V OUT. PACKAGE ORDER INFORMATION Initial. DM Plastic SOIC LP Plastic TO-92 3-pin

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1 T HE I N F I N I T E P OWER OF I NNOVATION DESCRIPTION KEY FEATURES The series precision adjustable three terminal shunt voltage regulators are pin-to-pin compatible with the industry standard TL431. The output voltage of this reference is programmable by using two external resistors from 2.5V to 36V. These devices offer low output PRODUCT HIGHLIGHT impedance for improved load regulation. The typical output impedance of these devices is 2mΩ. These devices find application in the feedback path of switching power supplies, OVP crowbar circuits, reference for A/D, D/A, and as zener diodes with improved turn-on characteristics. NOTE: For current data & package dimensions, visit our web site: INITIAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE ACCURACY OF.4% (TL431B) SINK CURRENT CAPABILITY 1mA to 1mA TYPICAL OUTPUT DYNAMIC IMPEDANCE LESS THAN 2mΩ; TYPICAL OUTPUT IMPEDANCE OF THE TL431B LESS THAN 1mΩ ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT VOLTAGE FROM 2.5V TO 36V AVAILABLE IN SURFACE-MOUNT PACKAGES LOW OUTPUT NOISE TYPICAL EQUIVALENT FULL RANGE TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT OF 3ppm/ C DIRECT PIN-TO-PIN REPLACEMENT FOR INDUSTRY STANDARD TL431 AND TL1431 V IN V OUT R1 R2 V = 1 + R1 O R2 * ( C) PACKAGE ORDER INFORMATION Initial DM Plastic SOIC LP Plastic TO-92 Tolerance 8-pin 3-pin 2% TL431CDM TL431CLP to 7 1% TL431ACDM TL431ACLP.4% TL431BCDM TL431BCLP 2% TL431IDM TL431ILP -4 to 85 1% TL431AIDM TL431AILP.4% TL431BIDM TL431BILP Note: All surface-mount packages are available in Tape & Reel. Append the letter "T" to part number. (i.e. TL431CDMT) TO-92 (LP) package also available in ammo-pack. L INF INITY MICROELECTRONICS INC WESTERN AVENUE, GARDEN GROVE, CA , , FAX:

2 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (Note 1) Cathode to Anode Voltage ( ) (Note 2) V to 37V Reference Input Current (I REF )... -5µA to 1mA Continuous Cathode Current ( )... -1mA to 15mA Operating Junction Temperature Plastic (DM, LP Packages) C Storage Temperature Range C to 15 C Lead Temperature... 3 C Note 1. Note 2. Exceeding these ratings could cause damage to the device. All voltages are with respect to Ground. Currents are positive into, negative out of the specified terminal. Pin numbers refer to DIL packages only. Voltage values are with respect to the anode terminal unless otherwise noted. THERMAL DATA DM PACKAGE: THERMAL RESISTANCE-JUNCTION TO AMBIENT, θ JA 165 C/W LP PACKAGE: THERMAL RESISTANCE-JUNCTION TO AMBIENT, θ JA 156 C/W PACKAGE PIN OUTS CATHODE N.C. ANODE N.C DM PACKAGE (Top View) LP PACKAGE (Top View) REF ANODE ANODE N.C. 1. CATHODE 2. ANODE 3. REF Junction Temperature Calculation: T J = + (P D x θ JA ). The θ JA numbers are guidelines for the thermal performance of the device/pc-board system. All of the above assume no ambient airflow BLOCK DIAGRAM Cathode (K) Ref (R) Anode (A) 2

3 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Note 3) (Unless otherwise specified, these specifications apply over the operating ambient temperatures for TL431C/TL431AC/TL431BC with C 7 C, TL431I/TL431AI/TL431BI with -4 C 85 C.) Parameter Symbol Test Conditions Reference Input Voltage TL431 = 1mA,, TL431A = 1mA,, TL431B = 1mA,, Reference Drift TL431C = 1mA, TL431I = 1mA, TL431AC = 1mA, TL431AI = 1mA, TL431BC = 1mA, TL431BI = 1mA, Voltage Ratio, Ref to Cathode TL431, TL431A = 1mA, = 2.5V to 36V (Note 4) TL431B = 1mA, = 2.5V to 36V Reference Input Current TL431,TL431A I REF, TL431B,, = Operating Range Minimum Operating Current I MIN to 36V Off-State Cathode Current TL431 I OFF to 36V, TL431A to 36V, TL431B to 36V, = Operating Range = 36V, = V, Dynamic Impedance TL431 Z KA, = 1mA to 1mA, f 1kHz, TL431B, = 1mA to 1mA, f 1kHz, Note 3. These parameters are guaranteed by design. TL431/431A/431B Units Min. Typ. Max mv mv mv 4 17 mv 5 3 mv 4 17 mv 5 3 mv 4 15 mv 5 2 mv mv/v mv/v 2 4 µa µa 2.3 µa.4 1 ma.1 1 µa.1 1 µa 2 µa.18.5 µa.2.5 Ω.1.2 Ω Note 4. Ratio of change in reference input voltage to the change in cathode voltage. 3

4 GRAPH / CURVE INDEX Characteristic Curves FIGURE # 1. REFERENCE INPUT VOLTAGE vs. FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE 2. REFERENCE INPUT CURRENT vs. FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE 3. CATHODE CURRENT vs. CATHODE VOLTAGE 4. CATHODE CURRENT vs. CATHODE VOLTAGE 5. OFF-STATE CATHODE CURRENT vs. FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE 6. RATIO OF DELTA REFERENCE VOLTAGE TO DELTA CATHODE VOLTAGE vs. FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE 7. EQUIVALENT INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE vs. FREQUENCY FIGURE INDEX Parameter Measurement Information FIGURE # 8. TEST CIRCUIT FOR 9. TEST CIRCUIT FOR > 1. TEST CIRCUIT FOR I OFF Typical Characteristics FIGURE # 11. EQUIVALENT INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE OVER A 1-SECOND PERIOD 12. SMALL-SIGNAL VOLTAGE AMPLIFICATION vs. FREQUENCY 13. REFERENCE IMPEDANCE vs. FREQUENCY 14. PULSE RESPONSE 15. STABILITY BOUNDARY CONDITIONS Application Information FIGURE # 16. SHUNT REGULATOR 17. SINGLE-SUPPLY COMPARATOR WITH TEMPERATURE-COMPENSATED THRESHOLD 18. HIGH CURRENT SHUNT REGULATOR 19. CROWBAR CIRCUIT 2. VOLTAGE MONITOR 21. PRECISION CONSTANT-CURRENT SINK 4

5 CHARACTERISTIC CURVES ( ) Reference Input Voltage - (V) FIGURE REFERENCE VOLTAGE vs. FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE = = 1mA TL431B = 255mV = 2495mV = 244mV ( ) Ambient Temperature - ( C) (I REF ) Reference Input Current - (µa) FIGURE REFERENCE CURRENT vs. FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE = 1mA R1 = = 1mA TL431B ( ) Ambient Temperature - ( C) FIGURE 3. CATHODE CURRENT vs. CATHODE VOLTAGE FIGURE 4. CATHODE CURRENT vs. CATHODE VOLTAGE 15 8 ( ) Cathode Current - (µa) TL431B ( ) Cathode Current - (µa) I MIN ( ) Cathode Voltage - (V) ( ) Cathode Voltage - (V) 5

6 CHARACTERISTIC CURVES (I OFF ) Off-State Cathode Current - (µa) FIGURE OFF-STATE CATHODE CURRENT vs. FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE = 36V = FIGURE / - (mv/v) RATIO OF DELTA REFERENCE VOLTAGE TO DELTA CATHODE VOLTAGE vs. FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE = 3V to 36V ( ) Ambient Temperature - ( C) ( ) Ambient Temperature - ( C) FIGURE EQUIVALENT INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE vs. FREQUENCY (V N ) Noise Voltage - (nv/ Hz) I O = 1mA k 1k 1k (f) Frequency - (Hz) 6

7 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION Input Input R 1 I REF R 2 FIGURE 8 TEST CIRCUIT FOR FIGURE 9 TEST CIRCUIT FOR > Input I OFF FIGURE 1 TEST CIRCUIT FOR I OFF 7

8 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (V N ) Input Noise Voltage - (µv) f =.1 to 1Hz = 1mA (t) Time - (s) FIGURE 11. EQUIVALENT INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE OVER A 1-SECOND PERIOD 19.1V 1k 5µF 91 2µF V CC V CC (DUT) TLE227 A V = 1V/mV 1µF k 16k TLE µF.1µF 16k 1µF 33k 33k A V = 2V/V 1M CRO V EE V EE Test Circuit for.1hz to 1Hz Equivalent Input Noise Voltage 8

9 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS FIGURE 12. SMALL-SIGNAL VOLTAGE AMPLIFICATION vs. FREQUENCY (A V ) Voltage Amplification - (db) k 1k 1k 1M 1M (f) Frequency - (Hz) = 1mA Output 15k 23 9µF 8.25k GND Test Circuit for Voltage Amplification FIGURE 13. REFERENCE IMPEDANCE vs. FREQUENCY 1 ( z KA ) Reference Impedance - ( ) 1 1 = 1mA to 1mA 5 1k Output GND.1 1k 1k 1k 1M 1M (f) Frequency - (Hz) Test Circuit for Reference Impedance 9

10 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS FIGURE 14. PULSE RESPONSE Output V IN - (V) Pulse Generator f = 1kHz 5 ( ) Output Voltage - (V) Test Circuit for Pulse Response GND (t) Time - (µs) FIGURE 15. STABILITY BOUNDARY CONDITIONS ( ) Cathode Current - ma A B = 5V C = 1V D = 15V Stable A* B* C* D* = 1mA Stable C L R1=1k R2 Test Circuit for Curve A (C L ) Load Capacitance - (µf) C L * The areas under the curves represent conditions that may cause the device to oscillate. For curves B, C, and D, R2 and V+ were adjusted to establish the initial and conditions with C L =. and C L were then adjusted to determine the ranges of stability. Test Circuit for Curves B, C, and D 1

11 APPLICATION INFORMATION R (see Note) V O R1.1% R2.1% Input V O V ON 2V V OFF Note: V = 1 + R1 O R2 * R should provide 1mA cathode current to the & TL1431 at minimum. GND FIGURE 16 SHUNT REGULATOR FIGURE 17 SINGLE-SUPPLY COMPARATOR WITH TEMPERATURE-COMPENSATED THRESHOLD V O V O R1 R1 R2 R2 C (see Note) V = 1 + R1 O R2 * Note: Refer to the stability boundary conditions in Figure 15 to determine allowable values for C. FIGURE 18 HIGH CURRENT SHUNT REGULATOR FIGURE 19 CROWBAR CIRCUIT 11

12 APPLICATION INFORMATION 12V R3 (see Note) R1A R4 (Note) I O R2A R2B R S.1% R1B Low Limit = 1 + * V R2B REF R1B High Limit = 1 + * V R2B REF LED On when Low Limit < < High Limit I O = R S Note: R3 and R4 are selected to provide the desired LED intensity and 1mA cathode current to the at the available V+. FIGURE 2 VOLTAGE MONITOR FIGURE 21 PRECISION CONTANT-CURRENT SINK PRODUCTION DATA - Information contained in this document is proprietary to LinFinity, and is current as of publication date. This document may not be modified in any way without the express written consent of LinFinity. Product processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Linfinity reserves the right to change the configuration and performance of the product and to discontinue product at any time. 12