Redefining RF Instrumentation

Transcription

1 Redefining RF Instrumentation

2 Agenda Introduction RF Platform PXI Architecture NI FPGA Platform RF Instrumentation redefined

3 Wireless Everywhere The proliferation of mobile devices, including smartphones and other mobile devices, will continue to be the key growth driver into the foreseeable future. Jessy Cavazos, Industry Director, Frost & Sullivan

4 Increasing Complexity a/b/g n ac ad CDMA Bluetooth LTE-A EDGE GPS GSM NFC GLONASS RFID LTE WiMAX ZigBee

5 Moore s Law Is 1970s 2012

6 1970s Moore s Law Is Not 2012

7 Phone Calls Text Messages Caller ID Voic Camera Music Videos Facetime GPS Accelerometer Voice Command Gyroscope Infrared ereader Pedometer 1970s Mobile Phones 2012

8 1970s Moore s Law for Instrumentation 2012

9 NI RF Communications Strategic Initiatives PXI and PXIe deliver unmatched measurement speed and data throughput Fast data buses available for fastest throughput and data streaming Modular approach reduces costs and simplifies system design Multi-core microprocessors increase performance and system capability FPGA technology enables real time processing NI makes it easy to use FPGAs for RF communications applications Ultimate in performance and timing control Flexible, open software architectures Expand and update Host and FPGA capabilities Accelerate prototyping Stable API preserves software investment Necessary to solve today s complex wireless systems Facilitates software reuse

10 RF Engineering Experience NI s RF Growing Investment Austin, TX RF H/W design, S/W driver and utilities Berkeley, CA Advanced graphical system design research center Santa Rosa, CA RF H/W design center Bangalore, India MT, SMT, Standard-specific Toolkits/IP, Fixed Point Algorithms Global RF Systems Engineers

11 National Instruments RF & Microwave Test Platform Optimized APIs Cellular, Wireless, and GPS Test Toolkits ( a/b/g/n, GSM/EDGE, WCDMA, LTE, WiMAX, GPS, etc.) Soft Front Panels Highly Modular Hardware & Software Reference Architectures Multicore Processing RF Signal Generators & Analyzers FPGA I/O and Coprocessing RF Vector Network Analyzer Switches, Amplifiers, & Attenuators Power Meters

12 PXI Controller Win, Linux, RT ADEs Multicore Integrated MXI PXI Architecture Chassis System monitoring Flotherm cooling HALT testing Custom Pwr Supplies PXI Backplane Bus Technology Timing Synchronization PCI Express Differential trigger 10/100 MHz clock System Services System-level assembly & test High availability & extended lifetime agreements Peripheral Slots PXI & PXI Express hybrid slots > 1500 PXI modules from > 70 vendors

13 PXI Timing and Synchronization PXI Trigger.jpg Each module can share sample clocks and start triggers

14 Increasing (Improving) Bandwidth Max Bandwidth (MB/s) PCIe: Best Bandwidth Versus Latency 10,000 1,000 PCI Express/ PXI Express (x4) 100 Gigabit Ethernet USB 2.0 IEEE 1394a PCI/PXI VME/VXI 10 Fast Ethernet GPIB (HS 488) USB 1.1 GPIB (488.1) 1 10,000 1, Approximate Latency (μs) Decreasing (Improving) Latency

15 PCI Express Data Transfer Rates PCI Express Link Generation Theoretical Unidirectional Transfer Rates Theoretical Bidirectional Transfer Rates x4 Gen 1 1 GB/s 1 GB/s x2 x16 Gen 1 4 GB/s 4 GB/s x2 x4 Gen 2 2 GB/s 2 GB/s x2 x16 Gen 2 8 GB/s 8GB/s x2 15

16 PXI Data Transfer

17 PXI Overview: Software Experience LabVIEW Instrument Driver Soft-Front Panels PXI controller is a computer Each module is an instrument

18 NI Software for Connectivity & Cellular WLAN a/b/g/n/ac Bluetooth (2.1+EDR) LTE (FDD/TDD) WiMAX GSM/EDGE + WCDMA & HSPA+ CDMA2000 EV-DO AM/FM/RDS GNSS GPS, GLONASS RFID/NFC ZigBee

19 Software Programmable with LabVIEW FPGA Co-processing available with Xilinx Virtex-5 SXT-Series FPGA s Up to 800 MB/s peer-to-peer streaming from/to other modules Wide range of pre-existing wireless/comm IP NI FPGA Technology

20 Why Use an FPGA?...Performance! 5,000 5, TMACS 500 FPGA Performance (GMACs) FPGAs 50 CPUs 50 CPU Performance (GFLOPs)

21 NI FlexRIO Peer-to-Peer Architecture >800 MB/s one way >700 MB/s both ways ~10 µs latency Up to 16 streams per FPGA NI PXIe-1075 PCIe Switch PCIe Switch PCIe Switch PCIe Switch

22 FPGA Co-Processing Unique to PXI because of peer-to-peer streaming Real-time signal processing, SDR, and spectrum monitoring Utilizes LabVIEW FPGA for greater user productivity

23 Maximum Peer-to-Peer Streaming Rates 800 MB/s 700 MB/s 700 MB/s Streaming to/from Controller Memory Can sustain 7 unidirectional streams at 800 MB/s for a total of 5.6GB/s Streaming to/from Disk Can sustain 4 streams at 700 MB/s for 2.8GB/s/direction (5.6GB/s total system) Peer-to-Peer Streaming Can sustain 8 streams at 700 MB/s for 5.6GB/s/direction (11.2GB/s total system)

24 Inline Signal Processing Generic View In-line Processing Rx Rx Scan Lists Triggering Energy Detection Filtering Rx Signal Processing Signal Classification DDC Channelization Decimation Pulse Decoding Demodulation Channel Decoding Source Decoding Data Storage System Signals (Triggers, GPIO, etc) System Signals (GPS timing, Triggers, GPIO, etc) Data Storage Channel Emulation Spoofing Jamming Tx Signal Processing Source Coding Channel Coding Modulation Resampling DUC Tx Tx VSAs & VSGs FlexRIO FAMs LabVIEW LabVIEW LabVIEW VSAs & VSGs FlexRIO FAMs Desktop Real-Time FPGA Baseband High Speed DIO Baseband High Speed DIO

25 Programming Options for NIFPGA Platform LabVIEW FPGA NI IPNet LabVIEW FPGA RF Communications Library LabVIEW FPGA IP Integration Node Existing HDL (CLIP Node)

26 IPNet LabVIEW FPGA Functions and Example IP

27 IP Integration Node with Xilinx CoreGen

28 Phase Coherent RF Test Phase-coherence achieved through shared LO System expandable to 4x4 and beyond Phase-Coherent Four- Channel PXIe-5663 VSA Phase-Coherent Two - Channel PXIe-5673 VSG

29 Traditional Synchronization Method 10 MHz Reference Phase Detector Filter VCO RF 1 I1 φ LO 1 ADC DDC Q 1 N Frequency Divider Phase Detector Filter VCO RF 2 I 2 φ N LO 2 ADC DDC Q 2 Frequency Divider

30 Better Synchronization through Modularity RF 1 LO 1 ADC DDC I 1 10 MHz Reference Phase Detector Filter VCO Q 1 φ RF 2 N Frequency Divider Use of a common local oscillator for synchronization improves measurement quality LO 2 ADC DDC I 2 Q 2

31 Shared Reference vs. Shared LO

32 Channel-to-Channel Phase Accuracy STDEV = 0.37 STDEV = 0.045

33 Four-Channel Phase-Coherent Acquisition Local Oscillator Downconverters Shared LO Shared ADC Clock Digitizers

34 RF Instrumentation redefined

35 Building the Perfect Microwave Instrument The Expectations

36 More Functionality

37 Smaller Footprint

38 Reduced Cost

39 Accelerated Delivery

40 A New Solution Must: Improve on RF specifications Be smaller, faster AND lower cost Integrate multiple functions/instruments Rapidly support evolving wireless standards Meet ALL of the customer s needs (As DEFINED by the CUSTOMER!!!)

41 Introducing the NI PXIe-5644R The World s First Vector Signal Transceiver

42 Introducing the NI PXIe-5644R The World s First Vector Signal Transceiver Up to 6.0 GHz frequency coverage 80 MHz analysis bandwidth Support for the latest wireless standards, including ac Integrated RF generation, RF analysis and high-speed digital Low-cost, low-power, small footprint Based on the NI LabVIEW RIO architecture

43 A Closer Look at the PXIe-5644R RF Input 65 MHz 6 GHz 80 MHz BW RF Output 65 MHz 6 GHz 80 MHz BW Reference In/Out Trigger Digital I/O 24 channels Up to 250 Mbps Additional triggering Calibration In/Out Always keep the calibration cable connected LOs In/Out Independent In & Out MIMO Support

44 PXIe-5644R Block Diagram

45 PXIe-5644R Block Diagram IP

46 Fraction of the Size of Traditional Solutions The World s First Vector Signal Transceiver

47 Extremely Low Power The World s First Vector Signal Transceiver < 60 Watts

48 5 Input and Output Channels in 1 Chassis The World s First Vector Signal Transceiver

49 A New Solution Must Improve on RF specifications Be smaller, faster AND lower cost Integrate multiple functions/instruments Rapidly support evolving wireless standards Meet ALL of the customer s needs (As DEFINED by the CUSTOMER!!!)

50

51 LabVIEW Reconfigurable I/O (RIO) Architecture Processor Processor FPGA FPGA Analog I/O Digital I/O Motion I/O Custom I/O

52 Software-Designed Instrumentation Completely Open-Source Driver Ensures Ultimate Flexibility The vector signal transceiver is ready to run out of the box, but the driver is written entirely in LabVIEW, giving you direct access to the instruments I/O.

53 Software-Designed Instrumentation Completely Open-Source Driver Ensures Ultimate Flexibility The vector signal transceiver is ready to run out of the box, but the driver is written entirely in LabVIEW, giving you direct access to the instrument s I/O.

54 Software-Designed Instrumentation Frequency Domain Averaging Protocol Aware ATE Channel Emulation Frequency Triggering Power Level Servoing Noise Correction Software Defined Radio Vector Signal Analyzer Test Sequencing Vector Signal Generator DUT Control Demo

55 Traditional RF PA Servoing Application RF-out Update Output Power Vector Signal Generator Acquire Waveform Vector Signal Analyzer Desktop PC and GPIB

56 FPGA-Based RF PA Servoing Application NI PXIe-5644R Vector Signal Transceiver

57 Small Code Changes Lead to Dramatic Performance Increases Demo

58 RF Standards Increasing Complexity a + b + g n ac 100+ Combinations 1,000+ Combinations 10,000+ Combinations

59 Case Study: Qualcomm Qualcomm Atheros is the networking and connectivity subsidiary of Qualcomm, Inc. Leading provider of wired and wireless technologies Serving mobile, computing, consumer electronics and networking channels GPIO GPIO 2.4/5 GHz 11ac Radio Front End WLAN RF CPU and Memory SOC, MAC and PHY Synthesizer PCIE Power Management PCIE 3.3 V REF CLK/ Crystal ac Device Block Diagram

60 Example WLAN Receive Chain ,096 16,384 65, ,144

61 Vector Signal Transceiver/Device Under Test Integration Qualcomm Atheros ac Device Under Test Tx RF-out RF-in VSA Rx RF-in RF-out VSG Digital I/O Digital Device Control Digital I/O

62 EVM (db) Versus Average Output Power Chain Traditional Instrumentation NI PXI Vector Signal Transceiver

63 Qualcomm Results a + b + g n ac Early 2000s Traditional Rack and Stack 2007 NI PXI RF Instrumentation 10X Faster Than Traditional 2012 NI PXI Vector Signal Transceiver 200X Faster Than Traditional

64 Radio Propagation Environment

65 Real-Time MIMO Channel Emulation LabVIEW High-quality, wide-bandwidth RF Hardware Configuration and Application Control Fading Generation Powerful FPGA tightly integrated with RF in and out LabVIEW FPGA Interpolate RFin DDC/ Sample Rate Change BRAM Delay Bank Dot Product DUC/ Sample Rate Change RFout NI PXIe-5644R Vector Signal Transceiver LabVIEW FPGA Interpolate High-throughput, low-latency streaming through PXI Express peer-to-peer RFin DDC/ Sample Rate Change BRAM Delay Bank Dot Product DUC/ Sample Rate Change NI PXIe-5644R Vector Signal Transceiver Scalable and flexible from 1x1 up to 8x8 MIMO RFout Tight sample and phase synchronization for MIMO/ beamforming

66 Vector Signal Transceiver Industry Leading Measurement Performance Smaller, Faster & Lower Cost Generator, Analyzer and High Speed Digital Support for ac and LTE First Software-Designed Instrument

67 NI PXI RF & Wireless Test Advantage NI PXI RF & Wireless Test R&D Boxes + Good Performance - Very High Cost - Slow Measurement Speed - Less Flexible Better Performance Lower Cost Faster Measurement Speed More Flexibility Broad Wireless Test Coverage Manufacturing Boxes + Low Cost & Good Measure Speed - Lower Performance - Limited Wireless Test Coverage - Less Flexible

68 Questions?

69 IP and Examples ni.com/vstgettingstarted Simple VSA / VSG VST Streaming