimensions for high temperature configurations vary - see data sheet PFT. With accuracy 0.5% With accuracy 0.25% All dimensions in mm S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 3 9

40 PHT LFT Pressure Sensors Pressure Transmitter A clean solution: SICK PHT Pressure Transmitters Product Description With its flush-mounted stainless steel membranes and the large range of hygienic process connectors the pressure transmitter series PHT is perfectly suited for sanitary applications in the food and beverage, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industry. With enhanced process temperatures, resistance to corrosive media, cavity-free design with hygienically-graded process connections, the PHT is distinguished by its outstanding functionality that is also corroborated by the EHEDG certification. Product Features Robust and precise pressure measurement technology Flush-mounted, hermetically sealed stainless steel membrane with roughness Ra < 0.4µm Wetted parts stainless steel , housing stainless steel CIP / SIP resistant Large range of hygienic process connectors Stainless steel housing with enclosure rating of up to IP 68 Field housing (IP 67) optionally available Technology The pressure transmitter PFT is characterized by its highly accurate pressure measurement technology based on piezo-resistive sensors. The flushmounted stainless steel membrane is circularly welded. Wetted parts are made from high-grade stainless steel with surface roughness Ra < 0.4µm. Essential for the food & beverage industry: The pressure transmitting liquid is FDA compliant. The analog output provides a current or voltage signal that is proportional to the applied pressure. Approvals: EHEDG, 3A Customer Benefits Safe hygienic operation through EHEDG certification High reliability due to robust design and use of high-grade materials High system availability due to CIP/ SIP-ability Good cleanability of the transmitter Applications Pressure measurement as integral part of processing and refinement in the food and beverage industry Pressure measurement in the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industry Sanitary process technology Hydrostatic liquid level measurement housing Optimized solutions through versatile configurability in process and storage vessels Suitable for a large variety of corrosive media Pressure measurement in hot media: Process temperature up to 150 C 40 Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

41 Pressure Sensors Pressure Transmitter LFT PHT Technical Data Measurement ranges Gauge pressure bar to 0 25 bar Absolute pressure bar to 0 16 bar Compound ranges -1 0 bar to bar Also available: MPa, psi, kg/cm 2 Accuracy Accuracy ± 0.5 % of span ± 0.25 % of span optional (According to IEC , including Non-linearity, hysteresis, zero and full scale error) Non-linearity ± 0.2 % of span (BFSL, according to IEC ) Permissible temperatures Rated temperature range C Temperature of medium -20 C +150 C Ambient temperature C Installation Process connections Tri-Clamp DN 1 ½'' and DN 2'' Clamp ISO 2852 DN 33.7, DN 38, DN 40, and DN 51 Clamp DIN DN 32, DN 40, and DN 50 Female union nut DIN DN 25, DN 40 and DN 50 Female union nut DIN DN 40 and DN 50 for pipes according to DIN NEUMO BioConnect DN 40 Form V DN 40 and DN 50 VARIVENT Connector Type F and Type N DRD Connector with clamping elements NEUMO BioControl Size 50 and Size 65 Grooved union nut SMS standard DN 1 ½'' and DN 2'' Enclosure rating IP 67 for configuration with field housing IP 68 for configuration with integrated cable output IP 67 for configuration with electrical connector M12x1 IP 65 for configuration with L-connector Electrical specification Analog output signal 4 20 ma (2-wire), Optional 0 5 V (3-wire) or 0 10 V (3-wire) Electrical connections M12x1, L-connector according to DIN A, flying leads, or field housing with internal spring clip terminals Supply voltage V DC V DC for output signal 0 10 V V for output signal ma and field housing PHT Dimensional Drawings Dimension PHT example with accuracy ± 0.5%. 1) With field housing and female union nut acc. to DIN ) With standard housing and VARIVENT Process Connection All dimensions in mm S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 4 1

42 Accessory LFT Pressure Sensors Continuous Pressure Monitoring Cable connectors Cable connectors Coating Contacts Form Cable length Model name Part No. PVC 4 2 m DOL-1204-G02M m DOL-1204-G05M Cable M12, Enclosure rating IP 67 PUR halogenfree 4 straight 2 m DOL-1204-G02MC m DOL-1204-G05MC Food & Beverage 4 2 m DOL-1204-G02MN m DOL-1204-G05MN Cable connectors Coating Contacts Form Cable length Model name Part No. Cable M12, Enclosure rating IP 67 PVC 5 PUR halogenfree 5 straight 2 m DOL-1205-G02M m DOL-1205-G05M m DOL-1205-G02MC m DOL-1205-G05MC Cable connectors Coating Contacts Form Cable length Model name Part No. Cable M12, Enclosure rating IP 67 PVC 8 PUR halogenfree 8 straight 2 m DOL-1208-G02M m DOL-1208-G05M m DOL-1208-G02MC m DOL-1208-G05MC Mounting Mounting Model name Part No. Aluminium device fixture for PBS BEF-FL-ALUPBS-HLDR Mounting Process connection Dimensions Model name Part No. G 1 B with O-ring see dimensional drawing 1 BEF-FL-316G10-B0PH Weld-in flange for PFT with flushmounted membrane G ½ B with O-ring see dimensional drawing 2 BEF-FL-316G12-B0PH G 1 B, acc. to EHEDG (on request) see dimensional drawing 3 BEF-FL-316G10-BHYG Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

43 Pressure Sensors Pressure LFT Units Pressure Units bar MPa kg/cm 2 psi mmhg (0 C) torr inchhg (60 F) mmh2o (16 C) inchh2o (60 F) 1 bar MPa kg/cm psi mmhg (0 C) torr inchhg (60 F) mmh2o (16 C) E E inchh2o (60 F) bar (bar) = 100,000 Pa = 0.1 MPa atm (physical or standard atmosphere)» Pa PSI (pounds per square inch)» 6895 Pa mmhg (millimeter mercury)» 133 Pa torr (=mmhg)» 133 Pa inchhg (inches of mercury)» Pa mmh2o (millimeter of water column)» 9.81 Pa inchh2o (inches of water column)» 249 Pa S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 4 3

44 Explosion protection according to ATEX ATEX Directive 94/9 The directive 94/9 set the framework for the unification of the statutory provisions for protective devices and systems used in potentially explosive atmospheres for of all Member States of the European Union. This directive, generally known as ATEX (for Atmosphère explosible ) was implemented in Germany with the 11th Equipment and Product Safety Act ( Explosion protection act / 11th GPSGV). Thus, there exist detailed rules for the marketing of new equipment and protective systems for use in hazardous locations. In accordance with the regulations of the directive, products are classified into device groups and categories. Equipment groups Equipment group I encompasses equipment for use in underground mining, including surface equipment Equipment group II encompasses equipment for use in surface operations and is subdivided into categories 1-3. Categories and zones Category 1 - Very high safety measures Equipment for use in areas (zones) in which explosive atmospheres are present continuously, long-term or frequently. Also for seldom occurring problems, explosion protection must be guaranteed. Category 1 matches the zone 0 for gases, flammable dust and vapor as well as zone 20 for areas, in which potentially explosive atmospheres exist in the form of a flammable dust cloud in the air either constantly, on a long-term basis or frequently. Terms of the Zones 0 and 20 might also occur inside boxes, pipe lines and equipment. Category 2 - High safety measures Equipment for use in areas (zones) in which explosive atmospheres only occasionally occur. Explosion protection must also be guaranteed for frequently occurring equipment problems. This category is represented by zone 1 for gases, vapours and fog as well as zone 21 for dust environments, where explosive atmosphere occurs sometimes in form of a cloud of combustible dust under normal operation. Among these can count e.g., dust extraction and filling stations and areas in which an explosive concentration of combustible dust together with air can generate under normal operation. Category 3 - Normal safety measures Equipment for use in areas (zones) in which no explosive atmosphere is to be expected. However, in the case an explosive atmosphere does occur, then only very rarely and only temporarily. Under normal operation, category 3 equipment must guarantee the required safety measures. The corresponding zones are Zone 2 for gases, dust and vapor as well as zone 22 for areas in which it is to be expected that potentially dangerous atmospheres occasionally occur in the form of a cloud of flammable dust in the air under normal operating conditions. Among these can count areas around dust containing instruments, protective systems and components in which dust can penetrate due to lack of tightness and dust deposits can be caused. Equipment group II Equipment for use in other potentially explosive areas Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Danger constantly, frequently or over occasionally seldom and on a temporary basis a long period Requirement very high safety high safety standard safety Zone Zone 0 Zone 20 Substance group G = Gas, D= Dust Certification Zone 1 Zone 21 Zone 2 Zone 22 G D G D G D After a test center has ensured that a device meets the basic safety requirements, it creates a test report. This test report is the basis for a certificate authority (notified body) to issue an EC type-examination certificate. The CE and ATEX symbols may only be attached to the product when yet another certificate of a notified body per Directive 97/9 concerning the quality assurance of the production of the products has also been granted for the corresponding product group and when the manufacturer has issued a conformity declaration concerning the conformity of the products with the construction type treated in the EC type-examination certificate. 44 Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

45 Principles of explosion protection For the establishment of standard guidelines by defining safety measures, flammable liquids and gases are classified into explosive groups and temperature classes dependent on their explosive-relevant properties. Explosive groups Gases and vapors are classified into three explosive groups (IIA, IIB und IIC) owing to their particular flammability. The hazardousness thus increases from explosion group IIA to IIC. (The higher explosion groups also encompass the lower groups, e.g. IIC encompasses the lower groups IIB and IIA). Temperature classes In order to facilitate the planning of an installation, 6 temperature classes (T1 to T6) have been established for the approved surface temperatures. Depending on their respective flammability, certain flammable gases and vapors can be classified under these temperature classes. For the temperature classes, the following maximum permitted surface temperatures are valid for equipment (the higher temperature classes encompass the lower classes, e.g. T6 includes the lower temperature classes T5 to T1): Class maximum surface temperature T1 450 C T4 135 C T2 300 C T5 100 C T3 200 C T6 85 C Types of flammable protection Using technical measures it must be ensured that, in accordance with the grouping of a given explosive composite (gap width, temperature class), no source of ignition can become effective. There are several technical possibilities to achieve explosion protection of an electrical device. The types of flammable protection are listed in the table. On the explosive identification label of a device, the type of flammable protection accorded to the device is indicated by the initial letters of the type of flammable protection. Flammable Protection Drive enclosure d Enhanced safety e Pressurization, purging p Intrinsic safety i Oil immersion o Quartz filled q Molded encasing m Non-incendive, nonsparking n Description The components that could trigger ignition are installed in a housing that withstands the explosion pressure. The openings of the housing are designed such that an outward transmission of the explosion is prevented. The development of sparks, electric arcs, or impermissible temperatures that could function as a source of ignition, is prevented by additional measures and an increased degree of safety. The housing of the devices is filled with a protective gas. An excess pressure is maintained so that an explosive gas mixture cannot reach the possible ignition sources arranged in the interior of the housing. If necessary, gas flows continuously through the housing. The supply of the electric equipment is led through a safety barrier that limits current and voltage to such an extent that the minimum ignition energy and ignition temperature of an explosive mixture is not reached. The parts of the electric equipment from which an ignition can arise are immersed in a protective liquid (mostly oil). The equipment is filled with fine-grained sand. A possible electric arc is cooled so much that the ignition of an explosive mixture is impossible. The surface temperature must not exceed the limit value. The parts of the electric equipment that can create ignition sources are embedded in casting compound so that an electric arc cannot pass through to an explosive mixture outside the casing. In normal operation and with defined errors, there is no risk of ignition from the electric equipment S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 4 5

46 Dielectric constants Substance Value Acetal 3.8 Acetaldehyde 15.0 Acetamide 59.2 Acetoacetic acid ethyl ester 15.0 Acetone 21.5 Acetophenone 18.0 Acetylacetone 23.0 Acetyl bromide 16.2 Acetyl chloride 15.9 Acetylene dibromide 7.2 Acetylene tetrabromide 5.6 Aconite acid ester 6.3 Adipic Acid 1.8 Alum 4.2 Allyl alcohol 20.6 Allyl chloride 8.2 Allyl iodide 6.1 Aluminium bromide 3.4 Aluminium hydroxide 2.5 Aluminium splinters 7.3 Aluminium sulfate 2.6 Formic acid 57.9 Ammonia 15.0 Ammonia solution (25%) 31.6 Pentanol 14.8 Amyl amine 4.5 Aniline 7.0 Anisealdehyde 22.3 Anisole 4.5 Anthracite/hard coal 3.2 Antimony hydride 1.8 Malic acid diethylester 10.0 Argon 1.5 Arsine 2.1 Arsole 2.3 Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) 2.1 Azelaic acid diethylester 5.0 Azoxybenzene 5.2 Benzal chloride 6.9 Benzaldehyd 17.6 Benzil (80 C) 10.0 Bentonit 8.1 Benzalchlorid 6.9 Benzaldehyd 17.6 Benzil (80 C) 10.0 Substance Value Gas 2.0 Benzene 2.3 Benzene, heavy 3.2 Benzyl alcohol 13.5 Benzyl^amine 4.6 Benzyl chloride 7.0 Beer brew 25.0 Bitumen 2.8 Hydrogen cyanide Bore oil emulsion 25.0 Bornylacetat 4.6 Bromine 3.1 Butanoic acid 3.0 Camphene 2.3 Caproic acid 2.6 Caprylic acid 2.5 Carbonylcyanid 10.7 Cellit 1.6 Cetyl alcohol (60 C) 3.6 Quinoline 8.8 Chlor, fluid 2.1 Chloral 6.7 Chlor benzene 5.7 Chloroacetic acid 33.4 Chloorhydrin 31.0 Chlorinated lime 2.3 Chloroform (trichlormethane) 4.8 Cuminaldehyde 10.7 Cyanogen 2.5 Decalin 2.1 Degalan 3.1 Desmodur 10.0 Diacetone alcohol 18.2 Diamylether 3.0 Dibenzofuran (100 C) 3.0 Dibenzyl (60 C) 2.5 Diesel Fuel 2.1 Diethylamine 3.8 Dimethylether (methyl ether) 5.0 Diofan 32.0 Dioxane 2.0 Diphenyl 2.5 Emulphor 4.0 Epichlorhydrin 23.0 Epichlorhydrin 23.0 Substance Value Acetic acid 6.2 Ethanol (ethyl alkohol) 16.2 Aether 4.0 Ethayl acetate 6.0 Ethylamine 6.9 Ethyl benzoate 6.0 Ethyl benzene 2.4 Ethylene chlorhydrin 25.0 Ethylene chloride 10.6 Ethylenediamine 15.0 Etylene oxide 13.9 Ethyl mercaptan 6.9 Fenchone 12.8 Green vitriol 32.4 Fatty acid 1.7 Fish oil 2.6 Fluorbenzene 6.4 Hydrogen Fluoride 83.6 Formamide Furan 3.0 Furfurol 41.7 Germanium tetrachloride 2.4 Glucose (50%) 30.0 Glycerol 13.2 Glycerol water 37.0 Glycol 37.0 Glysantin 25.0 Granuform 4.0 Guaiacol 11.0 Urea 2.9 Hot glue 2.3 Heating oil 2.1 Helium 1.1 Heptane 1.9 Heptanal 9.1 Heptanoic acid 2.6 Heptene 2.1 Hexane 1.9 Hexene 2.1 Hexanol 12.5 Hydrazine 58.0 Imidazole, pure 23.0 Isoamyl acetate 4.8 Isoamyl alcohol 15.6 Isoamyl bromide Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

47 Substance Value Isoamyl chloride 6.1 Isoamyl ether 2.8 Isoamyl iodide 5.6 Isobutanoic acid 2.6 Isobutyl alcohol 18.1 Isobutyl amine 4.4 Isobutyl benzene 2.3 Isobutyl bromide 7.2 Isobutyl chloride 6.5 Isobutyl cyanide 18.0 Isobutyl iodide 6.5 Isobutyl nitrate 11.7 Isobutyl silane 2.5 Isoquinoline 10.7 Isocyanate 6.1 Isoprene 2.1 Isopropanol 18.0 Isosafrol 3.3 Iodine 11.1 Iodobenzene 4.6 Methyl iodide 7.1 Hydrogen iodide 2.9 Caustic potash 3.3 Potato starch 1.7 Silicic acid 2.0 Diethyl carbonate 2.8 Cresol 11.0 Cresol resin 18.3 Laughing gas 1.5 Lanolin 4.2 Latex 24.0 Lauric acid ethyl ester 3.4 Linoleic acid 2.7 Solvent 18.0 Mandelic acid nitril 18.0 Menthol 4.0 Mesityl oxide 15.0 Methanol (methyl alkohol) 33.0 Methyl acetate 8.0 Methylene bromide 7.0 Methylene chloride 9.0 Methylene chloride 9.1 Metylene iodide 5.3 Methyl nitrate 23.5 Methyl cellulose 3.0 Substance Value Mono chlormethane 9.8 Morpholine 7.3 Naphthenic acid 2.6 Soda 3.0 Sodium methylate 1.5 Sodium perborate 2.2 Sodium peroxide 2.7 Sodium sulfate 2.7 Nitrobenzene 35.0 Nitroethane 29.0 Nitroglycol 28.3 Nitro varnish 5.2 Nitromethane 39.0 Nitrosyl bromide 15.2 Nitrosyl chloride 19.0 Octane 2.0 Octene 2.1 Octyl bromide 5.0 Oil 2.0 Oleic acid 2.5 Oxalo ethyl acetate 6.0 Palmitic acid 2.3 Paraffin 1.6 Paraldehyde 15.1 Pelargon 2.8 Penta borane 21.0 Penta ethyl chloride 3.8 Penta chlortoluene 4.8 Pentane 1.8 Pentanal 11.8 Pentene 2.0 Perchlorate 3.6 Hexachlorobutadiene 2.6 Phenetole 4.2 Phenol 8.0 Phenol resin 7.4 Phosphorus, liquid 3.9 Pinane 2.1 Piperidine 5.8 Polyamide pellets 1.7 Polyethylene 1.2 Polypropylene 1.6 Polyrol 2.8 Polyvinyl acetals 2.8 Propionaldehyde 14.4 Substance Value Propanol (propyl alcohol) 2.2 Propanoic acid 3.2 Propylamine 3.0 Propylene, liquid 1.9 Propylene chloride 9.0 Propylether 3.3 Pyridine 13.2 Pyrroles 8.0 Mercury diethyl 2.1 Saccharose solution 20.0 Nitric acid (98%) 19.0 Hydrochloric acid 5.0 Salt water 32.0 Oxygen 1.5 Black liquor 32.0 Sulphur dioxide 14.0 Sulfuric acide 21.9 Sulfuric acide (17%) 31.0 Sulfuric acide (97%) 8.6 Sulfur trioxide 3.1 Hydrogen sulfide 6.0 Heavy fuel oil 2.2 Silicone oil 2.7 Stearic acid 2.3 Terephthalic acid 1.5 White spirit 2.0 Terpinene 2.7 Terpinolene 2.3 Tetrachlorethylene 2.5 Carbon tetrachloride 2.3 Titan tetrachloride 2.8 Trichloroethylene 3.2 Triptan 1.9 Valeric acid 2.7 Water 80.3 Water (360 C) 10.0 Water, demineralisiert 29.3 Water, heavy 78.3 Sodium silicate 16.0 Hydrogen 1.2 Hydrogen peroxide 84.2 Wine 25.0 Tartaric acid 35.9 Xylitol 40.0 Xylene 2.3 No responsibility is taken for the correctness of this information S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 4 7

48 Pressure and level measurement technical terms 3-A 3-A (3-A Sanitary Standards, Inc.) based in McLean, Virgina, USA, is an association for the drafting of directives for the hygienic processing and packaging of dairy products and other foodstuffs. 3-A issues certificates for machine components that comply with their standards. The EHEDG has a comparable function for the European market. Absolute pressure Absolute pressure measurement delivers the pressure signal based on a concrete reference, the vacuum. In this way, the influence of weather-related environmental pressure fluctuations or geographical altitude changes on pressure measurement is eliminated. ATEX ATEX (Atmosphère explosible) describes the directives of the European Union pertaining to explosion protection, including, amongst others, Directive 94/9/EC. Capacitive measurement A capacitive sensor detects changes in the electrical field of its environment. In level monitoring, the presence of conductive or nonconductive media can thus be detected and an appropriate switching or analog signal emitted. In this case, the sensor must not necessarily come into contact with the medium. Compound range While a typical gauge pressure measurement measures the over pressure within a vessel and delivers a zero signal upon applying ambient pressure, the measurement range of a pressure transmitter with compound range has a typical span of -1 bar to the respective maximum value. Hence, the compound ranges are gauge measurement ranges with a shifted zero point. DTM EHEDG EHEDG (European Hygienic Engineering & Design Group) compiles directives for the hygienic processing and packaging of foodstuffs and develops tests for the verification of hygienic standards. 3-A Sanitary Standards undertakes a comparable function for directives for the American market. Electronic pressure switch A device is described as a pressure switch if it possesses switching outputs which are activated when defined pressure values (switching points) are reached. An electronic pressure switch possesses transistor outputs (PNP / NPN). It is normally connected to PC-control or PLC. FDA The FDA (Federal Food and Drug Administration) based in Silver Spring, Maryland, USA, is the American supervisory body for drugs and foodstuffs. Amongst other responsibilities, it decrees the regulations on the use of substances in hygienic environments. FKM / FPM FKM (according to ISO) or the equivalent FPM (according to DIN) describes fluor or rubber variations, which are distinguished by their durability and temperature stability. They are often used as sealing material, the most well-known trade mark of which is 'Viton'. Flush-mounted diaphragms Hygienic applications require a cavity-free construction, so that no media remains can adhere during operation and the pressure sensor can be cleaned easily. In case of pressure sensors this requires flush-mounted diaphragms. SICK's pressure sensors and switches with a flush-mounted diaphragm are fitted with hermetically-sealed stainless-steel diaphragms, which are circularly welded. Therefore, sealing of the diaphragm against the housing becomes unnecessary. See also Filling Liquids A DTM (Device Type Manager) encompasses all functions, the structure, the parameters and the graphic user interface for a particular field device or device family. It is installed as a program on a PC, but can only be started from a framework application. 48 Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

49 Filling liquids In order to decouple the process medium from the measuring diaphragm, stainless-steel diaphragms are used which come into direct contact with the medium. E.g., in the case of piezoresistive measuring cells, it is necessary to protect the sensitive measuring diaphragm from the medium. The pressure transfer from the upstream stainless-steel diaphragm to the measuring diaphragm of the measuring cell occurs hydraulically using the so-called filling liquid. Using filling liquids, pressure sensors and switches are also realized with (stainless steel) flush-mounted diaphragms. The stainless steel diaphragms are then usually designed without cavities, in order to address applications destined for dirty mediums or applications in sterile process engineering. For hygienic applications in the food industry, strict standards are imposed on filling fluids. For such applications, SICK fundamentally uses filling liquids which meet the standards of the US Food and Drug Association (FDA). Gauge pressure Gauge pressure measurement is when the pressure of a container is measured relatively to the environment. Thus, the gauge pressure measurement monitors the over pressure that exists in the container. The relative pressure measurement represents the most common type of pressure measurement in engineering. HACCP HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point) is an FMEAmethodology-related concept for the management and documentation of the processes of hygienic processing and the relevant distribution of foodstuffs. Various laws and regulations stipulate the compulsory use of the HACCP concept, including the German regulation on the hygiene of foodstuffs and the European Regulation 852/2004. IO-Link IO-Link is a manufacturer-comprehensive, cost-effective, pointto-point connection compiled for communication-competent sensors at the field level. Level probes Level probes are used in the level measurement of liquids. In a given water depth, which is measured precisely using level probes liquid columns generate the so-called hydrostatic pressure. As rule of thumb, the following applies: 10 m water depth corresponds to the pressure of ca. 1 bar. The density and therefore the type of liquid directly influences the hydrostatic pressure and, must therefore, be known for conversion of the measured pressure to the correct filling level. Since the density of the liquid is also dependent upon temperature, SICK offers optional temperature measurement with its LFH level probe. Measurement accurary/ Non-linearity Measurement accuracy relates to the maximum deviation of the actual output signal over the ideal characteristic curve. This includes deviation from the line (Non-linearity), zero point and final value error and hysteresis. Precision measurement is given in % of the span. When specifying measurement precision, SICK refers to measurement error according to IEC NBR NBR (Nitrile Butadiene Rubber) is a material from synthetic rubber. It offers good temperature flexibility and a good resistance to swelling in oils, fats and fuels. That is why NBR is often used as a sealing substance. Optical level monitoring For optical level monitoring, a variety of measurement principles can be applied. The most common are limit switches that make use of the different refractive indices of air and liquid and thus generate a measuring signal via the changed reflection of the light beam. For continuous measurement, laser sensors can be used. In this case, the time-of-flight of a laser pulse from its emission to the return of its reflection is determined and from that, the distance of the surface of the medium from the sensor is calculated. PBT PBT (Polybutylene terephthalate) is a plastic which is often used as a housing material, owing to its properties in fluidsensor technology. PBT exhibits a comparably high chemical resistance against aliphatic compounds and arenes, as well as high temperature stability S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 4 9

50 Pressure and level measurement technical terms Pressure Pressure is the ratio of perpendicular force on a surface relative to the size of this area. The SI unit of pressure is pascal = 1 Pa = 1 N / m 2. Derived from this is the unit bar = 0.1 MPa in engineering. Pressure measurement ranges / overpressure safety / burst pressure The pressure-measuring ranges relate to the specific pressure area in which the electrical output signal is proportionally to the applied pressure. When the upper or lower end of measuring range is exceeded or falls short respectively, the output signal generally deviates from the specified characteristic curve. As soon as the pressure returns to within the pressure-measuring range, the device once again supplies the specified output signal. Should the pressure become pressurized above the so-called overpressure safety, however, irreparable damage occurs. The device is damaged. Should the applied pressure be exceeded further above the burst pressure, the diaphragm will be damaged. Pressure port / pressure peak damping The process medium is introduced through a borehole through the process connection to the diaphragm of the measuring cell. This borehole is also described as a pressure port. In the case of hydraulic applications, pressure peaks can arise as a result of valve switching. In order to dampen these pressure peaks, SICK offers pressure sensors and switches with reduced internal diameters of the pressure port. Thus, the pressure peak damping element becomes part of the device and, in principal, cannot be lost, unlike with the alternative, screw-on damping elements, which can lead to annoying unforeseen incidents. Pressure measurement principles SICK uses for its pressure transmitters, pressure switches and level probes dependent from the pressure measurering range piezo-resistive or thin metal film sensors. Pressure transmitter Process connection Process connection or pressure connection refers to the mechanical connection between a container and a sensor. Here, there are numerous regionally-different threads or flanges to choose from. In Europe, type G pipe threads with various diameters are mainly used. A widely-used thread in pressure measurement is the so-called manometer connection according to EN837, which is based on a G-thread and on the front head of which a spigot holds the seal in position. In the USA, NPT-type threads (=National Pipe Thread) are usually used. The process connections are available with either internal or external threads. PTFE PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), colloquially mainly known as Teflon, is a fluorocarbon polymer with particularly high chemical resistance, especially against bases, alcohols, ketones, benzines and oils. At the same time, the substance has a high temperature stability. PTFE is used as a sealing material and as protection against chemically-aggressive media, amongst other uses. Rated temperature area The rated temperature range indicates the temperature rate in which the performance data specified in the data sheet are valid. Sealing devices Most of the common process connections are sealed using a sealing device, e.g. an elastomer-o-ring. Depending on the type of the process-connection model, either elastomer sealing devices or metal seals are used. When deciding on a sealing device, it is important to pay heed to the type of process connection being used and which environmental conditions, e.g. temperature or chemical corrosivity of the process medium, the sealing device has to withstand. Process connections with a conical thread (e.g. NPT) do not require a sealing device. These seals are self-sealing within the thread itself and are sealed using Teflon tape or a sealing compound. A pressure transmitter is described as a pressure sensor which converts pressure into an industrial-type output signal (e.g ma or 0 10 V). 50 Pre s sure- and Le vel Me a surement Sic k

51 Stainless steel Alloyed and non-alloyed steels with a particular purity are described as stainless steel; colloquially, above all non-rusting steels are meant. There are differing identification standards for stainless steel alloys, of which EN (e.g ) and the American Iron and Steel Institute (e.g. 316L) are the most well known. SICK applies, for example, the following stainless steels to be in contact with the medium product: (316L): X2CrNiMo (316L): X2CrNiMo (316Ti): X6CrNiMoTi Span The span refers to the difference between the output signals at the lower and upper range limits. Thus, a 4 20 ma current output has a span of 16 ma. TDR TDR (Time Domain Reflectometry) is a time-of-flight measurement principle in which a microwave pulse is coupled with a probe. When the pulse hits the medium surface, part of the energy is reflected and, on the basis of the time of flight of this signal, the distance of the reflection position is given. By analyzing the time of flight, the process is uninfluenced by the properties of the medium and thus there is no need for adjustment. SICK's TDR level sensor LFT offers a universally applicable solution, which works in liquids with a medium dielectric constant of at least 1.8 and therefore in all conventional oil and water-based liquids. UL Ultrasonic Ultrasonic refers to frequencies between 20 Kilohertz and 1 Gigahertz. Ultrasonic devices in fluid measurement are used in the measurement of distances (for example in level measurement of containers) and of quantities (for example flow measurement in liquids). Vibration is typically generated piezoelectrically. The time of flight between emission of the ultrasonic signal and reception of the reflection is measured. Vibronic measurement Vibronic (also known as the tuning-fork principle) is an adjustment-free measurement technology for point-level measurement in fluids and solids. The robust measuring method is based on the piezo-electric generation of a vibration, which is transmitted to a fork inside the tank. As soon as the tuning fork is covered by liquid or solid matter, there is a change in the vibration. This frequency or amplitude change is detected piezo-electrically. In contrast to the point-level measurement by means of float gauges or capacitive switches, this technology is easier to install, hardly dependant on medium properties and very robust against contamination. WHG The German Law on the Regulation of Water (WHG) regulates the protection and use of water. Amongst other issues, 19 contains the regulations pertaining to the handling of substances hazardous to waters. Here, the use of overfill protection in containers with substances hazardous to waters is stipulated. For use as overfill protection, the Deutsche Institut für Bautechnik (DiBt) in Berlin issues the appropriate authorization. SICK's sensors of the LFV200 and LFV300 series have, for example, received this certification. UL (Underwriters Laboratories Inc.), headquartered in Northbrook, Illinois, USA, is an American company that performs product safety tests and issues corresponding certificates. Founded as a public service company for fire insurance companies, today UL still is connected strongly with fire protection. The certificates issued by UL include UL Listing and UL Recognized Component as well as a variety of other certificates specific to product groups S i c k P r e s s u r e - a n d L e v e l M e a s u r e m e n t 5 1

52 / DIV09/FD Printed in Germany ( ) Subject to change without notice WB USmod intus 34 Worldwide presence with subsidiaries in the following countries: Australia Belgium/Luxembourg Brasil Ceská Republika China Danmark Deutschland España France Great Britain India Israel Italia Japan Nederland Norge Österreich Polska Republic of Korea Republika Slovenija România Russia Schweiz Singapore Suomi Sverige Taiwan Türkiye United Arab Emirates USA/Canada/México Please find detailed addresses and additional representatives and agencies in all major industrial nations at Handed over by: Our Business Segment Expertise Factory automation With its intelligent sensors, safety systems, and automatic identification applications, SICK provides comprehensive solutions for factory automation. Logistics automation Sensors made by SICK form the basis for automating material flows and the optimization of sorting and warehousing processes. Process automation Optimized system solutions from SICK ensure efficient acquisition of environmental and process data in many industrial processes. Non-contact detecting, counting, classifying, and positioning of any type of object Accident protection and personal safety using sensors, as well as safety software and services Automated identification with barcode and RFID reading devices for the purpose of sorting and target control in industrial material flow Detecting volume, position, and contours of objects and surroundings with laser measurement systems Precise measurement of gases, liquids and dust concentrations for continuous monitoring of emissions and the acquisition of process data in production processes Gas flow measurements with maximum accuracy thanks to compact gas meters SICK AG Waldkirch Germany