Elements of Art: Space AVI1O

Transcription

1 Elements of Art: Space AVI1O

2 Definition Space is an Element of Art referring to the emptiness or area between, around, above, below or within objects

3 Perceiving Depth Your eyes and brain work together to enable you to see in three dimensions - length, width and depth. Each eye sees a slightly different angle. The brain merges these two separate and slightly different views into one, creating a three-dimensional image.

4 Creating the Illusion of Depth Creating the illusion of depth in art may be done successfully using several techniques: 1. Size and Location 2. Overlapping 3. Linear Perspective

5 Size and Location Since objects in our environment look smaller when they are farther away, the easiest way to show depth is to vary the size of objects, with closer objects being larger and more distant objects being smaller. As well, we perceive objects that are higher on the page and smaller as being further away than objects which are in the forefront of a picture.

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7 Overlapping When objects are partially covered by other objects in front of them, we perceive them as further back than the covering objects.

8 the rein and rudder of painting Leonardo da Vinci

9 What is perspective? A mathematical system for creating the illusion of space and distance on a flat surface such as a canvas or wall. Often called linear perspective.

10 The artist s problem of how to create the sense of SPACE on a flat (2-D) surface has been solved in various ways through out time. How to show things that are near and things that are far away in the same 2-D picture plane was handled in various ways by different cultures. Perspective was never really used properly until the Romans who created naturalistic landscapes and elaborate architectural perspectives. The Roman artists created the illusion of form with perspective & shading as seen in this wall mural.

11 To use linear perspective an artist must first imagine the picture surface as an "open window" through which to see the painted world. Straight lines are then drawn on the artwork to represent the horizon and "visual rays" connecting the viewer's eye to a point in the distance. Linear perspective duplicates the way we naturally see images projected into space.

12 Artists use one-point perspective to show forms face-on (from a frontal view) Using one perspective, parallel lines converge to one point somewhere in the distance. This point is called the vanishing point (VP). This gives objects an impression of depth. The sides of objects diminish toward the vanishing point. This creates the illusion of what objects really look like when seen in the distance. In one-point perspective there are three types of lines: CONVERGENCE: those going towards the VP. HORIZONTAL & VERTICAL which always stay either horizontal or vertical and never slant.

13 In one-point perspective objects appear smaller & closer together as they recede into the distance going towards the VP.

14 Horizon Line This line represents the line in nature where earth and sky appears to meet. In perspective, the horizon is an imaginary line drawn across the picture plane at the viewer s eye level. The Horizon line One point perspective

15 Vanishing Point - Single point in a picture where all parallel lines that run from the viewer to the horizon line appear to come together. The vanishing point is generally placed at the viewer s eye level. Vanishing Point Square for 3D drawing One point perspective

16 Convergence Lines (also called perspective lines) Straight diagonal lines drawn to connect points around the edges of an object to the vanishing point. They represent parallel lines receding into the distance and help draw the viewer s eye into the depth of the picture. Convergence Lines One point perspective

17 Horizontal and vertical lines are then inserted to create a three dimensional box. The sides of the box can also be coloured with different shades to indicate the direction of light. After the box has been defined, any construction lines that are not a part of the drawing can now be erased. Putting it together One point perspective

18 The School of Athens, Raphael, 1510 This Renaissance painting by Raphael is an excellent example of one point perspective. The artist has used the tools of perspective to enhance the painting and direct the viewers attention. Horizon Line used to line up the heads of people Vanishing Point placed centrally between the two main figures Convergence Lines can be seen in the walls and floor and direct your vision to the centre

19 Ideal City, Piero Della Francesca This Renaissance painting is another example of one point perspective. Imagine that you are standing in the doorway at the centre of the painting. What is special about this spot?

20 Julian Beaver

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25 Your Task: Create a dream room in one-point perspective Must include at least: 1 window on side wall 1 door on side wall Type of flooring (hardwood, tiles, area rug, etc) 3 pieces of furniture (bed, couch, table, chair, book shelf, desk, etc) 4 decorative pieces (books, toys, poster, TV, electronics, plants, lamp, art, etc)

26 Marking When marking, I will look for: proper technique use of ruler neatness sharp lines creativity criteria /20 Accent shading is BONUS!!

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