V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 FM Broadcast Transmitter

Transcription

1 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 FM Broadcast Transmitter Installation and Operation Manual Original Issue July 2007 Nautel Limited Peggy's Cove Road, Hackett's Cove, NS, Canada B3Z 3J4 T nautel (628835) or F info@nautel.com U.S. customers please contact: Nautel Inc. 201 Target Industrial Circle, Bangor ME T nautel (628835) or F info@nautel.com support@nautel.com Copyright 2007 NAUTEL. All rights reserved.

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3 Warranty by Nautel Limited/Nautel Inc. (herein after referred to as Nautel) Nautel Limited/Nautel Incorporated, hereinafter referred to as Nautel, guarantees all mechanical and electrical parts of the equipment for a period of thirteen months from date of shipment. 1. A "Part Failure" shall be deemed to have occurred when the part has become defective, or does not have the characteristics required for the specified equipment performance: (a) (b) When the equipment is operated within the design parameters, and When the equipment is installed and adjusted according to Nautel's prescribed procedures as stated in the instruction manual. 2. Nautel shall provide replacements for all "Parts" at no cost to the Customer when they become defective during the warranty period, and upon the return of the defective part. 3. In the event that a "Part" fails during the warranty period and causes damage to a sub-assembly that cannot be readily repaired in the field, the entire sub-assembly so damaged may be returned to Nautel for repair. The repairs will be made without charge to the Customer. 4. Where warranty replacements or repair are provided under items 2 or 3, Nautel will pay that part of the shipping costs incurred in returning the part/assembly to the Customer. 5. Warranty replacement parts and repair, which are provided under items 2 or 3, shall be guaranteed for a period of ninety days from date of shipment or until the end of the original warranty period, whichever occurs later. 6. Nautel will not assume responsibility for any charges incurred by other than Nautel employees. 7. Nautel shall have the privilege of investigating whether failures have been caused by factors beyond its control. 8. Nautel shall in no event be liable for any consequential damages arising from the use of this equipment. 9. When requesting a warranty repair/replacement, please provide complete and accurate information. Observe the instructions regarding 'Equipment Being Returned to Nautel' on page two of this warranty and provide the information requested. 10. When ordering spare/replacement parts, please provide complete and accurate information. Refer to the parts list of the Repair Manual for ordering information. Provide as much of the information requested for 'Equipment Being Returned to Nautel' on page two of this warranty as is practical. The information identified by an asterisk is the minimum required. Nautel Limited Nautel Inc Peggy's Cove Road 201 Target Industrial Circle Hackett's Cove NS Canada B3Z 3J4 Bangor ME USA T nautel (628835) or T nautel (628835) or F F hr. Answering Service Customer Service Notice A Technical Assistance and Plug-in Module Exchange service is available to Nautel users. V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Jul.05.07

4 Factory Support TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE Nautel's field service department provides telephone technical assistance on a 24 hour, seven days a week basis. Requests by other media (facsimile or ) will be responded to the next working day if received after Nautel's normal working hours. Contact the appropriate field service centre from the following: U.S.A. customers use: Nautel Incorporated T (24 hours) or nautel (628835) 201 Target Industrial Circle F Bangor, Maine All other customers use: Nautel Limited T (24 hours) or nautel (628835) Peggy s Cove Road, F Hackett s Cove, NS, Canada support@nautel.com B3Z 3J4 Web MODULE REPAIR SERVICE During the transmitter s warranty period, repair of modules is performed at no charge to the customer. Once the warranty period has expired, module repairs will be invoiced based on material and labour costs. MODULE EXCHANGE SERVICE (North American Customers Only) North American customers can take advantage of Nautel s module exchange service. This service gives customers a fast and efficient solution in the event of a hardware problem. When a customer s transmitter experiences a failure, Nautel can send out a factory rebuilt module to replace the faulty module. Nautel s two locations, Canada and the United States, provide quick turn around times, keeping our customers on the air. During the transmitter s warranty period, exchange of modules is performed at no charge to the customer. Once the warranty has expired, the cost of a module exchange is only 40% of the list price for the module, provided the faulty module is returned to Nautel within 30 days and can be rebuilt; should the module not be returned an additional invoice for 40% of the list price will be issued. MODULE RETURN INSTRUCTIONS All equipment being returned to Nautel for repair or replacement should be marked with a Nautel provided RMA number and addressed to the appropriate Nautel facility. Complete and accurate information regarding the equipment will expedite shipment of replacement(s). Refer to the name plate on the transmitter and the appropriate module assembly and include with the shipment: Transmitter model number Transmitter serial number Module name Module serial number Return shipping address RETURN FACILITIES U.S.A. customers: RMA # Nautel Inc. Telephone: (207) x Target Industrial Circle Fax: (207) Bangor, Maine USA Canadian. customers: RMA # Nautel Limited. Telephone: (902) x 100 Attention: Field Return Fax: (902) Peggy s Cove Road Hackett's Cove, NS B3Z 3J4 Canada V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Jul.05.07

5 Safety Symbols General definitions of safety symbols used on equipment or in manuals. DANGER HIGH VOLTAGE Indicates dangerous voltages (in excess of 72 volts), capable of causing a fatal electrical shock, are present on or near parts bearing this label. GROUND (EARTH) Used with wiring terminals to indicate the terminal must be connected to earth ground before operating equipment. If power is supplied without grounding the equipment, there is a risk of receiving a severe or fatal electrical shock. Also used on electrical schematics to indicate a part that is connected to earth ground. GROUND (PROTECTIVE or SAFETY) Used with protective (safety) conductor terminals to indicate the terminal must be connected to ground before operating the equipment. If power is supplied without grounding the equipment, there is a risk of receiving a severe or fatal electrical shock. ELECTROSTATIC SENSITIVE Indicates a part or assembly is or contains devices that are electrostatic sensitive. To prevent damage to these devices, ensure the handling procedures outlined in this manual are observed. WARNING CAUTION A WARNING denotes a hazard. It identifies an operating procedure, condition, etc. which, if not strictly observed or adhered to, could result in injury or death to personnel. Throughout the technical manual, a WARNING shall immediately precede the text to which it applies. A CAUTION denotes a hazard. It identifies an operating procedure, condition, etc., which, if not strictly observed or adhered to, could result in damage to, or destruction of the equipment. Throughout the technical manual, a CAUTION shall immediately precede the text to which it applies. A denotes important information pertaining to an operating procedure, condition, statement, etc., which is essential to highlight. A may precede or follow the text to which it applies. V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Jul.05.07

6 Artificial Respiration (Mouth-to-Mouth) (a) START MOUTH-TO-MOUTH BREATHING IMMEDIATELY. SECONDS COUNT. Do not wait to loosen clothing, warm the casualty, or apply stimulants. 1 (b) ASSESS RESPONSIVENESS OF CASUALTY. Do not jar casualty or cause further physical injury (Figure 1) (c) IF POSSIBLE, SEND A BYSTANDER TO GET MEDICAL HELP. Do not leave casualty unattended (Figure 2) (d) CHECK CAROTID PULSE (Figure 3) 2 (e) LAY CASUALTY ON HIS/HER BACK and place any available jacket or blanket under his/her shoulders. (f) TILT THE HEAD BACK AND LIFT THE CHIN to open the airway (Figure 4) (g) PINCH CASUALTY S NOSE AND EXHALE TWO SLOW BREATHS INTO CASUALTY (Figure 5) 3 (h) REMOVE YOUR MOUTH and check for breathing (Figure 6) (i) CONTINUE GIVING ONE BREATH EVERY FIVE SECONDS without interruption. If any air is retained in the stomach after exhalation by casualty, press gently on stomach to expel air. (j) IF CHEST DOES NOT RISE, CHECK for obstruction in casualty s mouth: clear foreign material using your finger, tissues, etc. Use chin lift and recommence mouth-to-mouth breathing. (k) WHILE MOUTH-TO-MOUTH BREATHING IS CONTINUED have someone else: - Loosen casualty s clothing. - Keep the casualty warm. (l) DON T GIVE UP. Continue without interruption until the casualty is revived, or until a doctor pronounces the casualty dead. Four hours or more may be required. (m) DO NOT PROVIDE ANYTHING ORALLY while victim is unconscious V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Jul.05.07

7 General Rules for Treatment for Burns, Bleeding, and Shock 1. After casualty has revived, treat for injuries and shock. 2. Reassure casualty. 3. Try to make him comfortable. 4. Keep him reasonably warm but do not apply heat. 5. If thirsty, liquids may be given but no alcohol (no liquids should be given in cases of severe burns). 6. Treat burns or wounds. Danger of infection when treating burns or wounds is very great, so ensure hands are clean and do not handle affected areas more than necessary. 7. Do not apply salves, grease, etc. to burns. 8. Do not remove burned clothing that adheres to the skin or breaks blisters. 9. Cover the burn with a dry sterile dressing, piece of sheeting, etc. 10. Bandage lightly over blisters; care must be taken to cover and not to break the blisters. 11. If severe bleeding of wound, elevate affected area, except in the case of a fracture. 12. Expose wound and apply pressure. 13. Apply dressing, pad and bandage. 14. For burns and bleeding, immobilize injured part using splints, if necessary, and keep patient in restful position during removal to hospital or expert medical attention. 15. In all cases, send for medical aid immediately. V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Jul.05.07

8 Electric Shock - Rescue Methods Electricity can damage the body in a number of ways. It may interfere with the proper functioning of the nervous system and the heart action, it can subject the body to extreme heat and can cause severe muscular contractions. The path that the current of electricity takes through the body is important. Currents that pass from hand to hand or from hand to foot may pass directly through the heart and upset its normal functioning. This threat to life is related to the amount of current or amperage that will flow through a victim's body. Very little current (as little as 10 ma) can result in severe shock or death. Speed in the application of first aid measures is absolutely essential in cases of electrical injury. As soon as the victim is freed safely from the source of the electrical current, if breathing has stopped, artificial respiration should be commenced immediately. If the carotid pulse cannot be felt, external cardiac massage should be commenced simultaneously. Resuscitation should be continued until the patient is breathing on his own or until medical aid arrives. Survival rates can be quite high if cardiopulmonary resuscitation is started within 3 to 4 minutes of the injury being received. Act At Once - Delay or Indecision May Be Fatal 1. Turn OFF the electrical source. 2. Commence artificial respiration immediately. 3. Treat for burns, bleeding and shock. Removing a Casualty From Electrical Contact LOW VOLTAGE - 0 to 240 volts (household use) Switch off the current, if possible and time permits. If the switch cannot be located immediately and the supply is through a flexible cord or cable, the current may be shut off by removing the plug or even breaking the cable or wrenching free. Never attempt to shut off current by cutting cord with a knife or scissors. If the current cannot be shut off, the greatest care is necessary in removing the casualty. Household rubber gloves, rubber or plastic hose (if there is no water in them), a dry unpainted stick, or a clean dry rope can be used to free victim. HIGH VOLTAGE volts and up (industrial machines and power lines) Do not touch any person or equipment in contact with a wire. Use a dry, unpainted pole, clean dry rope, dry rubber, or plastic water hose to separate the casualty from the contact. Keep as far away as possible. Do not touch the casualty until the casualty is free. V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Jul.05.07

9 Toxic Hazard Warning There are devices used in this equipment containing beryllium oxide ceramic, which is nonhazardous during normal device operation and under normal device failure conditions. These devices are specifically identified in the equipment manual s parts list(s). DO NOT cut, crush or grind devices because the resulting dust may be HAZARDOUS IF INHALED. Unserviceable devices should be disposed of as harmful waste. V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Jul.05.07

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11 Contents Page 1 GENERAL INFORMATION 1.1 INTRODUCTION FACTORY SUPPORT PURPOSE OF MANUAL PURPOSE OF EQUIPMENT MECHANICAL DESCRIPTION TECHNICAL SUMMARY TEST EQUIPMENT GLOSSARY OF TERMS PREPARATION FOR USE AND INSTALLATION 2.1 INTRODUCTION PREPARATION FOR USE Transmitter Room Requirements Transmitter Dimensions Transmitter Weight Transmitter Clearances Air Flushing Cooling and Heating Work Area Ac Power Switch Lightning Protection Station Reference Ground Ac Power Source Ac Wiring Antenna Feed Cable Antenna/RF Output Disconnect Antenna Tower External Control/Monitor Wiring Electrical Power Voltage Stability Power Consumption External Ac Switching Antenna System RF Feed Cable RF Drive Source(s) Digital (IBOC) Operation External Interlocks Remote Control Circuits On/Off Control Main Exciter Selection Main IPA Selection Main IPA Power Supply Selection Main Fan Supply Selection Preset Power Level Selection 2-11 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Jul.05.07

12 Contents Page Power Level Adjust System Reset Serial Port RF Performance Monitoring RF Monitor Samples Forward Power Level Sample Reflected Power Level Sample Power Amplifier Volts Sample Exciter Forward Power Level Sample Intake Air Temperature Sample Exhaust Air Temperature Sample Total PA Current Sample Remote Alarm Indications Summary Alarm Battery/EEPROM Fail Alarm High Reflected Power Alarm Changeover Alarm PA/Module Fail Alarm Interlock Open Alarm IPA/RF Fail Alarm High Temperature Alarm Low RF Alarm Remote Status Indications Remote Control Status RF On Status Active Exciter Status Active IPA Status Active IPA Power Supply Status Active Fan Power Supply Status Preset Status Transmitter Ready Status Valid Data Status V Supply Parts Supplied by Nautel Parts Not Supplied by Nautel Test Equipment and Special Tools Available Options Analog/Hybrid/All-Digital Option Standby Exciter Option Standby IPA Option Standby LVPS and Fan Supply Option Output Connector Option Station Spares Kit Option Site Spares Kit Option Ac Power Surge Protector Panel Option Closed Ventilation Option NX-Link Ethernet Interface Option 2-16 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Jul.05.07

13 Contents Page 2.3 INSTALLATION Accepting the Shipment Unpacking Instructions Visual Inspection Determining Control/Monitor Requirements Installing External Control/Monitor Wiring Installing Ac Power Wiring Installing the Exciter and Connecting Inputs M50 Exciter(s) NE30 Exciter(s) Installing RF Feed Coaxial Cable Station Reference Ground COMMISSIONING PROCEDURES Precautions Turn-On Prerequisites Initial Turn-On Placing Transmitter On-Air OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 3.1 INTRODUCTION Precautions EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN Complete Shutdown Turn Off RF Output EXTERNAL SAFETY INTERLOCK ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE PROTECTION Discharging of Personnel Handling/Storage Tools/Test Equipment Stress Current Protection CONTROLS AND INDICATORS Front Panel Switching Power Supply Module Control/Display PWB Interconnect PWB Remote Interface PWB Power Module Interface PWB Miscellaneous DIAGNOSTIC DISPLAY Pushbutton Switches Main Screens Transmitter Status Bar View Faults Change Power, Frequency or Mode View RF Module Status and Fan Speed View Events Log 3-24 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Jul.05.07

14 Contents Page View Software Version Select Metered Parameters Set Real Time Clock Front Panel Metering/Setting Display Contrast Calibrate/Configure External Analog Samples Change Hardware Settings Calibrate HD PA and IPA Voltages Calibrate Front Panel Meter Calibrate Meters Enable/Disable Setup Mode Set PA Bias Levels Set Protection Threshold Levels System Configuration Save/Recall Factory Settings Set Main/Standby Operation TESTING AND ADJUSTMENT 4.1 INTRODUCTION OPERATING PRECAUTIONS FUNCTIONAL TESTS General Test Equipment Required Test Prerequisites Transmitter Turn-On Remote Control Checks Remote Control Prerequisites Remote On/Off Control Remote Selection of Active Exciter Remote Selection of Active IPA Module or PA Remote Selection of Active IPA Power Supply Remote Selection of Fan Power Supply Remote Power Level Controls Remote Power Trim Control Remote Reset Control Protection Circuit Checks External Interlock Exciter Auto Changeover Check IPA Auto Changeover Check IPA PS Auto Changeover Check Fan Supply Changeover Check Improving Reject Load Power NON-STANDARD ADJUSTMENT Changing Frequency Changing Ac Input Configuration 4-14 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Jul.05.07

15 Contents Page 5 SYSTEM LEVEL TROUBLESHOOTING 5.1 GENERAL SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE Cleaning the Transmitter Checking Hardware Battery Replacement CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE On-Air Troubleshooting Remote Troubleshooting Local Troubleshooting Off-Air Troubleshooting ELECTROSTATIC PROTECTION Discharging of Personnel Handling/Storage Tools/Test Equipment Stress Current Protection TROUBLESHOOTING FRONT PANEL ALARMS Exciter Alarm IPA Input Low Low RF Drive Exciter Output Load Fluctuation IPA Input High Exciter Communication Failure Check Exciter Exciter Fault Mode/Frequency Mismatch IPA/PA Alarm IPA Forward High IPA Forward Low IPA Match IPA Reflected High Module Failure A-H Module Offline High Module Temperature PA Failure Fan Failure Output Network Alarm High Reflected Power SWR Foldback SWR Shutback and Cutback Level SWR Shutdown High Forward Power & Forward Power Limiting Low Forward Power High Reject Load Power and Reject Power Foldback Reject Load Power Shutback Reject Load Power Shutdown 5-19 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Jul.05.07

16 Contents Page High Reject Load Temperature Combiner Top/Bottom Fan Fail Low Voltage Power Supply Alarm LVPS Fault Fan PS Fail and Replacement Ac Mains Alarm Low Ac Alarm Power Supply Alarm RF Power Module Power Supply Fail Backup Battery Low Alarm Changeover Alarm External Alarms Interlock Open Alarm Remote PWB Offline Alarm EEPROM Alarms FAN REMOVAL/REPLACEMENT RF Power Module Fan Combiner Fans OPERATION WITH DEFECTIVE OR MISSING POWER MODULES(S) RF Output Power vs Module Failure/Removal RF POWER MODULE FAULT ISOLATION REPLACING AN RF POWER MODULE RF Power Module Removal RF Power Module Installation IPA MODULE FAULT ISOLATION REPLACING AN IPA MODULE IPA Module Removal RF Power Module Modifications for IPA Operation IPA Module Installation REJECT LOAD MODULE FAULT Reject Load Module Removal Reject Load Module Installation RF DRIVE SPLITTER/CHANGEOVER FAULT RF Drive Splitter/Changeover Removal RF Drive Splitter/Changeover Installation IPA SPLITTER FAULT IPA Splitter Removal IPA Splitter Installation PRINTED WIRING BOARD (PWB) REPLACEMENT Control/Display PWB Replacement Remote Interface PWB Replacement Interconnect PWB Replacement Miscellaneous PWB Replacement COAXIAL CABLE REPLACEMENT LOW POWER OPERATION FOR ANTENNA MAINTENANCE 5-37 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Jul.05.07

17 Contents Page List of Tables 1-1 RF Output Power Ratings Recommended Site Test Equipment Glossary of Terms Cooling Requirements Input Power and `Current Carrying Capability Remote Control Connections Remote Monitor Connections Ac Power Connection Front Panel - System Diagram Controls and Indicators Front Panel - Control Section Controls and Indicators Switching Power Supply Module (PA/IPA) Controls and Indicators Control/Display PWB Controls and Indicators a Interconnect PWB Controls and Indicators b Interconnect PWB Transmitter Usage Remote Interface PWB Controls and Indicators Power Module Interface PWB Controls and Indicators External Analog Sample Outputs Improving Reject Load Power Scheduled Maintenance Checklist (Example) Troubleshooting Guide a V10 Output Power Level vs Module Failure/Removal b V7.5 Output Power Level vs Module Failure/Removal c V5 Output Power Level vs Module Failure/Removal d V3.5 Output Power Level vs Module Failure/Removal 5-27 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Jul.05.07

18 Contents Page List of Figures/Drawings 1-1 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 FM Broadcast Transmitter Transmitter Room Considerations Customer Interface Connections Ac Input Connection Options Single Ended Input Selected Differential Input Selected Removing Power Module Packing Bracket a External Input/Output Interface V10/V b External Input/Output Interface V5/V Dimensional Information V10/V Dimensional Information V5/V Transmitter Front Panel (Primary User Interface) Transmitter Front Panel - System Diagram Section Transmitter Front Panel - Control Section Switching Power Supply Module Front Panel Control/Display PWB A43 Partial View Interconnect PWBs Remote Interface PWB A Power Module Interface PWB Diagnostic Display Main Screen Diagnostic Display Main Menu Screen Flow Diagram Diagnostic Display Menu Functions Optionally Duplicated Modules 4-3 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Jul.05.07

19 Release Control Record Issue Date Reason May 2006 V10/V5 Release 3 (NARF44/NARF45) September 2006 Incorporated Customer Service feedback October 2006 Added V7.5 and V3.5 information Moved packing bracket removal procedure to section 2 (from section 5) March 2007 Incorporated Customer Service feedback May 2007 Software release update July 2007 Para : Added exciter output power requirements V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Jul.05.07

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21 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 INSTALLATION AND OPERATION MANUAL Section 1 GENERAL INFORMATION 1.1 INTRODUCTION The V10, V7.5, V5 or V3.5 is a totally solid state, VHF, frequency modulated, broadcast transmitter. The transmitter contains: RF power modules: 8 for V10, 6 for V7.5, 4 for V5, 3 for V3.5 IPA modules: 1 or 2 (user specified) for V10/V7.5, 1 (single or dual PA) for V5/V3.5 Low voltage power supplies (LVPS): 1 or 2 (user specified) Fan supplies: 1 or 2 (user specified) a switching power supply for each IPA and RF power module The transmitter can operate with active and reserve exciters, IPA (modules for V10/V7.5, PAs for V5/V3.5), IPA power supplies and fan power supplies. Exciters may be installed in the transmitter or externally mounted. The transmitter is broadband and can operate at any frequency in the FM broadcast band, into a nominal 50 Ω, unbalanced transmission line. Table 1-1 shows continuous power capabilities for all modes of operation. Remote control interfacing is a standard feature. 1.2 FACTORY SUPPORT Nautel provides after sales factory support. Technical assistance is available 24 hours a day, seven days a week. A factory service facility for repair of modules/assemblies is also available. Refer to the Factory Support section of the Warranty pages at the front of this manual for additional information. 1.3 PURPOSE OF MANUAL This Installation and Operation Manual provides the information required for installation, general operation and system level troubleshooting (to the module level) the transmitter. The Repair Manual, also supplied, provides more in-depth, component level maintenance information. 1.4 PURPOSE OF EQUIPMENT The V10, V7.5, V5 or V3.5 is intended for use in FM, hybrid (FM+HD mode) and alldigital (HD mode) broadcasting stations. Remote control facilities are incorporated to allow unattended operation from a remotely located station studio. 1.5 MECHANICAL DESCRIPTION All modules and assemblies are housed in a single cabinet (see Figure 1-1). The V10/V7.5 is 184 cm (72.5 inches) high, 81.3 cm (32 inches) wide, and 87.6 cm (34.5 inches) deep. The V5/V3.5 is 184 cm (72.5 inches) high, 58.4 cm (23 inches) wide, and 87.6 cm (34.5 inches) deep. Each exciter section measures 48.3 cm (19 inches) wide and 13.3 cm (3U or 5.25 inches) high. The front panel of the control/ display section has a diagnostic display monitor. All diagnostics and adjustments can be made from this monitor. Ac power interconnection is made at the rear of the transmitter and user interface connections are made at the front of the transmitter. 1.6 TECHNICAL SUMMARY An equipment brochure containing a technical summary and description of features is provided with this manual. V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 General Information Issue 3.5

22 Table 1-1: RF Output Power Ratings Mode V10 Power (W) V7.5 Power (W) Analog (FM) 11,000 (max.) 8,300 (max.) 10,000 (rated) 7,500 (rated) 200 (min.) 200 (min.) Hybrid (FM+HD) All-Digital (HD) 8,000 (max.) 7,300 (rated) 1,000 (min.) 3,000 (max.) 2,800 (rated) 500 (min.) 6,000 (max.) 5,480 (rated) 750 (min.) 2,250 (max.) 2,100 (rated) 380 (min.) V5 Power (W) 5,500 (max.) 5,000 (rated) 100 (min.) 4,000 (max.) 3,650 (rated) 500 (min.) 1,500 (max.) 1,400 (rated) 250 (min.) V3.5 Power (W) 4,150 (max.) 3,750 (rated) 100 (min.) 3,000 (max.) 2,740 (rated) 380 (min.) 1,130 (max.) 1,050 (rated) 190 (min.) 1.7 TEST EQUIPMENT Table 1-2 lists the test equipment and special tools required to operate and maintain the transmitter. 1.8 GLOSSARY OF TERMS Table 1-3 provides a list of unique terms, abbreviations, and acronyms used in this publication. Figure 1-1: V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 FM Broadcast Transmitter Page 1-2 Issue 3.5 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Section 1 General Information

23 Table 1-2: Recommended Site Test Equipment NOMENCLATURE PART/MODEL NUMBER OR TYPE (EQUIVALENTS MAY BE USED) Dummy Load 50 Ω APPLICATION 'Off-air' testing Digital Multimeter Minimum power rating of 15,000 W (V10), 10,000 W (V7.5), 7,500 W (V5) or 5,000 W (V3.5) VSWR 1.1 ( MHz) 3 1/2 digit, ac and dc volts (10 MΩ input), ohms and amps, ±0.5% accuracy, Fluke 179 or equivalent Testing and maintenance Oscilloscope Tektronix Model TDS2022 Testing and maintenance Modulation Monitor Belar Model FMM-2 or equivalent Modulation level setup and performance monitoring Spectrum Analyzer HP4396B or equivalent Hybrid/All-Digital mode output spectrum testing Audio Signal Generator Distortion Analyzer 10 Hz to 20 khz, 600 Ω, 0 to +15 dbm Audio Precision SYS-2 or equivalent 20 Hz to 20 khz Audio Precision SYS-2 or equivalent Simulates modulating audio during testing and maintenance Measures audio distortion during testing and maintenance Dc Power Supply (Variable) 0 30 V, 1 A Testing and maintenance Torque Screw Driver (Phillips head) Hex Wrench (Allen Key) Capable of torquing to six inch-pounds (0.672 Newton-Meters) 3/16 inch Capable of torquing to 120 in-lbs (Nautel Part # HY80 in ancillary kit) Installing power amplifier pallets or reject load resistors Terminating wires on ac terminal block V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Page 1-3 Section 1 General Information Issue 3.5

24 Table 1-3: Glossary of Terms TERM DESCRIPTION ADC Analog to Digital Converter DAB DAC GUI EEPROM IBOC Intermediate Power Amplifier (IPA) LCD LED Low Voltage Power Supply (LVPS) LPF PS PWB (PCB) RTC SRAM Switching Power Supply (SPS) UART Digital Audio Broadcast. Refers to any mode of digital operation. Digital to Analog Converter Graphic User Interface. Also referred to as diagnostic display throughout this manual. Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory In-Band On-Channel. An approach to deliver new digital services simultaneously with the existing analog broadcast. Refers to a module within the transmitter which amplifies the exciter s RF output to a level sufficient to drive the final RF amplifiers. Liquid Crystal Display Light Emitting Diode (also referred to as lamp) Refers to a module within the transmitter which provides all of the necessary rail/supply voltages except for the fan voltage supply. Low Pass Filter Power Supply Printed Wiring (Circuit) Board Real Time Clock Static Random Access Memory Refers to a module within the transmitter which supplies voltage to an RF power module. Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter Page 1-4 Issue 3.5 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Section 1 General Information

25 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 INSTALLATION AND OPERATION MANUAL Section 2 PREPARATION FOR USE AND INSTALLATION 2.1 INTRODUCTION This section contains pre-installation and installation information for the transmitter. Failure to comply with instructions in this section may void the manufacturer s warranty. Please review Nautel s warranty terms for more information. 2.2 PREPARATION FOR USE Prepare the site to receive the transmitter prior to its delivery and/or installation. Consider the following when preparing new sites and use it as the evaluating criteria at existing sites. Nautel recommends that you incorporate all requirements to ensure optimum reliability and performance. Frequent reference is made to connectors and terminal blocks on the remote interface PWB. This PWB is located at the front of the transmitter behind the silkscreened front panel Transmitter Room Requirements Address the following criteria when finalizing the transmitter site Transmitter Dimensions Refer to Figure 2-8 (V10/V7.5) or 2-9 (V5/V3.5) for transmitter dimensions. Dimensions identify room entry and floor space requirements and will assist in determining cable lengths and routing Transmitter Weight Refer to Figure 2-1 for transmitter weight. Sufficient manpower or lifting apparatus is required to move the transmitter Transmitter Clearances Refer to Figure 2-1 for recommended transmitter clearances, noting that the V10/V7.5 cabinet is larger than the V5/V3.5 cabinet Air Flushing Fans at the rear of each RF power module and at the front of each switching power supply module draw cooling air through a filter in the rear of the transmitter. Cooling air exhausts through openings in the front and top of the transmitter. Open Ventilation: Air from the RF power modules exhausts at the top front and air from the switching power supply modules exhausts at the bottom of the front door. An air exchange rate of 1007 CFM (V10), 864 CFM (V7.5), 490 CFM (V5) or 431 CFM (V3.5) achieves acceptable intake/ exhaust temperature rise. Closed Ventilation: Air is drawn through the transmitter by first entering via the top of an extension rack at the rear, then exhausting through the top of an extension rack at the front. The static pressure in the exhaust duct must be slightly negative. The static pressure at the rear of the transmitter must be neutral or slightly positive Cooling and Heating Refer to Figure 2-1 for transmitter room ambient air temperature limitations. Refer to Table 2-1 for cooling requirements. Ensure adequate cooling and/or heating systems are in place to maintain appropriate ambient air temperature. V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Page 2-1 Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation Issue 3.5

26 Table 2-1: Cooling Requirements Transmitter V10 V7.5 V5 V3.5 Mode of Operation Rated Power (W) Waste Heat (W) Btu/hr (x 1000) Air Conditioning Required In A Closed System (Tonnes) FM 10,000 5, FM+HD 7,300 7, HD 2,800 6, FM 7,500 4, FM+HD 5,480 5, HD 2,100 4, FM 5,000 2, FM+HD 3,650 3, HD 1,400 3, FM 3,750 2, FM+HD 2,740 2, HD 1,050 2, Work Area Nautel recommends that a suitable work area with an adequate table surface be provided near the transmitter to permit bench adjustment and repair of modules. Static precautions must be observed Ac Power Switch An ac power switching assembly should be wall mounted in close proximity to the transmitter Lightning Protection Extremely high voltage and current transients are produced when a lightning strike occurs. These transients, which are usually the most significant hazard to any solid state transmitter, may be passed to the transmitter through the wiring connecting the transmitter to the power source and the antenna system. All practical precautions should be taken to protect the transmitter from this phenomenon. Refer to the Lightning Protection section of Nautel s Recommendations for Transmitter Site Preparation booklet for specific protection techniques. Installing Nautel s surge protection panel is highly recommended. The following requirements are considered to be essential and failure to follow the site layout requirements may void the transmitter warranty Station Reference Ground The site must contain a station reference ground, as defined in Nautel s Recommendations for Transmitter Site Preparation booklet. This ground must provide a continuous, low impedance path to the earth. The transmitter cabinet's designated reference ground point, the shield of the coaxial feed cable, and the ground connection of the power source's surge protection devices must be connected directly to the station reference ground using, as a minimum, 100 mm (4 inch) copper strap Ac Power Source All conductors from the ac power source should be protected by bi-directional surge protection devices that are connected between each conductor and the station reference ground. In addition, the conductors, as a group, should pass through a ferrite toroid. The inductance formed by this toroid is transparent to the ac voltages, but presents impedance to transients originating in the power source. Four toroids (Nautel Part # LP23) are provided in the ancillary kit. A surge protector panel, containing suitably rated varistors, is available from Nautel for this purpose. If used, the surge protector panel should be installed in close proximity to the station reference ground. The following paragraphs discuss customer required connections to the transmitter. Figure 2-2 is provided as an aid for various customer interface connections and should be referenced while planning and installing these connections. Page 2-2 Issue 3.5 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation

27 TEMPERATURE 0 C TO 50 C ** ** MAXIMUM OPERATING TEMPERATURE AT SEA LEVEL (0 m) DERATE 3 C PER 500 m (or 2 C PER 1,000 ft) ABOVE SEA LEVEL EXAMPLE: AT 1,600 m (1 mile) ABOVE SEA LEVEL, MAXIMUM AMBIENT TEMPERATURE SHOULD NOT EXCEED 40.4 C WEIGHT V10 V7.5 V5 V3.5 CRATED TRANSMITTER 345 kg 337 kg 265 kg 257 kg (761 lbs) (741 lbs) (585 lbs) (565 lbs) UNCRATED, ASSEMBLED 263 kg 254 kg 205 kg 195 kg (580 lbs) (560 lbs) (450 lbs) (430 lbs) : UNCRATED WEIGHTS INCLUDE ALL OPTIONAL ASSEMBLIES ALTITUDE 0 TO 3,000 m (10,000 ft) MINIMUM 1.2 m (4 ft) MINIMUM 0.6 m (2 ft) ALLOW MINIMUM 0.6 m (2 ft) ON LEFT- HAND SIDE TO OPEN FRONT DOOR MINIMUM 1.2 m (4 ft) No Right-Side Clearance Required Figure 2-1: Transmitter Room Considerations V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Page 2-3 Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation Issue 3.5

28 NX-LINK U15 FERRITE TOROIDS J4 J6 TB1 J1 J2 TB2 J8 TB3 TB4 J9 E1 V10/V7.5 SHOWN FOR REFERENCE (see Figure 2-3 for connection options) Figure 2-2: Customer Interface Connections Page 2-4 Issue 3.5 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation

29 E2 (Line B) E1 (Line A) THREE-PHASE (3φ) ( V ac) Typically: North American, Japan 208 V (3φ, L-L) E3 (Line C) E1 (Line A) E2 (Line B) E4 (Neutral) THREE-PHASE (3φ) ( V ac) E3 (Line C) Typically: India, Europe, New Zealand, Israel, Australia V (3φ wye, L-L), V L-N E1 (Line A) E2 (Line B/ Neutral) SINGLE-PHASE (1φ) ( V ac) L-L or L-N Figure 2-3: Ac Input Connection Options V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Page 2-5 Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation Issue 3.5

30 Ac Wiring For most applications, Nautel recommends using 2 AWG ac wiring (for 1-phase V10s, Nautel recommends using 1 AWG). If smaller wiring is preferred, refer to Table 2-2 to determine the maximum phase current and suggested wire size for your transmitter. Consider all possible modes of operation. Observe local electrical codes when sizing cables. The ac power source usually presents the lowest impedance path to ground potential for a lightning strike and will normally carry most of the lightning induced current away from the transmitter site. When lightning hits the power source, a significant amount of induced current may flow towards the transmitter. Current should be routed around the transmitter, instead of through it, to the best ground available Antenna Feed Cable The shield of the antenna feed coaxial cable should be connected directly to the station reference ground where it enters the building. In addition, the centre conductor and the shield of the feed cable should pass through a ferrite toroid that is between the shield ground at the building entrance and the shield termination at the transmitter reference ground. This toroid is transparent to the RF signal, but presents impedance to transients originating at the antenna. The transmitter ancillary kit includes four 85.7 mm diameter toroids (Nautel Part # LP23) Antenna/RF Output Disconnect Incorporate a switching circuit into the RF feed/antenna design, which disconnects the antenna from the transmitter's RF output when the transmitter is turned off. This switching circuit will prevent lightninginduced transients from damaging the transmitter s solid-state devices Antenna Tower The antenna tower is the most likely target for lightning strikes. It is imperative that it contains lightning protection devices as the first line of defense against lightning strikes External Control/Monitor Wiring All external control/monitoring wiring that may be subject to lightning induced transients, should be interfaced to the station reference ground by surge protection devices at the point of building entry. All conductors and their shields should pass through a ferrite toroid that is positioned between its surge protection device and the transmitter. This toroid is transparent to control/monitor signals, but presents impedance to lightning induced transients. There are three toroids installed above the remote interface PWB (see Figure 2-2). The transmitter ancillary kit also includes four 38 mm diameter toroids (Nautel Part # LXP38) Electrical Power The transmitter is factory configured to operate from a 50/60 Hz, three-phase ac power source between 180 and 264 V ac or between 312 and 457 V ac or from a 50/60 Hz, single-phase ac power source between 180 and 264 V ac. The ac power source and associated switching components and wiring must meet all of the following requirements: Voltage Stability The ac power source s nominal voltage must be maintained within the specified voltage range under all loading conditions. The transmitter contains circuitry that maintains the RF output at the pre-set carrier level for voltage variations within this range. Page 2-6 Issue 3.5 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation

31 Table 2-2: Input Power and Current Handling Capability Transmitter Ac Supply Mode Input Power (kva) Maximum Phase Current (A) Suggested Wire Size (AWG) Suggested Breaker Rating, Vendor # V10 V7.5 V5 V3.5 3φ φ Wye φ φ φ Wye φ φ φ Wye φ φ φ Wye φ FM FM+HD HD FM FM+HD HD FM FM+HD HD FM FM+HD HD FM FM+HD HD FM FM+HD HD FM FM+HD HD FM FM+HD HD FM FM+HD HD FM FM+HD HD FM FM+HD HD FM FM+HD HD A, ABB Control Inc. S3N100TW 100 A, ABB Control Inc. S3N100TW 125 A, ABB Control Inc. S3N125TW 75 A, ABB Control Inc. S3N080TW 75 A, ABB Control Inc. S3N080TW 100 A, ABB Control Inc. S3N100TW 50 A, ABB Control Inc. S3N050TW 50 A, ABB Control Inc. S3N050TW 75 A, ABB Control Inc. S3N080TW 40 A, ABB Control Inc. S3N040TW 40 A, ABB Control Inc. S3N040TW 50 A, ABB Control Inc. S3N050TW Power and current values are based on worst-case parameters (maximum RF output power, minimum ac voltage). Maximum inrush current (per phase) is approximately three times the maximum phase current. Observe local electrical codes when determining wire size and circuit breakers. Suggested wire sizes and breaker ratings based on maximum phase current for FM mode (25% over-capacity included). V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Page 2-7 Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation Issue 3.5

32 Power Consumption Power consumption varies depending on the transmitter s mode of operation (analog/hybrid/all-digital). If the transmitter configuration is a dedicated analog, hybrid, or all-digital transmitter, use Table 2-2 to determine the actual input power requirements. If the transmitter configuration is variable (between all modes), use the analog (FM mode) power source capacity information. Nautel recommends using the highest current values (FM mode) when determining wire ratings. Nautel recommends the ac power source have a 25% over-capacity to ensure adequate regulation External Ac Switching All current carrying conductors from the ac power source must be controlled by an external switching box located in close proximity to the transmitter. This switch box should be clearly marked TRANSMITTER EMERGENCY ON/OFF SWITCH. See Table 2-2 for current ratings and suggestions that should aid in selecting a circuit breaker and associated input wiring Antenna System The antenna system must present 50 ± j0 Ω impedance at the carrier frequency. The transmitter will function while operating into a maximum VSWR of 1.5:1, but overall system performance will be degraded. Circuitry within the transmitter will prevent damage to the transmitter from high VSWR loads RF Feed Cable The RF feed cable interconnecting the transmitter and the antenna system should be a suitably rated coaxial cable. As a standard, the RF output is configured to accept a non-gas type 3-1/8 inch (V10/V7.5) or 1-5/8 inch (V5/V3.5) EIA flange (male) connection (appropriate male inner connector not provided with the transmitter). Optional EIA connections are available (see below): V10/V7.5: 7/8 or 1-5/8 inch also available V5/V3.5: 7/8 or 3-1/8 inch also available RF Drive Source(s) The RF drive source type and power level depends on the transmitter s operational mode (all-digital/hybrid/analog). An exciter (or dual exciters) provides an IBOC (phase modulated OFDM) signal and/or an FM carrier in the 87.5 to 108 MHz band. The exciter s output power should be 20 W (10 W) for analog configured V10/V7.5 (V5/V3.5) transmitters or 10 W (5 W) for digitally configured V10/V7.5 (V5/V3.5) transmitters operating in analog mode. The transmitter cabinet accepts one or two Nautel FM exciters. Each exciter must have an external on/off interlock or RF mute capability. The transmitter provides a set of form C contacts on the remote interface PWB (A44) for each exciter s RF mute control. Exciter A s contacts are between TB2-1 and TB2-3 (N/C) or TB2-2 and TB2-3 (N/O). Exciter B s contacts are between TB2-4 and TB2-6 (N/C) or TB2-5 and TB2-6 (N/O). If the exciter needs an open on its interlock terminals to not be muted, connect to N/O (normal operation is open). If the exciter needs a short on its interlock terminals to not be muted, connect to N/C (normal operation is closed) Digital (IBOC) Operation For IBOC operation, the exciter uses Exgine technology. An exporter provides the digital component directly to the exciter via an Ethernet connection; the transmitter requires no additional connection. Page 2-8 Issue 3.5 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation

33 External Interlocks The external electrical interlock circuit is connected between XMTR INTLK terminals TB1-1 and TB1-2 of the remote interface PWB (A44). It must present a short circuit (low impedance) between the terminals when the interlock circuit is intact and it is safe to enable the RF output. It must present an open circuit when any interlock switch is activated and the RF output requires inhibition. Any number of serial interlock switches may be installed Remote Control Circuits The transmitter control/monitoring functions can be facilitated by means of a conventional remote control interface or serial port (using the NxLink module), all available via connection to the remote interface PWB (A44). See paragraph for a description of the serial port features. Remote control inputs are polled (sampled) every 100 ms. Ensure the active pulse duration is a minimum of 100 ms. The on/off status, active (A/B) exciter/ IPA/IPA PS/Fan PS, active power preset (1-6), RF power level, and system reset can be controlled remotely by switching circuits. Unless noted, all remote interfacing is done via the remote interface PWB (A44). External control circuits are interfaced to the transmitter through opto-couplers on the remote interface PWB. The optocouplers buffer/isolate the external circuits and prevent unwanted transients from affecting transmitter operation. These opto-couplers only have influence when Remote control is selected. All external input/output interface connections are shown in Figure 2-7a (V10/V7.5) or 2-7b (V5/V3.5). The remote interface PWB contains circuits that allow the user to select an internal (single ended input) or external (differential input) dc power supply as the current source for the optocoupler associated with each controlled function. The switching circuit for each remotely controlled function must be the equivalent of a normally open/held closed, springloaded (momentary) switch. Each must be configured to operate as a single ended input using the transmitter's regulated 15 V as the dc volts source (see Figure 2-4), or as a differential input using an external dc power supply (5 V to 30 V) as the dc volts source (see Figure 2-5). Each control function has positive and negative input terminals on the remote interface PWB to accommodate the selected configuration. S V3 +15V REMOTE INTERFACE 3 PWB E# 1 2 REMOTE SELECTION CIRCUITRY CONFIGURED FOR INTERNAL DC VOLTS Figure 2-4 Single Ended Input Selected Single Ended Input (Internal V dc) When the transmitter's regulated +15 V is used as the current source for a control function's opto-coupler, its circuit on the remote interface PWB must be configured for a single ended input. The 3-pin header associated with the control function must have its 2-socket shunt post connected as depicted in Figure 2-4, noting pins 2 and 3 of the header are shorted by the shunt post. A negative logic command (active state is a current-sink-to-ground) must be applied to the control's negative (-) input pin. The active command should be of sufficient duration (minimum 100 ms) to ensure being sampled. See Table 2-3 or Figure 2-7a (V10/V7.5) or 2-7b (V5/V3.5) for dc return (ground) locations. V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Page 2-9 Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation Issue 3.5

34 EXTERNAL DC PWR SUPPLY (+5V TO +30V) S V V REMOTE INTERFACE 3 PWB E# 1 2 REMOTE SELECTION CIRCUITRY CONFIGURED FOR EXTERNAL DC VOLTS Figure 2-5 Differential Input Selected Differential Input (External V dc) When an external dc voltage (5-30 V) is used as the current source for a control function s opto-coupler, the control function's external switching circuit and the remote interface PWBs selection circuitry must be configured for differential input. The 3-pin header associated with the control function must have its 2-socket shunt post connected as depicted in Figure 2-5, noting pins 1 and 2 of the header are shorted by the shunt post. The normally open/held closed switch may be located between the dc voltage's negative output and the negative (-) input pin (negative logic) or between its positive output and the positive (+) input pin (positive logic). The active command should be of sufficient duration (minimum 100 ms) to ensure being sampled On/Off Control The remote on/off circuitry controls the on/off status of the RF power stage. It comprises an on circuit (TB4-2/3) and an off circuit (TB4-4/5) Main Exciter Selection The main exciter selection circuit selects which exciter is enabled as the main exciter. It comprises an A (TB3-2/3) and a B (TB3-4/5) circuit Main IPA Selection The main IPA selection circuit selects which IPA (module for V10, PA for V5) is enabled as the main IPA. It comprises an A (TB3-7/8) and a B (TB3-9/10) circuit. Table 2-3: Remote Control Connections (TB3, TB4, J4 or J6 of remote interface PWB) Remote Control SGL/DIFF Jumper Terminal/ Pin + / - Exciter 'A' Select E2 TB3-2/3 Exciter 'B' Select E1 TB3-4/5 IPA 'A' Select E9 TB3-7/8 IPA 'B' Select E8 TB3-9/10 Reset E20 TB3-11/12 RF On E11 TB4-2/3 RF Off E10 TB4-4/5 Power Increase E16 TB4-7/8 Power Decrease E17 TB4-9/10 Preset 1 Select E3 J4-2/3 Preset 2 Select E4 J4-4/5 Preset 3 Select E15 J4-6/7 Preset 4 Select E14 J4-8/9 Preset 5 Select E13 J4-10/11 Preset 6 Select E12 J4-12/13 Fan Supply A Select E7 J4-29/30 Fan Supply B Select E6 J4-31/32 **IPA PS A Select E21 J6-27/28 **IPA PS B Select E18 J6-29/30 ** Used in V5/V3.5 transmitters only For V10/V7.5 transmitters, this circuit simultaneously selects the main IPA module and its associated IPA power supply. For V5/V3.5 transmitters, a separate remote control is available to select the main IPA power supply (see ). For V10/V7.5 transmitters, the remote selection of the active IPA module is ganged together with the remote selection of the active IPA power supply. For V5/V3.5 transmitters, the remote selection of the active IPA PA is independent from the remote selection of the active IPA power supply. Page 2-10 Issue 3.5 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation

35 Main IPA Power Supply Selection (For V5/V3.5 transmitters only) The main IPA power supply selection circuit selects which IPA power supply is enabled as the main IPA power supply. It comprises an A (J6-27/28) and a B (J6-29/30) circuit. This function is ganged together with the main IPA selection ( ) Main Fan Supply Selection The main fan supply selection circuit selects which fan supply is enabled as the main fan supply. It comprises an A (J4-29/30) and a B (J4-31/32) circuit Preset Power Level Selection The power level selection circuit selects one of six preset RF power levels/modes. It has six switching circuits [Preset 1 (J4-2/3), Preset 2 (J4-4/5), Preset 3 (J4-6/7), Preset 4 (J4-8/9), Preset 5 (J4-10/11) and Preset 6 (J4-12/13)] Power Level Adjust The power level adjust circuit controls the RF output level in an increasing or decreasing direction when the appropriate input is applied and removed. The circuit comprises an increase (TB4-7/8) and a decrease (TB4-9/10) circuit. The size of the change depends on the operating mode and the duration of application time. In analog (FM) mode, a temporary (pulse) application causes a 100 W (V10/V7.5) or 50 W (V5/V3.5) change. A three-second or longer application causes a 1,000 W (V10/V7.5) or 500 W (V5/V3.5) change. In hybrid (FM+HD) or all-digital (HD) mode, a temporary (pulse) application causes a 1% change based on the transmitter s rated power level [for FM+HD mode, 75 W (V10), 55 W (V7.5), 37 W (V5) or 27 W (V3.5); for HD mode, 30 W (V10), 20 W (V7.5), 15 W (V5) or 10 W (V3.5)]. A three-second or longer application causes a 10% change [for FM+HD mode, 750 W (V10), 550 W (V7.5), 370 W (V5) or 270 W (V3.5); for HD mode, 300 W (V10), 200 W (V7.5), 150 W (V5) or 100 W (V3.5)] System Reset The remote reset circuit (TB3-11/12) resets any alarm circuit that is or was latched in its alarm state Serial Port The transmitter s remote interface PWB (A44) has an RS232 serial interface port (9-pin D-sub connector J8) to allow remote control and interrogation of the transmitter s operational status. A remote protocol specification is available from Nautel. The application must be written by the end user based on protocol. If the optional NxLink Ethernet interface module is used (see ), A44J8 is linked to Port 1 of the NxLink module and the NxLink module is used as the remote interface RF Performance Monitoring The transmitter provides outputs to monitor RF performance. They include dc voltages representative of the forward and reflected power levels, dc voltage applied to the RF amplifiers, exciter forward power, intake and exhaust air temperature and total PA current. These outputs are available on the remote interface PWB. In addition, RF samples of the RF output and the active IPA output(s) are available for external monitoring. Unless otherwise noted, all remote interfacing is made to the remote interface PWB (A44). V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Page 2-11 Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation Issue 3.5

36 RF Monitor Samples A true sample of the RF output voltage is provided on the RF power probe assembly s (A42) RF MONITOR BNC connector (J3) at the output of the transmitter. This output should be applied to a modulation monitor with 50 Ω input impedance. It may also be monitored by an oscilloscope during maintenance procedures. Nominal levels (for rated power) are as follows: Transmitter, Mode, Power RF Monitor V10, FM, 10,000 W 2.5 V V10, FM+HD, 7,300 W 2.2 V V10, HD, 2,800 W 2.2 V V7.5, FM, 7,500 W 2.2 V V7.5, FM+HD, 5,480 W 1.9 V V7.5, HD, 2,100 W 1.9 V V5, FM, 5,000 W 1.7 V V5, FM+HD, 3,650 W 1.6 V V5, HD, 1,400 W 1.6 V V3.5, FM, 3,750 W 1.5 V V3.5, FM+HD, 2,740 W 1.4 V V3.5, HD, 1,050 W 1.4 V True samples of the IPA amplifier(s) output voltage are provided on the IPA splitter s (A21 and A22, if applicable) IPA RF MONITOR BNC connector (J3) at the rear of the transmitter. These outputs should be applied to a modulation monitor with 50 Ω input impedance. Nominal levels (based on required IPA power) are as follows: Transmitter, Mode, Power IPA Monitor V10, FM, 10,000 W (250 W IPA) 1.0 V V10, FM+HD, 7,300 W 0.4 V V10, HD, 2,800 W 0.4 V V7.5, FM, 7,500 W (250 W IPA) 1.0 V V7.5, FM+HD, 5,480 W 0.4 V V7.5, HD, 2,100 W 0.4 V V5, FM, 5,000 W (250 W IPA) 1.0 V V5, FM+HD, 3,650 W 0.2 V V5, HD, 1,400 W 0.3 V V3.5, FM, 3,750 W (250 W IPA) 1.0 V V3.5, FM+HD, 2,740 W 0.2 V V3.5, HD, 1,050 W 0.3 V Table 2-4: Remote Monitor Connections (TB1, J4 or J6 of remote interface PWB) Remote Alarm, Status or Sample Summary Alarm Interlock Open Alarm Low Battery/Memory Fail Low RF Alarm Changeover Alarm PA Fail Alarm High Reflected Power Alarm High Temperature Alarm Transmitter Ready RF On Status Exciter Status IPA Status Terminal or Pin TB1-4 TB1-5 TB1-6 TB1-7 TB1-8 TB1-9 TB1-10 TB1-11 TB1-13 TB1-14 TB1-15 TB V dc supply TB1-18 Forward Power Sample Reflected Power Sample Ground TB1-20 TB1-21 Preset 1 Status J4-15 Preset 2 Status J4-16 Preset 3 Status J4-17 Preset 4 Status J4-18 Preset 5 Status J4-19 Preset 6 Status J4-20 Remote Status J4-22 IPA Power Supply Status J4-23 Fan Supply Status J4-24 Valid Data Status J4-26 Ground Ac Fault Alarm J6-1 Power Supply Fail Alarm J6-2 IPA/RF Fail Alarm J6-3 PA Voltage Sample J6-9 Exciter Forward Pwr Sample J6-10 Intake Air Temp Sample J6-11 Exhaust Air Temp Sample J6-12 Total PA Current Sample J6-21 Ground TB1-3,12,17,19 J4-1,14,21,33,34,35 J6-7,8,13,14,20,33 Page 2-12 Issue 3.5 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation

37 The remote monitoring samples in through are op-amp buffered outputs from an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The dc voltage of each output sample varies linearly with the parameter being monitored. The maximum sample voltage is representative of the parameter s full-scale value (e.g., 12,000 W for V10 forward power; 9,000 W for V7.5 forward power; 6,000 W for V5 forward power; 4,500 W for V3.5 forward power). This full-scale voltage can be scaled (between 0 and 5 V), using the front panel s GUI, to suit a particular requirement. Each monitoring circuit s impedance must be greater than 1,000 Ω. There are also five user-configurable sample outputs (Sample Out 8 through Sample Out 12), which can be used to monitor any metered parameter on the GUI (see ) Forward Power Level Sample (Sample Out 1) The dc voltage on TB1-20 is full-scale when the forward power is 12,000 W (V10), 9,000 W (V7.5), 6,000 W (V5) or 4,500 W (V3.5) Reflected Power Level Sample (Sample Out 2) The dc voltage on TB1-21 is full-scale when the reflected power is 1,200 W (V10), 900 W (V7.5), 600 W (V5) or 450 W (V3.5) Power Amplifier Volts Sample (Sample Out 3) The dc voltage on J6-9 is full-scale when the PA voltage is 60 V Exciter Forward Power Level Sample (Sample Out 4) The dc voltage on J6-10 is full-scale when the exciter forward power is 50 W Intake Air Temperature Sample (Sample Out 5) The dc voltage on J6-11 is full-scale when the intake air temperature is 90 C Exhaust Air Temperature Sample (Sample Out 6) The dc voltage on J6-12 is full-scale when the exhaust air temperature is 90 C Total PA Current Sample (Sample Out 7) The dc voltage on J6-21 is full-scale when the total power amplifier current is 360 A (V10), 270 A (V7.5), 180 A (V5) or 135 A (V3.5) Remote Alarm Indications Outputs are available on the remote interface PWB (A44) [see Table 2-4 or Figure 2-7a (V10/V7.5) or 2-7b (V5/V3.5) for pin assignment] that indicate when stress thresholds for critical parameters are exceeded. A switching device for each alarm output provides a current-sink-to-ground when an alarm occurs. The switching circuit provides an open collector during normal operation and has no influence on the external monitoring circuit. Each circuit must present impedance between the switching device and a dc voltage source that limits current to 50 ma. +15V is available at TB1-18 of the remote interface PWB. If an external dc power source is used, it must not exceed +24 V. Its return must be connected to a GND terminal [see Figure 2-7a (V10/V7.5) or 2-7b (V5/V3.5)] on the remote interface PWB. Unless otherwise noted, all remote interfacing is made to the remote interface PWB Summary Alarm An alarm output that indicates any alarm is occurring is available on TB1-4 (SMY ALARM) Battery/Memory Fail Alarm An alarm output that indicates the battery for the controller memory is below a safe operating threshold or that the checksum for the controller EEPROM is incorrect is available on TB1-6 (BATT/MEM FAIL ALARM). V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Page 2-13 Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation Issue 3.5

38 High Reflected Power Alarm An alarm output that indicates the peak reflected power is exceeding 276 W (V10), 207 W (V7.5), 138 W (V5) or 103 W (V3.5) is available on TB1-10 (HIGH REFLD ALARM) Changeover Alarm An alarm output that indicates an automatic changeover has occurred on the exciter, IPA, IPA PS or fan PS and the reserve (standby) module is enabled as the active exciter, IPA, IPA PS or fan PS is available on TB1-8 (CHGOV ALARM). In V5/V3.5 transmitters, the exciter, IPA, IPA PS and fan PS have their own independent reserve (standby) options, which can be controlled separately. The same is true for V10/V7.5 transmitters except that the IPA and IPA PS controls are ganged together (IPA A with IPA PS A and IPA B with IPA PS B) PA/Module Fail Alarm An alarm output that indicates the RF output is reduced because an RF power module has failed or has been turned off and is not contributing to the RF output is available on TB1-9 (PA FAIL ALARM) Interlock Open Alarm An alarm output that indicates the RF output is inhibited because an external interlock switch has been opened is available on TB1-5 (INTLK OPEN ALARM) IPA/RF Fail Alarm An alarm output that indicates the RF output is inhibited because of an exciter failure, IPA output low, or IPA VSWR condition is available on J High Temperature Alarm An alarm output that indicates the temperature of the intake air, exhaust air, reject load, PA or IPA exceeded their maximum temperature threshold is available on TB1-11 (HIGH TEMP ALARM) Low RF Alarm An alarm output that indicates the RF output power is less than a user configurable threshold (default is 50%) is available on TB1-7 (LOW RF ALARM) Remote Status Indications Outputs that indicate the status of operator controlled circuits are available on the remote interface PWB (A44) [see Figure 2-7a (V10/V7.5) or 2-7b (V5/V3.5) for pin assignment]. A switching device for each output provides a current-sink-to-ground for a logic true status condition. Each circuit must present impedance between the switching device and a dc voltage source that limits current to 50 ma. +15V is available at TB1-18 of the remote interface PWB. If an external dc power source is used, it must not exceed +24 V. Its return must be connected to a GND terminal [see Figure 2-7a (V10/ V7.5) or 2-7b (V5/V3.5)] on the remote interface PWB. Unless otherwise noted, all remote interfacing is made to the remote interface PWB Remote Control Status A status output that indicates the local/ remote control status of the transmitter is available on J4-22. A logic true condition is present when remote control is selected. A logic false condition is present when local control is selected RF On Status A status output that indicates the on/off status of the transmitter's RF power stage is available on TB1-14 (RF ON STATUS). A logic true condition is present when the RF power stage is enabled and ready to produce RF output. A logic false condition is present when the RF power stage is turned off and will not produce RF output Active Exciter Status A status output that indicates which exciter is enabled as the active exciter is available on TB1-15 (EXCTR STATUS). A logic true condition is present when exciter 'B' is enabled as the active exciter. A logic false condition is present when exciter 'A' is enabled as the active exciter. Page 2-14 Issue 3.5 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation

39 Active IPA Status A status output that indicates which IPA (Module for V10/V7.5, PA for V5/V3.5) is the active IPA is available on TB1-16 (IPA STATUS). A logic true condition is present when IPA 'B' is enabled as the active IPA. A logic false condition is present when IPA 'A' is enabled as the active IPA Active IPA Power Supply Status A status output that indicates which IPA power supply module is enabled as the active IPA supply is available on J4-23. A logic true condition is present when IPA power supply 'B' is enabled as the active IPA supply. A logic false condition is present when IPA power supply 'A' is enabled as the active IPA supply Active Fan Power Supply Status A status output that indicates which fan power supply is enabled as the active fan supply is available on J4-24. A logic true condition is present when fan supply 'B' is enabled as the active fan supply. A logic false condition is present when fan supply 'A' is enabled as the active fan supply Preset Status Six preset status outputs (one for each available preset), are available on J4-15 (preset 1) through J4-20 (preset 6). A logic true condition is present for only the selected preset. A logic false condition is present for the remainder of the presets Transmitter Ready Status A status output that indicates the LVPS is producing a regulated +5 V and the control functions are operable is available on TB1-13 (XMTR READY STATUS). A logic true condition is present when the control functions are operable. A logic false condition is present when the control functions are not operable Valid Data Status A status output that indicates communication between the control/monitor PWB and remote interface PWB is available on J4-26. A logic true condition is present when communication exists. A logic false condition is present when communication is lost V Supply A +15 V dc voltage for remote control/ monitoring circuitry is available on TB1-18 (+15V). Current draw from this circuit is limited to 0.5 A by a PTC thermistor Parts Supplied by Nautel An ancillary parts kit is provided with each transmitter. These parts are provided to ensure initial installation is not delayed due to lost or damaged parts, and to allow the user to maintain the equipment until a comprehensive maintenance spares kit is obtained. These parts are not intended to be long-term maintenance spares. Detailed information about these parts is not included in this manual. The contents of the ancillary parts kit are itemized in the packing list. Connectors for remote control/monitor wiring and a hex key wrench for ac wiring are included in the ancillary kit Parts Not Supplied by Nautel Some parts and materials required for installation are not supplied with the transmitter, or are not provided by Nautel. Each installation will dictate the parts required, but users will normally need to supply the following: A suitable 50 Ω RF output coaxial cable, terminated by the appropriate RF connector, complete with an inner male connector at the transmitter end. All external control/monitor wiring, including the associated terminating devices and conduit clamps. All electrical power cables, including conduit, terminating devices, and conduit clamps Test Equipment and Special Tools The test equipment and special tools required to install and maintain the transmitter are listed in Table 1-2. V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Page 2-15 Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation Issue 3.5

40 Available Options There are several options available for the transmitter. Each option is described in the following paragraphs to assist the user in selecting the final configuration for the system Analog/Hybrid/All-Digital Option The transmitter can be configured for analog (FM), hybrid (FM+HD), or all-digital (HD) modes. Contact Nautel for more information on each mode and on issues with upgrading Standby Exciter Option The transmitter can be readily upgraded to use a standby exciter. When the standby exciter is installed, set the transmitter in auto exciter changeover mode to enable the standby switching feature Standby IPA Option The transmitter can be configured to use a standby IPA source and an associated power supply. For V10/V7.5 transmitters, a standby IPA module and associated IPA PS module can be provided. For V5/V3.5 transmitters, a standby PA, within the sole IPA module can be provided. An associated IPA PS module can also be provided with the standby PA. When the standby IPA is installed, set the transmitter in auto IPA (or IPA PA for V5/V3.5) or IPA PS (V5/V3.5 only) changeover mode to enable the standby switching feature Standby LVPS and Fan Supply Option The transmitter can be readily upgraded to use a standby LVPS and fan supply. When the standby LVPS and fan supply are installed, set the transmitter in auto fan supply (Fan PS) changeover mode to enable the standby switching feature Output Connector Option The V10/V7.5 s standard output connection is 3-1/8 inch EIA. A 1-5/8 inch or 7/8 inch EIA output connection is also available. Use of a 7/8 inch connector is limited by power level and altitude. The V5/V3.5 s standard output connection is 1-5/8 inch EIA. A 3-1/8 inch or 7/8 inch EIA output connection is also available Station Spares Kit Option A comprehensive maintenance spares kit is available. The kit includes some surface-mount (SMT) semiconductors and a quantity of each through-hole semiconductor, LED, fan, and fuse used in the equipment, as well as important repair items Site Spares Kit Option An adequate (low level) maintenance spares kit is available. The kit includes a limited quantity of fuses used in the equipment as well as a fan Ac Power Surge Protector Panel Option Nautel can provide an ac power surge protector panel (Nautel Part # NAX188), to aid in protecting the transmitter from lightning. If purchased, refer to the NAX188 manual for installation details Closed Ventilation Option The transmitter can be readily upgraded to use closed ventilation. Contact Nautel for information on this option NxLink Ethernet Interface Option The transmitter can be readily operated with an NxLink module (U15). This module allows for connection to a LAN (local area network) for remote control and monitoring. The user supplies the Ethernet interface cable. Contact Nautel for information on this option or refer to the NxLink Technical Instruction Manual supplied with the NxLink module. Page 2-16 Issue 3.5 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation

41 2.3 INSTALLATION Place the transmitter in its final location prior to completing installation. Install the transmitter as follows: Metric, stainless steel attaching hardware is used in this transmitter. Unless otherwise specified, metric wrenches/ sockets must be used except where an imperial measure is specifically identified. When required, replacement hardware should be identical to the replaced items Accepting the Shipment Inspect all shipments for transit damage prior to acceptance Unpacking Instructions Instructions for unpacking are dictated by the method of packaging for shipment. Transmitters not shipped by electronic equipment moving specialists may be packed in wooden crates. Instructions accompany any crate that requires special unpacking information. Remove all items from packing and place on a suitable work area. Verify shipped contents with packing lists, which provide detailed listings of shipment contents. (a) Remove the packing bracket from each column (two for V10/V7.5, one for V5/V3.5; see Figure 2-6) of RF power modules. Carefully push each module back into its support tray to ensure its connector is properly mated. In areas prone to seismic activity, it is permissible to leave the bracket(s) in. Ensure the RF power modules are properly seated. If necessary, loosen the hex head screws to adjust the position of the securing bracket Visual Inspection Perform a visual inspection on the cabinet, its modules/assemblies, and printed wiring boards. The inspection should cover the following: (a) Verify the LCD screen on the front panel is not damaged. (b) Remove any packing materials (tape, tyraps, bubble-wrap) used to secure wiring/cabling for shipment. (c) Check for obvious damage and missing parts. (d) Check electrical wiring/cabling for broken or frayed insulation, loose or improper connections, and broken, shorted or pinched conductors. (e) Verify all hardware is firmly tightened. (f) Remove any unwanted foreign objects from the interior of the cabinet/ assemblies, paying particular attention for floating conductive materials such as wire strands, metal slivers/filing, and loose hardware Determining Control/ Monitoring Requirements There are several remote control and monitoring options which you must predetermine before installing external wiring to/from these circuits. The pre-installation information in paragraph 2.2 identifies all of the remote controls and alarm/status outputs available. It is assumed that you have reviewed this information and have determined which will be used. It is also assumed the options available for the control inputs and the monitoring outputs have been reviewed and you have determined which options are required to interface with the external equipment Installing External Control/ Monitor Wiring Connect the wiring from the remote control/monitoring devices to the remote interface PWB (A44) as follows: V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Page 2-17 Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation Issue 3.5

42 M5 HEX HEAD SCREWS QTY: 6 REMOVE EXISTING M4 SCREW FROM RF POWER MODULE AND REPLACE AFTER PACKING BRACKET IS REMOVED. Figure 2-6: Removing Power Module Packing Bracket Page 2-18 Issue 3.5 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation

43 Table 2-5: Ac Power Connection TERMINAL 1-Phase ( V ac) AC POWER SOURCE WIRES 3-Phase ( V ac) 3-Phase ( V ac) A1E1 Line A Line A Line A A1E2 Line B/Neutral Line B Line B A1E3 N/A Line C Line C A1E4 N/A N/A Neutral Connect the ground wire for all ac power configurations to the inside threads of the Station Reference Ground bolt (E1) at the back of the transmitter cabinet. Remote control/monitor wiring terminates on the remote interface PWB (see Figure 2-2). The connectors (included in the ancillary kit) are solder-cup type and the terminal blocks accept wires sizes (AWG) # 14 through # 24. Cabinet entry holes for the control/ monitor cables are provided in the top front of the cabinet. See Figure 2-8 or 2-9 for the exact cable entry location. (a) Route wires through the cable entry hole(s) to the remote interface PWB (A44). Use Figure 2-7a (V10/V7.5) or 2-7b (V5/V3.5) to determine the specific destination of each wire. (b) Pass all control/monitor wires through the ferrite toroid(s) installed in the transmitter (see Figure 2-2). If practical, pass the wires through each toroid a minimum of two turns. (c) Determine which remote control inputs are being applied and then determine if they are differential or single-ended input. See (Remote Control Circuits), for more information on the type of input. (d) Cut each wire to the required length and, if the wire connects to a terminal block, remove 3/8 inch (9.5 mm) of insulation from the end of each wire; if the wire connects to a pin connector, remove approximately 1/8 inch (3.2 mm) of insulation from the end of each wire. (e) Insert the control/monitor wiring into the terminals of the remote interface PWB or solder them to the applicable connector pin, as identified in Figure 2-7a (V10/V7.5) or 2-7b (V5/V3.5). Ensure adjacent wires do not touch (short) and the terminal block securing screws are firmly tightened Installing Ac Power Source Wiring Connect the wiring between the ac power source and the ac distribution assembly (A1), noting it is located on the cabinet floor (see Figures 2-2 and 2-3). (a) Switch off the ac power at the service entrance. (b) Remove the lower rear filter panel. Remove the cover from the ac distribution assembly (A1) to access these terminals. Leave the filter panel off until installation is complete. (c) Choose the most suitable ac cable entry hole at the top or bottom of the cabinet (see Figures 2-2, 2-8, 2-9). Install wiring in a metal conduit. Attach the conduit to the cabinet at the entry hole. When wiring is in a floor mounted trench or the transmitter is on a pedestal, use the hole at the bottom, rear of the cabinet. (d) Get two ferrite toroids (Nautel Part # LP23, 85.7 mm) from the ancillary kit. V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Page 2-19 Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation Issue 3.5

44 (e) Route the ac wires through the selected entry hole to the ac terminals (E1 through E4, as applicable) on ac distribution assembly A1. The ac distribution assembly is factory configured for the user-specified ac input configuration. See paragraph to reconfigure the ac distribution assembly for a different configuration. (f) Pass all ac power source wires, including the ground wire, through the ferrite toroids obtained in step (d). If practical, wires should pass through a minimum of two times (two turns). (g) Using Table 2-5 as a guide, determine the destination of each wire, noting the proper ac power source. (h) Cut each wire to the required length and remove approximately 1.9 cm (3/4 ) of insulation from the end of each conductor. (i) Connect the wiring to the ac distribution assembly as in Table 2-5. Torque securing hardware to 13.4 N-m (120 in-lbs) using the 3/16 inch hex wrench in the ancillary kit. Ensure the ac terminals do not turn during wire installation. (j) Connect the ac ground wire to the inside threads of the station reference ground bolt (E1) Installing Exciters and Connecting Inputs Install internal or external exciter(s) (A14 and A15, if applicable) and make connections to them as follows: Exciter B (A15) is provided when you purchase a standby exciter. If the transmitter operates from a single exciter or if the exciters are externally mounted, a blank panel is installed over the open compartment(s). Remove plastic cap-plugs from BNC connectors on the exciter. Route the exciter program, remote control and ac wiring cables through a ferrite toroid, provided with the exciter s ancillary kit, to the rear of the exciter(s). For internally mounted exciters, ac wiring, interlock and transmitter link connections are factory installed. For exciters mounted outside the transmitter cabinet, the user must provide necessary extension cabling. Cables should enter the transmitter through the same entry hole as the remote control lines or the hole at the rear, right of the transmitter top (see Figure 2-8 or 2-9). (a) Locate the crate containing the exciter(s) (A14 and A15, if applicable). (b) For M50 exciter(s), proceed to For NE30 exciter(s), proceed to Page 2-20 Issue 3.5 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation

45 M50 Exciter(s) Only an internally mounted Nautel M50 exciter may be used for IBOC operation. (a) From the front of the transmitter, install the exciter(s) in their mounting drawer slides, located above the switching power supply modules. (b) At the back of the transmitter, plug the following connectors into the back of the exciter(s): ac power cord(s) (P66 for A14 and P67 for A15, if used) into the AC INPUT receptacle(s). 37-pin D-sub plug(s) (P68 for A14 and P69 for A15, if used), into the REMOTE INTERFACE receptacle(s). RF output BNC plug(s) (W1P1 for A14 and W2P1 for A15, if used) into the RF OUT BNC receptacle(s). For analog operation only: Analog input from an external AES/EBU source, to the INPUT AES/EBU XLR connector. For IBOC operation only: IBOC input, via a LAN connection, to the LAN/ EXPORTER INPUT RJ45 connector. For IBOC operation only: Serial link Cat 5e cable plug(s) (W93P2 for A14 and W94P2 for A15, if used) into the XMTR LINK receptacle(s). For IBOC operation only: Exciter RF sample BNC plug(s) (P71 for A14 and P73 for A15, if used), and optional inline BNC attenuators, into the RF SAMPLE INPUT BNC receptacle(s). For IBOC operation only: Connect a 10 MHz reference, from an external GPS source (e.g., Exporter), to the GPS INPUT 10 MHz BNC connector. (c) Connect the program input to the appropriate exciter input, as detailed in the M50 Installation and Operation Manual. After making any necessary program input adjustments, secure the exciter(s) using four front panel screws located in a bag attached to the exciter(s). Route exciter program cables through a ferrite toroid, provided with the exciter s ancillary kit, to the rear of the exciter(s). (d) For external exciter mounting, consider the following: Connect a coaxial cable between the exciter s RF OUT BNC and J1 (exciter A) or J2 (exciter B) of RF drive splitter/ changeover assembly A16 (see Figure MD-3 of the Repair Manual). Connect each exciter s RF mute (safety interlock) control to the transmitter s exciter interlock control, using a single-conductor, shielded wire (user supplied). The exciter interlock controls are available on the EXC A and EXC B terminals of TB2 on the remote interface PWB (A44). Nautel exciters require an open contact for normal operation. For exciter A (A14), connect the centreconductor to TB2-2 and the ground to TB2-3. For exciter B (A15, if used), connect the centre-conductor to TB2-5 and the ground to TB2-6. Install the other ends of the RF mute wires from step (b) in a 37-pin D-sub plug (Nautel Part # JS52, located in the blank exciter kit) with the centreconductor at pin 21 and the shield at pin 20. Next, mate the plug with the REMOTE INTERFACE receptacle on the exciter rear panel. A connector shell (Nautel Part # JS36) is also available in the blank exciter kit. V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Page 2-21 Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation Issue 3.5

46 NE30 Exciter(s) NE30 exciters are analog operation only. (a) On the rear of the exciter(s), verify the voltage indicated on the fuse holder/ LINE VOLTAGE SELECTOR inside the AC MAINS connector(s) is set for the proper voltage (230 V ac). (b) If the visible printing does not indicate the correct ac source voltage, carefully withdraw it from the connector and re-insert it so that the correct ac source voltage is shown. Ensure that the correct slow-blow fuse is installed (2 A for V ac) (c) From the front of the transmitter, install the exciter(s) in the exciter compartment(s) above the switching power supply modules. (d) At the back of the transmitter, plug the following connectors into the back of the exciter(s): ac power cord(s) (P66 for A14 and P67 for A15, if used) into the Ac Mains receptacle(s). 25-pin D-sub control/monitor plug(s) (P68 for A14 and P69 for A15, if used), into the Control/Monitor receptacle(s). RF output BNC plug(s) (W1P1 for A14 and W2P1 for A15, if used) into the RF Output N receptacle(s). (e) Connect the program input to the appropriate exciter input, as detailed in the NE30 exciter's Technical Instruction Manual. Make any necessary program input adjustments and secure the exciter(s) using four front panel screws located in a bag attached to the exciter(s). Route exciter program cables through a ferrite toroid, provided with the exciter s ancillary kit, to the rear of the exciter(s). (f) For external exciter mounting, consider the following: Connect a coaxial cable between the exciter s RF OUT N connector and J1 (exciter A) or J2 (exciter B) of RF drive splitter/changeover assembly A16 (see Figure MD-3 of the V10 or V5 Repair Manual). Connect each exciter s RF mute (safety interlock) control to the transmitter s exciter interlock control, using a single-conductor, shielded wire (user supplied). The exciter interlock controls are available on the EXC A and EXC B terminals of TB2 on the remote interface PWB (A44). Nautel exciters require an open contact for normal operation. For exciter A (A14), connect the centreconductor to TB2-2 and the ground to TB2-3. For exciter B (A15, if used), connect the centre-conductor to TB2-5 and the ground to TB2-6. Install the other ends of the RF mute wires from step (b) in a 25-pin D-sub plug (Nautel Part # JS31, located in the blank exciter kit) with the centreconductor at pin 4 and the shield at pin 25. Mate the plug with the Control/ Monitor receptacle on the exciter rear panel. A connector shell (Nautel Part # JK16) is also available in the blank exciter kit. Page 2-22 Issue 3.5 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation

47 2.3.8 Installing RF Feed Coaxial Cable Connect an RF feed coaxial cable, which has been cut to the required length, to the transmitter s RF output. The RF feed cable termination point is located at the top of the RF power probe (A42) (see Figure 2-2, 2-8 or 2-9 for location/ dimensional information). The transmitter has an optional EIA flanged output connection (3-1/8 inch, 1-5/8 inch or 7/8 inch), which is userspecified. The following procedure applies to all connector options. Connect the transmitter's RF output to a dummy load, if available, during the commissioning procedure's initial turn-on. If the RF feed cable is not connected to a switching circuit that permits antenna/ dummy load selection, ensure the RF feed cable for the dummy load is connected to the transmitter's RF output connection until otherwise specified during the commissioning procedures. (a) Verify the RF feed cable is in place and has been cut to the required length. (b) Remove the output cover packing plate (four M6 screws) from the top of the transmitter and discard plate. Retain spacer plates. (c) In the ancillary crate, locate a bag labeled Output Stud Plate. Install the stud plate on the RF output, on top of the existing spacer plate(s). Use the M6 securing screws removed in step (b). (d) Install an EIA flange connector (3-1/8, 1-5/8 or 7/8 inch) on the feed cable. If the RF feed cable s EIA flange connector does not have a male connector for the centre conductor, obtain an EIA bullet for the EIA flange connector. (e) Locate and remove six sets of hardware (nuts, split washers and flat washers) from the output stud plate on the top of the transmitter RF output connector. The size of the hardware depends on the size of the RF output connector (3/8 inch hardware for 3-1/8 output; 5/16 hardware for 1-5/8 output; M6 hardware for 7/8 output). (f) Carefully install the RF feed cable s EIA flange connector on the RF power probe s flange-mounting studs. Ensure its bullet mates with the rigidly mounted cup connector on the RF power probe. Secure using attaching hardware removed in step (e). Ensure nuts are firmly tightened Station Reference Ground Connect a continuous, low-impedance conductor (minimum four-inch wide copper strap or equivalent), as described in the Lightning Protection section of Nautel s Recommendations for Transmitter Site Preparation booklet, between the station reference ground and the insulated reference ground stud (E1) at the bottom rear of the cabinet (see Figure 2-2). It is important that this conductor does not contact the transmitter at any other point. V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Page 2-23 Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation Issue 3.5

48 2.4 COMMISSIONING PROCEDURES The following procedures are in a step-bystep format. They permit a person who is not familiar with the transmitter to perform required checks. Complete the procedures in sequence. The transmitter is precisely calibrated and subjected to a burn-in during manufacture. It should not be necessary to change any adjustment, other than those specified. (for IBOC users) If the transmitter is part of an IBOC system, it should be commissioned in conjunction with the IBOC system components. Refer to the turn-on or commissioning procedures of these items for more information. Depending on customer requests, the exciter, IPA, IPA power supply and/or fan power supply may be duplicated and connected to form main and standby modules. The LVPS module may also be duplicated, but is not main/standby configurable. The control/display panel s diagnostic display indicates which module (A or B) is selected as the main source. Duplicated modules are as follows: A Side A Exciter...A14 A IPA Module (V10/V7.5)...A19 A IPA PA (V5/V3.5)... A19A4 A IPA Switching Power Supply Module...U1 A LVPS Module...U11 A Fan Supply Module...U13 B Side B Exciter...A15 B IPA Module (V10/V7.5 only)...a20 B IPA PA (V5/V3.5, dual PA only)... A19A3 B IPA Switching Power Supply Module...U2 B LVPS Module...U12 B Fan Supply Module...U Precautions The transmitter contains many solid state devices that can be damaged if subjected to excessive heat or high voltage transients. Ensure circuits are not overdriven or disconnected from their loads while turned on. Read and observe the precautionary information in Section 3 - Operating Instructions prior to applying power and during operation Turn-On Prerequisites To verify the transmitter is ready to turn on, complete the following steps: (a) Verify all interconnect wiring is installed and installation requirements of paragraph 2.3 have been completed. (b) Ensure ac power is switched off. (c) Set the ON/STANDBY switch of each switching power supply module (A-H for V10, A-C and E-G for V7.5, A-D for V5, A-C for V3.5, IPA A and IPA B, if applicable) to STANDBY (toggle down). Use the transmitter s silkscreened panel as location aids. WARNING For certain customers an Interlock Shorted jumper is factory installed between the interlock inputs (TB1-1/ TB1-2) on the remote interface PWB (A44). While this jumper is in place, safety features controlled by the external interlocks are disabled. Implement a fail-safe method of alerting personnel to this fact. Voltages that are dangerous to life are present on RF output stages and the antenna system if transmitter is turned on. (d) If a jumper has not been factory installed, close all external interlocks or connect a temporary jumper wire between TB1-1 and TB1-2 of the remote interface PWB (A44). Page 2-24 Issue 3.5 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation

49 (e) Obtain the Proof of Performance test results, the completed copy of the Critical Parameters and Scale Factors sheets that are taped in front of the transmitter, near IPA A, during packing for shipment. Insert these documents into Section 5, System Level Troubleshooting, of this manual. Nautel completes the Critical Parameters sheet with the transmitter terminated into a precision 50 Ω load. Measurements made on site into a dummy load or station antenna may not yield the same readings. Slight variances are acceptable. The data is provided as a troubleshooting aid Initial Turn-On (a) Verify the requirements of are complete. (b) Switch on ac power. (c) Verify or install battery BT1 on the control/display PWB (A43). (d) Set the Real-Time Clock on the front panel GUI for local time (see 3.6.9). If the transmitter contains M50 exciters, set their clocks (see M50 manual) to match the transmitter clock. (e) Confirm that the AC OK lamp on each switching power supply module (U1 through U10, as applicable) is on. Unless otherwise stated, all of the following references to controls and indicators are located on, or accessible from, the control/ display panel s diagnostic display. If necessary, remove covers from any PWB to improve accessibility to a test point or adjustment. Re-install covers when the commissioning procedure is complete. (f) Select local control by pressing the Control Local button. (g) Preset 1 is factory set to the customer s configuration and power level. If desired, select a different active preset in the Power Control menu (see 3.6.4). For transmitters using M50 exciters, if the transmitter preset is changed to a preset with a different mode of operation (analog, hybrid or all-digital) or frequency, ensure the M50 exciter s preset also changes to match the mode and frequency of the transmitter. Transmitter presets with similar modes and frequencies do not require an exciter preset change. (h) Set the ON/STANDBY switch of each switching power supply module (U1 through U10, as applicable) to ON (toggle up). (i) Press the Control - RF On button. (j) Verify the cooling fans for the RF power modules and switching power supply modules are operating. You should feel a low velocity stream of air at the front of each RF power module and at the front of the switching power supply modules. For V10/V7.5 transmitters, the non-operational IPA module s cooling fan is never active. (k) The DC FAIL lamp on the standby IPA switching power supply module should be on (red), indicating the module is in standby mode. Its cooling fan should not be on. (l) The transmitter should be at the preset power level defined by the selected preset and there should be no alarms on the front panel System Diagram. V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Page 2-25 Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation Issue 3.5

50 (m) From the diagnostic display s metering screen, scroll through the meter readings and verify they are close to the level in the Critical Parameters sheet. Verify that the reflected power indicated is less than 63 W (V10), 57 W (V7.5), 23 W (V5) or 16 W (V3.5) into a 50 Ω load. (n) Verify the reject load power levels indicated are less than 100 W. If any of the meters indicate a level that is greater than 100 W, swap the RF power modules as detailed in Table 4-1 until the meter indicates less than 100 W. (o) Using the Module Status menu (see 3.6.5), scroll through each PA module s status screen while verifying that the PA volts and PA dc currents for each module are close to the values indicated in the Critical Parameters sheet. (p) Ensure all other RF power related data in the Critical Parameters sheet has been verified. Due to variation in the dummy load or antenna system, it may be necessary to adjust the PA voltage slightly to obtain the desired power level. If the data in the Critical Parameters sheet cannot be substantiated, contact Nautel. (q) If a standby IPA module is installed, select IPA B as main (see ) and verify the transmitter operates at the assigned power level with no alarms. Select the desired main IPA module (A or B). (r) For V5/V3.5 only: If a standby IPA PS module is installed, select IPA PS B as main and verify the transmitter operates at the assigned power level with no alarms. Select the desired main IPA PS (A or B). (s) If a standby exciter is installed, select exciter B as main and verify the transmitter operates at the assigned power level with no alarms. Select the desired main exciter (A or B). (t) If a standby fan PS is installed, select Fan PS B as main and verify the transmitter operates at the assigned power level with no alarms. Select the desired main Fan PS (A or B). (u) Transmitter commissioning is complete Placing Transmitter On-Air When the initial turn-on procedure is complete, place the transmitter on-air as follows: (a) Ensure the transmitter s RF power stage is switched off (press the Control - RF Off button). (b) Verify the transmitter's RF output is connected to an antenna system. (c) Connect the station program as the transmitter's modulating audio source. Connection of the audio cable's shield is dependent on the presence or absence of ground loops. In some installations, it may be necessary to connect the shield at one end only. In these cases, connect the end that provides the best results. (d) Select the desired preset in the presets menu (see 3.6.4). (e) Switch on (enable) the transmitter s RF power stage (press the Control - RF On button). Page 2-26 Issue 3.5 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation

51 GROUND EXT EXCTR A (+) 2 TRANSMITTER EXTERNAL INPUT/OUTPUT CONNECTIONS GND # SMY ALARM - # INTLK OPEN ALARM - # BATT/MEM FAIL ALARM - # LOW RF ALARM - # CHGOV ALARM - FROM 1-PHASE AC POWER SOURCE ( VAC) LINE A LINE B/NEUTRAL OR TRANSMITTER EXTERNAL INPUT/OUTPUT CONNECTIONS A1E1 A42J6 A1E2 A42J3 A21A1J3 RF OUTPUT RF MONITOR IPA RF MONITOR (Q4) TO ANTENNA SYSTEM TO EXTERNAL REMOTE MONITORING EXT EXCTR A (-) 3 EXT EXCTR B (+) 4 EXT EXCTR B (-) 5 GROUND EXT IPA A (+) 7 EXT IPA A (-) 8 EXT IPA B (+) 9 EXT IPA B (-) 10 RESET (+) # PA FAIL ALARM - # HIGH REFLD PWR ALARM - # HIGH TEMP ALARM - GND # XMTR READY STATUS - # RF ON STATUS - # EXCTR STATUS - # IPA STATUS - GND FROM 3-PHASE AC POWER SOURCE ( VAC) LINE A LINE B LINE C OR A1E1 A1E2 A1E3 A22A1J IPA RF MONITOR (Q3) EXCTR A INTLK (N/C) EXCTR A INTLK (N/O) EXCTR A INTLK (COM) EXCTR B INTLK (N/C) EXCTR B INTLK (N/O) EXCTR B INTLK (COM) TO EXCITER A TO EXCITER B RESET (-) EXT PRESET 1 (+) EXT PRESET 1 (-) EXT PRESET 2 (+) FROM EXTERNAL REMOTE CONTROL EXT PRESET 2 (-) EXT PRESET 3 (+) EXT PRESET 3 (-) EXT PRESET 4 (+) EXT PRESET 4 (-) EXT PRESET 5 (+) EXT PRESET 5 (-) EXT PRESET 6 (+) EXT PRESET 6 (-) EXT FAN PS A (+) EXT FAN PS A (-) EXT FAN PS B (+) EXT FAN PS B (-) GROUND RF ON (+) N/C N/C N/C N/C N/C N/C N/C N/C N/C N/C A44J6 A44J4 A44J N/C 5 N/C 6 N/C N/C 16 N/C 17 N/C 18 N/C 19 N/C V GND FWD PWR SMPL REFLD PWR SMPL # AC FAULT ALARM - # PS FAIL ALARM - # IPA/RF FAIL ALARM - GROUND GROUND PA VOLTS SAMPLE EXCITER FORWARD POWER SAMPLE INTAKE AIR TEMP SAMPLE EXHAUST AIR TEMP SAMPLE GROUND GROUND GROUND TOTAL PA CURRENT SAMPLE SAMPLE OUT 8 SAMPLE OUT 9 SAMPLE OUT 10 SAMPLE OUT 11 SAMPLE OUT 12 GROUND TO EXTERNAL REMOTE MONITORING FROM 3-PHASE AC POWER SOURCE ( VAC) FROM ALL AC POWER SOURCES XMTR INTLK FROM A44J8 (IF U15 INSTALLED) LINE A LINE B LINE C NEUTRAL AC GROUND STATION REFERENCE GROUND GROUND RS-232 COM (9-PIN D-SUB) A1E1 A44J1 A1E2 A1E3 A44J2 A1E4 A44J8 E1 1 2 A44J9 U15-PORT 1 ** U15-ETHERNET I/O ** ** U15 IS OPTIONAL DES A44TB1 DES A44TB2 DES A44TB3 DES A44TB4 W94P1 W93P XMTR LINK (EXCTR B) XMTR LINK (EXCTR A) TX DATA RX DATA GROUND TX DATA RX DATA GROUND RS-232 COM (9-PIN D-SUB) RS-232 COM (RJ45) TO LAN FOR REMOTE CONTROL/MONITORING S VE RF ON (-) RF OFF (+) RF OFF (-) GROUND 6 PWR INCR (+) PWR INCR (-) PWR DECR (+) PWR DECR (-) N/C GROUND A44J N/C 28 N/C N/C 36 N/C 37 N/C GROUND GROUND # PRESET 1 STATUS - # PRESET 2 STATUS - # PRESET 3 STATUS - # PRESET 4 STATUS - # PRESET 5 STATUS - # PRESET 6 STATUS - GROUND # REMOTE STATUS - # IPA PS STATUS - # FAN PS STATUS - # VALID DATA STATUS - GROUND GROUND GROUND Dimensions = mm (inches) External Input/Output Interface V10/V7.5 Transmitter Issue 3.5 Not to Scale Figure 2-7a Page 2-27

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53 TRANSMITTER EXTERNAL INPUT/OUTPUT CONNECTIONS GND # SMY ALARM - # INTLK OPEN ALARM - FROM 1-PHASE AC POWER SOURCE ( VAC) LINE A LINE B/NEUTRAL TRANSMITTER EXTERNAL INPUT/OUTPUT CONNECTIONS A1E1 A42J6 A1E2 RF OUTPUT TO ANTENNA SYSTEM GROUND EXT EXCTR A (+) 2 EXT EXCTR A (-) # BATT/MEM FAIL ALARM - # LOW RF ALARM - # CHGOV ALARM - # PA FAIL ALARM - OR A42J3 A21A1J3 RF MONITOR IPA RF MONITOR TO EXTERNAL REMOTE MONITORING EXT EXCTR B (+) 4 EXT EXCTR B (-) 5 GROUND EXT IPA A (+) # HIGH REFLD PWR ALARM - # HIGH TEMP ALARM - GND # XMTR READY STATUS - FROM 3-PHASE AC POWER SOURCE ( VAC) LINE A LINE B LINE C A1E1 1 A1E2 2 A1E3 3 EXCTR A INTLK (N/C) EXCTR A INTLK (N/O) EXCTR A INTLK (COM) TO EXCITER A EXT IPA A (-) 8 14 # RF ON STATUS - 4 EXCTR B INTLK (N/C) EXT IPA B (+) 9 EXT IPA B (-) # EXCTR STATUS - # IPA STATUS - OR 5 6 EXCTR B INTLK (N/O) EXCTR B INTLK (COM) TO EXCITER B RESET (+) GND RESET (-) V GND LINE A A1E1 A44J1 W94P1 XMTR LINK (EXCTR B) EXT IPA PS A (+) EXT IPA PS A (-) 28 EXT IPA PS B (+) 29 EXT IPA PS B (-) 30 EXT PRESET 1 (+) EXT PRESET 1 (-) EXT PRESET 2 (+) FROM EXTERNAL REMOTE CONTROL EXT PRESET 2 (-) EXT PRESET 3 (+) EXT PRESET 3 (-) EXT PRESET 4 (+) EXT PRESET 4 (-) EXT PRESET 5 (+) EXT PRESET 5 (-) EXT PRESET 6 (+) EXT PRESET 6 (-) EXT FAN PS A (+) EXT FAN PS A (-) EXT FAN PS B (+) EXT FAN PS B (-) GROUND RF ON (+) N/C N/C N/C N/C N/C N/C A44J6 A44J4 A44J N/C 5 N/C 6 N/C N/C 16 N/C 17 N/C 18 N/C 19 N/C FWD PWR SMPL REFLD PWR SMPL # AC FAULT ALARM - # PS FAIL ALARM - # IPA/RF FAIL ALARM - GROUND GROUND PA VOLTS SAMPLE EXCITER FORWARD POWER SAMPLE INTAKE AIR TEMP SAMPLE EXHAUST AIR TEMP SAMPLE GROUND GROUND GROUND TOTAL PA CURRENT SAMPLE SAMPLE OUT 8 SAMPLE OUT 9 SAMPLE OUT 10 SAMPLE OUT 11 SAMPLE OUT 12 GROUND TO EXTERNAL REMOTE MONITORING FROM 3-PHASE AC POWER SOURCE ( VAC) FROM ALL AC POWER SOURCES XMTR INTLK FROM A44J8 (IF U15 INSTALLED) LINE B LINE C NEUTRAL AC GROUND STATION REFERENCE GROUND GROUND RS-232 COM (9-PIN D-SUB) A1E2 A44J2 A1E3 A1E4 A44J8 E1 1 A44J9 2 U15-PORT 1 ** U15-ETHERNET I/O ** ** U15 IS OPTIONAL DES A44TB1 DES A44TB2 DES A44TB3 DES A44TB4 W93P XMTR LINK (EXCTR A) TX DATA RX DATA GROUND TX DATA RX DATA GROUND RS-232 COM (9-PIN D-SUB) RS-232 COM (RJ45) TO LAN FOR REMOTE CONTROL/MONITORING S VG RF ON (-) RF OFF (+) RF OFF (-) GROUND 6 PWR INCR (+) PWR INCR (-) PWR DECR (+) PWR DECR (-) N/C GROUND A44J N/C N/C 28 N/C N/C 37 N/C GROUND GROUND # PRESET 1 STATUS - # PRESET 2 STATUS - # PRESET 3 STATUS - # PRESET 4 STATUS - # PRESET 5 STATUS - # PRESET 6 STATUS - GROUND # REMOTE STATUS - # IPA PS STATUS - # FAN PS STATUS - # VALID DATA STATUS - GROUND GROUND GROUND Dimensions = mm (inches) External Input/Output Interface V5/V3.5 Transmitter Issue 3.5 Not to Scale Figure 2-7b Page 2-28

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55 Dimensional Information V10/V7.5 Transmitter Issue 3.5 Not to Scale Figure 2-8 Page 2-29 Dimensions = inches (mm)

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57 Dimensional Information V5/V3.5 Transmitter Issue 3.5 Not to Scale Figure 2-9 Page 2-30 Dimensions = mm (inches)

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59 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 INSTALLATION AND OPERATION MANUAL Section 3 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 3.1 INTRODUCTION The following instructions are intended primarily for persons involved in testing or maintenance of the equipment Precautions The transmitter contains many solid state devices that can be damaged if they are subjected to excessive heat or high voltage transients. Ensure the circuits are not overdriven and are not disconnected from their loads while turned on. 3.2 EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN If an emergency shutdown is necessary, special precautions are required. However, the type of shutdown is dictated by the reason for the shutdown. There are two types of shutdown. The first turns off the RF output and disables all of the internal power supplies by disconnecting the ac power source. The second turns off the RF output by inhibiting the power output stages Complete Shutdown When the cause of the emergency shutdown dictates the need for a complete shutdown of the transmitter, do the following: Switch off the ac power source at the ac power entrance Turn Off RF Output When the cause of the emergency shutdown is external to the transmitter or is in the RF output portion of the transmitter, the following will turn off the RF power produced by the power modules: WARNING The following will not remove the ac power source voltage from the transmitter or inhibit any of the internal low voltage dc supplies. If the reason for the shutdown requires all voltages be turned off, proceed directly to paragraph If in local or remote control, press the Control - RF Off switch on the transmitter s front panel. If in remote control, select RF Off at the remote control site. Open any external interlock switch. 3.3 EXTERNAL SAFETY INTERLOCK The external electrical interlock circuit is a protection circuit controlled by user determined, serially connected, normally open/held closed interlock switches. It inhibits the RF output when it is not safe to produce RF output. When all of the external interlock switches are closed and it is safe to produce an RF output, the front panel's system diagram External Alarm lamp will be off. The operator will have full control of transmitter functions. When any external interlock switch is open, the RF output stages will automatically turn off. The front panel's system diagram External Alarm lamp will turn on (alarm state). It is not possible to enable the RF power stages until all of the external interlock switches are closed. V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Page 3-1 Section 3 Operating Instructions Issue 3.5

60 3.4 ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE PROTECTION The transmitter's assemblies contain semiconductor devices that are susceptible to damage from electrostatic discharge (ESD). Observe the following precautions when handling an assembly that contains these devices: Electrostatic energy is produced when two insulating materials are rubbed together. A person wearing rubber-soled shoes, walking across a nylon carpet or a waxed floor can generate an extremely large electrostatic charge. This effect is magnified during periods of low humidity. This high voltage may damage semiconductor devices such as integrated circuits, field-effect transistors, thyristors and Schottky diodes unless adequate precautions are taken Discharging of Personnel Maintainers must be electrically discharged by a suitable ground system (anti-static mats, grounding straps) when removing an assembly from the transmitter and while handling the assembly for maintenance procedures Handling/Storage Place the assembly in an anti-static bag when it is not installed in a host transmitter or when it is not being subjected to maintenance procedures. Electronic components should be stored in anti-static materials Stress Current Protection Always ensure the static sensitive semiconductor devices are protected from unnecessary stress current. This is achieved by ensuring: Current is not flowing when an electrical connection is broken. Voltages are not present on external control/monitoring circuits when they are connected. 3.5 CONTROLS AND INDICATORS Nautel recommends the operator/maintainer be familiar with the transmitter's controls and indicators before operating the transmitter and/or attempting to perform fault diagnostics. In most cases, controls and indicators are presented in an assembly-by-assembly format. A mechanical drawing and an associated table are provided as aids to locating and understanding the assembly s controls and indicators. On some mechanical drawings, numbered callouts are provided to cross-reference the control/indicator to the description table. The names used in the PANEL MARKING column of the controls and indicators tables are intended to be the closest possible representation to the item s label/silkscreen Tools/Test Equipment Testing and maintenance equipment, including soldering and unsoldering tools, should be suitable for contact with static sensitive semiconductor devices. Page 3-2 Issue 3.5 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Section 3 Operating Instructions

61 3.5.1 Front Panel The front panel is the primary local user interface for the transmitter. Control and indicators are grouped into four sections of the panel (see Figure 3-1) as follows: System Diagram - a simple block diagram of the transmitter complete with alarm lamps. Refer to Figure 3-2 and Table 3-1 for a description of the controls and indicators. Control push-button switches that allow convenient control of the transmitter s RF status (on or off and increase or decrease) and its operator control source (local or remote). The RF Off switch is functional regardless of local or remote selection. Refer to Figure 3-3 and Table 3-2 for a description of the controls and indicators. Diagnostic Display a menu-driven user interface screen - with five associated push-buttons - which allows control and monitoring of the transmitter s critical parameters and modes of operation. See paragraph 3.6 for a full description of the diagnostic display. Power Meter the RF KILOWATTS meter displays forward power on the upper scale and reflected power on the lower scale. Scale selection and meter enabling is selected using the diagnostic display (see paragraph ). Figure 3-1: Transmitter Front Panel (Primary User Interface) V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Page 3-3 Section 3 Operating Instructions Issue 3.5

62 3.5.2 Switching Power Supply Module Figure 3-4 and Table 3-3 identify and describes the controls and indicators on the switching power supply modules (U1 through U10) Control/Display PWB Figure 3-5 and Table 3-4 identify and describe the controls and indicators on the control/display PWB (A43) Interconnect PWB Figure 3-6 and Table 3-5 identify and describe the controls and indicators on the interconnect PWBs (A17, A18 and A23 through A30) Remote Interface PWB Figure 3-7 and Table 3-6 identify and describe the controls and indicators on the remote interface PWB (A44) Power Module Interface PWB Figure 3-8 and Table 3-7 identify and describe the controls and indicators on the power module interface PWB (A5) on each IPA module and RF power module Miscellaneous Table 3-8 identifies and describes any miscellaneous controls and indicators in the transmitter. System Diagram Exciter IPA/ PA Output Network Low Voltage Power Supply Changeover External Alarm AC Mains Power Supply Figure 3-2: Transmitter Front Panel System Diagram Section Page 3-4 Issue 3.5 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Section 3 Operating Instructions

63 Table 3-1: Front Panel - System Diagram Controls and Indicators PANEL MARKING Exciter Low Voltage Power Supply AC Mains Power Supply External Alarm Changeover DESCRIPTION When turned on (red), typically indicates the active exciter s (A14 or A15) RF output to the active IPA module is above or below the preset range, OR communication between the transmitter and exciter (M50 only) has failed, assuming a serial link exists OR an audio loss has occurred in the exciter. This alarm will initiate a changeover in dual exciter transmitters; the exciter designated as standby will be operating as the active exciter. When turned on (red), indicates one (single) or both (dual) LVPS modules (U11 or U12) or fan supply modules (U13 or U14) has failed. This alarm will initiate a changeover in dual fan power supply transmitters; the fan power supply module designated as standby will be operating as the active module. When turned on (red), indicates the ac voltage applied to the transmitter, is below an acceptable level. Transmitter will shut down. When turned on (red), indicates a fault has occurred in one or more of the switching power supply modules that supply the IPA and RF power modules. Depending on the options installed, the transmitter may initiate a changeover to the standby IPA power supply module or operate at a reduced power level or be shut down. May also indicate that the backup battery s voltage is below an acceptable threshold. When turned on (red), indicates the external interlock circuit is not presenting a closed circuit. Transmitter will be shut down. When turned on (red), indicates a changeover to the standby exciter/ipa/ipa PS/fan PS module (as applicable) has been enabled due to a fault in the main exciter/ipa/ipa PS/fan PS module. IPA/PA Output Network When turned on (red), indicates a fault has occurred in one of the IPA or RF power modules. In the case of an IPA module fault, a changeover will be initiated (for dual IPA transmitters); the IPA designated as standby will be operating as the active IPA. In the case of an RF power module fault, the transmitter will continue to operate at a reduced power level. When turned on (red), indicates the transmitter s RF power is being cut back or shut back due to an impedance mismatch (high VSWR) at the transmitter s output OR the forward power level has exceeded an acceptable level (while ALC is disabled) OR the forward power has been decreased below 1630 W (V10)/1223 W (V7.5)/815 W (V5)/ 612 W (V3.5) (due to SWR foldback) OR one of the combiner s cooling fans has failed OR the power level or temperature in one of the hybrid combiner s reject loads has exceeded an acceptable level. In each case, root-cause details of the fault are displayed in the diagnostic display s Events Log (see paragraph 3.6.6) V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Page 3-5 Section 3 Operating Instructions Issue 3.5

64 . Figure 3-3: Transmitter Front Panel Control Section Page 3-6 Issue 3.5 V10/V7.5/V5/V3.5 Installation and Operation Manual Section 3 Operating Instructions