Introduction to SPICE. Simulator of Electronic devices

Transcription

1 Introduction to SPICE Simulator of Electronic devices

2 Main steps: Download Instalation Open OrCAD capture CIS Lite Create a circuit. Place parts. Design a Simulation Profile Run PSpice F11 View simulation results F12

3 Download Orcad 16.5 Demo software Capture & PSpice only

4 Installation You will receive an with a link where you download a compressed file: 16.5_OrCAD_Lite_Capture& PSpice_Products.zip Decompress and install. Open PSpice Running PSpice the first time: Cadence-> Orcad 16.5 Lite -> OrCAD Capture CIS Lite Project -> New Analog or mixed A/D. Name. Create a blank project

5 File options Project (practica01.dsn): -Pages (PAGE1, PAGE2,...) -Simulation profiles (name01, name02,...)

6 NEW PAGES A new page can be created. The pages inside the same schematics have the same simulation profile. If you edit this profile in one page it is automatically modified in the rest of pages. When you run spice, the results of all pages are represented together in the same figure if markers are placed in them. You can eliminate markers you do not want to see. You can create different simulation profiles and select them when you like

7 If you need to use and keep different simulation profiles in different circuits you would rather create a new schematics Create schematic +mouse right button -e -> make root. If you do not make root you will see this message:

8 Edition options (Edit, Draw, View). Place->Part (or p) Rotate Mirror Place->Wire (or w) Place->Text (or t) Zoom in/out (I/O) Adds a new element to the circuit Rotates a selected element Reflects the component as in a mirror Connects elements with wires Adds text to the circuit Zooms in/out

9 Creating a circuit. Place component: Add library: (Place -> Part) or (P) (Alt+A) or click on this icon The libraries below do not work. Only those in pspice directory do. Select all

10 Placing components Most common components: Place->Part (p) R, C, L Resistor, capacitor, inductor Ground Use 0/CAPSYM symbol to place a dc ground. VDC/SOURCE DC source. VSRC General purpose voltage source (DC-AC-Pulse) Vsin Sine voltage source: amplitude (VAMPL), frequency (FREQ) and offset (VOFF) Vpulse Square voltage source: minimum (V1), maximum (V2), pulse width (PW), period (PER), fall time (TF), rise time (TR) y delay time (TD) d1n4002 Diode Q2n2222 Bipolar Transistor (npn) MbreakN, MbreakP Enhancement MOSFET n- (p-) channel ua741 Operational amplifier 741 Markers: Mark Voltage/Level Mark Voltage Differential Mark Current into Pin Mark Power dissipation V icon: Enable bias voltage display

11 -Write name of part or select it from the list + enter -Capacitor: C/ANALOG Resistor: R/ANALOG Inductor: L/ANALOG Diode: Dbreak/BREAKOUT, PDIODE/EVALP Bipolar Junction Transistor: Q2N../EVAL, PBJN/EVALP MOSFET: MBREAKN/BREAKOUT, MBREAKN/BREAKOUT

12 VDC/SOURCE VAC/SOURCE VEXP/SOURCE VSRC/SOURCE VSIN/SOURCE VPULSE/SOURCE

13 Dependent sources Voltage controlled voltage source : E Current controlled voltage source: H Voltage controlled current source : G Current controlled current source: F Output of source depends on some other variable. There are four types depending on the controlling variable and output of the source.

14 SCALE FACTORS IN PSPICE SYMBOL EXPONENT VALUE F (f) 1e P (p) 1e N (n) 1e U (u) 1e M (m) 1e K (k) 1e MEG (meg) 1e G (g) 1e T (t) 1e Important: Pspice DOES NOT DISTINGHISH between uppercase or lowercase letters. 1M is always mili- (1E-3 = 1e-3), never mega- (1E6 = 1e6).

15 Design. Simulation. Results.

16 Simple circuits. Basic analysis. Bias point It generates output file.

17 DC sweep

18 AC sweep dv i = C dt ω 0 dv V constant; 0; dt i 0 open circuit ω dv ; dt i short circuit

19 Time domain (transient)

20 Parametric analysis

21 Results Schematics Trace Add Trace (INSERT): Adds a new curve on the current figure: Vo, Vin, 20*log(Vo/Vin), db Plot Axis settings: Data range (auto/user defined), axis scale (linear/log) Plot Add Plot to window: representation of more than one figure in the same window. Plot Delete Plot. Plot Label Text, Line, Poly-Line, Arrow, Box, Circle, Ellipse. View Zoom, Output File, Toolbars, Alternate Display,

22 Use of worksheet to represent results and to compare Spice, theory and lab results. Select curve in Schematics and Ctrl+C

23 Place Hierarchical Blocks 1.- Place -> Hierarchical Block. 2.- Fill: Reference.Write a name you want. 3.- Click, Primitive -> No (in order to modify it). 4.- Implementation type -> Schematic view 5.- Implementation name: write a name you want 6.- Ok 7.- Mark a rectangle with the mouse on the screen. 8.- Place Hierarchical pin. Name ( in or out ), Type ( input or output ) 9.- To copy Hierarchical Blocks you must copy the block and the contents separatedly. Is is preferable to create a part in a new library

24 Creating a part in a library. 1.- In project window, click on project name. 2.- Clik: Tools -> Generate Part. Netlist/source file: name of the project we are working on Netlist/source file type: Capture Schematic/Design Part name: give a name for the part. Ex.: Diode Primitive: No Destination part library: /COMPONENTES.olb Source Schematic name: Schematic name that includes the hierarchical block Create New Part: It must be active 3. Ok. - Accept Pin confirmation window: Ok->save -The library and part are generated and loaded in the output file. -Opcional: the icon of the design can be changed by drawing new lines or inserting text. Click right button in your mouse -> Edit part. -The part of this library can be placed in a circuit as usual: Place->part or write simply p.