LX 422/722 Intermediate Syntax KEY (with notes) SPRING 2018 FINAL 38 points total; 22 for #1, 2 for #2, 7 for #3, 1 for #4, 6 for #5

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1 LX 422/722 Itermediate Sytax KEY (with otes) SPRIG 2018 FIAL 38 poits total; 22 for #1, 2 for #2, 7 for #3, 1 for #4, 6 for #5 SEEES FOR PROBLEM #1 (i) (ii) (iii) Pat seems to kow who will wi. Pat s fried expected me to cook dier. Which bad should we itroduce to hris? Problem 1. For each of the seteces i (i-i): (22 poits total) a. (1 poit each, 4 poits total) For each italicized predicate, for each θ-role that the predicate assigs, list the θ-role (oe of: Aget, Experiecer, heme, Goal, Propositio) ad idicate what costituet it is assiged to. otes: Iclude whateer θ-roles are assiged by or as well as whateer θ-roles are assiged by or as i the example tree. b. (5 poits for (i), 4 each for (ii & iii)) raw a tree, showig where all the elemets of the structure are after all of the moemets are fiished. See the example tree. Where somethig moes, put traces i the tree at each positio occupied by the moig elemet. oect the iitial trace (at the origial Merge positio) to each subsequet trace ad to the fial positio of the moed elemet with arrows. (Also ote, should be the top ode.) otes: You do ot eed to list all of the features for each head. raw eerythig i full (adjuctio, s, etc.), as o the example tree. o triagles for complex heads, but s ca be draw with triagles followig the rules below. c. (1 poit each, 5 poits total) O the tree you drew for part (b), for each uderlied circle the head that checks its case feature. he, write the case it receies by the (oe of: omiatie, accusatie, geitie, of). otes: If the head is a complex head, circle the top ode (see example tree). If the head has moed away after checkig the case feature, circle the trace that is i the positio where the case feature was checked. riagles ad : Except where there is somethig iterestig iside (icludig PossP!), you eed ot draw out the full iteral structure. Proper ames ad simple ous ca be writte as with a triagle (ad the triagle ca be implicit). If there is a proouced, you should draw the, but the ca be draw with a triagle (possibly implicit). You should still draw adjucts to (as below), ad where somethig would hae bee i Spec (such as a Aget), draw out the as before (so it is clear where the Aget was). the AdjP fluffy Example tree o ext page buy Berard the hamster cheese 1

2 Problem 1(i) Pat seems to kow who will wi. /0decl om /0proper [tese:pres] P Pat seem <> <> [if] MP M P to <> kow <> who <> MP M will [tese:pres] <M> P <> <> b. kow Experiecer: Pat Iterrogatie: who will wi... wi ote that Pat is a proper ame (with a /0proper ad a ), ad that who is a proou ad so should hae o iteral structure. hough Experiecer is probably the right θ-role for the exteral argumet of kow, I took Aget too. Similarly, the UAH we hae to date would makes the θ-role of the embedded questio a Propositio. Either we eed to allow for both Iterrogaties ad Propositios (like we allow for Agets ad Experiecers) to occupy the same structural spot, or there should be a more abtract ame that coers both. Either way, Propositio was fie here. 2

3 Problem 1(ii) Pat s fried expected me to cook dier. [decl] /0proper ge /0ge PossP <> Poss P [tese:past] <> Pat Poss fried expect < > acc me MP [if] M P to <> cook /0mass <> a. expected Experiecer: Pat s fried Propositio: me to cook... b. cook Aget: me heme: dier dier 3

4 Problem 1(iii) Which bad should we itroduce to hris? which bad acc M should [tese:past] om we <> <M> MP a. itroduce Aget: we heme: which bad Goal: to hris P <> itroduce <> <> PP P to /0proper hris his was a little too close to idetical to the practice oe. Oh well. 4

5 Example for Problem 1: I will ejoy the acatio. b.,c. [decl] I OM MP a. ejoy EXPERIEER: I HEME: the acatio M will < M> P < > ejoy < > the < P> acatio Problem 2. (2 poits) Suppose that there is a dialect of Eglish, Ghesli, that has all the same properties as Eglish does (icludig ocabulary), except for the followig: a. Whe alued by, [uifl:] is strog (always, ot just for auxiliaries) b. lacks the EPP feature: does ot hae a [u*] feature. Write the Ghesli traslatios of the followig two Eglish seteces (that is, put the words i the correct order for Ghesli). ote: Ghesli does t exist. But it could, i priciple. (i) hey uobtrusiely crossed the street at the first opportuity rossed uobtrusiely they the street at the first opportuity (ii) What does the mayor always claim that the city badly eeds? What claims always the mayor that eeds badly the city? Agai I weirdly woud up usig essetially the same parameters as I used i a preious oe, so this was t such a great example. I also was t cosistet about what the laguage was called. I e fixed that here. I drew the trees below to explai my ratioale for the wordig, but the trees were ot asked for. 5

6 ++ P crossed AdP uobtrusiely P they <> P at PP the first opportuity <> the street what + ++ claims <> P AdP always P the mayor <> <> that ++ P eeds AdP P badly the city <> <> <> 6

7 ➀ Ecircled umbers are for idetificatio oly (used i problem 3, gie below). hey hae o other meaig. Also, you ca assume that there are o implicit triagles i this tree. ➁ M ➂ < > MP PossP < M> P < > Poss < > Poss < P> < > < > Problem 3. (7 poits) ocerig the tree aboe, o each of the followig statemets, write if it is true, or F if it is false. a. ➀ is the specifier of. b. PossP is the complemet of. c. F ➂ is the head of ➁. d. F ➁ c-commads PossP. e. c-commads ➁. f. F ➁ is a proper ame. g. F ➂ is a heme. h. ➂ is a proou. i. F alues the case feature of ➂ as geitie. j. alues the case feature of ➂ as geitie. k. alues the case feature of ➀ as accusatie. l. F ➀ Merged with to check a [u*] feature of. m. ➁ Merged with to check a [u*] feature of.. F Merged with MP to check a [um*] feature of. Problem 4. (1 poit) ome up with a Eglish setece that the tree for problem 3 could represet. What will my dog destroy? Problem 5. (6 poits; 1 per setece 6 seteces) For each of the ugrammatical seteces below, idicate what priciple(s) of grammar is iolated. It might be more tha oe. ote: Pay close attetio to the idices. ote: Assume that the prouciatio matches the features: the problems are i the structures or the features i the tree, but ot i how the features get proouced. 7

8 ote: Priciples will be oe of: Priciple A, Priciple B, Priciple, Hierarchy of Projectio, uiterpretable feature uchecked (ame the feature), islad iolatio (ame the islad type, of P islad, adjuct islad, or wh-islad). i. * I expect Joh i to ote for him i. Priciple B. ii. iii. i. * Mary i persuaded him j that Joh j called herself i Priciple A, Priciple. * What will Pat read the book that explais? omplex ou Phrase islad iolatio. * Pat could ot be haig bee followed. Hierarchy of Projectios.. * What has bee racy tryig to buy? Uchecked [u*] feature o. Maybe this oe was kid of a trick it looks like it could be a islad iolatio because it is a wh-questio, ad it looks like the kid of thig that leads to a Hierarchy of Projectios iolatio, but it is t. i. * Who did Pat kow whether hris had reealed the secret to? wh-islad iolatio. I gae half credit for aswers of other islads, though if two islads were listed (wh-islad as well as somethig else like adjuct islad), the that was also half credit. 8