GCSE Product Design Exam Master Class 21st June 2018

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1 GCSE Product Design Exam Master Class 21st June 2018

2 Welcome Thank you for coming to this master class! It s been a tough few weeks for you and I really appreciate that you are here today. It s your last exam so let s have one last burst of motivation and hard work! The aim of the these master classes is to fully prepare you for your written GCSE examination. Over the next two sessions we will be looking at the two biggest questions in the exam paper, the design question (nursery themed) and the manufacturing in schools (production line question). We will also be looking at exam question technique, and going over a few key topics that are likely to pop up in the exam.

3 What we are going to do today The preliminary material this year stated that the theme for the exam and the design question is a FOOD CARRIER This is all we know going into the exam so you need to be prepared for every possible scenario. We have practiced a few options that we think it might be Today we are going to analyse different products designed for carrying food Look at past papers to see what sort of thing is asked on the design question How it compares to the preliminary material Look at the pattern of questions that have been on the exam in the least 5 years Answer exam style questions Discuss exam technique

4 2018 Preliminary Material Preliminary Material Instructions You will receive this Preliminary Material on or after 1 March Please see below for the context for some of the examination questions. Between 1 March and the examination date you will be able to research the context with the guidance of your teacher. You must not take any Preliminary Material or any associated material into the examination room. Information The Preliminary Material is to be seen by teachers and candidates only, for use during preparation for the examination on Monday 26 June It cannot be used by anyone else for any purpose, other than as stated in the instructions issued, until after the examination date has passed. It must not be provided to third parties. Context Food Carrier

5 Exploring previous design questions from past GCSE papers over the last few years.

6 2016 question and preliminary material

7 2015 question and preliminary material

8 2015 question and preliminary material

9 2015 question and preliminary material

10 Keywords and phrases linked to packed lunch containers

11 Exploring a variety of possible designs and scenarios to be fully prepared

12 Example 1 of a possible design

13 Example 2 of a possible design Themed Design

14 Example 3 of a possible design Jigsaw design (Unusual Design)

15 Example 4 of a possible design Disposable food carrier (The main design we will focus on)

16 Example of net

17 Example of packaging labels you can include

18 Example of layout of drawings

19 Example of a finished final design

20 Activity. Complete the question: You are to design a disposable food carrier to contain and protect its contents. The carrier will be used by people who enjoy participating in leisure activities and need to carry a meal / lunch with them - 3d drawing - birds eye view drawing with contents - 2d net drawing - you MUST use colour - you MUST annotate everything and include materials, logos, labels, processes, etc.

21 Using CAD to manufacture the product

22 Packed lunch function and design criteria

23 Packed lunch evaluation Give 5 reasons why your design is suitable and matches the requirements of the design brief..

24 Packed lunch evaluation

25 Name the Packaging Symbols.

26 Answers.

27 Potential drawing question linked to the design question, relating to promoting healthy eating.

28 Potential answer. Remember to use colour!!

29 Manufacturing.

30 Manufacturing: Primary Processing, Secondary Processing and Scales of Production.

31 What is primary processing?

32 What is primary processing?

33 Primary Processing turns raw materials into useful standard stock sizes.

For example: durum wheat is turned into pasta. 1.

Spinach or tomato puree could also be added to give

34 For example: durum wheat is turned into pasta. 1. Wheat grains are milled to produce semolina, which is mixed with water to make a dough. 2. Eggs, salt and vegetable oil are added. Spinach or tomato puree could also be added to give flavour and colour. 3. The dough is shaped into the many forms of stock pasta shapes and then dried.

35 What is secondary processing?

36 What is secondary processing? Secondary Processing turns standard stock materials into manufactured products or components.

37 Secondary Processing turns standard stock materials into manufactured products or components. Secondary production: this is the manufacturing and assembly process. It involves converting raw materials into components, for example, making plastics from oil. It also involves assembling the product, eg building houses, bridges and roads. There are six stages and they apply to all materials..

38 1. Casting and Moulding: Is the pouring or forcing of liquid or non-solid material into moulds. Once the material has returned to a solid state, it s removed from the mould. The moulds can be either re-used or broken up afterwards.

39 2. Forming: Changes the form (shape and size) of the material, but it doesn t normally alter the volume. A force is applied to the material, which changes it but doesn t destroy it, for example: - air pressure - hammering - vacuum

40 3. Wastage: (or separation) changes both the size and the shape of the material: - Machining removes small amounts of material at a time, e.g. sawing - Shearing cuts the material to shape using a wide variety of methods, e.g. scissors

41 4. Conditioning: Changes the internal properties of a material, e.g. making it stronger or more elastic. Conditioning is often done using: - heat - chemical action - mechanical action

42 5. Assembling: (or addition) means joining materials together. This can be done - through bonding, e.g. welding and adhesives - using mechanical fastenings, e.g. rivets, screws, nuts and bolts.

6. Finishing: deals with the surface finish of a material. This can be done by.. - applying some form of coating, e.g. paint - changing the surface through chemical action to make a protective or decorative finish, e.

43 6. Finishing: deals with the surface finish of a material. This can be done by.. - applying some form of coating, e.g. paint - changing the surface through chemical action to make a protective or decorative finish, e.g. anodising aluminium - electro-plating using chrome, silver or gold

44 Scales of Production

45 Scales of Production There are 5 different scales of production, can you name one?

46 There are 5 different scales of production, can you name one? - One off production - Batch production - Mass production - Continuous production - Just in time production

47 One off production: Only one product is made at a particular time. These productions usually take a long time and the product is often expensive. Examples: sculptures and wedding dresses.

Once made, another series of products may be produced

48 Batch production: Is when a series of identical products are made together in either small or large quantities. Once made, another series of products may be produced using the same equipment and workforce Examples: furniture and bread.

Mass production: Involves the product going through various stages on a production line where the workers at a particular stage are responsible for a certain part of the product.

49 Mass production: Involves the product going through various stages on a production line where the workers at a particular stage are responsible for a certain part of the product. The product is usually produced in large numbers for days or even weeks and will be relatively cheap, but production could be halted if a problem occurs at any stage of the production line Examples: Cars and electrical goods.

50 Continuous production: The product is continually produced over a period of hours, days, or even years ( 24/7 ). The product will be relatively cheap. Examples: Soft drinks and wood screws.

51 Just in Time production: Involves the component parts arriving at the factory precisely when they are needed. Expensive warehousing costs are saved as less storage space is required. But, if the supply of components is stopped, the production line is interrupted, which is costly. Examples: cars.

52 June 2016 Question 5a This question is about manufacturing in quantity. You are advised to spend about 20 minutes on this question. A Sunday market is being started in your area. You have decided to make a product to sell at the market. Choose one of the products from the list below. house name plate apron organic meat pies desk calendar herb growing pot kitchen memo board bird table pencil holder 5 (a) In the space below, sketch your chosen product. Show the main features. In part What is being asked?? What do I need to do? Spend 20 minutes on this question Choose one of the products from the list (PICK THE FOOD OR CARD OPTION) In the space outlined sketch your design Annotate your design showing the tools and processes you will need to make the product. (b) you will be asked how to manufacture your product in quantity. [3 marks]

53 June 2016 Question 5b 5 (b) Use notes and sketches to show how a batch of 50 of your product could be manufactured. Marks will be given for: a clear layout and correct order of processes identification of appropriate tools and equipment quality of communication. [12 marks] What is being asked?? What do I need to do? Either in the form of a recipe or a flow chart explain how the product would be made Use sketches to show specific stages of the process. Explain how you would make a 50 of the product at a time? Annotate your flow chart or recipe with appropriate tools and equipment for each process this can be done by underlining key names of equipment in a recipe or flow chart or labelling a diagram. Make sure that your page is clear and easy to follow.

54 Examples Sometimes you may be asked to draw the layout of the production line/the room.

55 History of Product Design

56 Design is always changing. Why?

57 The reasons have always been influenced by: 1.) The discovery of new materials.

58 The reasons have always been influenced by: 2.) Iconic products.

59 The reasons have always been influenced by: 3.) Manufacturing and technological developments..

60 The reasons have always been influenced by: 4.) Fashions, trends and the latest thinking.

61 Influences of nature

62 The arts and crafts movement was founded in the 1890 s by William Morris: - It promoted quality craftsmanship. - It was inspired by natural patterns and forms. - It used high-quality materials, which were only affordable by the wealthy.

Art Nouveau was developed in Europe from 1890-1914: - It was based on natural,

63 Art Nouveau was developed in Europe from : - It was based on natural, organic lines. - Included designers like Charles Rennie Mackintosh and Louis Comfort Tiffany.

64 Influences on Industry: - The modernist movement was influenced by industrial designs and made use of geometric shapes.

The Bauhaus movement 1919-1933 was a German school of art and design: - It

65 The Bauhaus movement was a German school of art and design: - It produced the first design for mass production. - It was the origin of many design classics.

- It was influenced by artefacts in Tutankhamen s recently opened tomb.

66 Art Deco (1920s-1930s) began with an exhibition of products in Paris in 1925: - It typically involved the use of geometric shapes. - It was influenced by artefacts in Tutankhamen s recently opened tomb. - It included the ceramicist Claris Cliff. - It was regarded as a glamorous period.

67 De Stijl (The style, mid-1920s) started in Holland: - It featured extreme geometric design, eg, rectangles and primary colours.

68 War, Post-war and the 1980s: The Streamlined age was about speed and movement. New materials and production methods allowed designs to be manufactured cheaply. There were 3 main influences: - The rapid growth in transport design. - The interest in Science. - The race to put the first man on the moon.

69 War, Post-war and the 1980s: In the 1960s there was huge consumer growth as customers craved new ideas. - Designers included Mary Quant (designer of the mini skirt) and Alec Issigonis (Morris Mini).

70 1970 Present Day: By the 1980s the designer name or brand was important to customers. - The designer label spread from fashion markets to other areas of product design. Promotion and packaging became a key part of the complete product.

- It was started by a group of Italian designers, led by Ettore Sottsass.

71 The Memphis Group, (early 1980s) was an alternative viewpoint to minimalism. - It was started by a group of Italian designers, led by Ettore Sottsass. -They produced highly decorative laminates and humorous products. - Their post modernist influence can be seen in many of todays products.

72 Retro and iconic designs

73 Some products are so innovative and influential that they are regarded as classic designs or design icons.

74 A design could be considered to be iconic because of 3 reasons:

75 A design could be considered to be iconic because of 3 reasons: 1.

76 A design could be considered to be iconic because of 3 reasons: 2.

77 A design could be considered to be iconic because of 3 reasons: 3.

78 A design could be considered to be iconic because of 3 reasons: 1. Of the way technology has been used. 2. It uses clever and innovative styling. 3. It simply has a must own quality.

79 Some classic Designs There are many examples of classic designs, we will look at a few now. You need to be able to identify and discuss the influences on iconic designs.

80 Name the product:

81 Name the product:

82 Name the product:

83 Name the product:

84 Name the product:

85 The Coca Cola bottle (1916) is a globally recognised object and has remained largely unchanged since its design in 1916, mainly due to its: - distinctive shape - brand name

87 Name one reason Coca Cola wanted to design their bottle?

88 Laszio and George Biro designed the first ballpoint pen in In 1950, Marcel Bich purchased the Biro patent and it became the main product of his Bic company. The word biro is used to today to describe ballpoint pens.

89 1p9H6FuTo

90 How much was the original patent purchased for?

91 The Volkswagen Beetle (1930s) was designed by Ferdinand Porsche and was given its name by the New York Times due to its unusual shape. There is a clear influence from this design on the current VW Beetle.

92 Philippe Starck s Juicy Salif lemon squeezer was very controversial, with critics saying it was extravagant and unpractical. But. It s very popular with many people.

93 70

94 Give a reason why you think this design could be unpractical?

95 Harry Beck s diagrammatic map of the London Underground is a graphical design which spreads out the centre of the city and compresses the outskirts. It doesn t represent the actual geographical position of places, but its easy to understand and the format has been copied all over the world.

96 70Y

They are based on old styles, but made to the latest standards,

97 Retro Styling has become very popular. Retro designs aren t oldfashioned products. They are based on old styles, but made to the latest standards, using the latest technologies. For example, some modern radios are modelled on Lawrence Griffin s 1960 design.

98 Retro Styling is commonly seen in: 1-

99 Retro Styling is commonly seen in: 2-

100 Retro Styling is commonly seen in: 3-

101 Retro Styling is commonly seen in: 4-

102 Retro Styling is commonly seen in: - In transport design - In Fashion - In electrical appliances, eg, De Longhi Toaster - Surface decoration, eg wallpaper and fabrics.

Towards product design

Towards product design Design Movements Exam expectations Issues associated with twentieth century design movements are regularly tested in the written paper. You should be able to describe one or two movements and explain the