Particles Depth Detection using In-Line Digital Holography Configuration
|
|
- Kenneth Porter
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Particles Depth Detection using In-Line Digital Holography Configuration Sanjeeb Prasad Panday 1, Kazuo Ohmi, Kazuo Nose 1: Department of Information Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Osaka Sangyo University, Japan, : Information Systems Engineering, Osaka Sangyo University, Japan, nose@ise.osaka-sandai.ac.jp Abstract Digital holography (DH) is the direct recording of the Fresnel or Fourier holograms using a CCD or CMOS camera and is considered as an alternative to the optical holography which uses a film or a plate involving wet-chemical or other processes. However, the poor pixel resolution of CCD or CMOS cameras as compared to that of holographic films gives poor depth resolution for images which in turn severely undermines the usefulness of digital holography in densely populated particle fields. The authors in this paper present a technique of depth measurement for the detection of the depth of small tracer particles distributed in 3-D space. This technique is based on in-line holography and the depth of the particles is measured using the numerically reconstructed images obtained from the convolution based Fresnel Reconstruction formula. The particle depth is measured by determining the distribution of light intensity within a proper rectangular sampling window around the test particle. The sample median, mean and minimum value approach is employed as an averaging technique for the light intensity measured at all pixels within that rectangular sampling window and the position on the z-axis where all these values are minimum is regarded as the depth of that particular test particle. The present method is successfully applied to the hologram pattern with overlapping interference fringes which signifies the applicability of the present method to the flow measurements. 1. Introduction Holography is regarded as a powerful tool for the recording of a 3-D object and the measurement of its shape, displacement, deformation and vibration in various fields of engineering. Holography is a method of recording the light reflected or transmitted from a projected object to a photo-plate in the form of interference pattern. For recording, an object beam and a reference beam are required, and as the result of combining two beams, an interference pattern is made. In the past, the interference patterns were recorded on a film plate. Recent advances in charge-coupled device (CCD) and computer technology have permitted replacing holographic films with CCD arrays and optical reconstruction with computer-driven numerical reconstruction. The use of holography for the diagnostics of small particles can be traced back to late 1960 s (Trolinger et al. 1969). Although powerful, the conventional procedure of holography, which includes film-based recording, wet chemical processing and optical reconstruction, has severely restricted the user friendliness of the holographic imaging technique (Pu and Meng 000; Bishop et al. 001; McIntyre et al. 003). In this regard, digital holography (Yamaguchi and Zhang 1997; Nilsson and Carlsson 1998; Dubois et al. 1999; Yu and Cai 001) which records holograms directly to digital media such as CCD or CMOS sensors and reconstructs the objects numerically looks very promising. Digital holography is referred to as the technique that uses a CCD or CMOS camera to record holographic patterns and performs the reconstruction numerically using a computer. The numerical hologram reconstruction was initiated in the early 1980s (Yaroslavskii and Merzlyakov 1980). Onural and Scott (1987) further improved this reconstruction algorithm and applied it to particle measurements. However, the entire recording and reconstruction of hologram has not been digitalized yet. Schnars and Jüptner (1994) were the first to propose the technique of digital holography for 3-D objects of large volume. They reconstructed the image on a digital computer - 1 -
2 from a hologram pattern observed with a CCD camera and examined the quality of reconstructed images as well as the procedure of fringe analysis for the digitized hologram patterns in detail to show the excellent images obtained by digital image reconstruction using a cubic die. This method now enables digital recording and processing of holograms, without any photographic recording as intermediate step. However, the poor pixel resolution of CCD or CMOS cameras as compared to that of holographic films severely undermines the usefulness of digital holography in densely populated particle fields. In this regard, the main objectives of this paper are to demonstrate the numerical reconstruction process of particles holograms in different planes based on the Fresnel Convolution Scheme (Schnars and Jüptner 00) and to apply the technique of digital image reconstruction to particle depth measurement. The authors have proposed a holographic method for the depth measurement of small particles distributed in 3-D space and have also examined the measurement accuracy of the method. This method based on in-line digital holography has not only the advantage of easy camera setting in experiments but it also gets rid off troublesome process of particle identification afterwards, when compared with a stereoscopic method that is often used for 3D particle tracking velocimetry (3D-PTV) in fluid engineering.. Digital holography fundamentals Digital holography is a technique of holography in which hologram patterns are obtained with an electronic camera, and its image reconstruction is numerically carried out on a digital computer. In the same manner as conventional holography, the digital holography also consists of two stages namely recording and reconstruction stages but since the development of a hologram is not required in digital holography, the procedure is suitable for on-line measurement. Fig. 1 shows hologram recording and image reconstruction in digital holography for a small particle. During the recording stage, an expanded laser beam (a plane reference wave) illuminates the object in the object plane. Then the interference pattern obtained from the interference of this expanded laser beam and the light diffracted from the object, a small particle in this case, is recorded with a CCD or CMOS camera in the hologram plane as shown in Fig. 1(a). In the reconstruction stage of the conventional holography, the same plane reference wave illuminates the recorded hologram and the reconstructed image of the object can be seen at the same distance as between the object and the hologram in the recording phase whereas in the case of the digital holography, this is performed numerically in the computer. Fig 1(b) shows the reconstruction stage of the both holography techniques. d Plane Wave Object Plane Hologram (a) Hologram recording - -
3 z Hologram d Plane Wave Hologram Image Plane (b) Hologram reconstruction.1 Numerical reconstruction Fig. 1 Recording and reconstruction stages of digital holography In this research, the digitally recorded hologram is numerically reconstructed in the computer by using the convolution (CV) approach (Schnars and Jüptner 00). In this approach of reconstruction, the reconstruction wave is defined as the convolution of the product of the reference wave and the digital hologram function with the impulse response function of coherent optical system. Mathematically, the reconstructed wave can be expressed as: * ( η) = [( R ( k, l) h( k, l) ) g ( k, l) ] Γ ξ, (1) where indicates a two-dimensional convolution, R*(k, l) is the conjugate of the plane reference wave R(k, l), h(k, l) is the hologram function and g(k, l) is the numerical impulse response function of the coherent optical system. Application of the convolution theorem to equation (1) yields: 1 ( η) = I { I( h R ) I( g) } Γ ξ, () To save the computation time for the calculation of one Fourier transform, the Fourier transform of g is analytically expressed in equation (3). πd ( g) = G ( n, m) = exp i λ N x λ n + dλ 1 N x N y λ m + dλ N y I (3) Equation () shows that the reconstructed object wave can be calculated first by Fourier transforming the product of the digital hologram and the reference wave. This is then followed by - 3 -
4 multiplying with the Fourier transform of the numerical impulse response function of coherent optical system (g) and taking an inverse Fourier transform of this whole product. Substituting equation (3) into equation (), we get: 1 ( η) = I { I( h R ) G} Γ ξ, (4) This equation (4) is implemented by the authors in this communication for the reconstruction of the recorded hologram. The intensity of the reconstructed hologram is determined by calculating the square of the magnitude of Γ (ξ, η) as given by equation (5). ( ξ, η) = Γ( ξ, η) I (5). Detection of the depth of a particle In the particle tracking based method, particle positions provide measuring positions in 3-D space, so the positions must be accurately measured prior to velocity measurement. If a hologram is recorded by illuminating a particle from left to right by an extended laser beam as shown in Fig. 1(a) then the particle image observed on a hologram is its shade and the light intensity on the shade is lower than that of background (Murata and Yasuda 000). Therefore, on the line passing through the center of axisymmetric fringes and perpendicular to the hologram (z-axis in Fig. 1(b)), the light intensity becomes minimum at the particle depth. So, the particle depth can be measured by detecting the position on the z-axis where the light intensity is minimum. The authors have used the same principle to detect the depth of particles from the reconstructed hologram in this paper. In order to reduce the computing time required, the center of the particle is measured using image processing application software and then the distribution of light intensity is determined within a proper rectangular sampling window which is chosen from the center of that particle. The sample median, mean and minimum intensity value approach is employed as an averaging technique for the light intensity measured at all pixels within that rectangular sampling window. Then the graph is plotted between these values and the distance along the z-axis. The position on the z-axis (zcoordinate) where all these three intensity values of the light intensity (mean, median, minimum intensity) are minimum, gives the depth of the particle. 3. Test Results CMOS Laser Filter To computer Beam expander Particle field Hologram (sensor plane) Fig. Experimental set-up for recording hologram Various optical geometries have been proposed till now for particle analysis using the digital holography. But the simplest and most common optical system for particle analysis is by using the - 4 -
5 collimated laser beam. In this research, a collimated laser beam is expanded and then used to shine the particle field distribution as shown in Fig.. The experiment is carried out using this in-line holography set-up. The digital hologram is recorded by using the small water tank of size 156X81X16 mm 3 which is filled with water and randomly distributed micro Orgasol particles of sizes ~60 µm. He-Ne laser beam having wavelength of 63.8 mm is used to illuminate the water tank for hologram recording. Digital hologram of the particles thus obtained was directly recorded by an 8-bit CMOS camera (Silicon Video 9M001) with 51 X 51 pixels of size 5. µm. This CMOS camera is kept at a distance of 45 mm from the water tank. Fig. 3 depicts a typical hologram of micro-particles recorded using the in-line holography set-up in Fig.. Fig. 3 A recorded typical hologram of particles Test Particle X In focus particle Out of focus particle (a) Intensity image at z = 46 mm Test Particle Y (b) Intensity image at z = 50 mm Fig. 4 Reconstructed images at different z distances - 5 -
6 In this communication, the authors have chosen the convolution approach for reconstruction of the hologram as in this case the pixel size of the reconstructed image is independent of the holographic arrangement parameters and is equal to the size of CCD or CMOS pixel. However, one serious drawback of the convolution method is that it suffers from the interference called wraparound error. In order to avoid this error, the authors have stretched the size of the recorded hologram artificially from 51 X 51 to 104 X 104 by padding zeros around the original image before applying the reconstruction algorithm. Though this increases space and time complexity, the results are free from wrap-around errors. Equations (3), (4) and (5) are used for the numerical reconstruction of hologram. The intensity images of the numerically reconstructed holograms at distances z = 46mm and z = 50 mm are shown in Fig. 4(a) and Fig. 4(b) respectively. In both these images, the in-focus particles appear as sharp black dots while the out-of-focus particles appear as hollow light concentric circles. It can also be noticed that the particles which appear as focused at certain distance are defocused and disappeared when the reconstruction distance is changed. This signifies the possibility of locating each particle individually at different depths using a single recorded hologram. As already discussed in the Section., to detect the depth of the test particle X shown in Fig. 4(a) at first 4X4 rectangular sampling window is chosen such that the test particle is at the center of this sampling window. The sample median, mean and minimum intensity value is then calculated for all the pixels within the same rectangular sampling window. Now, the graph showing the variation of these values with respect to the distances along the z-axis is plotted. The depth of the particle is then given by that z-coordinate at which all these three values of the light intensity become minimum. Fig. 5 shows the graph which shows the variation of the light intensity distribution (in terms of median, mean and minimum) along the z-axis and Table 1 gives the data for the test particle X. From both the graph and the table, it can be clearly observed that test particle X is located at the distance 50 mm from the camera as all the intensity values are minimum at this distance. This result is also verified from the numerically reconstructed images at different z distances. The same process is repeated to find the depths of other remaining particles Median Mean Minimum 80 Intensity Z (Distance) Fig. 5 Light Intensity distribution around the test particle X along z-axis - 6 -
7 Table 1 Light Intensity distribution data for particle X z (Distances) Median Mean Minimum Median Mean Minimum Intensity Z (Distance) Fig. 6 Light Intensity distribution graph and data around the test particle Y along z-axis - 7 -
8 Further, in the similar way as done for test particle X, it can be concluded from Fig. 6 that the another test particle Y is located at the distance 48 mm from the camera as all the intensity values are minimum at this distance. This result is also verified from the numerically reconstructed images at different z distances. Thus, it can be concluded that the present method is useful for the depth measurement of small particles distributed in 3-D space. Once the spatial (x,y,z) coordinates of the particles have been identified in the above mentioned way then any particle tracking algorithm can be used to successfully track the particles. 4. Conclusions In this paper, the method for numerically reconstructing the hologram using convolution method and then the technique to detect the depths of small particles present in the numerically reconstructed holograms is presented. From the test results, it can be concluded that the present method is useful for the depth measurement of small particles distributed in 3-D space. In the current method, the sampling window size is chosen by hit and trial method. If the window size is too large or too small, there may be an error in the depth of the particles. Thus, care should be chosen while selecting the size of the sampling window. It is expected that the better results can be obtained if higher spatial resolution CCD or CMOS camera is used. Further, the current technique is tested only with few numbers of particles. Hence, the authors will make further efforts to improve this algorithm so that it can be used to detect and track the higher number of particles in their future work. References Bishop AI, Littleton BN, Mclntyre TJ, Rubinstein-Dunlop H (001) Near-resonant holographic interferometry of hypersonic flow. Shock Waves, 11:3 9 Dubois F, Joannes L, Legros J (1999) Improved three-dimensional imaging with a digital holography microscope with a source of partial spatial coherence. Applied Optics, 38: McIntyre TJ, Bishop AI, Eichmann TN, Rubinsztein-Dunlop H (003) Enhanced flow visualization using near-resonant holographic interferometry. Applied Optics, 4: Murata S, Yasuda N (000) Potential of digital holography in particle measurement. Optics & Laser Technology, 3: Nilsson B, Carlsson TE (1998) Direct three-dimensional shape measurement by digital light-in-flight holography. Applied Optics, 37: Onural L, Scott PD (1987) Digital decoding of in-line holograms. Optics Engineering, 6: Pu Y, Meng H (000) An advanced off-axis holographic particle image velocimetry _HPIV_ system. Experiments in Fluids, 9: Schnars U, Jüptner W (1994) Direct recording of holograms by a CCD-target and numerical reconstruction. Applied Optics, 33: Schnars U, Jüptner W (00) Digital recording and numerical reconstruction of holograms. Measurement Science and Technology, 13:R85 R101 Trolinger JD, Beltz RA, Farmer WM (1969) Holographic techniques for the study of dynamic particle fields. Applied Optics, 8: Yamaguchi, Zhang T (1997) Phase-shifting digital holography. Optics Letter, : Yaroslavski LP, Merzlyakov NS (1980) Methods of Digital Holography. Consultants Bureau, New York Yu L, Cai L (001) Iterative algorithm with a constraint condition for numerical reconstruction of a threedimensional object from its hologram. Journal of the Optical Society of America A, 18:
In-line digital holographic interferometry
In-line digital holographic interferometry Giancarlo Pedrini, Philipp Fröning, Henrik Fessler, and Hans J. Tiziani An optical system based on in-line digital holography for the evaluation of deformations
More informationParallel Digital Holography Three-Dimensional Image Measurement Technique for Moving Cells
F e a t u r e A r t i c l e Feature Article Parallel Digital Holography Three-Dimensional Image Measurement Technique for Moving Cells Yasuhiro Awatsuji The author invented and developed a technique capable
More informationDesign of a digital holographic interferometer for the. ZaP Flow Z-Pinch
Design of a digital holographic interferometer for the M. P. Ross, U. Shumlak, R. P. Golingo, B. A. Nelson, S. D. Knecht, M. C. Hughes, R. J. Oberto University of Washington, Seattle, USA Abstract The
More informationDIGITAL HOLOGRAPHY USING A PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA
5th International Conference on Mechanics and Materials in Design REF: A0126.0122 DIGITAL HOLOGRAPHY USING A PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA Jaime M. Monteiro 1, Hernani Lopes 2, and Mário A. P. Vaz 3 1 Instituto
More informationG. D. Martin, J. R. Castrejon-Pita and I. M. Hutchings, in Proc 27th Int. Conf. on Digital Printing Technologies, NIP27, Minneapolis, MN, USA, 2011
G. D. Martin, J. R. Castrejon-Pita and I. M. Hutchings, in Proc 27th Int. Conf. on Digital Printing Technologies, NIP27, Minneapolis, MN, USA, 2011 620-623, 'Holographic Measurement of Drop-on-Demand Drops
More informationHolography. Casey Soileau Physics 173 Professor David Kleinfeld UCSD Spring 2011 June 9 th, 2011
Holography Casey Soileau Physics 173 Professor David Kleinfeld UCSD Spring 2011 June 9 th, 2011 I. Introduction Holography is the technique to produce a 3dimentional image of a recording, hologram. In
More informationELECTRONIC HOLOGRAPHY
ELECTRONIC HOLOGRAPHY CCD-camera replaces film as the recording medium. Electronic holography is better suited than film-based holography to quantitative applications including: - phase microscopy - metrology
More informationHolography as a tool for advanced learning of optics and photonics
Holography as a tool for advanced learning of optics and photonics Victor V. Dyomin, Igor G. Polovtsev, Alexey S. Olshukov Tomsk State University 36 Lenin Avenue, Tomsk, 634050, Russia Tel/fax: 7 3822
More informationParticle Image Velocimetry
Markus Raffel Christian E. Willert Steve T. Wereley Jiirgen Kompenhans Particle Image Velocimetry A Practical Guide Second Edition With 288 Figures and 42 Tables < J Springer Contents Preface V 1 Introduction
More informationFRAUNHOFER AND FRESNEL DIFFRACTION IN ONE DIMENSION
FRAUNHOFER AND FRESNEL DIFFRACTION IN ONE DIMENSION Revised November 15, 2017 INTRODUCTION The simplest and most commonly described examples of diffraction and interference from two-dimensional apertures
More informationPhysics 3340 Spring 2005
Physics 3340 Spring 2005 Holography Purpose The goal of this experiment is to learn the basics of holography by making a two-beam transmission hologram. Introduction A conventional photograph registers
More informationLab Report 3: Speckle Interferometry LIN PEI-YING, BAIG JOVERIA
Lab Report 3: Speckle Interferometry LIN PEI-YING, BAIG JOVERIA Abstract: Speckle interferometry (SI) has become a complete technique over the past couple of years and is widely used in many branches of
More informationPhD Thesis. Balázs Gombköt. New possibilities of comparative displacement measurement in coherent optical metrology
PhD Thesis Balázs Gombköt New possibilities of comparative displacement measurement in coherent optical metrology Consultant: Dr. Zoltán Füzessy Professor emeritus Consultant: János Kornis Lecturer BUTE
More informationLOS 1 LASER OPTICS SET
LOS 1 LASER OPTICS SET Contents 1 Introduction 3 2 Light interference 5 2.1 Light interference on a thin glass plate 6 2.2 Michelson s interferometer 7 3 Light diffraction 13 3.1 Light diffraction on a
More informationarxiv: v1 [physics.optics] 2 Nov 2012
arxiv:1211.0336v1 [physics.optics] 2 Nov 2012 Atsushi Shiraki 1, Yusuke Taniguchi 2, Tomoyoshi Shimobaba 2, Nobuyuki Masuda 2,Tomoyoshi Ito 2 1 Deparment of Information and Computer Engineering, Kisarazu
More informationBias errors in PIV: the pixel locking effect revisited.
Bias errors in PIV: the pixel locking effect revisited. E.F.J. Overmars 1, N.G.W. Warncke, C. Poelma and J. Westerweel 1: Laboratory for Aero & Hydrodynamics, University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands,
More informationChapter 4: Fourier Optics
Chapter 4: Fourier Optics P4-1. Calculate the Fourier transform of the function rect(2x)rect(/3) The rectangular function rect(x) is given b 1 x 1/2 rect( x) when 0 x 1/2 P4-2. Assume that ( gx (, )) G
More informationStudy of self-interference incoherent digital holography for the application of retinal imaging
Study of self-interference incoherent digital holography for the application of retinal imaging Jisoo Hong and Myung K. Kim Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, US 33620 ABSTRACT
More informationContouring aspheric surfaces using two-wavelength phase-shifting interferometry
OPTICA ACTA, 1985, VOL. 32, NO. 12, 1455-1464 Contouring aspheric surfaces using two-wavelength phase-shifting interferometry KATHERINE CREATH, YEOU-YEN CHENG and JAMES C. WYANT University of Arizona,
More informationOptical transfer function shaping and depth of focus by using a phase only filter
Optical transfer function shaping and depth of focus by using a phase only filter Dina Elkind, Zeev Zalevsky, Uriel Levy, and David Mendlovic The design of a desired optical transfer function OTF is a
More informationDynamic beam shaping with programmable diffractive optics
Dynamic beam shaping with programmable diffractive optics Bosanta R. Boruah Dept. of Physics, GU Page 1 Outline of the talk Introduction Holography Programmable diffractive optics Laser scanning confocal
More informationOptical Coherence: Recreation of the Experiment of Thompson and Wolf
Optical Coherence: Recreation of the Experiment of Thompson and Wolf David Collins Senior project Department of Physics, California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo June 2010 Abstract The purpose
More informationPhysFest. Holography. Overview
PhysFest Holography Holography (from the Greek, holos whole + graphe writing) is the science of producing holograms, an advanced form of photography that allows an image to be recorded in three dimensions.
More information1 Laboratory 7: Fourier Optics
1051-455-20073 Physical Optics 1 Laboratory 7: Fourier Optics 1.1 Theory: References: Introduction to Optics Pedrottis Chapters 11 and 21 Optics E. Hecht Chapters 10 and 11 The Fourier transform is an
More informationConfocal Imaging Through Scattering Media with a Volume Holographic Filter
Confocal Imaging Through Scattering Media with a Volume Holographic Filter Michal Balberg +, George Barbastathis*, Sergio Fantini % and David J. Brady University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana,
More informationINTRODUCTION TO MODERN DIGITAL HOLOGRAPHY
INTRODUCTION TO MODERN DIGITAL HOLOGRAPHY With MATLAB Get up to speed with digital holography with this concise and straightforward introduction to modern techniques and conventions. Building up from the
More informationGerhard K. Ackermann and Jurgen Eichler. Holography. A Practical Approach BICENTENNIAL. WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA
Gerhard K. Ackermann and Jurgen Eichler Holography A Practical Approach BICENTENNIAL BICENTENNIAL WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA Contents Preface XVII Part 1 Fundamentals of Holography 1 1 Introduction
More informationTesting Aspheric Lenses: New Approaches
Nasrin Ghanbari OPTI 521 - Synopsis of a published Paper November 5, 2012 Testing Aspheric Lenses: New Approaches by W. Osten, B. D orband, E. Garbusi, Ch. Pruss, and L. Seifert Published in 2010 Introduction
More informationR.B.V.R.R. WOMEN S COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) Narayanaguda, Hyderabad.
R.B.V.R.R. WOMEN S COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) Narayanaguda, Hyderabad. DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS QUESTION BANK FOR SEMESTER III PAPER III OPTICS UNIT I: 1. MATRIX METHODS IN PARAXIAL OPTICS 2. ABERATIONS UNIT II
More informationFourier Transformation Hologram Experiment using Liquid Crystal Display. Kenji MISUMI, Yoshikiyo KASHII, Mikio MIMURA (Received September 30, 1999)
Mem. Fac. Eng., Osaka City Univ., Vol. 40, pp. 85-91 (1999) Fourier Transformation Hologram Experiment using Liquid Crystal Display Kenji MISUMI, Yoshikiyo KASHII, Mikio MIMURA (Received September 30,
More informationHolography at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory: Creating a Digital Hologram
Holography at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory: Creating a Digital Hologram by Karl K. Klett, Jr., Neal Bambha, and Justin Bickford ARL-TR-6299 September 2012 Approved for public release; distribution
More informationStudy of Graded Index and Truncated Apertures Using Speckle Images
Study of Graded Index and Truncated Apertures Using Speckle Images A. M. Hamed Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566 Egypt amhamed73@hotmail.com Abstract- In this
More informationA high-resolution fringe printer for studying synthetic holograms
Publication : SPIE Proc. Practical Holography XX: Materials and Applications, SPIE#6136, San Jose, 347 354(2006). 1 A high-resolution fringe printer for studying synthetic holograms K. Matsushima a, S.
More informationHolography. Introduction
Holography Introduction Holography is the technique of using monochromatic light sources to produce 3D images on photographic film or specially designed plates. In this experiment you will learn about
More informationImaging Systems Laboratory II. Laboratory 8: The Michelson Interferometer / Diffraction April 30 & May 02, 2002
1051-232 Imaging Systems Laboratory II Laboratory 8: The Michelson Interferometer / Diffraction April 30 & May 02, 2002 Abstract. In the last lab, you saw that coherent light from two different locations
More informationRecording and reconstruction of holograms
Recording and reconstruction of holograms LEP Related topics Dispersion, reflection, object beam, reference beam, real and virtual image, volume hologram, Lippmann-Bragg hologram, Bragg reflection. Principle
More informationSection 2 ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENTS
Section 2 ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENTS 2.A High-Power Laser Interferometry Central to the uniformity issue is the need to determine the factors that control the target-plane intensity distribution
More informationTesting Aspherics Using Two-Wavelength Holography
Reprinted from APPLIED OPTICS. Vol. 10, page 2113, September 1971 Copyright 1971 by the Optical Society of America and reprinted by permission of the copyright owner Testing Aspherics Using Two-Wavelength
More informationSensitive measurement of partial coherence using a pinhole array
1.3 Sensitive measurement of partial coherence using a pinhole array Paul Petruck 1, Rainer Riesenberg 1, Richard Kowarschik 2 1 Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, 07747 Jena,
More informationMeasurements of Droplets Spatial Distribution in Spray by Combining Focus and Defocus Images
Measurements of Droplets Spatial Distribution in Spray by Combining Focus and Defocus Images Kentaro HAASHI 1*, Mitsuhisa ICHIANAGI 2, Koichi HISHIDA 3 1: Dept. of System Design Engineering, Keio University,
More informationHIGH-SPEED TIME AVERAGE DIGITAL HOLOGRAPHY FOR NDT OF CURVED SANDWICH STRUCTURES
Proceedings of the National Seminar & Exhibition on Non-Destructive Evaluation NDE 2011, December 8-10, 2011 HIGH-SPEED TIME AVERAGE DIGITAL HOLOGRAPHY FOR NDT OF CURVED SANDWICH STRUCTURES Binu P. Thomas
More informationModule 5: Experimental Modal Analysis for SHM Lecture 36: Laser doppler vibrometry. The Lecture Contains: Laser Doppler Vibrometry
The Lecture Contains: Laser Doppler Vibrometry Basics of Laser Doppler Vibrometry Components of the LDV system Working with the LDV system file:///d /neha%20backup%20courses%2019-09-2011/structural_health/lecture36/36_1.html
More informationHOLOGRAPHY EXPERIMENT 25. Equipment List:-
EXPERIMENT 25 HOLOGRAPHY Equipment List:- (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) Holography camera and plate holders Laser/beam lamp and assembly Shutter on stand Light meter Objects to make holographs of Holographic
More informationPixel size and pitch measurements of liquid crystal spatial light modulator by optical diffraction
PRAMANA c Indian Academy of Sciences Vol. 65, No. 2 journal of August 2005 physics pp. 291 296 Pixel size and pitch measurements of liquid crystal spatial light modulator by optical diffraction RAVINDER
More informationThree-dimensional quantitative phase measurement by Commonpath Digital Holographic Microscopy
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Physics Procedia 19 (2011) 291 295 International Conference on Optics in Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology Three-dimensional quantitative phase measurement
More informationGENERALISED PHASE DIVERSITY WAVEFRONT SENSING 1 ABSTRACT 1. INTRODUCTION
GENERALISED PHASE DIVERSITY WAVEFRONT SENSING 1 Heather I. Campbell Sijiong Zhang Aurelie Brun 2 Alan H. Greenaway Heriot-Watt University, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Edinburgh EH14 4AS
More information648. Measurement of trajectories of piezoelectric actuators with laser Doppler vibrometer
648. Measurement of trajectories of piezoelectric actuators with laser Doppler vibrometer V. Grigaliūnas, G. Balčiūnas, A.Vilkauskas Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania E-mail: valdas.grigaliunas@ktu.lt
More informationOptical Signal Processing
Optical Signal Processing ANTHONY VANDERLUGT North Carolina State University Raleigh, North Carolina A Wiley-Interscience Publication John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York / Chichester / Brisbane / Toronto
More informationStereoscopic Hologram
Stereoscopic Hologram Joonku Hahn Kyungpook National University Outline: 1. Introduction - Basic structure of holographic display - Wigner distribution function 2. Design of Stereoscopic Hologram - Optical
More informationExp No.(8) Fourier optics Optical filtering
Exp No.(8) Fourier optics Optical filtering Fig. 1a: Experimental set-up for Fourier optics (4f set-up). Related topics: Fourier transforms, lenses, Fraunhofer diffraction, index of refraction, Huygens
More informationCompressive Through-focus Imaging
PIERS ONLINE, VOL. 6, NO. 8, 788 Compressive Through-focus Imaging Oren Mangoubi and Edwin A. Marengo Yale University, USA Northeastern University, USA Abstract Optical sensing and imaging applications
More informationCOMPOSITE MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES TESTING BY ELECTRONIC HOLOGRAPHY
COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES TESTING BY ELECTRONIC HOLOGRAPHY Dan N. Borza 1 1 Laboratoire de Mécanique de Rouen, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Rouen Place Blondel, BP 08, Mont-Saint-Aignan,
More informationA STUDY ON THE VIBRATION CHARACTERISTICS OF CFRP COMPOSITE MATERIALS USING TIME- AVERAGE ESPI
A STUDY ON THE VIBRATION CHARACTERISTICS OF CFRP COMPOSITE MATERIALS USING TIME- AVERAGE ESPI Authors: K.-M. Hong, Y.-J. Kang, S.-J. Kim, A. Kim, I.-Y. Choi, J.-H. Park, C.-W. Cho DOI: 10.12684/alt.1.66
More informationComputer Generated Holograms for Optical Testing
Computer Generated Holograms for Optical Testing Dr. Jim Burge Associate Professor Optical Sciences and Astronomy University of Arizona jburge@optics.arizona.edu 520-621-8182 Computer Generated Holograms
More informationOptical Information Processing. Adolf W. Lohmann. Edited by Stefan Sinzinger. Ch>
Optical Information Processing Adolf W. Lohmann Edited by Stefan Sinzinger Ch> Universitätsverlag Ilmenau 2006 Contents Preface to the 2006 edition 13 Preface to the third edition 15 Preface volume 1 17
More informationSENSOR+TEST Conference SENSOR 2009 Proceedings II
B8.4 Optical 3D Measurement of Micro Structures Ettemeyer, Andreas; Marxer, Michael; Keferstein, Claus NTB Interstaatliche Hochschule für Technik Buchs Werdenbergstr. 4, 8471 Buchs, Switzerland Introduction
More informationMASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Mechanical Engineering Department. 2.71/2.710 Final Exam. May 21, Duration: 3 hours (9 am-12 noon)
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Mechanical Engineering Department 2.71/2.710 Final Exam May 21, 2013 Duration: 3 hours (9 am-12 noon) CLOSED BOOK Total pages: 5 Name: PLEASE RETURN THIS BOOKLET WITH
More informationlll lll a lldl DID lll DIII DD llll uui lll DIV 1101 lll ld ll Dl lli
lll lll a lldl DID lll DIII DD llll uui lll DIV 1101 lll ld ll Dl lli US 20130301093A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2013/0301093 Al Awatsuji et al. (43) Pub.
More informationResearch Article A Polymer Film Dye Laser with Spatially Modulated Emission Controlled by Transversely Distributed Pumping
Optical Technologies Volume 2016, Article ID 1548927, 4 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1548927 Research Article A Polymer Film Dye Laser with Spatially Modulated Emission Controlled by Transversely
More informationPhysics 3340 Spring Fourier Optics
Physics 3340 Spring 011 Purpose Fourier Optics In this experiment we will show how the Fraunhofer diffraction pattern or spatial Fourier transform of an object can be observed within an optical system.
More informationMulti-frequency and multiple phase-shift sinusoidal fringe projection for 3D profilometry
Multi-frequency and multiple phase-shift sinusoidal fringe projection for 3D profilometry E. B. Li College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin Universit Tianjin 30007, P. R.
More informationAbstract. Keywords: Mach-Zehnder, Digital off axis Holography, Lens-less imaging, 3D position measurement.
Abstract J. Guhathakurta, W. Li, S. Simon Institute for Parallel and Distributed Systems (IPVS), Department of Parallel Systems Universitätsstr. 38, 70569 Stuttgart, Jajnabalkya.Guhathakurta@ipvs.uni-stuttgart.de
More informationCopyright 2000 Society of Photo Instrumentation Engineers.
Copyright 2000 Society of Photo Instrumentation Engineers. This paper was published in SPIE Proceedings, Volume 4043 and is made available as an electronic reprint with permission of SPIE. One print or
More informationReconstruction of Fresnel holograms using partial wave front information
Reconstruction of Fresnel holograms using partial wave front information R. Tudela, E. Martín-Badosa, I. Labastida, S. Vallmitjana and A. Carnicer Departament de Física Aplicada i Òptica. Universitat de
More informationLaser Beam Analysis Using Image Processing
Journal of Computer Science 2 (): 09-3, 2006 ISSN 549-3636 Science Publications, 2006 Laser Beam Analysis Using Image Processing Yas A. Alsultanny Computer Science Department, Amman Arab University for
More information7 CHAPTER 7: REFRACTIVE INDEX MEASUREMENTS WITH COMMON PATH PHASE SENSITIVE FDOCT SETUP
7 CHAPTER 7: REFRACTIVE INDEX MEASUREMENTS WITH COMMON PATH PHASE SENSITIVE FDOCT SETUP Abstract: In this chapter we describe the use of a common path phase sensitive FDOCT set up. The phase measurements
More informationFocus detection in digital holography by cross-sectional images of propagating waves
Focus detection in digital holography by cross-sectional images of propagating waves Meriç Özcan Sabancı University Electronics Engineering Tuzla, İstanbul 34956, Turkey STRCT In digital holography, computing
More informationDetectionofMicrostrctureofRoughnessbyOpticalMethod
Global Journal of Researches in Engineering Chemical Engineering Volume 1 Issue Version 1.0 Year 01 Type: Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals Inc. (USA)
More informationUse of Computer Generated Holograms for Testing Aspheric Optics
Use of Computer Generated Holograms for Testing Aspheric Optics James H. Burge and James C. Wyant Optical Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 http://www.optics.arizona.edu/jcwyant,
More informationLec. 26, Thursday, April 15 Chapter 14: Holography. Hologram
Lec. 26, Thursday, April 15 Chapter 14: Holography We are here How to make a hologram Clever observations about holograms Integral hologram White light hologram Supplemental material: CCD imaging Digital
More information3/23/2015. Chapter 11 Oscillations and Waves. Contents of Chapter 11. Contents of Chapter Simple Harmonic Motion Spring Oscillations
Lecture PowerPoints Chapter 11 Physics: Principles with Applications, 7 th edition Giancoli Chapter 11 and Waves This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for the use
More informationSemiconductor wafer defect detection using digital holography
Semiconductor wafer defect detection using digital holography Mark A. Schulze, Martin A. Hunt, Edgar Voelkl, Joel D. Hickson, William Usry, Randall G. Smith, Robert Bryant, C. E. (Tommy) Thomas Jr. nline
More informationA Method for a Faithful Reconstruction of an Off-Axis Type Ultrasound Holography
A Method for a Faithful Reconstruction of an Off-Axis Type Ultrasound Holography Masahiro Ueda and Kenzo Ieyasu Department of Electronic Engineering, Ehime University: Matsuyama, Ehime 790 Japan Abstract
More informationCoding & Signal Processing for Holographic Data Storage. Vijayakumar Bhagavatula
Coding & Signal Processing for Holographic Data Storage Vijayakumar Bhagavatula Acknowledgements Venkatesh Vadde Mehmet Keskinoz Sheida Nabavi Lakshmi Ramamoorthy Kevin Curtis, Adrian Hill & Mark Ayres
More informationattosnom I: Topography and Force Images NANOSCOPY APPLICATION NOTE M06 RELATED PRODUCTS G
APPLICATION NOTE M06 attosnom I: Topography and Force Images Scanning near-field optical microscopy is the outstanding technique to simultaneously measure the topography and the optical contrast of a sample.
More informationNew Phase Shifting Algorithms Insensitive to Linear Phase Shift Errors J. Novák
New Phase Shifting Algorithms Insensitive to Linear Phase Shift Errors J. Novák This article describes and analyses multistep algorithms for evaluating of the wave field phase in interferometric measurements
More informationEE119 Introduction to Optical Engineering Spring 2003 Final Exam. Name:
EE119 Introduction to Optical Engineering Spring 2003 Final Exam Name: SID: CLOSED BOOK. THREE 8 1/2 X 11 SHEETS OF NOTES, AND SCIENTIFIC POCKET CALCULATOR PERMITTED. TIME ALLOTTED: 180 MINUTES Fundamental
More informationBasics of Holography
Basics of Holography Basics of Holography is an introduction to the subject written by a leading worker in the field. The first part of the book covers the theory of holographic imaging, the characteristics
More informationTwo-step-only phase-shifting interferometry with optimized detector bandwidth for microscopy of live cells
Two-step-only phase-shifting interferometry with optimized detector bandwidth for microscopy of live cells Natan T. Shaked*, Yizheng Zhu, Matthew T. Rinehart, and Adam Wax Department of Biomedical Engineering,
More informationThis document is downloaded from DR-NTU, Nanyang Technological University Library, Singapore.
This document is downloaded from DR-NTU, Nanyang Technological University Library, Singapore. Title Some new developments in optical dynamic testing Author(s) Fu, Yu; Phua, Poh Boon Citation Fu, Y., &
More informationAnalysis of PIV photographs using holographic lenses in an anamorphic white light Fourier processor configuration
Analysis of PIV photographs using holographic lenses in an anamorphic white light Fourier processor configuration M. V. Collados 1, J. Atencia 2, A. M. Villamarín 2, M. P. Arroyo 2, M. Quintanilla 2 1
More informationPhysics 431 Final Exam Examples (3:00-5:00 pm 12/16/2009) TIME ALLOTTED: 120 MINUTES Name: Signature:
Physics 431 Final Exam Examples (3:00-5:00 pm 12/16/2009) TIME ALLOTTED: 120 MINUTES Name: PID: Signature: CLOSED BOOK. TWO 8 1/2 X 11 SHEET OF NOTES (double sided is allowed), AND SCIENTIFIC POCKET CALCULATOR
More informationLaser Telemetric System (Metrology)
Laser Telemetric System (Metrology) Laser telemetric system is a non-contact gauge that measures with a collimated laser beam (Refer Fig. 10.26). It measure at the rate of 150 scans per second. It basically
More informationSynthetic aperture single-exposure on-axis digital holography
Synthetic aperture single-exposure on-axis digital holography Lluís Martínez-León 1 * and Bahram Javidi Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, 0669-157 Storrs, Connecticut,
More informationHolography (A13) Christopher Bronner, Frank Essenberger Freie Universität Berlin Tutor: Dr. Fidder. July 1, 2007 Experiment on July 2, 2007
Holography (A13) Christopher Bronner, Frank Essenberger Freie Universität Berlin Tutor: Dr. Fidder July 1, 2007 Experiment on July 2, 2007 1 Preparation 1.1 Normal camera If we take a picture with a camera,
More informationA Study of Vibrating Objects using Time-Average Holographic Interferometry
A Study of Vibrating Objects using Time-Average Holographic Interferometry Daniel L. Utley Physics Department, The College of Wooster, Wooster, Ohio 44691 May 02 2004 Time-Average holographic interferometry
More informationRotation/ scale invariant hybrid digital/optical correlator system for automatic target recognition
Rotation/ scale invariant hybrid digital/optical correlator system for automatic target recognition V. K. Beri, Amit Aran, Shilpi Goyal, and A. K. Gupta * Photonics Division Instruments Research and Development
More informationSIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO EFFECTS ON APERTURE SYNTHESIS FOR DIGITAL HOLOGRAPHIC LADAR
SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO EFFECTS ON APERTURE SYNTHESIS FOR DIGITAL HOLOGRAPHIC LADAR Thesis Submitted to The School of Engineering of the UNIVERSITY OF DAYTON In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for
More informationIMAGING TECHNIQUES FOR MEASURING PARTICLE SIZE SSA AND GSV
IMAGING TECHNIQUES FOR MEASURING PARTICLE SIZE SSA AND GSV APPLICATION NOTE SSA-001 (A4) Particle Sizing through Imaging TSI provides several optical techniques for measuring particle size. Two of the
More informationDiffraction, Fourier Optics and Imaging
1 Diffraction, Fourier Optics and Imaging 1.1 INTRODUCTION When wave fields pass through obstacles, their behavior cannot be simply described in terms of rays. For example, when a plane wave passes through
More informationEE119 Introduction to Optical Engineering Spring 2002 Final Exam. Name:
EE119 Introduction to Optical Engineering Spring 2002 Final Exam Name: SID: CLOSED BOOK. FOUR 8 1/2 X 11 SHEETS OF NOTES, AND SCIENTIFIC POCKET CALCULATOR PERMITTED. TIME ALLOTTED: 180 MINUTES Fundamental
More informationDETECTION OF THERMAL DEFORMATION ON ARTIFICIAL TOOTH USING HOLOGRAPHIC INTERFEROMETRY SINGLE EXPOSURE TECHNIQUE ABSTRACT
DETECTION OF THERMAL DEFORMATION ON ARTIFICIAL TOOTH USING HOLOGRAPHIC INTERFEROMETRY SINGLE EXPOSURE TECHNIQUE Retna Apsari1*, Noriah Bidin2>, Suhariningsih1*, Yhosep Ghita Y.1, Win Darmanto3)!) Physics
More informationOptimization of Existing Centroiding Algorithms for Shack Hartmann Sensor
Proceeding of the National Conference on Innovative Computational Intelligence & Security Systems Sona College of Technology, Salem. Apr 3-4, 009. pp 400-405 Optimization of Existing Centroiding Algorithms
More informationIntroduction course in particle image velocimetry
Introduction course in particle image velocimetry Olle Törnblom March 3, 24 Introduction Particle image velocimetry (PIV) is a technique which enables instantaneous measurement of the flow velocity at
More informationCriteria for Optical Systems: Optical Path Difference How do we determine the quality of a lens system? Several criteria used in optical design
Criteria for Optical Systems: Optical Path Difference How do we determine the quality of a lens system? Several criteria used in optical design Computer Aided Design Several CAD tools use Ray Tracing (see
More informationLow-energy Electron Diffractive Imaging for Three dimensional Light-element Materials
Low-energy Electron Diffractive Imaging for Three dimensional Light-element Materials Hitachi Review Vol. 61 (2012), No. 6 269 Osamu Kamimura, Ph. D. Takashi Dobashi OVERVIEW: Hitachi has been developing
More informationDIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING (COM-3371) Week 2 - January 14, 2002
DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING (COM-3371) Week 2 - January 14, 22 Topics: Human eye Visual phenomena Simple image model Image enhancement Point processes Histogram Lookup tables Contrast compression and stretching
More informationWill contain image distance after raytrace Will contain image height after raytrace
Name: LASR 51 Final Exam May 29, 2002 Answer all questions. Module numbers are for guidance, some material is from class handouts. Exam ends at 8:20 pm. Ynu Raytracing The first questions refer to the
More informationUsing double-exposure holographic techniques to evaluate the deformation of an aluminum can under stress
Using double-exposure holographic techniques to evaluate the deformation of an aluminum can under stress Maggie Lankford Physics Department, The College of Wooster, Wooster, Ohio 44691, USA (Dated: December
More informationProceedings of Meetings on Acoustics
Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics Volume 19, 2013 http://acousticalsociety.org/ ICA 2013 Montreal Montreal, Canada 2-7 June 2013 Signal Processing in Acoustics Session 1pSPa: Nearfield Acoustical Holography
More information