Jazz Fundamentals. Greg Polanik Coordinator Corina Iukovici Co-Coordinator. Academy for Lifelong Learning Cape Cod Community College Spring 2015

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Jazz Fundamentals. Greg Polanik Coordinator Corina Iukovici Co-Coordinator. Academy for Lifelong Learning Cape Cod Community College Spring 2015"

Myron Greene
6 years ago
Views:

1 Jazz Fundamentals Greg Polanik Coordinator Corina Iukovici Co-Coordinator Academy for Lifelong Learning Cape Cod Community College Spring 2015

2 Chapter 4 Bebop Oo Bop Sh' Bam! Dizzy Gillespie

3 Bebop s (development began ) Bop; Sub-Style: Cu-Bop The First Period of Modern Jazz Named for it s energetic nature And for a common 2 note phrase

4 WWII Atomic Bomb Jackie Robinson Soviet Union McCarthyism Beat Generation

5 The Roots Bebop Jam Sessions at Minton s Playhouse Serious musicians, bored with the Swing they played for work Informal, Experimental, Competitive Explored new harmonic ideas Exclusionary (speed, complexity)

6 Those who want to know what sound goes into my music should come to NY and open their ears Thelonious Monk

7 Bebop Music Music for Listening, not for Dancing Based on Improvisation Creativity, not commercial success Spontaneity, not polished & arranged Complex harmonic ideas Small Clubs, not Dance Halls

8 Jam Session Core Players Charlie Parker (alto sax) Dizzy Gillespie (trumpet) Thelonious Monk (piano) Kenny Clarke (drums) Milt Hinton (bass) Charlie Christian (guitar)

9 Jazz musicians are only workers who will put in a full shift for pay and then go somewhere else & continue to work for free George Carlin

10 Swing v Bop Saxophone Coleman Hawkins & Charlie Parker Improvisation Swinging v Flying High Melodic, scalar improvisation v angular, upper chord tones They are Lip-Syncing

11 Playing bop is like playing Scrabble with all the vowels missing Duke Ellington

12 Cultural Phenomenon For the public: a rejection of things conformist and mainstream For musicians: a political statement, declaration of independence, a cult A break with the racial stereotype of Blacks entertaining Whites (Louis) Followers emulated Dizzy s beret, goatee & glasses; Bird s addiction

13 any old way will do as long as it's different from the way you played it before... you got no melody to remember and no beat to dance to Louis Armstrong

14 Bebop differs from Swing Small groups not big bands Soloists are main personalities Energetic, erratic rhythms Fast chord changes Too fast (or too slow) to dance Angular, disjointed melodies

15 Bebop differs from Swing More complex harmony (9ths, 13ths) Altered chords (b5, b9, #9, #11) Head Arrangements not written Trumpet & Sax (alto) most important Training ground is small clubs Songs re-written Standards

16 Bop Band Organized into 2 Sections Horns: Trumpet Saxophone (alto) Rhythm Section: Piano, String Bass, Drums, (Guitar)

17 Rhythm Section Standardized for Modern Jazz Piano: Harmony, Rhythmic Accents Spare Comping Bass: Timekeeping, Harmonic Bottom All 4 Beats + Embellishment Drums: Timekeeping, Ride Cymbal Accents Interact with Soloist Guitar: Harmony, Rhythmic Accents Horn-like Solos

18 Bebop has set music back twenty years Tommy Dorsey

19 Sheet Music v Chart

20 Sheet Music v Chart

21 Ride / Crash Cymbal

22 String Bass

24 Bop Harmonic Structure Keep the original Melody, but Change the Chords of a Standard Write a new Melody, but Keep the Chords of a Standard Write a new melody, and Change the chords of a Standard

28 Soloing on Chord Changes

29 Important Bop Players Charlie Yardbird Bird Parker Alto Saxophone virtuoso player Most important player in Modern Jazz Brilliant innovator, influenced all New rhythmic & harmonic soloing Bluesy Kansas City inflections Heroin & Alcohol destroyed him

30 When Bird came on the scene, it was shocking as in the Bible: everything was dark & then there was light Shorty Rogers

31 Important Bop Songs Charlie Parker Shaw Nuff Ko-Ko Billie s Bounce Xxxx Xxxx

32 Most of the soloists at Birdland had to wait for Parker s next record in order to find out what to play next What will they do now? Charles Mingus on Bird's death

33 Important Bop Players John Birks Dizzy Gillespie Trumpet first modern trumpet player Consummate musician, composer Harmonic ideas, upper chord tones Teacher, mentor, ambassador Entertainer, added fun & humor Afro-Cuban musical influence

34 It s taken me all my life to learn what not to play Dizzy Gillespie

35 Important Bop Songs Dizzy Gillespie Xxx Xxxx Xxxx Xxxx Xxxx

36 Important Bop Players Thelonious Sphere Monk Piano eccentric, quirky style Stride, Boogie-Woogie, Blues New harmonic ideas, altered chords Emphasized space, dissonance Composed many Jazz Standards Unusual improv influenced Free Jazz

37 Wrong is right Thelonious Monk

38 Important Bop Songs Thelonious Monk Xxx Xxxx Xxxx Xxxx Xxxx

39 Working with Monk is like falling down a dark elevator shaft John Coltrane

40 Important Bop Players Kenny Clarke Drums redefined modern drumming Moved timekeeping to Ride Cymbal Bass & snare used for accents Improvised syncopated accents Ride cymbal & accents add energy Drums interact with soloist

41 Those people who say there s no music but bop are just stupid it shows how much they don t know Miles Davis

42 Important Bop Songs Kenny Clarke Xxx Xxxx Xxxx Xxxx Xxxx

43 Important Bop Players Bud Powell Piano created the modern style Most imitated bop pianist Codified modern comping Streamlined, spare left hand Occasional block chords or stride Right hand like Bird & Diz

44 Important Bop Songs Bud Powell Xxx Xxxx Xxxx Xxxx Xxxx

45 Other Important Players Miles Davis (trumpet) Fats Navarro (trumpet) Sonny Stitt (tenor sax) Dexter Gordon (tenor sax) Max Roach (drums) Roy Haynes (drums) Milt Jackson (vibes)

46 If it wasn't for hustlers, gangsters & gamblers there'd be no Jazz Wasn't middle-class who said 'Let's go hear Bird tonight' Betty Carter

47 I made the wrong mistakes Thelonious Monk after playing a disappointing solo

48 Music is your experience, your thoughts, your wisdom If you don't live it, it won't come out of your horn Charlie Parker

49 Music Theory

50 Melody Scales used for solos change as the chords change Faster chord changes make soloing more difficult

51 Harmony Chords add upper harmonic extensions 9ths, 11ths, 13ths (keyboard) Chords use altered notes b5, #5, b9, #9, #11 Chord substitutions Reharmonize

52 Rhythm Bop rhythms more varied than Swing Rhythmic feel less clearly stated

53 Form Common Bop Song Form Intro Head Solos (repeated choruses) Head Ending

54 Jazz Vocabulary Chart chords and melody only Head Arrangement - memorized Reharmonize use new chords Standard well known Jazz song Trading 4s alternating soloists Turnaround turns back to the top

55 Now s The Time Bird

Tony Grey Bass Academy

Tony Grey Bass Academy BeBop Study Lesson 1 Step 1 Tony Grey Bass Academy This lesson is taken directly from inside the Tony Grey Bass Academy were we do a full course on all of the different approach