Next Generation Mobile Networks Presented by: Avi Patir

Transcription

1 Next Generation Mobile Networks Presented by: Avi Patir November 15, 2007

2 The Expansion of Broadband

3 Growth in Broadband 18% average annual growth ( )» Broadband penetration in Europe is currently 25% with a Y/Y growth of 43% over the past two years» In Asia Pacific, broadband infiltration is only 11%, but Y/Y growth is 58% Active subscriptions (million) Worldwide Broadband Subscriber Growth % % % % 20% 18% 19% 16% 17% % Total BB Subscribers %YoY Growth 0% Source: Motorola and Infonetics, May 2006

4 I Am Stuck At Home

5 I Want My Stuff To Go With Me

6 Multi Media Mobile Device WWAN VoIP WWAN VoIP WWAN VoIP Bluetooth TM WWAN Data WWAN Data WWAN VoIP WWAN Data WWAN VoIP WWAN Data Bluetooth TM GPS MediaFLO Wi-Fi Bluetooth TM Bluetooth TM Voice call to sales manager While on call, checks and downloads presentation with latest sales figures Checks location and directions to client s office Watches game on MediaFLO and has a group chat with friends At home, playing multiplayer 3D game, using Wi-Fi to send video to nearby display

7 Rise of Wireless Broadband Wireless broadband will liberate our connections Making them wireless and making them mobile Globally, mobile surpassed fixed lines in 2002 By 2003 mobile had attained near 40% of telecom service revenues Worldwide Broadband Subscriber Forecast Wireline vs. Wireless Wireline Broadband Wireless Broadband Mobile data revenues are projected to experience a 20% CAGR with significant portion of revenues from mobile access to information and entertainment 5M 2% 213M 98% M 82% M 18% Source: Motorola and Infonetics, May 2006

8 Future Mobile Network Characteristics

9 4G Mobile Networks A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/hz and bit/s/hz/site) High network capacity: more simultaneous users per cell A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s while the client physically moves at high speeds (>100 Km/h) relative to the station, and 1 Gbit/s while client and station are in relatively fixed positions A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world Smooth handoff across heterogeneous networks Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc) Interoperability with existing wireless standards, and An all IP, packet switched network

10 Trending Toward Broadband IP-Based Systems CDMA-3GPP2 ANSI-41 Ckt MSC WIN HLR ISUP cdma2000 Circuit based Legacy Architecture 1X b a/g MSS/HLR Packet based Legacy Architecture EV-DO e EV-DO-A Packet based EV-DO-B Multimedia IOS V5.0 LMSD WiMAX UMB Voice Core Packet Core GSM-3GPP GSM-MAP CAMEL ISUP GSM CktMSC HLR GPRS EDGE HSUPA HSDPA e a/g WCDMA DVB b Circuit based Legacy Architecture MSS/HLR Packet based Legacy Architecture UMTS R5 CS LTE Voice Core Multi-Mode Mobiles SIP-Mobiles Home Gateways WiFi Mobiles Now Time Terminals

11 Dynamic Industry Evolution Today s wireless technologies evolving to tomorrow s next generation platforms 70 Market size by technology 60 $ Billions e / WiMAX LTE UMTS GSM UMB CDMA

12 Increasing Technology Leverage Classic Design Future Wireless Voice Vertical Features Transport Switch Radio Controller Base Stations Wireline Voice Vertical Features Transport Class 4 Switching Class 5 Switching POTS Phone Video Vertical Features Content Transport Cable Box Analog TV Data Vertical Features Content Transport Dial-Up Computer Wireless/Wireline Voice Video Internet Video Access Entertainment Applications VoIP Core Operator Services Internet Protocol (IP) Broadband Connection Guides / Directories

13 Broadband Applications

14 NG Mobile Networks Technologies System Characteristics All IP Convergence E2E QOS Seamless Mobility Flat Network Enabling Technologies OFDMA MIMO Smart Antenna Mobile IP

15 Mobile WiMAX

16 The Need For Speed Data Downloaded (5 MegaBytes) Typical Peak Rate GPRS EDGE WCDMA DSL Cable EV/DO-A HSDPA 80 Kbps 128 Kbps 384 Kbps 1.5 Mbps 3.0 Mbps 3.1 Mbps 3.6 Mbps WiMAX MB 11 Mbps * 5 MHz, TDD SMS Internet Browsing Java Game Attachment Music File Downloads Video File Downloads

17 Standard IEEE is the standard. WiMAX is the name. The WiMAX label was introduced by the WiMAX Forum to promote the family of standards (2001) Line-of-Sight (LOS) GHz c (2002) a (2003) Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) 2-11 GHz d (Oct 2004) e (Dec 2005)

18 Profiles Motorola is a board member of the WiMAX Forum and has participation in every working group WiMAX Forum specifies profiles for and e Standards Compliant WiMAX Forum Certified IEEE e Fixed / Mobile WiMAX Profiles (To be finalized in 2H 2006) FFT Scaleable OFDMA Focus on 2.5, 3.5, 5.8 GHz IEEE d Fixed WiMAX Profiles 256 FFT OFDM 3.5 GHz with 4 Variations: FDD: 3.5 MHz, 7.0 MHz Channels TDD: 3.5 MHz, 7.0 MHz Channels 5.8 GHz: 10 MHz Ch; TDD

19 Spectrum Motorola is working with global regulators to drive frequency allocations and harmonize spectrum Spectral allocations for wireless broadband vary by region; preliminary profiles focused on 2.5 GHz, 3.5 GHz & 5.8 GHz US WCS GHz GHz GHz GHz WRC GHz MDS GHz GHz 3.5 GHz Band GHz Low/Mid UNII Band GHz Upper UNII Band GHz GHz India, China 3.5 GHz W. Europe, LAC GHz E. Europe, Canada, LAC GHz Russia 2.5 GHz US, Singapore, Malaysia, Japan Current WiMAX (Rev D) Profiles Potential Future WiMAX Profiles

20 Mobile WiMAX System Characteristics

21 All IP All existing IP applications will work over WiMAX networks Throughput and latency stringent applications (VoIP, streaming video, gaming, etc.) will work better Motorola solutions easily fits into an existing wired or wireless application framework TODAY: 2G & 3G PSTN Internet FUTURE MODEL SGSN MSS PSTN Internet Border Gateway and Home Agent IMS Base Station Controllers Operator s IP Network CAP Controller Base Stations Access Points

22 Simplified Backhaul Network Traditional Wireless WiMAX Internet PSTN Internet PDSN or GGSN/SSGN MSC T1s Base Station Controller Simpler lower-cost all-ip RF networks ASN Gateway Base Stations WiMAX Access Points

23 Mesh Networking (BS) (Subscriber Station) (SS) (SS) (SS) (BS)

24 Light Infrastructure Benefits Traditional Cellular Infrastructure Light Infrastructure Antennas Separate Modular Active Elements Many Few Civil Works Tower Pole/Stand Cooling A/C Convection/Fans Cabling Analog Coax Digital Real Estate Traditional Zero Footprint Infrastructure Housing Temp Control Building All Outdoor Power Kilowatts Watts Backhaul T1s Wireless IP Installation Tools Heavy Equipment Hand Tools

25 Seamless Mobility

26 Mobile WiMAX Enabling Technologies

27 OFDM Basics

28 Why the Focus on OFDM? The OFDM signal is able to support NLOS performance while maintaining a high level of spectral efficiency maximizing the available spectrum. Superior NLOS performance enables significant equalizer design simplification. Supports operation in multi-path propagation environments. Usage of cyclic prefix provides additional multi-path immunity as well as tolerance for time synchronization errors. Scalable bandwidths provide flexibility and potentially reduces capital expense.

29 OFDM Basic Concept OFDM is a multi-carrier modulation scheme that transmits data over a number of orthogonal sub-carriers A conventional transmission uses only a single carrier, which is modulated with all the data to be sent OFDM breaks the data to be sent in to small chunks, allocating each sub-data stream to a sub-carrier and the data is sent in parallel orthogonal sub-carriers. FDM OFDM

30 Orthogonality Principle Two signals g 1 (t) and g 2 (t) are said to be orthogonal over the period Ts if: s g 1 (t) g 2 (t) PEAK For example: T s 0 j 2π f t j 2π f t p q e. e d t = 0 ZERO for p q, where f k =k/t

31 OFDM Spectral Overlap Conventional Frequency Division Multiplex (FDM) Multi-carrier Modulation Technique OFDM subcarriers have a sinc (sin(x)/x) frequency response resulting in overlap in the frequency domain. This overlap does however not cause any interference due to the orthogonality of the subcarriers. Saving of the bandwidth Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) Multi-carrier Modulation Technique The OFDM receiver uses a time and frequency synchronized FFT to convert the OFDM time waveform back into the frequency domain. In this process the FFT picks up discrete frequency samples, corresponding to just the peaks of the carriers. At these frequencies, all other carriers pass through zero amplitude eliminating any interference between the subcarriers.

32 Multipath and OFDM OFDM Offers Advantage in Frequency Selective Fading Environments Channel Response Only a few subcarriers are lost due to fading. This can be overcome with proper channel coding.

33 More Multipath Mitigation Cyclic Prefix Delay spread exceeds symbol time Add a gap to capture delay spread Can t have gaps in transmission copy part of symbol and put it in the front

34 Advanced Antennas Technologies MIMO Matrix A Space Time Block Coding (STBC) MIMO Matrix B Spatial Multiplexing (MIMO-SM) MRT & Beamforming Interferer Data Stream A Data Stream A WiMAX Subscriber A WiMAX Subscriber B Interferer Data Stream A Data Stream B Enhancing Coverage Improving Capacity Directing the radiation pattern

35 Smart Antenna Technique 8-Rx MRC in the Uplink 9-12dB additional UL gain from coherent combining & Rx diversity 4-Tx Single-Stream in the Downlink Coherent frequency-selective transmit beamforming using Uplink Channel Sounding feature of e Additional 6dB DL gain from additional TX power Approximately 6dB to 12dB additional DL coherent gain Minimal impact on subscriber device design x 1 (k) y 1 (k) v 1 (k) w 1 (k) x 2 (k) y 2 (k) s(k) Σ z(k) v 2 (k) w 2 (k) x MT (k) y MR (k) v MT (k) w MR (k)

36 Diversity Technique 2-RX MRC in the Uplink Expect 3-5dB gain over single receive antenna 2-TX Alamouti Diversity in the Downlink Expect 3dB gain from doubling TX power Expect 1-3dB additional TX diversity gain BS Subchannel Modulation IFTT Input Packing TX Diversity Encoder IFTT IFTT Filter Filter DAC DAC RF RF SS RF ADC Filter IFTT Diversity Combiner Subchannel Demodulator Loglikelihood Ratios Decoder

37 Mobile IP Basics

38 The benefit of Mobile IP Mobile IP provides an IP node the ability to retain the same IP address and maintain uninterrupted network and application connectivity while traveling across networks

39 The Problem with Mobility Connect to ? Gateway A Internet Host B Gateway C Mobile Router Mobile Router Gateway C blocks router from joining network Gateway A replies to Host B with an ICMP unreachable Routing Protocol rejects duplicate network advertisements X SEND

40 Mobile IP Solution Mobile Router Mobility Binding Table: MR CoA Home Agent Internet Mobile Router Host B Foreign Agent COA Mobile Router sends Registration Request [RRQ] to Home Agent (HA) Home Agent forwards packets to Mobile Router via Care of Address [CoA]

41 Mobile IP Terminology MN HA HA, Home Agent Internet Maintains an association between the MN s home IP address and its care of address (loaned address) on the foreign network Redirects and tunnels packets to the care of address on the foreign network COA MN CN MN, Mobile Node FA FA, Foreign Agent An IP host that maintains network connectivity using its home IP address, regardless of which subnet (or network) it is connected to CN, Correspondent Node Destination IP host in session with a Mobile Node Provides an addressable point of attachment to the MN called Care Of Address (COA) Maintains an awareness for all visiting MNs Acts as a relay between the MN and its Home Agent Receives all packets for the MN from the MN s Home Agent

42 Thank You