HDTV Mobile Reception in Automobiles
|
|
- Kelley Ross
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 HDTV Mobile Reception in Automobiles NOBUO ITOH AND KENICHI TSUCHIDA Invited Paper Mobile reception of digital terrestrial broadcasting carrying an 18-Mb/s digital HDTV signals is achieved. The effect of diversity reception in moving automobiles for a 64 quadrature amplitude modulation orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (QAM-OFDM) signal is investigated by prototype hardware. There are two methods for diversity reception of OFDM signals. The first is the Doppler compensation directivity control system. For this method, high-performance on-glass antennas and new diversity reception systems for OFDM reception have been developed to verify HDTV service availability in mobile reception environments. Novel horizontally polarized on-glass antennas suitable for DTV were developed. The antenna elements were printed on the inside surface of the rear window glass of a passenger van. OFDM signals received by the four antenna elements were weighted and combined using maximal ratio combining (MRC). The experiments were conducted in urban areas and they showed that employing diversity techniques would make HDTV mobile reception possible in many areas. The other method is post-fft diversity. In the receiver, MRC is performed after an FFT operation on each branch signal. Experimental results show that accurate HDTV mobile reception can be achieved by using a four-branch MRC system. Also, the minimum usable electric field strength could be reduced compared with that of a single dipole antenna. Keywords Adaptive array antenna, digital terrestrial television broadcasting (DTTB), diversity reception, high definition television (HDTV), ISDB-T, mobile reception, OFDM. I. INTRODUCTION Many HDTV programs are broadcast on each 6-MHz channel in Japan. Mobile receivers are being developed so that viewers can enjoy HDTV programs anywhere they go. Up to now, it has been a big challenge to make mobile receivers that can display HDTV programs in a car. A directional antenna with high gain and a narrow beam width is used for fixed reception. Moreover, it is assumed that the antenna is usually set about 10 m above the ground Manuscript received March 11, 2005; revised August 25, N. Itoh is with Toyota Central R&D Laboratories Inc., Aichi , Japan ( n-itoh@mosk.tytlabs.co.jp). K. Tsuchida is with NHK (Japan Broadcasting Corporation), Tokyo , Japan ( tsuchida.k-fy@nhk.or.jp). Digital Object Identifier /JPROC on a house rooftop. On the other hand, mobile receivers usually use an omnidirectional antenna, which has smaller gain and is set no more than a few meters above the ground. Besides the consequent decrease in signal-to-noise ratio and increase in multipath effects, mobile reception conditions change according to the movement of receiver. Although such conditions make HDTV reception in a mobile environment difficult, diversity reception techniques can improve the quality of mobile reception. There are two methods for diversity reception of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals. The first one is Doppler compensation directivity control. For this method, high-performance on-glass antennas and new diversity reception systems for OFDM reception have been developed to verify HDTV service availability in mobile reception environments. In particular, novel horizontally polarized on-glass antennas suitable for digital television were developed. Four antenna elements were printed on the inside surface of the rear window glass of a passenger van. OFDM signals received by the antenna elements were weighted and combined using maximal ratio combining (MRC). The experiments were conducted in urban areas, and they showed that employing diversity techniques would make HDTV mobile reception possible in many areas. The other method is post-fft diversity. In the receiver, MRC is performed after an FFT operation on each branch signal. Experimental results show that accurate HDTV mobile reception can be achieved by using a four-branch MRC system. Also, the minimum usable electric field strength could be reduced in comparison with that of a single dipole antenna. This paper first describes the problems concerning mobile reception and then discusses the two technologies developed for improving reception characteristics. II. PROBLEMS OF MOBILE RECEPTION A. Difference Between Received Electric Field Strengths Due to Lower Receiving Antenna Height As shown in Fig. 1, compared with an antenna for fixed reception in a typical household, the antenna for mobile /$ IEEE 274 PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE, VOL. 94, NO. 1, JANUARY 2006
2 Fig. 1. Radio wave environment for mobile reception. Fig. 2. Example of field strength variation in mobile reception. reception is lower and, as a result, the received electric field strength is lower. According to ITU-R Recommendation P.1546 [1], the correction value for received electric field strengths in the UHF band for reception at 10 m and 1.5 m above ground is 16 db. Moreover, experimental tests [2] using a Yagi antenna set 10 m above the ground and a standard dipole antenna set at 1.2 m have shown that the average difference in the received electric field is 11.2 db with a standard deviation of 3.4 db. B. Variation in Received Electric Field Strength Fig. 2 shows an example of the measured variation in electric field strength during mobile reception. An OFDM signal at 509 MHz (bandwidth: about 430 khz) was measured by a receiver moving at 36 km/h. The figure shows that electric field strength instantaneously drops many times during a short traveling distance of 10 m. C. Frequency Shift Due to Doppler Effect During mobile reception, the reception frequency is shifted by the Doppler effect. If a radio wave signal is received from one direction, the received frequency can be controlled in accordance with the frequency shift of the received signal. In contrast, if radio wave signals are received from many directions owing to reflections from buildings and so on, the amount of received frequency shift depends on the direction from which the signal came, and the combination and demodulation of these signals with various Fig. 3. Antenna directivity control technology. frequency shifts will degrade the reception characteristics. In addition, as the transmission frequency and traveling speed of the mobile receiver increase, the frequency shift increases. For example, at the highest frequency in the UHF band (i.e., 767 MHz), the maximum Doppler shift is about 70 Hz at 100 km/h. This shift in the UHF band at high traveling speeds is too big to be neglected. III. MOBILE-RECEPTION TECHNOLOGIES To solve the problems described above, the input level of a receiver must be increased. The following sections describe two methods for doing this. A. Doppler Compensation Directivity Control System [3], [4] We have developed a mobile reception technique combining adaptive directional control technology with Doppler compensation technology to stably receive HDTV programs with the quality of fixed reception while traveling in a highspeed automobile. 1) Directional Control Technology [5]: As an automobile moves, the conditions of incoming radio waves, interception, and reflections from nearby buildings are all subject to change. To deal with these changes, a control system was ITOH AND TSUCHIDA: HDTV MOBILE RECEPTION IN AUTOMOBILES 275
3 Fig. 4. Block diagram of antenna directivity control. Fig. 5. Doppler compensation technology. Fig. 7. High-speed mobile receiving system. Fig. 6. Doppler compensation using two antennas spaced closely. developed to continuously optimize the sensitivity of the antenna to momentary changes in the arrival direction of radio waves (Fig. 3). The control was achieved electronically by processing the received signals from an array of multiple antennas. Fig. 4 shows the basic algorithm. The phase difference was calculated using the complex correlation coefficients between the received signals at each antenna and the combined signal, after which the complex coefficients for each multiplier were determined so as to sequentially compensate for the difference. Besides working effectively in a low CN ratio environment, this algorithm can suppress problematic multipaths in mobile reception by improving the antenna sensitivity to the desired wave direction. 2) Doppler Compensation Technology: During high-speed driving, Doppler shifts occur in proportion to the vehicle speed. In particular, high speed in urban areas causes multiple Doppler shifts in the incoming waves reflected from various directions. This effect has made it impossible to receive broadcasts while traveling at high speeds in such areas. However, if the reception point remains stationary, a Doppler shift does not occur. The Doppler shifts can be compensated as follows. Let us assume that a car equipped with a two-element antenna travels as indicated in Fig. 5. The signals from the stationary point on the ground are estimated from the signals received by two antennas. The 276 PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE, VOL. 94, NO. 1, JANUARY 2006
4 Fig. 8. Image comparison with digital high-definition television broadcasting and analog broadcasting. receiving point remains stationary on the ground, whereas from the viewpoint of the automobile, it moves backward with the same speed as the automobile. Fig. 6 shows an actual application. The signal received by the two antennas closely spaced on the side window glass is corrected by taking into account the driving speed of the automobile. This permits an estimate of the signal received at a fixed point. 3) High-Speed Mobile Receiving System: Fig. 7 shows an outline of the demonstration system. The antenna was made of transparent film, which did not obstruct the driver s view. Two elements were attached to each of the front, rear, and side windows of the bus, totaling eight elements. The two elements on each side were set close to each other in order to improve the reception characteristics during high-speed traveling. The radio waves received by these antennas were input into a signal processor for Doppler compensation and directivity control 4) Demonstration: Fig. 8 compares digital HDTV received by this high-speed reception system with analog TV images received by a conventional receiver in a bus. The analog broadcast images were distorted by the bus movement, even in areas where the electric field strength was high. On the other hand, the digital HDTV images received by the high-speed system showed no blurring, and a stable image could be continuously received. 5) Experimental Results: We measured the mobile reception characteristics while traveling at high speed on an expressway in Japan. The same bus equipped with the high-speed mobile reception system was used in this experiment. Fig. 9 illustrates the reception results, superimposed on a map of the Tokyo area where the experimental course was located. The image reception rates at each point (calculated in terms of TS packet errors) are shown in different colors, with the reception conditions being plotted on the map along the course of travel. Except in tunnels, most of the measured locations in downtown Tokyo had good reception characteristics (shown in blue) during high-speed driving. Departing from Tokyo Tower and driving southwest on the expressway, reception characteristics gradually deteriorated until it became impossible beyond the Yokohama/Machida Interchange. The boundary lines for the fixed reception area, provided by the Association for Promotion of Digital Broadcasting (D-PA), are also shown in the figure. The lines have been plotted on the map used for this experiment for comparison with the mobile reception area of the demonstration. Doing so reveals that the high-speed mobile reception system could receive terrestrial digital HDTV over almost the same area that D-PA quoted as the fixed reception area. In addition, since the experiments conducted on actual roads were limited, evaluations were also conducted in the laboratory. These bench experiments indicated that the Doppler compensation directivity control system can achieve stable reception under simulated circumstances of traveling at 180 km/h. B. Post-FFT Diversity System As a means to stably receive HDTV programs with the quality of fixed reception while traveling in a high-speed automobile, this mobile reception technique involves separating OFDM signals into individual carriers and selecting and combining signals according to carrier units. 1) Method [6]: We employ space diversity reception, which uses multiple receiving antennas and selects or combines the signals received by them. Fig. 10 shows the block diagram of the post-fft diversity reception system for an OFDM channel. There are four antenna branches ITOH AND TSUCHIDA: HDTV MOBILE RECEPTION IN AUTOMOBILES 277
5 Fig. 9. Experiment result of high-speed mobile reception. Fig. 10. Block diagram of post-fft diversity reception system. for combining the received signal. Assuming that each signal is statistically uncorrelated, combining the signals would enhance the carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the OFDM channel. To maximize the CNR, MRC is performed after an FFT operation for the signals of each branch. The weighting factor for each carrier is derived from the frequency response, which is calculated from the scattered pilot (SP) signal of each branch signal. The weighting factor of l-branch MRC for the kth carrier follows: can be derived as (1) (2) 278 PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE, VOL. 94, NO. 1, JANUARY 2006
6 Table 2 Propagation Model (GSM/Typical Urban Area) Table 3 Maximum Receivable Doppler Frequency Fig. 11. Correct reception rate versus field strength as a function of the number of branches. Table 1 Required Field Strength for 50% and 90% Correct Reception Rate where is the frequency response of the channel, is the carrier, and is the output of MRC when l-branch diversity is used. 2) Experimental Results (Field Trials) [7]: We investigated the performance of the system utilizing the post-fft diversity reception in a car traveling in an urban and suburban area in Tokyo. The highest speed during the experiment was around 60 km/h. The reception antennas were horizontally nondirectional cross dipoles installed on the car s roof. Bit error rate (BER) performance and received electric field strength were measured at one-second intervals. Here, the correct reception rate (CRR) is defined as follows: diversity receiver. A Rayleigh fading environment was given independently for each branch, and the maximum receivable Doppler frequency was measured. The GSM typical urban area model [8] was used as the propagation model (see Table 2). Table 3 shows measurement results relative to the Doppler frequency shift. The measured maximum receivable Doppler frequency converted into corresponding traveling speeds for the transmission frequency of 600 MHz are 36 km/h for one branch, 117 km/h for two branches, 162 km/h for three branches, and 180 km/h for four branches. IV. CONCLUSION It is considered that HDTV mobile reception services will be possible on public transport like buses and trains and for passengers in the rear seats of private vehicles. In other words, it will become possible to provide new services hitherto unavailable by means of terrestrial analog or digital broadcasting. We anticipate that the popularity of mobile reception will spread as a wide variety of HDTV programs become available. CRR and BER where is electric field strength db V/m and is the electric field strength of a data sample. Fig. 11 shows the CRR versus electric field strength as a function of the number of branches. Table 1 shows the received electric field strengths for CRRs of 50% and 90%. The required electric field strength to obtain 90% CRR is 48 db V/m for four branches and 65 db V/m for one branch. The difference between four-branch and one-branch amounts to an improvement of 17 db. We also found that almost 100% correct reception was possible for four-branch diversity reception when the received electric field strength is higher than 50 db V/m. 3) Tolerance Against Frequency Shift Due to Doppler Effects: To evaluate the tolerance against Doppler frequency shift, a laboratory test was conducted with the prototype (3) REFERENCES [1] Method for point-to-area predictions for terrestrial services in the frequency range 30 MHz to 3000 MHz, ITU-R, Recommendation P [2] T. Taniguchi et al., Portable reception experiments of digital terrestrial television broadcasting the comparison with reception characteristics under fixed receptions, (in Japanese, ) ITE Tech. Rep. vol. 26, no. 53, pp , Jul. 2002, BCS [3] N. Itoh, Receiving over the air HDTV broadcasts in a moving car, (in Japanese, ) NikkeiBP AD Info no. 856, pp , Sep [4] N. Itoh, Receiving over the air HDTV broadcasts in a moving car, (in Japanese, ) NikkeiBP AD Info no. 857, pp , Sep [5] T. Shibata et al., Receiving HDTV on automobile, presented at the 11th World Congr. ITS, Nagoya, Japan, 2004, [6] H. Hamazumi et al., Characteristics of broad-band signal mobilereception use band-division-type diversity combination reception system-an example of improving characteristics of OFDM mobile reception, (in Japanese, ) IEICE Trans., vol. J80-B-2, no. 6, pp , [7] K. Kambara et al., Mobile reception of digital terrestrial broadcasting with 4 branches diversity receiver, presented at the 2003 ITE Annu. Conv., (in Japanese, ) [8] Recommendation 05.05, Global Systems for Mobile Communication (GSM). ITOH AND TSUCHIDA: HDTV MOBILE RECEPTION IN AUTOMOBILES 279
7 Nobuo Itoh received the B.E. and M.E. degrees from Fukui University, Fukui, Japan, in 1980 and 1982 and the Ph.D. degree from Gifu University Gifu, Japan, in He joined Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd in There he engaged in research of digital signal processing for hi-fi audio recording systems, HDTV transmission systems, and video image processing systems. During this period, he proposed a new digital modulation method for high-density recording and a new waveform equalization method for HDTV transmission. In 1998, he joined Toyota Central R&D Labs. Inc., Aichi, Japan, where he is a Laboratory Manager responsible for mobile communication systems. The main activities were a mobile reception system of terrestrial digital HDTV broadcasting and a high-reliability ITS communication system. He proposed an adaptive array antenna system to realize HDTV high-speed mobile reception. Dr. Itoh is a member of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers of Japan and the Institute of Image, Information and Television Engineers of Japan. Kenichi Tsuchida received the B.E. and M.E. degrees from Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan in 1988 and 1990, respectively. He joined NHK, Tokyo, Japan, in 1990 and has been with NHK Science and Technical Research Laboratories since He has studied digital terrestrial broadcasting systems and outside broadcasting link systems. His recent research interests include reception technique for digital terrestrial broadcasting in mobile situation. He studies the receiver s algorithms (channel estimation, channel correction, etc.) and diversity techniques for OFDM demodulation. 280 PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE, VOL. 94, NO. 1, JANUARY 2006
FUJITSU TEN's Approach to Digital Broadcasting
FUJITSU TEN's Approach to Digital Broadcasting Mitsuru Sasaki Kazuo Takayama 1. Introduction There has been a notable increase recently in the number of television commercials advertising television sets
More informationA NOVEL MULTI-SERVICE SIMULTANEOUS RECEIVER WITH DIVERSITY RECEPTION TECHNIQUE BY SHARING BRANCHES
A NOVEL MULTI-SERVICE SIMULTANEOUS RECEIVER WITH DIVERSITY RECEPTION TECHNIQUE BY SHARING BRANCHES Noriyoshi Suzuki (Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc., Nagakute, Aichi, Japan; nori@mcl.tytlabs.co.jp); Kenji
More informationA Novel On-Channel Repeater for Terrestrial-Digital Multimedia Broadcasting System of Korea
A Novel On-Channel Repeater for Terrestrial-Digital Multimedia Broadcasting System of Korea Sung Ik Park, Heung Mook Kim, So Ra Park, Yong-Tae Lee, and Jong Soo Lim Broadcasting Research Group Electronics
More informationORTHOGONAL frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)
144 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BROADCASTING, VOL. 51, NO. 1, MARCH 2005 Performance Analysis for OFDM-CDMA With Joint Frequency-Time Spreading Kan Zheng, Student Member, IEEE, Guoyan Zeng, and Wenbo Wang, Member,
More informationDVB-T/H Portable and Mobile TV Performance in the New Channel Profiles Modes
DVB-T/H Portable and Mobile TV Performance in the New Channel Profiles Modes Tomáš Kratochvíl Department of Radio Electronics, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic kratot@feec.vutbr.cz
More informationAn Equalization Technique for Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing Systems in Time-Variant Multipath Channels
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS, VOL 47, NO 1, JANUARY 1999 27 An Equalization Technique for Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing Systems in Time-Variant Multipath Channels Won Gi Jeon, Student
More informationR&D White Paper WHP 058. Diversity reception of Digital Terrestrial Television (DVB-T) Research & Development BRITISH BROADCASTING CORPORATION
R&D White Paper WHP 58 April 23 Diversity reception of Digital Terrestrial Television (DVB-T) J. Mitchell and J.A. Green Research & Development BRITISH BROADCASTING CORPORATION BBC Research & Development
More informationWeight Tracking Method for OFDM Adaptive Array in Time Variant Fading Channel
Weight Tracking Method for OFDM Adaptive Array in Time Variant Fading Channel Tomohiro Hiramoto, Atsushi Mizuki, Masaki Shibahara, Takeo Fujii and Iwao Sasase Dept. of Information & Computer Science, Keio
More informationDSRC using OFDM for roadside-vehicle communication systems
DSRC using OFDM for roadside-vehicle communication systems Akihiro Kamemura, Takashi Maehata SUMITOMO ELECTRIC INDUSTRIES, LTD. Phone: +81 6 6466 5644, Fax: +81 6 6462 4586 e-mail:kamemura@rrad.sei.co.jp,
More informationPAPER A Novel Adaptive Array Utilizing Frequency Characteristics of Multi-Carrier Signals
IEICE TRANS. COMMUN., VOL.E83 B, NO.2 FEBRUARY 2000 371 PAPER A Novel Adaptive Array Utilizing Frequency Characteristics of Multi-Carrier Signals Mitoshi FUJIMOTO, Kunitoshi NISHIKAWA, Tsutayuki SHIBATA,
More information1. Introduction. Noriyuki Maeda, Hiroyuki Kawai, Junichiro Kawamoto and Kenichi Higuchi
NTT DoCoMo Technical Journal Vol. 7 No.2 Special Articles on 1-Gbit/s Packet Signal Transmission Experiments toward Broadband Packet Radio Access Configuration and Performances of Implemented Experimental
More information- 1 - Rap. UIT-R BS Rep. ITU-R BS.2004 DIGITAL BROADCASTING SYSTEMS INTENDED FOR AM BANDS
- 1 - Rep. ITU-R BS.2004 DIGITAL BROADCASTING SYSTEMS INTENDED FOR AM BANDS (1995) 1 Introduction In the last decades, very few innovations have been brought to radiobroadcasting techniques in AM bands
More informationWIRELESS LINKS FOR 8K SUPER HI-VISION PROGRAM PRODUCTION
WIRELESS LINKS FOR 8K SUPER HI-VISION PROGRAM PRODUCTION J. Tsumochi 1, K. Murase 1, Y. Matsusaki 1, F. Ito 1, H. Kamoda 1, N. Iai 1, K. Imamura 1, H. Hamazumi 1 and K. Shibuya 2 1 NHK Science & Technology
More informationField Experiments of 2.5 Gbit/s High-Speed Packet Transmission Using MIMO OFDM Broadband Packet Radio Access
NTT DoCoMo Technical Journal Vol. 8 No.1 Field Experiments of 2.5 Gbit/s High-Speed Packet Transmission Using MIMO OFDM Broadband Packet Radio Access Kenichi Higuchi and Hidekazu Taoka A maximum throughput
More informationDIGITAL Radio Mondiale (DRM) is a new
Synchronization Strategy for a PC-based DRM Receiver Volker Fischer and Alexander Kurpiers Institute for Communication Technology Darmstadt University of Technology Germany v.fischer, a.kurpiers @nt.tu-darmstadt.de
More informationISDB-T Transmission Technologies and Emergency Warning System
ISDB-T Seminar Presentation 2 ISDB-T Transmission Technologies and Emergency Warning System 13 14 June, 2007 Bangkok, Thailand JAPAN Koichiro IMAMURA (NHK) Contents 1. ISDB-T System 2. DTTB Implementation
More informationAdvanced Communication Systems -Wireless Communication Technology
Advanced Communication Systems -Wireless Communication Technology Dr. Junwei Lu The School of Microelectronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology Outline Introduction to Wireless
More informationSingle-RF Diversity Receiver for OFDM System Using ESPAR Antenna with Alternate Direction
Single-RF Diversity Receiver for OFDM System Using ESPAR Antenna with Alternate Direction 89 Single-RF Diversity Receiver for OFDM System Using ESPAR Antenna with Alternate Direction Satoshi Tsukamoto
More informationA Comparative performance analysis of CFO Estimation in OFDM Systems for Urban, Rural and Rayleigh area using CP and Moose Technique
International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology E-ISSN 2277 4106, P-ISSN 2347 5161 2015 INPRESSCO, All Rights Reserved Available at http://inpressco.com/category/ijcet Research Article A Comparative
More information2-2 Advanced Wireless Packet Cellular System using Multi User OFDM- SDMA/Inter-BTS Cooperation with 1.3 Gbit/s Downlink Capacity
2-2 Advanced Wireless Packet Cellular System using Multi User OFDM- SDMA/Inter-BTS Cooperation with 1.3 Gbit/s Downlink Capacity KAWAZAWA Toshio, INOUE Takashi, FUJISHIMA Kenzaburo, TAIRA Masanori, YOSHIDA
More informationChannel Estimation by 2D-Enhanced DFT Interpolation Supporting High-speed Movement
Channel Estimation by 2D-Enhanced DFT Interpolation Supporting High-speed Movement Channel Estimation DFT Interpolation Special Articles on Multi-dimensional MIMO Transmission Technology The Challenge
More informationStudy on the next generation ITS radio communication in Japan
Study on the next generation ITS radio communication in Japan DSRC International Task Force, Japan Contents 1. 5.8GHz DSRC in Japan (ARIB STD-T75) 2. Requirements for the next generation ITS radio communication
More information10 Gbps Outdoor Transmission Experiment for Super High Bit Rate Mobile Communications
Super High Bit Rate Mobile Communication MIMO-OFDM Outdoor Transmission Experiment 10 Gbps Outdoor Transmission Experiment for Super High Bit Rate Mobile Communications To further increase transmission
More informationRECOMMENDATION ITU-R BS
Rec. ITU-R BS.1194-1 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BS.1194-1 SYSTEM FOR MULTIPLEXING FREQUENCY MODULATION (FM) SOUND BROADCASTS WITH A SUB-CARRIER DATA CHANNEL HAVING A RELATIVELY LARGE TRANSMISSION CAPACITY
More informationChapter 4 DOA Estimation Using Adaptive Array Antenna in the 2-GHz Band
Chapter 4 DOA Estimation Using Adaptive Array Antenna in the 2-GHz Band 4.1. Introduction The demands for wireless mobile communication are increasing rapidly, and they have become an indispensable part
More informationA Review of Second Generation of Terrestrial Digital Video Broadcasting System
A Review of Second Generation of Terrestrial Digital Video Broadcasting System Abstract *Kruti Shukla 1, Shruti Dixit 2,Priti Shukla 3, Satakshi Tiwari 4 1.M.Tech Scholar, EC Dept, SIRT, Bhopal 2.Associate
More informationDVB-H and DVB-SH-A Performance in Mobile and Portable TV
VOL. 2, NO. 4, DECEMBER 211 DVB-H and DVB-SH-A Performance in Mobile and Portable TV Ladislav Polák, Tomáš Kratochvíl Department of Radio Electronics, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 612
More informationNTT DOCOMO Technical Journal. Mobile Device Technology Supporting Mobacas Service Radio Hardware Technology
Multimedia Broadcasting Mobacas Hardware New Service Merging Communications and Broadcasting NOTTV Mobile Device Technology Supporting Mobacas Service Radio Hardware Technology Mobacas TM*1 uses the lower
More informationOFDM AS AN ACCESS TECHNIQUE FOR NEXT GENERATION NETWORK
OFDM AS AN ACCESS TECHNIQUE FOR NEXT GENERATION NETWORK Akshita Abrol Department of Electronics & Communication, GCET, Jammu, J&K, India ABSTRACT With the rapid growth of digital wireless communication
More informationREPORT ITU-R M Adaptability of real zero single sideband technology to HF data communications
Rep. ITU-R M.2026 1 REPORT ITU-R M.2026 Adaptability of real zero single sideband technology to HF data communications (2001) 1 Introduction Automated HF communications brought a number of innovative solutions
More information5 Advanced content production technology
5 Advanced content production technology In preparation for the launch of 8K Super Hi- Vision (SHV) broadcasting in 2020, we are developing program contribution transmission equipment for producing high-quality
More informationExperimental evaluation of massive MIMO at 20 GHz band in indoor environment
This article has been accepted and published on J-STAGE in advance of copyediting. Content is final as presented. IEICE Communications Express, Vol., 1 6 Experimental evaluation of massive MIMO at GHz
More informationAbstract. Marío A. Bedoya-Martinez. He joined Fujitsu Europe Telecom R&D Centre (UK), where he has been working on R&D of Second-and
Abstract The adaptive antenna array is one of the advanced techniques which could be implemented in the IMT-2 mobile telecommunications systems to achieve high system capacity. In this paper, an integrated
More informationREPORT ITU-R BT TERRESTRIAL TELEVISION BROADCASTING IN BANDS ABOVE 2 GHZ (Questions ITU-R 1/11 and ITU-R 49/11)
- 1 - REPORT ITU-R BT.961-2 TERRESTRIAL TELEVISION BROADCASTING IN BANDS ABOVE 2 GHZ (Questions ITU-R 1/11 and ITU-R 49/11) (1982-1986-1994) 1. Introduction Experimental amplitude-modulation terrestrial
More informationImpact of Mobility and Closed-Loop Power Control to Received Signal Statistics in Rayleigh Fading Channels
mpact of Mobility and Closed-Loop Power Control to Received Signal Statistics in Rayleigh Fading Channels Pekka Pirinen University of Oulu Telecommunication Laboratory and Centre for Wireless Communications
More informationAntennas & Propagation. CSG 250 Fall 2007 Rajmohan Rajaraman
Antennas & Propagation CSG 250 Fall 2007 Rajmohan Rajaraman Introduction An antenna is an electrical conductor or system of conductors o Transmission - radiates electromagnetic energy into space o Reception
More informationPERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT M-ARY MODULATION TECHNIQUES IN FADING CHANNELS USING DIFFERENT DIVERSITY
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT M-ARY MODULATION TECHNIQUES IN FADING CHANNELS USING DIFFERENT DIVERSITY 1 MOHAMMAD RIAZ AHMED, 1 MD.RUMEN AHMED, 1 MD.RUHUL AMIN ROBIN, 1 MD.ASADUZZAMAN, 2 MD.MAHBUB
More informationPerformance Analysis of LTE Downlink System with High Velocity Users
Journal of Computational Information Systems 10: 9 (2014) 3645 3652 Available at http://www.jofcis.com Performance Analysis of LTE Downlink System with High Velocity Users Xiaoyue WANG, Di HE Department
More informationMulti-Way Diversity Reception for Digital Microwave Systems
Multi-Way Diversity Reception for Digital Microwave Systems White paper Table of Contents 1. GENERAL INFORMATION 3 1.1 About this document 3 1.2 Acknowledgements 3 2. THE NEED FOR DIVERSITY RECEPTION 3
More informationPerformance Evaluation of the Effect of QZS (Quasi-zenith Satellite) on Precise Positioning
Performance Evaluation of the Effect of QZS (Quasi-zenith Satellite) on Precise Positioning Nobuaki Kubo, Tomoko Shirai, Tomoji Takasu, Akio Yasuda (TUMST) Satoshi Kogure (JAXA) Abstract The quasi-zenith
More informationCompact MIMO Antenna with Cross Polarized Configuration
Proceedings of the 4th WSEAS Int. Conference on Electromagnetics, Wireless and Optical Communications, Venice, Italy, November 2-22, 26 11 Compact MIMO Antenna with Cross Polarized Configuration Wannipa
More informationTV Test Receiver EFA, Models 40/43 (DVB-T)
TV Test Receiver EFA, Models 40/43 (DVB-T) Comprehensive analysis/demodulation/monitoring of digital terrestrial TV signals All DVB-T modes supported according to ETS300744 High-end demodulator High-end
More informationDigital Broadcasting. Facilities and System
Presentation 5 Facilities and System Part 2 : Transmission System and Hardware October 15 th, 2004 Expert Group (DiBEG) Yasuo TAKAHASHI(Toshiba) 1 Contents 1. Comparison of Analog system and Digital System
More informationIntroduction to OFDM
Introduction to OFDM Fire Tom Wada Professor, Information Engineering, Univ. of the Ryukyus Chief Scientist at Magna Design Net, Inc wada@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp http://www.ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp/~wada/ 11/2/29 1
More informationECE 476/ECE 501C/CS Wireless Communication Systems Winter Lecture 6: Fading
ECE 476/ECE 501C/CS 513 - Wireless Communication Systems Winter 2005 Lecture 6: Fading Last lecture: Large scale propagation properties of wireless systems - slowly varying properties that depend primarily
More informationNTT DOCOMO Technical Journal. 1. Introduction. Tatsuhiko Yoshihara Hiroyuki Kawai Taisuke Ihara
Base Station Antenna Multi-band The 700 MHz band has recently been allocated to handle the rapid increases in mobile communication traffic. Space limitations make it difficult to add new antennas where
More informationECE 476/ECE 501C/CS Wireless Communication Systems Winter Lecture 6: Fading
ECE 476/ECE 501C/CS 513 - Wireless Communication Systems Winter 2004 Lecture 6: Fading Last lecture: Large scale propagation properties of wireless systems - slowly varying properties that depend primarily
More informationField Experiment on 5-Gbit/s Ultra-high-speed Packet Transmission Using MIMO Multiplexing in Broadband Packet Radio Access
Fourth-Generation Mobile Communications MIMO High-speed Packet Transmission Field Experiment on 5-Gbit/s Ultra-high-speed Packet Transmission Using MIMO Multiplexing in Broadband Packet Radio Access An
More informationExperimental Study on Protection Distance between Analog TV and Digital TV in Adjacent UHF Frequency Bands at Terrestrial Television
Experimental Study on Protection Distance between Analog TV and Digital TV in Adjacent UHF Frequency Bands at Terrestrial Television Kinupong Chomsuk 1,2, Siraphop Tooprakai 3, Kobchai Dejhan 4 1 Faculty
More information1 Minimum usable field strength
1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BS.412-8* PLANNING STANDARDS FOR FM SOUND BROADCASTING AT VHF (Questions ITU-R 74/1 and ITU-R 11/1) (1956-1959-1963-1974-1978-1982-1986-199-1994-1995-1998) The ITU Radiocommunication
More informationLETTER A Simple Expression of BER Performance in COFDM Systems over Fading Channels
33 IEICE TRANS. FUNDAMENTALS, VOL.E9 A, NO.1 JANUARY 009 LETTER A Simple Expression of BER Performance in COFDM Systems over Fading Channels Fumihito SASAMORI a), Member, Yuya ISHIKAWA, Student Member,
More informationMultimode Receiver with an RF Receiver Chain
Multimode Receiver Cognitive Radio Image-band Interference Canceler Multimode Receiver with an RF Receiver Chain With the aim of making more efficient use of the radio spectrum through the future technology
More informationPlanning Parameters for DRM Mode E ( DRM+ )
German DRM Platform - DRM+ Technical Expert Group - Planning Parameters for DRM Mode E ( DRM+ ) concerning the use in VHF bands I, II and III V 3.0 04/05/2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Scope... 4 2 Reception
More informationWireless Channel Propagation Model Small-scale Fading
Wireless Channel Propagation Model Small-scale Fading Basic Questions T x What will happen if the transmitter - changes transmit power? - changes frequency? - operates at higher speed? Transmit power,
More informationRECOMMENDATION ITU-R M.1824 *
Rec. ITU-R M.1824 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R M.1824 * System characteristics of television outside broadcast, electronic news gathering and electronic field production in the mobile service for use in sharing
More informationDTT COVERAGE PREDICTIONS AND MEASUREMENT
DTT COVERAGE PREDICTIONS AND MEASUREMENT I. R. Pullen Introduction Digital terrestrial television services began in the UK in November 1998. Unlike previous analogue services, the planning of digital television
More informationMeasurement and Prediction of DTMB Reception Quality in Single Frequency Networks
Measurement and Prediction of DTMB Reception Quality in Single Frequency Networks Keqian Yan, Wenbo Ding, Liwei Zhang +, Yanbin Yin +, Fang Yang, and Changyong Pan Electronic Engineering Department, Tsinghua
More informationFourier Transform Time Interleaving in OFDM Modulation
2006 IEEE Ninth International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications Fourier Transform Time Interleaving in OFDM Modulation Guido Stolfi and Luiz A. Baccalá Escola Politécnica - University
More informationAn Underwater Acoustic OFDM Communication System with Robust Doppler Compensation
172 IJCSNS International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, VOL.17 No.9, September 2017 An Underwater Acoustic OFDM Communication System with Robust Doppler Compensation Taisaku Suzuki,
More informationSC - Single carrier systems One carrier carries data stream
Digital modulation SC - Single carrier systems One carrier carries data stream MC - Multi-carrier systems Many carriers are used for data transmission. Data stream is divided into sub-streams and each
More informationFire Tom Wada. Chief Scientist at Magna Design Net, Inc. ac
Introduction ti to OFDM Fire Tom Wada Professor, Information Engineering, Univ. of the Ryukyus Chief Scientist at Magna Design Net, Inc wada@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp ac http://www.ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp/~wada/ 1/31/211
More informationCombined Transmitter Diversity and Multi-Level Modulation Techniques
SETIT 2005 3rd International Conference: Sciences of Electronic, Technologies of Information and Telecommunications March 27 3, 2005 TUNISIA Combined Transmitter Diversity and Multi-Level Modulation Techniques
More informationWiB A New System Concept for DTT. Erik Stare, Teracom Dr. Jordi J. Giménez, UPV Dr. Peter Klenner, Panasonic Europe Ltd
WiB A New System Concept for DTT Erik Stare, Teracom Dr. Jordi J. Giménez, UPV Dr. Peter Klenner, Panasonic Europe Ltd Background 1 1992: First IBC in Amsterdam Scandinavian HD-DIVINE project Performed
More informationRECOMMENDATION ITU-R BT Error-correction, data framing, modulation and emission methods for digital terrestrial television broadcasting
Rec. ITU-R BT.1306-3 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BT.1306-3 Error-correction, data framing, modulation and emission methods for digital terrestrial television broadcasting (Question ITU-R 31/6) (1997-2000-2005-2006)
More informationDevelopment of Microwave Link for 8K Super Hi-Vision Program Contribution
Development of Microwave Link for 8K Super Hi-Vision Program Contribution Hirokazu Kamoda, Kenji Murase, Naohiko Iai, Hiroyuki Hamazumi and Kazuhiko Shibuya *1 *1 NHK Engineering System, Inc. As the satellite
More informationAdaptive Modulation and Coding Technique under Multipath Fading and Impulsive Noise in Broadband Power-line Communication
Adaptive Modulation and Coding Technique under Multipath Fading and Impulsive Noise in Broadband Power-line Communication Güray Karaarslan 1, and Özgür Ertuğ 2 1 MSc Student, Ankara, Turkey, guray.karaarslan@gmail.com
More informationTECHNICAL ADVANCES IN DIGITAL AUDIO RADIO BROADCASTING
TECHNICAL ADVANCES IN DIGITAL AUDIO RADIO BROADCASTING Ram Prasath.S and Sundar.K M.tech, Research Scholar, Paavai College of Engineering, Tamilnadu * Corresponding Author ABSTRACT: The worldwide installed
More informationFeatures/Standard Structure of ISDB-T
ISDB-T technical seminar(2008) in Philippines Presentation 5 Features/Standard Structure of ISDB-T February, 2008 Digital Broadcasting Expert Group () Japan Yasuo TAKAHASHI (Toshiba) 1 A. Features of ISDB-T
More informationSelected answers * Problem set 6
Selected answers * Problem set 6 Wireless Communications, 2nd Ed 243/212 2 (the second one) GSM channel correlation across a burst A time slot in GSM has a length of 15625 bit-times (577 ) Of these, 825
More informationChapter 2 Channel Equalization
Chapter 2 Channel Equalization 2.1 Introduction In wireless communication systems signal experiences distortion due to fading [17]. As signal propagates, it follows multiple paths between transmitter and
More informationChannel Estimation in Multipath fading Environment using Combined Equalizer and Diversity Techniques
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume3, Issue 1, January 2012 1 Channel Estimation in Multipath fading Environment using Combined Equalizer and Diversity Techniques Deepmala
More informationTHE BEST FIT DIGITAL TELEVISION STANDARD FOR THE PHILIPPINES
ISDB T (Integrated Services Digital Broadcast Terrestrial) THE BEST FIT DIGITAL TELEVISION STANDARD FOR THE PHILIPPINES October 10, 2008 James Rodney P. Santiago Consultant ARIB/Digital Broadcast Experts
More informationBroadband Temporal Coherence Results From the June 2003 Panama City Coherence Experiments
Broadband Temporal Coherence Results From the June 2003 Panama City Coherence Experiments H. Chandler*, E. Kennedy*, R. Meredith*, R. Goodman**, S. Stanic* *Code 7184, Naval Research Laboratory Stennis
More informationEffects of Fading Channels on OFDM
IOSR Journal of Engineering (IOSRJEN) e-issn: 2250-3021, p-issn: 2278-8719, Volume 2, Issue 9 (September 2012), PP 116-121 Effects of Fading Channels on OFDM Ahmed Alshammari, Saleh Albdran, and Dr. Mohammad
More informationStudy of Factors which affect the Calculation of Co- Channel Interference in a Radio Link
International Journal of Electronic and Electrical Engineering. ISSN 0974-2174 Volume 8, Number 2 (2015), pp. 103-111 International Research Publication House http://www.irphouse.com Study of Factors which
More information2. LITERATURE REVIEW
2. LITERATURE REVIEW In this section, a brief review of literature on Performance of Antenna Diversity Techniques, Alamouti Coding Scheme, WiMAX Broadband Wireless Access Technology, Mobile WiMAX Technology,
More informationUnit 8 - Week 7 - Computer simulation of Rayleigh fading, Antenna Diversity
X Courses» Introduction to Wireless and Cellular Communications Announcements Course Forum Progress Mentor Unit 8 - Week 7 - Computer simulation of Rayleigh fading, Antenna Diversity Course outline How
More informationA GENERAL SYSTEM DESIGN & IMPLEMENTATION OF SOFTWARE DEFINED RADIO SYSTEM
A GENERAL SYSTEM DESIGN & IMPLEMENTATION OF SOFTWARE DEFINED RADIO SYSTEM 1 J. H.VARDE, 2 N.B.GOHIL, 3 J.H.SHAH 1 Electronics & Communication Department, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmadabad, India
More informationEENG473 Mobile Communications Module 3 : Week # (12) Mobile Radio Propagation: Small-Scale Path Loss
EENG473 Mobile Communications Module 3 : Week # (12) Mobile Radio Propagation: Small-Scale Path Loss Introduction Small-scale fading is used to describe the rapid fluctuation of the amplitude of a radio
More informationATSC 3.0 Physical Layer Overview
ATSC 3.0 Physical Layer Overview Agenda Terminology Real world concerns Technology to combat those concerns Summary Basic Terminology What is OFDM? What is FEC? What is Shannon s Theorem? What does BER
More informationOutline / Wireless Networks and Applications Lecture 5: Physical Layer Signal Propagation and Modulation
Outline 18-452/18-750 Wireless Networks and Applications Lecture 5: Physical Layer Signal Propagation and Modulation Peter Steenkiste Carnegie Mellon University Spring Semester 2017 http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~prs/wirelesss17/
More informationChannel Capacity Enhancement by Pattern Controlled Handset Antenna
RADIOENGINEERING, VOL. 18, NO. 4, DECEMBER 9 413 Channel Capacity Enhancement by Pattern Controlled Handset Antenna Hiroyuki ARAI, Junichi OHNO Yokohama National University, Department of Electrical and
More informationPlanning parameters for terrestrial digital sound broadcasting systems in VHF bands
Report ITU-R BS.2214 (05/2011) Planning parameters for terrestrial digital sound broadcasting systems in VHF bands BS Series Broadcasting service (sound) ii Rep. ITU-R BS.2214 Foreword The role of the
More informationRec. ITU-R P RECOMMENDATION ITU-R P *
Rec. ITU-R P.682-1 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R P.682-1 * PROPAGATION DATA REQUIRED FOR THE DESIGN OF EARTH-SPACE AERONAUTICAL MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS (Question ITU-R 207/3) Rec. 682-1 (1990-1992) The
More informationSPARSE CHANNEL ESTIMATION BY PILOT ALLOCATION IN MIMO-OFDM SYSTEMS
SPARSE CHANNEL ESTIMATION BY PILOT ALLOCATION IN MIMO-OFDM SYSTEMS Puneetha R 1, Dr.S.Akhila 2 1 M. Tech in Digital Communication B M S College Of Engineering Karnataka, India 2 Professor Department of
More informationMobile Radio Propagation Channel Models
Wireless Information Transmission System Lab. Mobile Radio Propagation Channel Models Institute of Communications Engineering National Sun Yat-sen University Table of Contents Introduction Propagation
More informationCHAPTER 2 WIRELESS CHANNEL
CHAPTER 2 WIRELESS CHANNEL 2.1 INTRODUCTION In mobile radio channel there is certain fundamental limitation on the performance of wireless communication system. There are many obstructions between transmitter
More informationAmplitude and Phase Distortions in MIMO and Diversity Systems
Amplitude and Phase Distortions in MIMO and Diversity Systems Christiane Kuhnert, Gerd Saala, Christian Waldschmidt, Werner Wiesbeck Institut für Höchstfrequenztechnik und Elektronik (IHE) Universität
More informationPERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF DIRECT SEQUENCE SPREAD SPECTRUM UNDER PHASE NOISE EFFECT WITH SIMULINK SIMULATIONS
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF DIRECT SEQUENCE SPREAD SPECTRUM UNDER PHASE NOISE EFFECT WITH SIMULINK SIMULATIONS Rupender Singh 1, Dr. S.K. Soni 2 1,2 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering,
More informationComparison of MIMO OFDM System with BPSK and QPSK Modulation
e t International Journal on Emerging Technologies (Special Issue on NCRIET-2015) 6(2): 188-192(2015) ISSN No. (Print) : 0975-8364 ISSN No. (Online) : 2249-3255 Comparison of MIMO OFDM System with BPSK
More information(Refer Slide Time: 00:01:31 min)
Wireless Communications Dr. Ranjan Bose Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi Lecture No. # 32 Equalization and Diversity Techniques for Wireless Communications (Continued)
More informationPrototype Software-based Receiver for Remote Sensing using Reflected GPS Signals. Dinesh Manandhar The University of Tokyo
Prototype Software-based Receiver for Remote Sensing using Reflected GPS Signals Dinesh Manandhar The University of Tokyo dinesh@qzss.org 1 Contents Background Remote Sensing Capability System Architecture
More informationProject = An Adventure : Wireless Networks. Lecture 4: More Physical Layer. What is an Antenna? Outline. Page 1
Project = An Adventure 18-759: Wireless Networks Checkpoint 2 Checkpoint 1 Lecture 4: More Physical Layer You are here Done! Peter Steenkiste Departments of Computer Science and Electrical and Computer
More informationNTT DOCOMO Technical Journal. 1. Introduction. 2. Features of an Activeantenna. 2.1 Basic Configuration of Base Station using an Active Antenna
Active Antenna for More Advanced and Economical Radio Base Stations Base Station Active antennas that integrate radio transceiver functions in the antenna unit have been attracting attention as an approach
More informationModel analysis for the radio channel of DVB-T indoor reception in a Single Frequency Network
Model analysis for the radio channel of DVB-T indoor reception in a Single Frequency Network Chi-Fang Huang 1, Yi-Min Tsai 2, Feng-Ting Wen 2, Ming-Fu Wei 2 and Chia-Fu Yang 2 1 Graduate Institute of Communication
More informationUsing Frequency Diversity to Improve Measurement Speed Roger Dygert MI Technologies, 1125 Satellite Blvd., Suite 100 Suwanee, GA 30024
Using Frequency Diversity to Improve Measurement Speed Roger Dygert MI Technologies, 1125 Satellite Blvd., Suite 1 Suwanee, GA 324 ABSTRACT Conventional antenna measurement systems use a multiplexer or
More informationR&D White Paper WHP 062. DVB-T for mobile microwave links. Research & Development BRITISH BROADCASTING CORPORATION. June 2003
R&D White Paper WHP 062 June 2003 DVB-T for mobile microwave links D. van Kemenade, A. van Roermund* and J. Zubrzycki *Chairman of the Mixed-signal Microelectronics Group at Eindhoven University of Technology
More informationRECOMMENDATION ITU-R F Characteristics of HF fixed radiocommunication systems
Rec. ITU-R F.1761 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R F.1761 Characteristics of HF fixed radiocommunication systems (Question ITU-R 158/9) (2006) Scope This Recommendation specifies the typical RF characteristics of
More informationFrequency-Domain Equalization for SC-FDE in HF Channel
Frequency-Domain Equalization for SC-FDE in HF Channel Xu He, Qingyun Zhu, and Shaoqian Li Abstract HF channel is a common multipath propagation resulting in frequency selective fading, SC-FDE can better
More informationDOPPLER PHENOMENON ON OFDM AND MC-CDMA SYSTEMS
DOPPLER PHENOMENON ON OFDM AND MC-CDMA SYSTEMS Dr.G.Srinivasarao Faculty of Information Technology Department, GITAM UNIVERSITY,VISAKHAPATNAM --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
More information