R13. IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May CELLULAR MOBILE COMMUNICATION. (Electronics and Communication Engineering)

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1 Code No: RT42041 RT42041 R13 Set No. 1 CELLULAR MOBILE COMMUNICATION Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: a) Explain the concept of Cell splitting b) What is Co-channel Interference Reduction Factor c) Roof mounted antennas. d) Compare the Omni cells and sectorized cells e) What is the commonly used formula for interference limited system. f) What are main subsystems of GSM architecture? 2. a) Describe the digital cellular land mobile systems and the limitations of AMPS standard. b) During a busy hour the no. of calls per hour Qi for each 10 cells is 2000,1500, 3000, 500, 1000, 1200, 1800, 3200, 2600, 800. Assume that 60% of the car phones will be used during this period and that one call is made per car phone. Find the no. of customers in the system. [3] [3] 3. a) Explain the effects of Antenna parameters in designing cellular system. b) Draw the setup for space diversity antennas used at cell site and explain how to design it. 4. a) Explain about High gain antennas b) Discuss about the minimum separation of cell site antennas? 5. a) Write about fixed channel assignment schemes in detail. b) Explain about paging channels. Explain the following terms: i) Mobile Assisted Handoff ii) Soft Handoff iii) Delaying Handoff iv) Cellsite Handoff b) What are the different factors that limit the size of splitting cells? [10] [6] 6. a) Discuss some of the reservation based multiple access protocols for wireless networks, with suitable illustrations. b) What are the channel types of GSM system? Explain 7. a) '' ' '' '' '' '

2 Code No: RT42041 R13 Set No. 2 CELLULAR MOBILE COMMUNICATION Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: a) What is the difference between long term and short term fading. b) Explain real time Co- Channel interference. c) Explain vertically oriented mobile antennas. d) What are the advantages of sectorized cells? e) Define the General formula for noise limited system. f) What are the channel types of GSM system? 2. a) Differentiate the analog & digital cellular systems with their operating capacities. b) Mention the two frequency reuse schemes and explain N-Cell reuse pattern in detail for four & seven cell reuse with illustrative diagrams. [3] [3] 3. a) Explain ground incident angle, elevation angle, ground reflection and reflection point with respect to signal coverage. b) From the free space propagation model derive the equation for received power. 4. a) Explain about Umbrella pattern antennas b) Explain space diversity antennas. 5. a) Discuss the concept of frequency management concern to the numbering the channels and grouping into the subset. b) Write the concept of the self location scheme at the mobile unit and the autonomous registration. 6. a) Explain how the handoffs implemented based on signal strength? b) Explain the following terms: i) Forced Handoff ii) Hard Handoff iii) Delaying Handoff 7. a) Discuss the salient features of FDMA and TDMA techniques. b) With suitable block diagram explain the GSM system. '' ' '' '' '' '

3 Code No: RT42041 R13 Set No. 3 IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May 2017 CELLULAR MOBILE COMMUNICATION Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: a) What are the limitations of conventional mobile telephone system b) Explain the phase difference between direct and reflected paths c) Explain horizontally oriented mobile antennas. d) Explain about paging channels. e) Define Handoff. What are the different types of handoffs? f) What are the interfaces used in the GSM? 2. a) Explain the significance of following cellular concepts in detail i) Interference ii) System Capacity b) If the maximum no of calls per hour Qi in one cell be 5000 and an average calling time T be 1.76 min. The blocking probability is 2%. Find the offered load. If Qi is Find the offered load compare this with no. of channels by using Erlang B model charts. Explain the designing of the directional antenna, for k=4, k=12 and k=7 with all suitable values explaining each of them, consider a noise margin of 6dB. b) With neat sketch explain about Signal reflections in flat and hilly terrain. [3] [3] 3. a) Draw the symmetrical difference pattern and compare it with symmetrical sum pattern. b) Explain about Umbrella pattern antennas. 4. a) What are the different techniques to utilize the frequency spectrum, give a brief explanation? b) Explain in detail access channels and operational techniques. 5. a) 6. Write short notes on the following (a) Cell splitting (b) Vehicle locating methods (c) Dropped cell rate 7. a) Why CDMA is needed and explain it with an example? b) List the difference between TDMA/FDMA/CDMA. '' ' '' '' '' ' [16]

4 Code No: RT42041 R13 Set No. 4 IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May 2017 CELLULAR MOBILE COMMUNICATION Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: a) Explain the different parts of basic cellular system b) Define frequency reuse distance c) Draw the antenna equivalent circuit d) Explain about access channels. e) Define a dropped call rate and explain how it differ from blocked call? f) What is BCCH and CCCH? 2. a) Explain delay spared, coherence bandwidth and amplifier noise in mobile radio environment. b) Explain how co-channel interference is measured in real time mobile radio transceivers. [3] [3] 3. a) Explain about the co-channel interference reduction factor and derive the general formula for C/I. b) Briefly explain about multiple knife edge diffraction. 4. a) Explain Sum and difference patterns and their synthesis. b) Explain the role of directional antennas for interference reduction. 5. a) What do you understand by non-fixed channel assignment? Describe the corresponding algorithms. b) Explain about the Underlay-Overlay Arrangement. 6. a) What are the different types of handoffs? Explain how to implement them? b) How the dropped call rate is related to the capacity and voice quality. 7. a) Explain about the TDMA. b) With suitable block diagram explain the GSM system. '' ' '' '' '' '

5 Code No: RT42042 R13 Set No. 1 IV B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, July/August ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION 1. a) What are the indications of precision? Explain [3] b) What is Digital Fourier analyzer? Explain [3] c) Draw the vertical amplifier of CRO and what are its functions d) What are the applications and limitations of Wheatstone bridge e) How do you select a transducer? Explain f) What are the objectives of a DAS 2. a) Discuss in detail about the range extension of differential voltmeters b) A 200 Ω basic movement is to be used as an ohmmeter requiring full scale deflection of 1 ma and internal battery voltage of 5 V. A half scale deflection marking of 2 k is desired. Calculate i. The values of R 1 and R 2 ii. Maximum value of R to compensate for a 3% drop in battery voltage 3. a) Draw the block diagram of a spectrum analyzer and explain its working. b) Draw and explain the working principle of harmonic distortion analyzer. 4. a) What are active probes used with CRO? Draw the circuit of a FET probe and explain b) Draw the circuit diagram of a simple compensated attenuator and explain its working 5. a) Illustrate the method of measurement of unknown inductance by Maxwell s bridge b) A sheet of 4.5 mm thick Bakelite is tested at 50 Hz between 12 cm in diameter. The Schering bridge uses a standard air capacitor C 2 of 105 pf capacitor, a nonreactive, R 4 of 1000/ in parallel with a variable capacitor and is obtained with C 4 = 0.5 µf and R 3 = 260 Ὠ. Calculate the capacitance, PF and relative permittivity of the sheet 6. a) Draw the construction diagram and explain the working of LVDT b) What is a thermistor? Explain. Write about its advantages and disadvantages 7. Write short notes on the following a) Measurement of force b) Multi channel DAS [16]

6 Code No: RT42042 R13 Set No. 1 IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May 2017 ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION 1. a) Give a classification of voltmeters b) Distinguish between spectrum analyzer and harmonic distortion analyzer c) Explain The concept of Triggered Sweep CRO along with circuit diagram [3] d) List out the different Limitations of Wheatstone s Bridge in detail e) Draw the circuit diagram of Photo Transistor and explain its output characteristics [3] f) Explain the concept of Data acquisition systems in detail 2. a) Explain the following terms in detail (i) Accuracy (ii) Resolution (iii) Precision (iv) Expected value b) The following values are obtained from the measurements of the value of a resistor:147.2, 147.4, 147.9, 147.1, 147.5, 147.6, 147.4, 147.6, Calculate a) Arithmetic mean b) Average deviation c) Standard Deviation 3. a) What is AF oscillators and explain its operation along with circuit diagram. b) Draw the circuit diagram of Digital Fourier Analyzers and explain its operation. 4. a) Explain the Measurement procedure of Lissajous patterns with one example b) Explain the principle and working of a storage oscilloscope. 5. a) Explain the operation of Maxwell s Bridge and derive the condition for balance of a Bridge. b) In the case of Hay's Bridge one arm has resistance of 10KΩ.Another arm has a resistance of 6.7KΩ. The third arm 8KΩ in series with a capacitor of 0.5µF. Determine the values of the elements Rx and Lx in the fourth arm. 6. a) Explain the following terms in detail (i) Thermistors (ii) Sensistors. b) What is the difference between photo-emissive, photo-conductive and photovoltaic transducers? 7. a) With the help of a neat sketch explain the principle and working of Electromagnetic Flow meter. What are the advantages and Limitations of this Method? b) Briefly explain the working principles and measurement of force by any two nonelectric techniques?

7 R13 Code No: RT42042 Set No. 2 ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION 1. a) Explain the procedure how to find Errors in Measurement with example b) List out the difference between fixed frequency and variable AF oscillator in detail. [3] c) Define deflection sensitivity of a CRT? d) Define Quality factor and give the expressions for the inductive and capacitive Quality factors. e) Explain Primary and secondary Transducers [3] f) Explain any one of the method for the measurement of humidity? 2. a) Explain the following terms in detail (i) speed of response (ii) Fidelity (iii) Lag and Dynamic error. b) List out different AC voltmeters and explain the working of any one voltmeter in detail. 3. a) Draw the circuit diagram of Sweep generator and explain its operation in detail b) Define a wave analyzer and classify them. Explain the working of a Resonant Wave Analyzer. 4. a) Explain the concept of Storage oscilloscope along with circuit diagram b) Draw the circuit diagram of Sampling oscilloscope and explain its operation n detail. 5. a) Draw the circuit diagram of Schering s Bridge and explain the operation of it. b) Explain the parallel-connection method of using Q-meter and Obtain the expressions for resistance, reactance and Q factor. 6. a) Derive the expression for Gauge factor of a strain Gauge. b) A Thermistor has a resistance of 3980 at the ice point(0 0 C) and 749 at 50 0 C. The resistance Temperature relationship is R T = ar 0 e b/t. Find the values of a and b. Calculate the resistance to be measured in case the temperature varies from 40 0 C to C. 7. a) A Barium Titanate pickup has the dimensions of 5mmX5mmX1.25mm. The acting force is 5N. The charge sensitivity of the material is 150pc/N and permittivity is 12.5X10-9 F/m. If the modulus of elasticity of material is 12X10 6 N/m 2, calculate the strain, charge and capacitance. b) What are the two types of anemometer available for liquid flow measurement? Explain the principle and operation of Hotwire Anemometer.

8 Code No: RT42042 R13 Set No. 3 ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION 1. a) Draw the series type Ohmmeter and explain its operation b) Draw the Basic wave analyzer and explain its operation c) List out the different Futures of CRT in detail [3] d) Derive the balance condition of Bridge. e) List out difference between active and passive transducer in detail f) Explain piezo electric effect. [3] 2. a) Two ammeters are joined in series in a circuit carrying 100 A. one ammeter has a resistance of ohm shunted by 0.10 ohm while the other ammeter has a resistance of 150 ohm shunted by 0.02ohm. if the shunts are interchanged what would be the readings of the instruments? b) Draw the Sketch and explain the principle and operation of Thermocouple type Ammeter. 3. a) Explain the operation of Harmonic Distortion Analyzer. b) What is Heterodyning and explain the use of Heterodyning in spectrum analyzer along with its circuit diagram. 4. a) Draw the circuit diagram of Dual Trace oscilloscope and explain its operation in detail. b) Explain various types of probes used for CRO. 5. a) Draw the circuit of Wien Bridge and derive the expression for bridge balance. b) In the case of a Schering Bridge, arm Ac has R=4.7kΩ. Arm CD has unknown elements. Arm BD has C=0.1µF Arm AB=4.7KΩ is shunt with 1MF. Determine Values of components is the arm CD. 6. a) What is Thermistor and explain its importance along with advantages of it b) Draw the Linear variable differential Transducer and explain its operation in detail. 7. a) Define Humidity and give a classification. Explain the procedure for the measurement of humidity. b) Explain in detail about the stroboscope for the measurement of speed.

9 Code No: RT42042 R13 Set No. 4 ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION 1. a) Define and derive static and Dynamic error b) Explain the concept of Digital Fourier Analyzer in detail c) Explain the basic principal of CRO in detail [3] d) List out the different Precautions to be taken when using a Bridge with one example e) Explain the different Advantages of Electrical Transducers in detail f) How does pirani gauge differ from thermocouple gauge in operating principle [3] 2. a) List out different DC voltmeters and explain any one voltmeter in detail b) A Voltmeter having a sensitivity of 30k/V reads 80V on a 100V scale, when connected across an unknown resistor. The current through the resistor is 2mA. Calculate the % of error due to loading effect. 3. a) Draw the block diagram of a signal generator and explain its operation. b) Explain the concept of Wien s Bridge method of Harmonic Distortion Analyzer along with circuit diagram. 4. a) Explain the Vertical amplifier section of CRT along with Block diagram. b) An electrically deflected CRT has a final Anode voltage of 2000V and parallel deflecting plates of 1.5cm long and 5mm apart. If the screen is 50cm from the centre of the deflecting plates, Find a) Beam speed b) Deflection sensitivity of the tube and c) Deflection factor of the tube. 5. a) Draw the Anderson Bridge and derive the expression for the unknown inductance. What are the salient features of this bridge circuit? b) Quantitatively explain about a bridge which is used for the measurement of the High Quality factor values. 6. a) Explain the Resistive position Transducer along with circuit diagram. b) List out different types of Strain Gauges used Transducer and explain any one in detail. 7. a) Define moisture and explain a method to measure it. b) Explain the working principle of an accelerometer.

10 Code No: RT42043A R13 Set No. 1 IV B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, July/August SATELLITE COMMUNICATION 1. a) What is INTELSAT I? Explain [3] b) What is elevation angle and draw its geometry c) Draw the typical tracking, telemetry, command and monitoring system and explain d) What do you understand by the term satellite link? Explain [3] e) Write about Sun synchronous orbit? f) Draw the simplified GPS receiver and explain? 2. a) Give a brief history of satellite communications b) What are different satellite systems? Explain 3. a) Draw the geocentric equatorial system and explain the process of locating the satellite with respect to earth b) A satellite is in an elliptical orbit with a perigee of 1100 km and an apogee of 4200 km. Using the mean earth radius of km, find the period of the orbit and the eccentricity of the orbit 4. a) What are different antennas used on satellites? Explain with the help of typical satellite antenna patterns and coverage zones b) What is reliability? explain and derive expression for average failure rate 5. a) Draw the TDMA frame structure and explain b) A satellite at a distance of 40,000 km from a point on the earth s surface radiates a power of 10 W from an antenna with a gain of 17 db in the direction of the observer. Find the flux density at the receiving point, and the power received by an antenna at this point with an effective area of 10 m a) Discuss about the primary power test methods used in satellite earth stations? b) Discuss the following NGSO (Non Geo Stationary Orbit) Constellation designs: i. Globalstar ii. Teledesic 7. Write short notes on the following: a) GPS receiver operation. b) GPS Signal levels.

11 Code No: RT42043A R13 Set No. 1 SATELLITE COMMUNICATION PART A (22 Marks) 1. a) List the applications of satellites b) Write short notes on orbital perturbations. [3] c) Write short notes on satellite antennas. [3] d) Describe the basic principle of DAMA. e) Explain the delay and throughput considerations of MEO satellites. f) Write short notes on GPS receiver operation. PART B (3x16 = 48 Marks) 2. a) Draw the block diagram for satellite communication system. Explain the function of each block. b) Explain the various frequency band allocations used for satellite services 3. a) What are two approaches used for equipment reliability in the event of failure of communication capacity of the satellite? Explain b) What are look angles? How do you determine? Explain with the help of neat diagrams 4. a) Explain the working of telemetry, tracking, Command and monitoring sub system of a spacecraft. b) Draw the block diagram of typical onboard control system for a spinner satellite and explain its operation. 5. a) Discuss various modulation and multiplexing techniques used with satellite links b) Explain the design procedure of satellite communication link. 6. a) What is meant by sun sync orbit? Explain. b) Explain the general aspects of coverage and frequency considerations of low earth orbit. 7. a) Explain in detail GPS Position Location principles. b) Compare GPS and differential GPS. '' '' '' ''' '

12 Code No: RT42043A R13 Set No. 2 SATELLITE COMMUNICATION PART A (22 Marks) 1. a) Discuss the satellite development in India b) What are the various forces acting on the satellite in the orbit? Explain with necessary expressions. [3] c) Write short notes on equipment reliability in a satellite system. [3] d) What is intermodulation in FDMA? e) Describe the system design considerations of GEO satellites. f) Write short notes on GPS codes. PART B (3x16 = 48 Marks) 2. a) Explain the functions of space segment and ground segment of a satellite system. b) What is an Eclipse? How it affects the satellite function? Explain the way by which the satellite functions normally. 3. a) Explain as to how a satellite is placed into geostationary orbit from earth? b) Discuss the procedure for launches and launch vehicles for spacecrafts. 4. a) Write a short note on Telemetry and Tracking. b) Explain the communication sub-system for the spacecraft. 5. a) Define G/ T ratio and give its importance in satellite communication. b) What is the first multiple access technique used in satellite communication systems? Explain in detail. 6. a) Compare LEO and GEO satellites. b) Define a Geostationary satellite and explain the frequency considerations for the same. 7. a) Define the following: i) C/A code ii) Selective availability b) Describe the various sources of errors of a GPS signal. '' '' '' ''' '

13 Code No: RT42043A R13 Set No. 3 SATELLITE COMMUNICATION PART A (22 Marks) 1. a) Define Keplers laws and list the orbital elements of a satellite b) A satellite is in an elliptical orbit with a perigee of 1000km and an apogee of 4000km. find the period of the orbit and eccentricity of the orbit. [3] c) Write short notes on the power systems used in the spacecraft. [3] d) Derive the expression for link equation. e) Explain the coverage considerations of GEO satellites. f) Describe the applications of GPS. PART B (3x16 = 48 Marks) 2. a) Define the following terms: i) Time of perigee ii) First point of Aries iii) Mean Anomaly iv) Right Ascension b) Explain the basic differences between an Active and passive satellites. 3. a) What are the different launch vehicle selection factors? Explain b) Draw and explain the simplified single conversion transponder (bent pipe) for 6/4 GHz band 4. a) Discuss in detail Altitude and orbit control system for a spacecraft. b) What are the four main types of antennas used in satellites? Explain any two with neat diagrams 5. a) Derive the power received from the satellite at the earth station from the basic transmission theory. b) Explain in detail about the Time division Multiple Access (TDMA) Frame structure. 6. a) Explain briefly about the transmitters and receivers used in satellite earth station? b) What are different satellite constellation designs? Explain any two of them. 7. a) Write notes on GPS Navigation Message and GPS signal levels. b) Write short notes on GPS Receivers and codes. '' '' '' ''' '

14 Code No: RT42043A R13 Set No. 4 SATELLITE COMMUNICATION PART A (22 Marks) 1. a) Explain the brief history of Satellite communications. b) Explain the different orbital effects in satellite communication system performance. [3] c) Explain the orbit control system for a spacecraft. [3] d) Derive the expression for system noise temperature in a satellite receiver. e) With a neat diagram explain the various functions of earth station tracking system. f) Describe the various sources of errors of a GPS signal. PART B (3x16 = 48 Marks) 2. a) List the various frequency bands being used in satellite communication. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of different bands considering the effects of propagation media. [16] 3. a) Discuss the factors which determine the choice of orbit for a communication satellite. b) Define elevation angle and derive the expression for it. 4. a) With the help of a neat diagram, explain the functions of TTC&M system. b) Explain the operation of a 14/11 GHz transponder with a neat diagram. 5. a) Compare FDMA, TDMA and CDMA techniques b) Write short notes on the Low noise amplifier used in the receiver of an earth station 6. a) Define a Geostationary satellite and explain the frequency considerations for the same. b) Write notes on Delay & Throughput considerations for a geo stationary satellite. 7. a) Explain the working of a Differential GPS. b) What are the different segments in GPS configuration? Explain. '' '' '' ''' '

15 Code No: RT42044A R13 Set No. 1 IV B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, July/August WIRELESS SENSORS AND NETWORKS (Common to Electronics & Communication Engineering, Electronics & Instumentation Engineering and Electronics & Computer Engineering) 1. a) What is Wireless sensor network? State few characteristic requirements of WSNs. b) Explain the function of a transceiver [3] c) List out the important classes of MAC protocols. d) What are on-demand routing protocols? e) What are the various responsibilities of Transport layer. f) What is state-centric programming? [3] 2. a) Discuss the design principles for Wireless Sensor Networks. b) Explain the optimization goals and figure of merit of WSN 3. a) Write the main functions of physical layer for WSNs. Produce the most important parameters to be considered while designing the physical layer in WSNs. b) Enumerate in detail about the selection of Physical layer with three choices 4. a) Discuss the requirements for wireless MAC protocols. b) Describe in detail about contention based protocols in WSN. 5. a) Discuss various issues in Designing a Routing Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks b) Explain the Hierarchical Routing Protocols 6. a) Examine the design issues on Transport layer in WSN b) List out the important classes of Transport Layer Solutions 7. a) Explain in detail the node level software platforms. b) Explain about the wireless fidelity systems.

16 Code No: RT42044A R13 Set No. 1 WIRELESS SENSORS AND NETWORKS (Common to Electronics & Communication Engineering, Electronics & Instumentation Engineering and Electronics & Computer Engineering) 1. a) Write the advantages of sensor networks b) Define node and draw PANs topology. c) Write other MAC protocols. d) How does adhoc network differ from wireless networks? Define. e) What is the function of transport layer? [3] f) Write the Smart metering applications [3] 2. a) Explain the need for Gateways and write about Wireless Sensor Network tunneling. b) Explain in detail main sensor node hardware components with neat diagram. 3. a) Discuss the design considerations of physical layer and transceiver. b) Explain hidden node and exposed node problem. 4. a) With relevant examples explain any two MAC layer protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks b) What are the Design goals of a MAC Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks? 5. a) Explain the difference between Proactive routing protocols and Reactive routing protocols. b) Give the classification of routing protocol based on routing topology 6. a) Explain the transport layer protocols in detail. b) Explain in brief about the Issues in Designing a Transport Layer Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks? 7. a) Write short notes on Home automation b) Write short notes on Programming challenges in sensor network

17 Code No: RT42044A R13 Set No. 2 WIRELESS SENSORS AND NETWORKS (Common to Electronics & Communication Engineering, Electronics & Instumentation Engineering and Electronics & Computer Engineering) 1. a) write the merits and demerits of Sensor Networks b) What are the difference between sensor network and MANET? c) List out the applications of wireless sensor networks. d) Define routing protocol. [3] e) Write about security protocol. f) Write the Future directions of WSN [3] 2. a) Define wireless Sensor network? Explain in brief about the challenges in designing a wireless Sensor network b) Write about optimization goal and Figure of Merit 3. a) Explain in detail about the different types of MANET routing Algorithms b) Compare the topologies of PANs and WANETs. 4. a) What is the principle behind scheduled based protocol? Explain any one schedule based protocol. b) What are the different Contention based protocols, write about CSMA Protocol. 5. a) Describe about various types of hybrid routing protocols. b) Explain in brief about the Issues in Designing a Routing Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks 6. a) Explain TCP over Ad Hoc wireless networks in detail.. b) What is the design Goals of a Transport Layer Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks? 7. a) Write short notes on State-centric programming b) Write short notes on Wireless fidelity systems

18 Code No: RT42044A R13 Set No. 3 WIRELESS SENSORS AND NETWORKS (Common to Electronics & Communication Engineering, Electronics & Instumentation Engineering and Electronics & Computer Engineering) 1. a) Define the sensor networks. [3] b) What are the applications needed in a MANET? c) Write about MAC protocols. d) Write about adhoc wireless networks. [3] e) the classification of transport layer f) Write the applications of wireless sensor networks 2. a) Discuss in detail about the energy consumption of Sensor Nodes. b) Write about the enabling technologies for wireless sensor networks. 3. a) Explain in detail trans-receiver design considerations of WSNS b) Write in detail about PAN and MANETS. 4. a) Discuss different types of MAC protocols. b) Discuss about the Contention Based MAC Protocols with Scheduling Mechanisms. 5. a) Discuss about hierarchical routing protocols. b) Discuss about efficient flooding routing protocols. 6. a) Explain what are the other transport layer protocol for AdHoc wireless networks. b) What are the challenges in transport layer for AdHoc networks? 7. a) Describe the Berkeley Motes in detail. b) What is the key management and give various key management approaches

19 Code No: RT42044A R13 Set No. 4 WIRELESS SENSORS AND NETWORKS (Common to Electronics & Communication Engineering, Electronics & Instumentation Engineering and Electronics & Computer Engineering) 1. a) Write different types of applications, Wireless sensor networks are used? b) What is mobile ad-hoc network? [3] c) Differentiate between contention based protocols and schedule based protocols. d) Classify routing protocols. e) What is TCP? [3] f) Write the Applications of ultra wide band radio communication 2. a) Describe the single node architecture with appropriate diagram. b) Draw and explain sensor network architecture. 3. a) Explain in detail personal area networks (PANs). b) Write about the topologies of MANETs and WANETs. 4. a) Explain the issues in Designing a MAC protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks. b) Write about the MAC protocol that uses Directional Antennas 5. a) Write about power-aware routing protocols, proactive routing. b) Differentiate between Table Driven Routing Protocols and On Demand Routing Protocols? 6. a) What is a transport layer? How to Classify Transport Layer Solutions? b) Explain in brief about Security in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks? 7. a) Describe the attacks in Network Security b) Write short notes on Node level simulators