Page K1. The Big Picture. Pilotage

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1 Page K1 Pilotage 1. [K1/3/2] Pilotage is navigation by A. reference to flight instruments. B. reference to landmarks. C. reference to airborne satellites. Electronic Elucidation The Big Picture 3. [K4/2/1] Each VOR station transmits its signals on A. VHF between MHz and MHz. B. VHF between MHz and MHz. C. UHF between MHz and MHz. 4. [K4/Figure5] Label the individual VOR radials as shown in the figure below: A 2. [K4/1/3] The navigation station shown by arrow A in the middle of the figure above is A. an NDB station. B. a ground based GPS station. C. a VOR station.

2 K2 Rod Machado s Private Pilot Workbook 5. [K5/1/3] VOR reception is A. based on line of sight transmission of the signal. B. unaffected by line of sight transmission of the signal. C. LF and doesn t depend on altitude or line of sight. Your VOR Equipment How to Navigate with VOR 8. [K7/All] List, in order, the steps needed for navigating to a VOR station. A. Tune and identify the VOR station, rotate the OBS until a TO flag appears, continue rotating the OBS to center the CDI then fly the heading shown under the index. B. Tune and identify the VOR station, rotate the OBS and center the CDI, turn toward the station until a TO flag appears then fly the heading shown under the index. C. Rotate the OBS until a TO flag appears, continue rotating the OBS to center the CDI then fly the heading shown under the index. 6. [K5/Figure 7] Name the individual parts of the VOR display in the figure above. VORs and Airborne Freeways 7. [K6/Figure9] Referring to the figure above, match the individual OBS settings with their respective courses. A. VORs: D, E, F go with Courses A, B, C respectively. B. VORs: D, E, F go with Courses C, B, A respectively. C. VORs: D, E, F go with Courses B, A, C respectively. 9. [K8/Figure 11] Referring to the figure above, match the VOR indications with their respective positions in relation to the VOR station. A. VORs A,B,C,D,E,F, go with positions G,J,L,K,H,I. B. VORs A,B,C,D,E,F, go with positions I,L,J,K,G,H. C. VORs A,B,C,D,E,F, go with positions H,G,K,J,L,I.

3 Chapter 11 - Radio Navigation: The Frequency Flyer Program K3 10. [K9/Figure 13] Referring to the figure above, your VOR is tuned to the Burns Flat VORTAC. The omnibearing selector (OBS) is set on 045, with a TO indication, and a right course deviation indicator (CDI) deflection (as shown in the figure on the right). What is the aircraft's position from the VORTAC? A. East-northeast. B. North-northeast. C. West-southwest. 11. [K9/Figure 13] Referring to the figure above, your VOR is tuned to the Sayre VORTAC. The omnibearing selector (OBS) is set on 145, with a FROM indication, and a right course deviation indicator (CDI) deflection. What is the aircraft's position from the VORTAC? A. East-southeast. B. North-northeast. C. West-southwest.

4 K4 Rod Machado s Private Pilot Workbook A 12. [K9/Figure 13] Referring to the figure above, your VOR is tuned to the Burns Flat VORTAC. The omnibearing selector (OBS) is set on 240, with a FROM indication, and a left course deviation indicator (CDI) deflection as show to the right. What is the aircraft's position from the VORTAC? A. East. B. West. C. South. 13. [K9/Figure 13] Referring to the figure above, your #1 VOR is tuned to the Sayre VORTAC and the omnibearing selector (OBS) is set on 325, with a TO indication, and a right course deviation indicator (CDI) deflection. VOR #2 is tuned to the Burns Flat VORTAC and the omnibearing selector (OBS) is set on 225, with a FROM indication, and a right course deviation indicator (CDI) deflection (as shown below). What is the aircraft's position from the VORTAC? If you are over an airport with these VOR readings, which airport would it be? A. Sayre airport. B. Twin Lakes airport. C. Scott airport. VOR #1 VOR #2 14. [K9/Figure 13] Refer to the figure above. Assume your airplane is positioned over the town of Lake Creek (arrow A). Which VOR indication below is correct? A. 1. B. 2. C [K9/Figure 13] Referring to the VOR indicator to the right, what radial is the aircraft crossing? A. 220 degree radial. B. 040 degree radial. C. 22 degree radial.

5 Chapter 11 - Radio Navigation: The Frequency Flyer Program K5 Intercepting a VOR Course 16. [K10/All & Figure 15] Referring to VOR receiver #1 shown above, what heading should you fly to intercept and track outbound on the 330 degree radial at a 60 degree angle? A. 270 B. 300 C [K10/All & Figure 15] Referring to VOR receiver #2 shown above, what heading should you fly to intercept and track inbound on the 060 degree course at a 30 degree angle? A. 030 B. 210 C [K10/All & Figure 15] Referring to VOR receiver #3 shown above, what heading should you fly to intercept and track inbound on the 210 degree course at a 40 degree angle? A. 170 B. 350 C [K10/All & Figure 15] Referring to VOR receiver #4 shown above, what heading should you fly to intercept and track outbound on the 160 degree radial at a 25 degree angle? A. 135 B. 185 C. 005 Flying from the VOR on a Selected Course 20. [K11/Figure 16] Referring to the sectional chart excerpt at the top of the previous page, on what radial should the VOR receiver (OBS) be set to navigate direct from Burns Flat VORTAC to Cordell airport? A. 064 B. 244 C [K11/Figure 16] Referring to the sectional chart excerpt at the top of the previous page, to what should the VOR receiver s OBS be set so as to navigate direct from Scott airport to Hobart VORTAC? A B C Dual VORs for Position Fixing 22. [K12/1/3 & K12/Figure 18] Referring to the sectional chart excerpt at the top of the previous page, what is your approximate position on low altitude airway Victor 440, east of Clinton-Sherman airport (arrow B), if the VOR receiver indicates you are on the 360 degree radial of Hobart VOR? A. 22 nautical miles southeast of Hobart VORTAC. B. 5 nautical miles south of Cordell airport. C. 28 nautical miles southwest of Hobart VORTAC. 23. [K12/1/3 & K12/Figure 18] Referring to the sectional chart at the top of the previous page, what is the approximate position of the aircraft if the VOR receivers indicate that you re on the 176 degree radial of Sayre VORTAC and the 221 degree radial of Burns Flat VOR? A. Town of Reed. B. Town of Lake Creek. C. 5 miles east of Reed. 24. [K12/1/3 & K12/Figure 18] Referring to the sectional chart excerpt at the top of the previous page, what is the approximate position of the aircraft if the VOR receivers indicate the 134 degree radial of Sayre VORTAC and the 292 degree radial of Hobart VORTAC? A. Hohman Airport. B. Town of Lake Creek. C. Twin Lakes Airport.

6 K6 Rod Machado s Private Pilot Workbook Reverse Sensing 25. [K13/1/1] Regarding VOR reverse sensing, don t try to navigate or orient yourself to a VOR station unless a flag is showing. Similarly, don t try to navigate or orient yourself from a VOR station unless a flag shows in the window. A. FROM, TO B. TO, FROM C. OFF, TO Tracking a Selected VOR Course 26. [K13/All] What are the four recommended steps in tracking a VOR course? A. Reintercept the course, identify the effect of wind, apply a wind correction, adjust the wind correction. B. Identify the effect of wind, reintercept the course, apply a wind correction, adjust the wind correction. C. Adjust the wind correction, identify the effect of wind, reintercept the course, apply a wind correction. Chasing the Needle 27. [K14/2/2] Rapid needle movements are not uncommon within miles of a VOR transmitter. A. 5 B. 50 C. 25 A Nifty Technique 28. [K14/2/3] If you re having trouble keeping the VOR needle centered, try the following technique. As the needle is moving away from center, turn toward it to stop the needle s movement. As soon as the needle stops, note your heading. This value approximates the heading required to stay on course. A. intercept B. wind correction C. no wind Proper Names 29. [K16/All, K16/Figure 22 & K9/Figure 13] Referring to VOR #1 (upper right, next column), what radial is the aircraft crossing? A. 030 B. 210 C [K16/All, K16/Figure 22 & K9/Figure 13] Referring to VOR #2 above, what is the aircraft's position relative to the station? A. East. B. West. C. South. 31. [K16/All, K16/Figure 22 & K9/Figure 13] Referring to VOR #3 above, what is the aircraft's position relative to the station? A. North. B. West. C. South. 32. [K16/All, K16/Figure 22 & K9/Figure 13] Referring to VOR #4 above, What is the aircraft's position relative to the station? A. North. B. West. C. East.

7 Chapter 11 - Radio Navigation: The Frequency Flyer Program K7 The Horizontal Situation Indicator 33. [K18/All] Fill in the blanks above: Referring to the figure above, list all the components of the HSI (Horizontal Situation Indicator). A 34. [K18/All] Based on the two HSI indications immediately above, what is the airplane s position on the sectional chart shown in the top right hand column of this page? A. The airplane is nowhere within the map borders. B. Northeast of Tule VOR. C. Directly over Delano airport. 36. [K18/All] Referring to the figure above, with the airplane positioned over Wasco-Kern airport (arrow A), which VOR indications below are correct? A. D and A. B. A and B. C. B and C. 35. [K18/All] Based on the HSI indications immediately above, what is the airplane s position on the sectional chart shown in the top right hand column of this page? A. Near Cashen airport. B. Directly over Delano airport. C. Near the town of Shafter.

8 K8 Rod Machado s Private Pilot Workbook A Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) B 42. [K24/Figure 34] How many satellites are in the GPS constellation? A. 25 B. 24 C [K24/Figure 34] How many GPS satellites are capable of being received from almost any position on earth? A. 4 B. 6 C [K19/1/3] In the operation of DME, a sends a signal to an airborne DME receiver. This transmitter often coexists with a VOR. In fact, every specific VOR frequency has a(n) DME frequency pair. A. ground transmitter, assigned B. ground transmitter, VHF C. airborne transmitter, UHF 38. [K19/3/2] Referring to the sectional chart excerpt above, which of the two VORs shown have DME capability? A. Only Sayer VOR B. Sayer and Burns Flat VOR C. Only Burns Flat VOR What DME Really Tells You 39. [K19/3/3] DME gives you A. actual distance in statute miles from the transmitter. B. slant range distance from the transmitter. C. actual horizontal distance from the transmitter. The Global Positioning System GPS 40. [K21/1/5 & R17/Column 3, Glossary] A waypoint is a A. location identified by VOR cross radials. B. location identified by latitude/longitude/altitude coordinates. C. location defined relative to a VORTAC station or in terms of latitude/longitude coordinates. 41. [K24/2/3] GPS waypoints are defined by A. latitude and longitude coordinates. B. VOR radials and DME distances. C. low frequency NDB stations. 44. [K24/Figure 34] Bonus Question How many Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites are required to yield a three dimensional position (latitude, longitude, and altitude) and time solution? A. 5 B. 4 C [K24/Figure 34] GPS satellites are positioned at an orbit altitude of? A. 22,500 miles above the earth. B. 10,900 miles above the earth. C miles above the earth. Automatic Direction Finding (ADF) Navigation 46. [K25/3/2] The ADF needle always points to a beacon (NDB), which is the source of the ADF signal. A. directional B. nondirectional C. omnidirectional 47. [K26/1/1] When you turn the airplane to keep the ADF needle on the nose, you re performing what kind of navigation? A. Dead reckoning. B. Pilotage. C. Homing. Postflight Briefing 11-1: VOR Reverse Sensing 48. [K27/See Postflight Briefing #11-1] VOR reverse sensing occurs when you try to go a VOR with a indication in the ambiguity indicator. A. from, FROM B. to, TO C. to, FROM 49. [K27/See Postflight Briefing #11-1] If you re experiencing VOR reverse sensing, you ll know it because as you turn toward the needle (the CDI) it will A. not move at all. B. move away from its center position. C. move toward its center position.

9 Chapter 11 - Radio Navigation: The Frequency Flyer Program K9 Postflight Briefing 11-2: The Radio Magnetic Indicator 50. [K28/1/3] The RMI is actually a needle mounted over a compass. A. rotating, slaved B. rotating, wet C. stationary, fixed Postflight Briefing 11-3: ADF: Bearing Down on Homing In 51. [K28/Figure 42] Referring to the figure above, fill in the blanks. 54. [K34/2/2 & K34/Figure 55] Referring to ADF indicator #1 above, what is the relative bearing TO the station? A. 030 degrees. B. 330 degrees. C. 150 degrees. 55. [K34/2/2 & K34/Figure 55] Referring to ADF indicator #2 above, what is the relative bearing TO the station? A. 100 degrees. B. 280 degrees. C. 360 degrees. 52. [K28/2/1] Based on the RMI above, what radial is the airplane on from the VOR station? A. 330 degree radial. B. 150 degree radial. C. 030 degree radial. 53. [K28/2/1] Based on the RMI above, what is the course to the VOR station: A. 330 degrees. B. 030 degrees. C. 150 degrees. 56. [K34/2/2 & K34/Figure 55] Referring to ADF indicator #3 above, what is the relative bearing TO the station? A. 200 degrees. B. 220 degrees. C. 040 degrees. 57. [K34/2/2 & K34/Figure 55] Referring to ADF indicator #4 above, what is the relative bearing TO the station? A. 140 degrees. B. 320 degrees. C. 360 degrees.

10 K10 Rod Machado s Private Pilot Workbook 58. [K34/2/5 & Formula on K34] magnetic bearing TO the station (MBTS). A. 330 degrees MBTS. B. 300 degrees MBTS. C. 270 degrees MBTS. 61. [K34/2/5 & Formula on K34] magnetic bearing TO the station. A. 360 degrees MBTS. B. 270 degrees MBTS. C. 090 degrees MBTS. 59. [K34/2/5 & Formula on K34] magnetic bearing TO the station. A. 330 degrees MBTS. B. 010 degrees MBTS. C. 150 degrees MBTS. 62. [K34/2/5 & Formula on K34] magnetic bearing FROM the station. A. 360 degrees MBFS. B. 180 degrees MBFS. C. 270 degrees MBFS. 60. [K34/2/5 & Formula on K34] magnetic bearing TO the station. A. 330 degrees MBTS. B. 070 degrees MBTS. C. 190 degrees MBTS. 63. [K34/2/5 & Formula on K34] magnetic bearing FROM the station. A. 210 degrees MBFS. B. 020 degrees MBFS. C. 050 degrees MBFS.

11 Chapter 11 - Radio Navigation: The Frequency Flyer Program K [K34/2/5 & Formula on K34] magnetic bearing FROM the station. A. 360 degrees MBFS. B. 050 degrees MBFS. C. 310 degrees MBFS. 65. [K34/2/5 & Formula on K34] magnetic bearing FROM the station. A. 250 degrees MBFS. B. 070 degrees MBFS. C. 010 degrees MBFS. VOR Test Signal 66. [K38/Postflight Briefing #11-5] When the course deviation indicator (CDI) needle is centered during an omnireceiver check using a VOR test signal (VOT), the omnibearing selector (OBS) and the TO/FROM indicator should read A. 180 degrees FROM only if the pilot is due north of the VOT. B. 0 degrees TO or 180 degrees (FROM, regardless of the pilot's position from the VOT. C. 0 degrees FROM or 180 degrees TO, regardless of the pilot's position from the VOT.