Riff Broken Chord Arpeggio. Phrase. Improvisation Phrase Back Beat

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1 Riff Broken Chord Arpeggio Scale Pattern or Scalic Question and Answer Phrase Blues Scale and Blues Notes Improvisation Phrase Back Beat 4/4 3/4 Also known as simple time Syncopation Swing

2 This maybe a phrase of melody or a repeated pattern like a riff Where every other note of a scale is played E.g. Cmajor Scale C D E F G A B C would be C E G C if played as an arpeggio Can also be known as a broken chord pattern This maybe a phrase of melody or a repeated pattern like a riff Where every other note of a scale is played E.g. Cmajor Scale C D E F G A B C would be C E G C if played as a broken chord Can also be known as an arpeggio A repeated pattern when the notes (pitches) and rhythm stay in the same order each time the pattern is repeated. For Example the guitar riff from Sunshine of Your Love by Eric Clapton The riff changes only to fit each chord of the chord sequence. The pattern is the same though A scale used for Blues and Jazz music (and in other popular music styles e.g. Rock n Roll) notes where the 3rd, 5th and 7th notes are flattened. E.g. C major scale and C blues scale below: C D E F G A B C - C major Scale C Eb F Gb G Bb C - C Blues Scale A strong accent played on a weaker beat. For example a typical back beat is played by a drummer on beats 2 and 4 with the snare drum Two phrases of melody (chunks of melody) that are different. One phrase may differ from the other with rhythm and the pattern of notes. Each phrase is of equal length normally Qu Ans C D EF G A EE F G AB CBAG F E DED G C D EF G A EE F G AB CBAG F E DE G C A small chunk of melody for example a question phrase. This maybe 2 bars long or 4 bars long The notes of a melody or part of a melody that move in step (one note on the keyboard to the next) as per the order of notes on a keyboard E.g. E F E F G A B is a scale pattern as the notes are next door to each other Creating music on the spot. Often in popular music taking the form of a solo e.g. in a rock song when there is an instrumental section and the guitarist creates his own musical ideas often playing quite fast passages A swing rhythm is typical in both jazz and blues music but maybe found in other genres too It is where the rhythm is grouped in 3 with the first and 3rd of the rhythm played. Where a number of notes (and rhythmic notes) are placed to fall on the off beat. Or a beat can created by emphasising the weaker beats of a rhythm. Syncopation is common in Reggae music Where the main beat or pulse is divided in to groups of 3 beats or groups of 4 beats E.g = 3/4 Have You Ever Really Loved a Woman Bryan Adams (3/4) = 4/4 Back in Black AC/DC (4/4)

3 Shuffle 4 on the Floor Minor 6/8 (or 3/8 and 12/8) Also known as compound time Triad Major Chord Types (C7, Cm7) Octaves Triad Electronic Instruments Acoustic Instruments A Cappella

4 Minor is a word meaning smaller. Music played in a minor key often sounds sad or solemn The smaller is to do with the distance between notes in a chord between the root and the 3rd A minor chord has 3 semitones from R-3rd C Eb (C Db D Eb) Where the kick drum (from a drum kit) is played on each beat (each beat becoming accented). This came from disco music and is very common in EDM (Dance music) Similar to Swing where the beat is divided into groups of 3. Used in Rock Music Major is a word meaning greater. Music played in a major key often sounds happy or joyful The greater is to do with the distance between notes in a chord between the root and the 3rd A major chord has 4 semitones from R-3rd C E (C Db D Eb E) A triad is a chord with 3 notes in it E.g. C E G A triad is a chord which only has 3 notes in it E.g. C major C E G E.g. F major F A C E.g. C minor C Eb G E.g. F minor F Ab C Where two notes are sounded at the same but 8 notes higher or lower than each other. These are might be played or sung at the same time. Where each beat is divided into groups of 3. This is a little like swing and shuffle. This rhythm is typical in folk music A 7th chord is where a triad (a 3 note chord) has a further note added to the other 3 notes in the chord. C7 = C E G Bb Cm7 = C Eb G Bb C C Where the singing is unaccompanied. There is no instrument playing at the same time the voices are singing Piano, acoustic drum kit, double bass, acoustic guitar, accordion, banjo, violin (strings), saxophone (woodwind), trumpet, trombone (brass) Electric Drums, Bass Guitar, Electric Guitar, Electric Piano, Synthesiser, Sampler, DJ Decks

5 12 Bar Blues Verse/Chorus Bridge Intro/Outro PreChorus Instrumental Ternary Binary

6 A Bridge is a linking section between a verse and chorus or a chorus and verse. It consists of new musical ideas A section where there is no singing in the song. There may well be an improvised solo instead in this section. Or an instrument playing the verse or chorus melody instead of the singer Verse a section of melody and lyrics. The verses are repeated in a song with the melody mostly staying the same but the lyrics changing Chorus section of melody and lyrics. The chorus is repeated in a song with the melody and lyrics being the same each time The Pre Chorus This can be part of the end of a verse, a short section created to help move the music and listener to the chorus A 12 Bar Blues is a structure with 12 bars. The 12 bar sequence repeats for all sections of the song. Typical in Rock n Roll music. The 12 bar sequence might be C C C C F F C C G F C C The beginning of a song is the intro The end of a song is the outro Binary has a structure of A B A is a section of music with its own chord sequence and melody B is a contrasting section of music with a new chord sequence and melody different to A This structure ends with the B section and has not return to the A section Ternary has a structure of A B A A is a section of music with its own chord sequence and melody B is a contrasting section of music with a new chord sequence and melody different to A After the B section there is a return back to section A. This can be slightly changed to the original but the melody and chords are mostly