Development of feeder messenger catenary with the auxiliary wire

Transcription

1 Development of feeder messenger catenary with the auxiliary wire K. Nishi, Y. Sato & T. Shimada Railway Technical Research Institute, Japan Abstract Feeders are a standard installation of DC electrified railways in Japan in order to complement the electric capacity of contact wires. Recently in metropolitan area in Japan, the installed area of the feeder messenger catenary system that has the function of feeder in messenger has been expanded. Then we developed a new feeder messenger catenary system with the auxiliary wire that has the function in which the contact wire is hard to break. For this purpose, we investigated the best structure of this catenary system first and simulated electric performance. Then we performed running tests by using a pantograph installed on the current collection testing equipment of our institute and evaluated the current collecting performance of the new system. From the results of these tests, it has been proved that there are no problems in its current collecting performance up to 150km/h. Keywords: feeder messenger, auxiliary wire, tension shift. 1 Introduction Now in 1,500V DC electrified railways of metropolitan area in Japan, the installed area of feeder messenger catenary system that has the function of feeder in messenger has been expanded. In this catenary system, the number of parts can be reduced because messenger has the function of feeder [1]. However, it is apprehended the contact wires of this system may be broken like those of conventional catenary system when their residual diameter becomes small [2]. Therefore, we devised a new catenary system that has an auxiliary wire. In the overhead line equipment proposed here, the tension of contact wire shifts to the connected auxiliary wire to prevent it from breaking when its residual diameter has become small. We examined the electrical performance and performed

2 846 Computers in Railways IX computer simulation to determine the optimum structure of this system that uses a hard-drawn copper stranded wire PH 590mm 2 as the messenger wire, PH 150mm 2 as the auxiliary wire and a bronze wire GTM170mm 2 as the contact wire. For this overhead contact line structure, we performed running tests by using a pantograph installed on the current collection testing equipment of our institute and evaluated its current collecting performance. Based on the test results, we have confirmed that the contact loss rate is less than 1% up to 150km/h and proved that there are no problems in the quality of current collection. We have also confirmed through measurement that the tension of the contact wire shifts to the auxiliary wire when its residual diameter becomes small. Then, it is proved that the contact wire does not easily break. As a result, we found the possibility of this catenary system to be put into practical use. 2 Structure and feature of the proposed catenary system The features of this catenary system are described below. An auxiliary wire is installed between the feeder messenger and the contact wire that is connected to the auxiliary wire with ears. Then, tension shifts from the contact wire to the auxiliary wire when the residual diameter of the contact wire becomes small or the contact wire has been softened by arcs and Joule heat. Therefore, the contact wire does not easily break and improves the reliability of this catenary system. This catenary system is classified into the following three types. First we define composite type which makes the auxiliary wire contacts the contact wire (Figure 1). auxiliary wire pull-off arm feeder messenger hanger 5m contact wire Figure 1: Composite type feeder messenger catenary. ear feeder messenger pull-off arm auxiliary wire hanger 50mm 5m contact wire Figure 2: Hanger form compound type feeder messenger catenary.

3 Computers in Railways IX 847 Second we define compound type which connects the auxiliary wire with the contact wire by keeping a distance of 50mm in between. We classify the structures of these two compound types into two. One is the structure that connects the auxiliary wire with the messenger by hangers, which we define as the hanger form compound type (Figure 2). The other is the structure that connects the auxiliary wire with dropper, which we define as the dropper form compound type (Figure 3). ear feeder messenger pull-off arm auxiliary wire dropper 50mm 5m contact wire Figure 3: Dropper form compound type feeder messenger catenary. 3 Analysis of the quality of current collection 3.1 Catenary composition By computer simulation, we calculated the contact loss rate in each feeder messenger catenary form in Figures 1~3. Table 1(a) and (b) show the catenary composition for which we performed simulation. We chose two combinations of wires in order that current capacity and voltage drop between substations below the specified value. A PH590mm 2 wire is used for the messenger and a PH150mm 2 for the auxiliary wire to improve the quality of current collection in a combination and a PH356mm 2 wire, which is generally used in Japan, for the messenger wire and the auxiliary wire for to make construction easier in other combination. Moreover, the simulation was performed under different conditions for comparison. Table 1 (a): Simulation condition for catenary composition. Composition PH356mm 2 2 PH730mm 2 PH590mm 2 Composite type Feeder messenger PH356mm 2 2 PH730mm 2 1 PH590mm 2 Tension of feeder messenger 39.2kN 39.2kN 39.2kN Auxiliary wire PH150mm 2 Tension of auxiliary wire 4.9kN Contact wire GTMSn170mm 2 GTMSn170mm 2 GTMSn170mm 2 Tension of contact wire 14.7kN 14.7kN 9.8kN System height 850mm 850mm 850mm Interval of dropper Interval of hanger 5m 5m 5m

4 848 Computers in Railways IX Table 1 (b): Simulation condition for catenary composition. Compositiion PH356mm 2 PH590mm 2 PH356mm 2 Composite type Compound type Compound type Feeder messenger PH356mm 2 PH590mm 2 PH356mm 2 Tension of feeder messenger 39.2kN 39.2kN 39.2kN Auxiliary wire PH356mm 2 PH150mm 2 PH356mm 2 Tension of auxiliary wire 4.9kN 4.9kN 4.9kN Contact wire GTMSn170mm 2 GTMSn170mm 2 GTMSn170mm 2 Tension of contact wire 9.8kN 9.8kN 9.8kN System height 850mm 910mm 910mm Interval of dropper 10m 10m Interval of hanger 5m 5m 5m 3.2 Simulation results (a) Contact loss rate Figure 4 shows the simulation results of contact loss rate in each catenary composition. The catenary composition whose contact loss rate exceeds the allowable value of 5% in DC electrified railways is only the composite type composed of a PH356mm 2 messenger under the condition where the maximum speed is 160km/h on narrow-gauge lines in Japan. (b) Contact wire uplift at support Figure 5 shows the simulation results of contact wire uplift at support in each catenary composition. According to the simulation results, the contact wire uplift at support of the compound type is larger than that of other catenary system. However, the values are less than allowable value of 70mm up to 160km/h. Figure 4: Simulation results of contact loss rate.

5 Computers in Railways IX 849 Figure 5: Simulation results of contact wire uplift at support. Figure 6: Simulation results of contact wire strain at support. Contact wire strain at support Figure 6 shows the contact wire strain at support in each catenary composition. The value of contact wire strain is less than the allowable value of a in all catenary compositions up to 160km/h. From these simulation results, these catenary compositions, except the one that uses PH356mm 2 wire for the messenger wire, satisfy the allowable value up to 160km/h to prove that the possibility for practical use is high. 4 Current collecting performance tests 4.1 Outline of test We installed a feeder messenger catenary that provided satisfactory simulation results on the current collection test equipment in our institute and performed current collecting performance tests. Table 2 shows the catenary composition and Table 3 shows the property of pantographs used in this tests. Table 4 shows

6 850 Computers in Railways IX the tension distribution of each wire. We ran pantograph at 80 to 150km/h at intervals of 10km/h to perform current collecting performance tests. Table 2: Catenary compositions. Feeder messenger PH590mm 2 1 Auxiliary wire PH150mm 2 1 Contact wire GTM170mm 2 1 Span length 50m Hanger interval 5m Dropper interval 5m or 10m System height 960mm Table 3: Property of the pantograph used in experiments. Pantograph type PS21 PS32 Form Lozenge Single arm m 1 [kg] k 1 [N/m] m 2 [kg] k 2 [N/m] m 3 [kg] c [Ns/m] - 10 P 0 [N] Aerodynamic upward force [N/(km/h) 2 ] c m 1 k 1 m 2 k 2 m 3 P 0 Table 4: Tension distribution of each wire. Tension Condition Feeder Auxiliary Contact Ratio of messenger wire wire yoke (1) 39.2kN 4.9kN 9.8kN 2:1 (2) 34.3kN 6.6kN 13.0kN 2:1 (3) 34.3kN 4.9kN 14.7kN 3:1 4.2 Test results of the composite type Contact loss rate and uplift under different conditions Figure 7 shows the contact loss rate measured in current collecting tests under different conditions in Table 4. In the case of the pantograph PS21, the contact loss rate was 1% or less up to 150km/h (Figure 7 (a)) to prove the satisfactory quality of current collection. Contact breaks occurred at 140km/h or over under the condition (1), but not under the condition (2) or (3). When the tension distribution of contact wire increases, therefore the contact loss rate decreases. This phenomenon appeared notably in the case

7 Computers in Railways IX 851 where PS32 was used (Figure 7 (b)). There were no problems in the contact wire strain and uplift, since they were much less than the allowable values up to 150km/h. Figure 7: (a) Experiment results of contact loss rate (PS21) (b) Experiment results of contact loss rate (PS32) Contact loss rate when spring hangers were used The current collection performance of pantograph was measured when one or two hangers were used in place of spring hangers from the support in order to make the spring constants of the catenary near the support smaller. Figure 8 shows the contact loss rate when the pantograph PS32 was used. Figure 8 shows that the contact loss rate was almost the same whether normal hangers or spring hangers were used up to 130km/h. Figure 8: Experiment results of contact loss rate (PS32). At 140km/h or over, however, the contact loss rate decreased significantly when spring hangers were used to show that the current collecting performance improved. The contact wire strain was smaller than that in the case where normal hangers were used. There were no problems in the contact wire uplift at support, since it was much smaller than the allowable value though it had became larger.

8 852 Computers in Railways IX 4.3 Test results of the compound type Comparison of contact loss rate by suspended type We constructed two structures of the dropper form whose dropper intervals were 5m and 10m in our institute and performed current collecting tests for the structures of Figure 9. Figure 10 (a) and (b) shows the results of current collecting performance tests of the hanger form and the dropper form. The contact loss rate was small with the dropper form of 5m dropper intervals in both cases of PS21 and PS32. The contact loss rate of PS21 was 1% or less up to 150km/h, and the current collecting performance was extremely good. In the case of PS32, the contact loss rate was 1% or less up to 130km/h, and nearly 2% from 140km/h to 150km/h, and the results were allowable value. Ear Pull-off arm Feeder messenger Auxiliary wire Dropper 50mm 10m Contact wire (a) Dropper interval with 10m 50mm 5m (b) Dropper interval with 5m Figure 9: Dropper form compound type feeder messenger catenary Comparison of contact loss rate by tension distribution We performed current collecting tests on the dropper form whose dropper interval was 5m to ensure the best current collecting performance under the condition of wire tension distributions shown in Table 4. Figure 11 and 12 show the measured contact loss rate and contact wire strain respectively, when the pantograph PS21 was used. The contact loss rate was small when the tension distribution of contact wire was large at the speed up to 130km/h (Figure 11). The contact wire strain also became small when the tension distribution of the contact wire was large (Figure 12). At the speed of 150km/h, the contact wire strain to exceeded the allowable value of in the case of (1) contact wire tension 9.8kN, but was less than the allowable value in the case of (3) contact wire tension 14.7kN. As mentioned above, the current collection performance was also good to suit high speed

9 Computers in Railways IX 853 operation with the compound form when the tension distribution of contact wire was increased. Figure 10: (a) Test results of contact loss rate (PS21) (b) Test results of contact loss rate (PS32). Figure 11: Test results of contact loss rate (different tension). Figure 12: Test results of the contact wire strain. 5 Tension shift test For the compound type that was constructed in our institute, we ground the contact wire flat and measured changes in the tension auxiliary wire and contact

10 854 Computers in Railways IX wire. Figure 13 shows the measured tension in the auxiliary wire and the contact wire versus the residual diameter of the contact wire. From these measurement results, we confirmed that the tension shifted from the contact wire to the auxiliary wire with as the wear of the contact wire advanced. Although the limit of the residual diameter of the contact wire was normally 8.5mm, we set the residual diameter at 3.3mm. Furthermore we set it at 1.5mm locally in this experiment. However the contact wire did not break. This proves that this structure is strong against the local wear of the contact wire. Figure 13: (a) The auxiliary wire tension (b) The contact wire tension. 6 Summary of the tests We performed simulation, experiments of current collecting performance and tension shift tests of the feeder messenger catenary with the auxiliary wire which was composed of a small number of parts and strong against the wear of the contact wire. The acquired results are shown below. (1) Simulation results show that the quality of current collection satisfied allowable value up to 160km/h with the compound form whose messenger was PH590mm 2, and the compound form whose messenger were PH590mm 2 and PH356mm. 2 (2) From current collecting performance tests on the compound form, we found that the current collecting performance improved when the total tension in the contact wire and the auxiliary wire was increased (19.6kN). (3) From the current collecting performance tests on the compound form, it was found that the best current collecting performance was on the dropper form whose dropper intervals was 5m or over, and we found that the current collection performance improved when the total tension in the contact wire and auxiliary wire was increased (19.6kN). (4) In the measurements on the compound form when contact wire wear advanced, we observed that the tension shifted from the contact wire to the auxiliary wire as contact wire wear advanced.

11 Computers in Railways IX Conclusion Based on this research, we confirmed that there are no problems in the current collecting performance up to the speed of 150km/h with the composite form and the compound form whose dropper intervals are 5m, on the structure of feeder messenger catenary that uses PH590mm 2 as the messenger. We also observed the tension shifts to the auxiliary wire when the wear of the contact wire advanced. We found that this structure was strong against the local wear of the contact wire. These catenary systems are more stable than others to require less maintenance. References [1] A. Iwainaka, A. Suzuki & Y. Shimodaira, Development of single copper feeder messenger wire for overhead contact lines, Computers in Railways VII, pp , [2] T. Hamada, A. Suzuki & T. Shimada, Current collecting characteristic of catenary with non-tension contact wires, Computers in Railways VIII, pp , 2002.