TAPPI Press. April 17 20, 2005 Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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1 TAPPI Press TAPPI Coating Conference And Exhibit 2005 April 17 20, 2005 Toronto, Ontario, Canada Printed from e-media with permission by: Curran Associates, Inc. 57 Morehouse Lane Red Hook, NY ISBN: Some format issues inherent in the e-media version may also appear in this print version.

2 TAPPI is the leading technical association for the worldwide pulp, paper, and converting industry. TAPPI S FOCUS FOR SUCCESS TAPPI S MISSION...to engage the people and resources of our Association in providing technically sound solutions to the workplace problems and opportunities that challenge our current and future members. TAPPI S VISION...is to make a significant difference in the professional lives of our members. TAPPI provides its members rapid access to: the largest international group of technically experienced people in the industry the most comprehensive collection of reliable technical information and knowledge in the industry the highest quality products and services created to meet the needs of people who solve technical problems in the industry. To learn more about TAPPI, call us at (U.S.), (Canada) or (International). Or, visit our website at TAPPI EVENTS ONLINE TAPPI PRESS ONLINE BOOKSTORE STATEMENT OF COPYRIGHT Statements of fact and opinion expressed in TAPPI publications are those of the authors and TAPPI assumes no responsibility for them; they are not intended nor should they be construed as solicitation of or suggestion by TAPPI for any agreed-upon course of conduct or concerted action of any kind. Within the context of this work, the author(s) may use as examples specific manufacturers of equipment. This does not imply that these manufacturers are the only or best sources of the equipment or that TAPPI endorses them in any way. The presentation of such material by TAPPI should not be construed as an endorsement of or suggestion for any agreed upon course of conduct or concerted action. Copyright 2005 by TAPPI. All rights reserved. To obtain copyright permission to photocopy pages from this publication for internal or personal use, contact Copyright Clearance Center, Inc.(CCC) via their website at If you have questions about the copyright permission request process, please contact CCC by phone at To obtain copyright permission to use excerpts from an article in another published work, send your specific request directly to the author. Order number: Coating CD-05 ISBN: TAPPI 15 Technology Parkway South, Norcross, GA USA (U.S.) (Canada) (International) Copyright 2005 by TAPPI PRESS. All Rights Reserved.

3 2005 TAPPI Coating Conference and Exhibit Table of Contents SESSION 2: COATING STRUCTURE I 1 Enhanced Performance Through Multilayer Coating Anthony G. Hiorns, Dawn Kent and John Parsons 13 Application of Photoacoustic Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy to Paper Coatings for Coat Weight Measurement in Paper Coatings Enriched with Organic Polymers Ravi Mukkamala, James T. Brown and Francis Acholla 22 Effect of Pigment Properties on Coating Structure as Measured by AFM Sabina Nelida Di Risio and Ning Yan SESSION 6: COATING STRUCTURE II 36 Three Dimensional Observation of Coated Paper by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy Douglas W. Bousfield, Yashushi Ozaki and Stephen M. Shaler 48 Development of Image Analysis for the Measurement of Internal Properties of Coated Paper by X-Ray Microtomography Yusuke Kondo and Cyrus K. Aidun 56 Novel Method for Quantitative Starch Penetration Analysis Through Iodine Staining and Image Analysis of Cross-Sections of Uncoated Paper and Board Timo Lappalainen, Tiina Solasaari and Juha Lipponen 74 Reflectometry and Polarized Light for Studies of Paper Coating Structure Nick J. Elton and Janet S. Preston 104 The Impact of Pore Network Structure on the Absorption of Inkjet Inks Patrick A. C. Gane and Catherine Ridgway SESSION 8: COATING PROCESSES 119 Effect of Chemical Surface Treatment and Calender Parameters on the Two-Sidedness of SC Paper Juha Lipponen, Jussi Jaaskelainen, Anne Maria Kuusisto-Rajala, Hannu Latti, Magnus Ljung and Jyri Huppunen 123 Bent Blade Runnability of Double Coated SBS Paperboard Ronald E. Hostetler

4 144 Effect of Drying Conditions on the Development of Binder Strength in Double Coated SBS Paperboard Ronald E. Hostetler, Daniel Pelletier and Charles Cloutier 158 An Attempt to Rationalize the Roughness Change in the Soft Nip Calendering of Coated Papers Ramin R. Farnood and V. Litvinov 168 Quality Performance Using Increased Moisture Content at the Reel with Woodfree Coatings Amy Dimmick and Kimmo Huhtala SESSION 10: TRAINING SESSION 2 - COATING BINDERS 188 Training Session 2 - Coating Binders Peter C. Hayes 199 Training Session 2 - Coating Binders Detlev D. Glittenberg SESSION 12: COATING MATERIALS 230 High-Strength Coating Binders Based on Molecular Design of Styrene-Butadiene-Acrylontrile Latices Jaclyn C. Laurich, Nick G. Triantafillopoulos, Carla McBain and Rob Holmes 248 Influence of Binder Variables on Coating Consolidation Rates Measured Under Dynamic Conditions Peter C. Hayes 266 Coating Trial Results with Non-Mineral Based Pigments Juha S. Saari, Kirsi Kataja, Lauri Kuutti, Hannu Mikkonen, Soili Peltonen, Pia K. Qvintus-Leino and Margaret K. Joyce SESSION 14: DIGITAL PRINTING PANEL DISCUSSION 272 Digital Printing Insight - Where Is It Going? Frank Romano 273 High Speed Ink-Jet Printing David D. Hatfield

5 SESSION 16: COATING MATERIALS CIG LUNCH AND LEARN 274 A Review of Photographic Ink Jet Media, Types, Structure and Performance Thomas P. Nicholas 275 Properties and Performance Attributes Between Coated Papers in North America, Europe and Asia Peter Burri SESSION 17: LOW IMPACT COATING 276 Effect of Coating Method on Paper Surface Characteristics - A Comparison Between Blade, Film, and Curtain-Coating Isabel Endres and Martin Tietz 288 Reshaping Coated Paper Production in N. A. With Film Coating Sergio A. Giuste 301 New Development Results of Curtain Coating for Various Paper Grades Sergio A. Giuste, Bernd Bohnenkamp, Martin Tietz and Michael Trefz 311 Key Attributes and Opportunities of Multilayer Curtain Coating for Paper Robert Urscheler, Francis Dobler, John A. Roper, Jouni Haavisto and Timo Nurmiainen SESSION 18: COATING MATERIALS CIG PANEL DISCUSSION - ADVANCES IN COATING PIGMENTS 327 Advances in Coating Pigment Technology: Introduction Prakash B. Malla 328 Shape and Size Engineering of Kaolin Pigments for Improved Coated Paper Performance Rajan R. Iyer 329 The Future of Calcium Carbonate: A Short Overview of Developments Patrick A. C. Gane 337 Precipitated Calcium Carbonate Douglas W. Donigian 338 A Novel Talc Pigment for Paper Coatings Matthew S. Centa and Shripal Sharma 344 Rating Performance of TIO2 Pigments in Coated Paper Applications Robert W. Johnson 345 From Early Version to Prototypes - Advances in Plastic Pigments Ravi Mukkamala

6 346 Pigment Applications Trend in Ink Jet Photographic Media Thomas P. Nicholas SESSION 23: TAGA SESSION 347 Observations of the Ink Penetration in the Coated Paper by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope Yashushi Ozaki, Douglas W. Bousfield and Stephen M. Shaler 348 Physical Properties of LWC Papers and Gravure Ink Mileage Renmei Xu, Alexandra Pekarovicova, Paul D. Fleming, III and Valery Bliznyuk 357 Interactions Between UV Curing, Hybrid and Sheetfed Offset Inks and Coated Paper - Laboratory and Commercial Printing Sanna M. Rousu, Jan Gustafsson, Janet S. Preston and Peter J. Heard SESSION 27: PRINTABILITY 358 Tack and Gloss Dynamics of Double Coated Samples Douglas W. Bousfield, Douglas W. Donigian, Amy C. Dimmick and Yang Xiang 371 Print Mottle Reduction Through Clay Engineering and Pore Structuring in Paper Coating Deqiang Ma, R. Douglas Carter, Ph.D., Ching-Yih Chen and Robert E. Hardy, Ph.D. 383 Interactions of Styrene Maelic Anhydride Imide Resin in Paper Coating for Inkjet Application and its Influence on Wet Coating Structure J. Sreekumar, Mohini M. Sain, Ph.D., Ramin R. Farnood and William Dougherty