Schematic diagram of the DAP
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- Rosalind Reynolds
- 5 years ago
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1
2 Outline Introduction Transmission mode measurement results Previous emission measurement Trapping mechanics Emission measurement with new circuits Emission images Future plan and conclusion
3 Schematic diagram of the DAP
4 Transmission Mode Measurement Transmission mode measurements are designed to study the secondary electron generation and transportation in the diamond.
5 Single crystal diamond window gain with primary electron energy ranges from 4keV to 8keV.
6
7 A vacuum gap in between the copper anode and the diamond surface, and the termination of this surface is changed to hydrogen instead of metal coating. DC voltage Pulsed beam
8
9 The hydrogenation is not good enough Improve the hydrogenation system Use [110] orientation diamond Bulk trapping due to impurity and lattice dislocations And
10 Possible mechanism of electron trapping and field shielding in diamond -5000V C t0 C C C Electric field t3 Primary e- t2 C C C C C Anode t0 t1 t2 t3 time t1 C C C H C C hole electron C C C C H Metal diamond hydrogenation
11 HV Switch Delay time Electron Pulse T T Signal T
12 High voltage is fixed at -500V
13 Estimation of the emission rate at beginning of the pulse
14 See directly the emission of the beam Use alternating field and high frequency beam to increase the average current of the emitted beam. Primary beam Use DC electron beam but pulsed HV on electrodes Primary current HV pulses HV
15 First observed beam from DAP Phosphor screen size ~Φ22mm Primary current: ~300nA. Spot: 0.5mm HV: 3kV Repetition frequency: 1kHz Duty cycle: 10-3
16 Electric focusing Focus HV Diamond cathode Metal tube R=7mm, L=14mm Phosphor screen CCD camera
17 After focusing The diamond was exposed to air during the installing of the focus tube The smallest size of the spot on screen is ~Φ1.2mm
18 Hole pattern on anode and the primary electron beam scan directions Scan directions Hole pattern determined by the gun deflection settings Hole pattern measured on the phosphor screen
19 The horizontal scan images
20 Temperature effect Room temperature Liquid nitrogen temperature
21 Recent Plan Improve the circuit (Push-Pull HV switch, noise reduction) Temperature dependence measurement Current density variation measurement Emission current calibration (use a collector behind the anode) Lifetime measurement Hydrogenation effects Future Plan Room temperature RF gun test Energy spread measurement Emittance measurement SRF cavity test
22 Conclusion We ve directly seen the electron emission from the diamond amplified photo-cathode. The cathode seems to be very robust. Qualitatively the emission is not sensitive to the temperature. More measurements on the DAP become realistic now.
23 Supplementary
24 The vertical scan images
25 The diagonal #1 scan images
26 The diagonal #2 scan images
27 Focusing vs. spot size
28 Primary beam Metal coating w l g Anode Diamond Assume 2nd electron emission rate (1) In case of full emission (x=100%), measured emission gain, G m equals to transmission gain, G t (measured from previous transmission experimental result) (2) In case of all electrons are trapped (x=0%), measured gain, (capacitive coupling effect) (3) Partial emission, we could estimate the emission rate x by:
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