A DUAL SERIES DC TO DC RESONANT CONVERTER

Transcription

1 A DUAL SERIES DC TO DC RESONANT CONVERTER V.ANANDHAN.,BE., ME, POWER SYSTEM SCSVMU UNIVERSITY Dr.S.SENTAMIL SELVAN.,M.E.,Ph.D., ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR SCSVMU UNIVERSITY Abstract - A dual series - resonant DC - DC converter with zero voltage switching (ZVS) and zero current switching (ZCS) features is proposed in this paper. The topology consists of two switches and a clamping capacitor on the primary side of an isolating transformer. The two switches are operated in complementary mode under pulse width modulation (PWM) scheme. The secondary side of the transformer is connected to the load through two seriesresonant circuits and a half bridge diode rectifying stage, in which the rise and fall slopes of the diode currents are limited by the slope of the currents in the resonant circuits, resulting in reduced switching losses in the diodes. The two series-resonant circuits provide power transfer to the output load without interruption throughout the positive and negative cycles of operation. It is shown that the output voltage of the proposed converter can be regulated using either pulse width modulation control or frequency modulation control. Both step-down and step-up voltage conversions can be achieved using the proposed topology. Keywords PWM, Resonant, Clamping Capacitor, Isolating transformer, Series Resonant, Voltage Conversions. INTRODUCTION Power converters of DC to DC play a significant role in several applications including DC electric power distribution systems, renewable energy generation technologies, and DC switched mode power supplies. In the development of new topologies and control schemes are always an ongoing challenge for researchers. The objectives of this challenge are improvement in efficiency, increased power density, reduced complexity of the control scheme, and reduction in total manufacturing cost of the converter. Significant progress in soft switching methods, including zero voltage switching (ZVS) and zero current switching (ZCS) techniques, have enabled DC-DC converters to be operated at high switching frequencies with reduced switching losses. EXISTING METHOD Several attempts have been made to improve the power density of clamped resonant converters. Interleaving technique is one of the well-known proposed methods to increase the power transferred to the load and reduce the input and output current ripples in power factor correction circuits. In this technique, identical units of the converter are paralleled and operated at the same switching frequency but with phase-shifted switching signals. Despite the improvement in the transferred power to the load, this approach 2018 IJATST. All Rights Reserved

2 in increased number of switching and passive components, increased sophistication in the switching scheme, as well as increased manufacturing costs. For example, a 2-stage interleaved active clamping resonant converter, which provides continuous power transfer to the output load during the complete cycle of operation. However, the doubling of the active and passive components does not significantly improve the power density of the converter. PROPOSED METHOD An alternative topology of the active clamping resonant DC-DC converter is proposed. By implementing two series resonant circuits, the power transfer to the output load is not interrupted, resulting in improved power transfer capability. The proposed converter, referred to as the dual seriesresonant DC-DC converter, features ZVS and ZCS conditions over a wide range of switching frequency operation and output voltage variations. BLOCK DIAGRAM the PWM to control high speed switching transformer SIMULATION CIRCUIT Fig2. Simulation Output Fig3. Simulation Waveform HARDWARE CIRCUIT DIAGRAM Fig1.Functional block diagram DESCRIPTION The functional block diagram is given above. The block describes that the DC voltage is given as a input to the dc to dc resonance converter as semiresonant. A PIC microcontroller is used to generate Fig4.Hardware Circuit Diagram MICROCONTROLLER PIC16F877A The PIC microcontroller PIC16f877a is one of the most renowned microcontrollers in the industry. This controller is very convenient to use, the coding or programming of this controller is also easier. One of the main advantages is that it can 2018 IJATST. All Rights Reserved

3 write-erase as many times as possible because it use FLASH memory technology. It has a total number of 40 pins and there are 33 pins for input and output. PIC16F877A is used in many microcontroller projects. PIC16F877A also have many application in digital electronics circuits. DEVICE OVERVIEW This document contains device specific information about the following devices: PIC16F877A PIC16F873A/876A devices are available only in 28-pin packages, while PIC16F874A/877A devices are available in 40-pin and 44-pin packages. All devices in the PIC16F87XA family share common architecture with the following differences: The PIC16F873A and PIC16F874A have one-half of the total on-chip memory of the PIC16F876A and PIC16F877A. The 28-pin devices have three I/O ports, while the 40/44-pin devices have five. The 28-pin devices have fourteen interrupts, while the 40/44-pin devices have fifteen. The 28-pin devices have five A/D input channels, while the 40/44-pin devices have eight. The Parallel Slave Port is implemented only on the 40/44-pin devices. DRIVER IR2110 The IR2110/IR2113 are high voltage, high speed power MOSFET and IGBT drivers with independent high and low side referenced output channels. Proprietary HVIC and latch immune CMOS technologies enable ruggedized monolithic construction. Logic inputs are compatible with standard CMOS or LSTTL output, down to 3.3V logic. The output drivers feature a high pulse current buffer stage designed for minimum driver cross-conduction. Propagation delays are matched to simplify use in high frequency applications. The floating channel can be used to drive an N-channel power MOSFET or IGBT in the high side configuration which operates up to 500 or 600 volts. FEATURES Floating channel designed for bootstrap operation Fully operational to +500V or +600V Tolerant to negative transient voltage dv/dt immune. Gate drive supply range from 10 to 20V. Under voltage lockout for both channels. 3.3V logic compatible Separate logic supply range from 3.3V to 20V Logic and power ground ±5V offset. CMOS Schmitt-triggered inputs with pulldown. Cycle by cycle edge-triggered shutdown logic. Matched propagation delay for both channels. Outputs in phase with inputs. Fig5.Circuit Connection Diagram Functional block diagram Fig6.Functional block diagram of IR2110 4N60 4A, 600V N-CHANNEL POWER MOSFET The UTC 4N60 is a high voltage power MOSFET and is designed to have better characteristics, such as fast switching time, low gate charge, low on-state resistance and have a high rugged avalanche characteristics. This power MOSFET is usually used at high speed switching applications in power supplies, PWM motor controls, high efficient DC to DC converters and bridge 2018 IJATST. All Rights Reserved

4 FEATURES & SYMBOL RDS(ON)< VGS= 10 V, ID= 2.2A Fast Switching Capability Avalanche Energy Specified Improved dv/dt Capability, high Ruggedness. ZERO CURRENT SWITCHING(ZCS) RESONANT CONVERTER Zero Current Switching(ZCS) Resonant turn On & turn off at zero current. This converter can operate at higher range frequency that is 1MHz to 2Mhz. Fig7.Symbol of MOSFET CLASSIFICATIONS OF RESONANT The Resonant broadly Classified into Eight types. Those are:- 1. Series Resonant inverter 2. Parallel Resonant inverter 3. Class E Resonant 4. Class E Resonant Rectifier 5. Zero Voltage Switching(ZVS) Resonant 6. Zero Current Switching(ZCS) Resonant 7. Two Quadrant ZVS Resonant 8. Resonant dc-link inverter ZERO VOLTAGE SWITCHING (ZVS) RESONANT CONVERTER 1.The ZVS Resonant turn on & turn off at zero voltage. 2.Output voltage control can be achieved by varying the frequency & operates with constant off time control. Fig8. ZVS Resonant FIG9. (ZCS) Resonant PROPOSED TOPOLOGY The proposed topology of the dual series-resonant DC-DC converter is shown in Figure. Fig10. Proposed Dual Series DC to DC Resonant e At the primary side the isolation transformer consists of a winding of turns Np and magnetizing inductance Lm. The circuit configuration at the input of the transformer consists of two active switches, 1. Q1 and 2.Q2, and a clamp capacitor Cc in series with Q1. The anti-parallel diodes and internal capacitors of the switches (DQ1, CQ1, DQ2, and CQ2) are shown in Figure10. The secondary side of the transformer has two windings (Ns1 and Ns2), each connected to separate but identical series-resonant circuit with identical parameters (i.e., Lr1 and Cr1 to Ns1, Lr2 and Cr2 to Ns2, with Lr1=Lr2, Cr1=Cr2 and Ns1=Ns2=Ns). Two shunt jumpers (J1 and J2) are included in the circuit. By removing one of the jumpers, the topology can be changed to a single 2018 IJATST. All Rights Reserved

5 circuit to allow comparison of results between the single series-resonant topology and the dual seriesresonant topology. A diode rectifying stage (D1 and D2) connects the output load and output capacitor to the series-resonant circuits. The positive polarity of all voltage and current variables are shown in Figure10. PHOTOGRAPHY OF HARDWARE CONCLUSION An alternative topology of the active clamping resonant DC-DC converter that uses a dual series-resonant topology was proposed. The two identical series resonant circuits on the secondary side of the converter provide complementary paths to supply the load current without interruption during the complete operational modes of the converter, resulting in improved output power transfer capability of the converter. It features zero voltage turn-on for the switches and zero current turn-on for the output diodes, where the rise and fall slope of the diode current is limited by the slope of the current of the resonant circuit. Results from an experimental prototype of the proposed topology show good agreement with simulation and modeling results. REFERENCE [1] R. D. Middlebrook, S. Cuk, "A General Unified Approach to Modelling Switching Power Stage," 1976 IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conf., 1976, pp [2] Y. K. Lo, J. Y. Lin, " Active-Clamping ZVS Flyback Employing Two Transformers," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol 22, no. 6, pp , [3] U. R. Prasanna, A. K. Rathore, "Small-Signal Modeling of Active- Clamped ZVS Current-Fed Full-Bridge Isolated DC/DC and Control System Implementation Using PSoC," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 61, no. 3, pp , Mar [4] H. Wang, S. Dusmez, and A. Khaligh, "Design Considerations for a Level-2 On-Board PEV Charger Based on Interleaved Boost PFC and LLC Resonant s," Transportation Electrification Conf. and Expo. (ITEC), June 2013, pp [5] E. X. Yang, F. C. Lee, and M. M. Jovanovic, "Small-signal modeling of power electronic circuits by extended describing function concept," Proc. VPEC Seminar, 1991, pp [6] B. R. Lin, C. L. Huang, "Interleaved ZVS With Ripple-Current Cancellation," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 55, no. 4, Apr [7] M. E. Elbuluk, G. C. Verghese, and J. G. Kassakian, "Sampled-data modeling and digital control of resonant converters," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 3, no. 3, pp , July [8] G. Jun-yin,W. Hong-fei, C. Guo-cheng, and X. Yan, Research on photovoltaic grid-connected inverter based on soft-switching interleavedflyback converter, in Proc. IEEE Conf. Ind. Electron. Appl. (ICIEA),2010, pp IJATST. All Rights Reserved