Academic Standards for Civics and Government Principles and Documents of Government PENNSYLVANIA ACADEMIC STANDARDS, SOCIAL STUDIES

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1 Civics and Government, Economics, Geography, and History ( , , 7.1,7.3, 8.1, 8.3) Academic Standards for Civics and Government 5.1. Principles and Documents of Government GRADE 9 potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to A. Identify and explain the major arguments advanced for the necessity of government. SE/TE: 45-46, TR: Unit Booklet for Units 7-9: 4, 10, 11; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide TECH: Section Support Transparency System B7, 19.1 B. Describe historical examples of the importance of the rule of law. Sources SE/TE: TR: Unit Booklets for Units 7-9: 5; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide TECH: Student Edition on Audio CD; Section Reading Support Transparency System 19.2 Purposes SE/TE: ; Active Citizen 511; Analyzing Political Cartoons 514; Draw Inferences 515; Primary Sources 522 TR: Unit Booklet for Units 7-9: 4 TECH: Section Reading Support Transparency System B7, 19.1 Functions SE/TE: ; Primary Sources 522 TR: Unit Booklets for Units 7-9: 5,12; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide TECH: Section Reading Support System B19, 19.2 C. Analyze the principles and ideals that shape government. Constitutional government SE/TE: 94, , ; Analyze Diagrams 130; Skills for Life 132; Draw Inferences 245 TR: Interpreting Political Cartoons 6; Constitution Activities 21; Unit Booklets for Unit 1-2: 64 TECH: Color Transparencies with Activities 9: Transparency 5 1

2 Liberal democracy Classical republicanism Federalism SE/TE: 129, ; Analyze Diagrams 127 TR: Unit Booklets for Units 3-4: 45, 53; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide ; Constitution Activities TECH: Section Reading Support System B17 D. Interpret significant changes in the basic documents shaping the government of Pennsylvania. The Great Law of 1682 Constitution of 1776 Constitution of 1790 Constitution of 1838 Constitution of 1874 Constitution of 1968 E. Analyze the basic documents shaping the government of the United States. Magna Carta SE/TE: 92, 697; Analyzing 92; Analyze Charts 93 English Bill of Rights SE/TE: 93; Analyze Charts 93 Mayflower Compact SE/TE: 697: Active Citizen 83 Articles of Confederation SE/TE: ; Drawing Inferences 99; Analyze Charts 116 Declaration of Independence SE/TE: 97-98, Federalist papers SE/TE: 122 TR: Unit Booklet for Units 1-2: 59, 66; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide TECH: Section Reading Support System B19, 5.2 2

3 Anti-federalist writings SE/TE: TR: Unit Booklet for Units 1-2: 59, 66; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide TECH: Section Reading Support System B19, 5.2 United States Constitution SE/TE: , , , , , , , , , ; Analyze Charts 116; Analyze Diagrams 127, 130: Analyze Graphs 161; Analyzing Diagrams and Charts ; Analyzing Political Cartoons 166; Civics and Economics 167 TR: Unit Booklet for Units 1-2: 60, 64, 65, 67, 71; Constitution Activities 21, 23-24, 25-26, 27-28; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide 58-59, 65-66, 68-69; Simulations and Debates 6-7,71-72 TECH: Go Online Interactive; Section Reading Support System B5, B6, B17, 5.1, 6.2, 6.3; Color Transparencies with Activities 9: transparency 5 F. Contrast the individual rights created by the Pennsylvania Constitution and those created by the Constitution of the United States. G. Describe the procedures for proper uses, display and respect for the United States Flag as per the National Flag Code. H. Explain and interpret the roles of framers of basic documents of government from a national and Pennsylvania perspective. I. Explain the essential characteristics of limited and unlimited governments and explain the advantages and disadvantages of systems of government. Confederal Federal SE/TE: 129, TR: Unitary SE/TE: 295 Unit Booklet for Units 3-4: 45, 53; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide ; Constitution Activities TECH: Section Reading Support Transparency System B17,

4 J. Explain how law protects individual rights and the common good. SE/TE: , , ; Analyze Diagrams TR: Unit Booklet for Units 7-9: 4, 10, 11, 18, 19, 25, 26; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide , ; Interpreting Political Cartoons 22 TECH: Go Online Civics Interactive; Section Reading Support Transparency System B5, B7, 19.1, 20.2, 20.3 K. Explain why symbols and holidays were created and the ideals they commemorate. L. Interpret Pennsylvania and United States court decisions that have impacted the principles and ideals of government. SE/TE: , , , , , 283; Focus On 60, 200, 282, 312, 544, 620; Links to History 570: Landmark Supreme Court Cases TR: Unit Booklet for Units 1-2: 79, 89, 91; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide 68-69, TECH: Go Online Interactive; Section Reading Support Transparency System B17, 6.3, 7.2 M. Interpret the impact of famous speeches and writings on civic life (e.g., The Gospel of Wealth, Declaration of Sentiments). 5.2 Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship GRADE 9 potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to A. Contrast the essential rights and responsibilities of citizens in systems of government. Autocracy Democracy SE/TE: 59-67, Analyze Diagrams 62-63, Active Citizen 64, 202; Analyzing Political Cartoons 65 TR: Unit Booklet for Units 1-2: 33, 38, 39, 40; Interpreting Political Cartoons 5 TECH: Section Reading Support Transparency System B3, 3.2 Oligarchy 4

5 Republic SE/TE: 59-67, Analyze Diagrams 62-63, Active Citizen 64, 202; Analyzing Political Cartoons 65 TR: Unit Booklet for Units 1-2: 33, 38, 39, 40; Interpreting Political Cartoons 5 TECH: Section Reading Support Transparency System B3, 3.2 B. Analyze citizens rights and responsibilities in local, state and national government. SE/TE: 56-58, 59-67, 74-75; Focus On 60; Analyze Diagrams 62-63; Analyzing Political Cartoons 65; Active Citizen 64, 177, 468, 678; Analyze Charts 73; Civics and Economics 74 TR: Unit Booklet for Units 1-2: 39, 40; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide 31-33, 34-36; Issues in the Law 12-13; Active Citizen Projects 8-10; Interpreting Political Cartoons 5 TECH: Go Online for Interactive Activities; Section Reading Support Transparency System B3; Color Transparencies with Activities 7: Transparency 3 C. Analyze skills used to resolve conflicts in society and government. D. Analyze political leadership and public service in a republican form of government. E. Explain the importance of the political process to competent and responsible participation in civic life. SE/TE: , 243, , 257; Identify Cause and Effect 213; Make Predictions 213 TECH: Go Online Interactive SE/TE: ; Active Citizen 7, 177, 202, 230, 301, 368, 389, 441, 502, 553, 575, 593, 633, 661, 690 F. Analyze the consequences of violating laws of Pennsylvania compared to those of the United States. G. Analyze political and civic participation in government and society. SE/TE: Active Citizen 230, 248, 301, 304, 330, 368, 468, 502, 553, 575, 593, 633, 678, 690 5

6 5.3. How Government Works GRADE 9 potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to A. Explain the structure, organization and operation of the local, state, and national governments including domestic and national policy-making. B. Compare the responsibilities and powers of the three branches within the national government. C. Explain how a bill becomes a law on a federal, state, and local level. SE/TE: 213, , , 228, , , , , , , , , , , , ; Analyze Charts 216, 220, 252, 269, 284, ; Analyze Diagrams 227, 242, , 324; Civic and Economics 251; Analyze Maps 273; Analyzing Diagrams and Tables ; Analyze Graphs 302 TR: Unit Booklet for Units 3-4: 5, 13, 19, 21, 27, 28, , 33, 34, 35, 38, 40, 46, 47, 48, 52, 54, 55, 60, 61, 62, 66, 67, 68, 69; Interpreting Political Cartoons 10, 11, 12, 14; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide 81-83, 84-86, 94-96, 97-99, , , , , , , , ; Constitution Activities 6; Simulations and Debates 14-18, 53-54; State and Local Handbook 10-11, 14-19, 20-21, TECH: Section Reading Support Transparency System B3, B5, B17, B19, 8.2, 8.3, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4; Go Online Interactive; Color Transparencies with Activities 56, 14, 15; Transparency 8, 10, 11 SE/TE: , 228, , TR: Unit Booklet for Units 3-4: 5, 13 32, 39; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide 81-83, ; Interpreting Political Cartoons 11 TECH: Go Online Interactive Activities; Section Reading Support Transparency System B3, 8.2, 10.1 SE/TE: ; Analyze Diagrams 227; Analyze Political Cartoons 226 TR: Unit Booklet for Unit 3-4, 7, Constitution Activities 6 TECH: Go Online Interactive Activities; Color Transparencies with Activities 56, Section Reading Transparency Support System 8, 8.3 6

7 D. Explain how independent government agencies create, amend and enforce regulatory policies. Local (e.g., Zoning Board) SE/TE: 331 State (e.g., Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission) National (e.g., Federal Communications Commission) E. Explain how citizens participate in choosing their leaders through political parties, campaigns and elections. F. Explain the election process. SE/TE: TR: Section Reading Transparency Support System 9.2 SE/TE: , , , , , ; Analyze Charts 602; Analyze Diagrams , 626; Analyzing Political Cartoons 606; Civics and Economics 607, 634; Skills for Life 610; Analyze Graphs 625 TR: Unit Booklet for Unit 7-9: 43, 44, 49, 50, 51, 56, 57, 58, 63; Active Citizen Project 47-49; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide , , , ; Issues in the Law 10; State and Local Handbook TECH: Section Reading Transparency Support System B3, B5, B17, 23.2; Color Transparencies with Activities 26, 27: Transparency 22, 23 Voter registration SE/TE: 617 Primary Elections SE/TE: Caucuses SE/TE: 608 Political party conventions SE/TE: 609 General Elections SE/TE: , , ; Analyzing Diagrams and Graphs Electoral College SE/TE: ; Analyze Maps 636 G. Explain how the government protects individual rights. SE/TE:

8 Equal protection SE/TE: ; Draw Conclusions 197, 198; Civics and Economics 199 TR: Unit Booklet for Unit 1-2: 85, 91; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide TECH: Go Online Interactive; Section Reading Transparency Support System B17 Habeas Corpus SE/TE: 221 Right Against Self Incrimination SE/TE: 168 Double Jeopardy SE/TE: 168 Right of Appeal SE/TE: 269; Analyzing Diagrams and Tables Due Process SE/TE: 168 H. Analyze how interest groups provide opportunities for citizens to participate in the political process. I. Analyze how and why government raises money to pay for its operation and services. SE/TE: 213, ; Identify Cause and Effect 213; Analyze Graphs 625 SE/TE: 302, , , ; Analyze Charts 333; Analyze Graphs 302; Law and the Real World 328, 493, Analyzing Political Cartoons 495 TR: Interpreting Political Cartoons 12, 20: Unit Booklet for Units 3-4: 61; Unit Booklet for Units 5-6: 70, 77; Issues in the Law 8; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide TECH: Student Edition on CD Rom; Section Reading Transparency Support System 11, B19 J. Analyze the importance of freedom of the press. SE/TE: 88-89, K. Identify and explain systems of government. Autocracy Democracy SE/TE: 59-67; Analyze Diagrams 62-63, Analyzing Political Cartoons 65 TR: Unit Booklet for Unit 1-2: 33 TECH: Go Online for Interactive; Transparency Support System B3 Oligarchy 8

9 Republic SE/TE: 59-67; Analyze Diagrams 62-63, Analyzing Political Cartoons 65 TR: Unit Booklet for Unit 1-2: 33 TECH: Go Online for Interactive; Section Reading Transparency Support System B How International Relationships Function GRADE 9 potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to A. Explain how the United States is affected by policies of nation-states, governmental and nongovernmental organizations. B. Explain the role of the United States in world affairs. C. Explain the effects United States political ideas have had on other nations. D. Contrast how the three branches of federal government function in foreign policy. SE/TE: 648, , ; Analyze Maps 648, ; Links to History 681; Analyze Diagrams 662; Skills for Life 692 TR: Unit Booklet for Units 7-9: 71, 78; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide TECH: Go Online for Interactive; Color Transparencies with Activities 28, 29; Transparency 24, 25; Transparency Support System 24.3 SE/TE: , ; Links to History 681; Analyzing Political Cartoons 688, Skill for Life 692 TR: Unit Booklet for Units 7-9: 83, 84; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide , ; Political Cartoons 25; Simulations and Debates TECH: Go Online Interactive; Transparency B3, 25.2; Color Transparencies with Activities 29; Section Reading Transparency Support System 25 SE/TE: TR: Unit Booklet for Units 7-9: 71, 78; Active Citizen Projects 53-55; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide TECH: Section Reading Transparency Support System B5; Go Online Interactive; Color Transparencies with Activities 28: Transparency 24 SE/TE: ; Analyzing Political Cartoons 653 TR: Unit Booklet for Units 7-9: 70 TECH: Section Reading Transparency Support System B17; Studio Edition on Audio CD 9

10 E. Explain the development and the role of the United Nations and other international organizations, both governmental and non-governmental. SE/TE: 648, 683, ; Analyze Political Cartoons 688; Analyze Maps 648; Analyzing Primary Sources 689 TR: Unit Booklet for Units 7-9: 84, 88, 91; Interpreting Political Cartoons 27; Simulations and Debates TECH: Go Online for Interactive Academic Standards for Economics 6.1. Economic Systems GRADE 9 potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to A. Analyze the similarities and differences in economic systems. B. Explain how traditional, command and market economies answer the basic economic questions. SE/TE: TR: Unit Booklet for Units 5-6: 6, 10, 13; Interpreting Political Cartoons 15; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide TECH: Section Reading Transparency Support System B19, 13.3 SE/TE: TR: Unit Booklet for Units 5-6: 6, 10, 13; Interpreting Political Cartoons 15; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide TECH: Section Reading Transparency Support System B19, 13.3 C. Explain how economic indicators reflect changes in the economy. Consumer Price Index (CPI) Gross Domestic Product (GDP) SE/TE: 444, ; Skills for Life Mini Lesson 488; Analyze Graphs 444, 488; Analyze Charts 487 Unemployment rate D. Describe historical examples of expansion, recession and depression in the United States. SE/TE: Skills for Life

11 6.2. Markets and the Functions of Governments GRADE 9 potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to A. Explain the flow of goods, services and resources in a mixed economy. B. Analyze how the number of consumers and producers affects the level of competition within a market. C. Explain the structure and purpose of the Federal Reserve System. D. Analyze the functions of economic institutions (e.g., corporations, not-for-profit institutions). E. Explain the laws of supply and demand and how these affect the prices of goods and services. F. Analyze how competition among producers and consumers affects price, costs, product quality, service, product design, variety and advertising. SE/TE: , ; Analyze Diagrams , TECH: Go Online Interactive SE/TE: TECH: Go Online Interactive SE/TE: ; Analyze Maps 471; Analyze Diagrams TR: Unit Booklet for Units 5-6: 58, 62, 65; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide TECH: Section Reading Transparency Support System B17, 17.3; Go Online Interactive; Color Transparencies with Activities 21: Transparency 17 SE/TE: ; Civics and Economics 377 SE/TE: ; Analyze Graphs 380 TR: Interpreting Political Cartoons 16 TECH: Go Online Interactive SE/TE: ; Analyze Graphs 380 TR: Interpreting Political Cartoons 16 TECH: Go Online Interactive G. Contrast the largest sources of tax revenue with where most tax revenue is spent in Pennsylvania. H. Analyze the economic roles of governments in market economies. Economic growth and stability SE/TE:

12 Legal frameworks SE/TE: , TR: Unit Booklet for Units 5-6: 44, 51, 58, 65; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide , TECH: Section Reading Transparency Support System B6, B17, 16.2, 17.3; Color Transparencies with Activities 20, 21: Transparency 16, 17; Go Online Interactive Other economic goals (e.g., environmental protection, competition) SE/TE: 430, , ; Analyzing Primary Sources 431, Analyzing Political Cartoons 437 TR: Unit Booklet for Units 5-6: 43, 44, 50, 51; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide , TECH: Section Reading Transparency Support System B6, B17, 16.1, 16.2 I. Explain how government provides public goods. J. Contrast the taxation policies of the local, state and national governments in the economy. SE/TE: 302, , ; Civics and Economics 486 TR: Political Cartoons 18 TECH: Go Online Interactive K. Interpret how media reports can influence perceptions of the costs and benefits of decisions. L. Explain how the price of one currency is related to the price of another currency (e.g., Japanese yen in American dollar, Canadian dollar in Mexican Nuevo peso) Scarcity and Choice GRADE 9 potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to A. Describe ways to deal with scarcity. Community Pennsylvania United States SE/TE:

13 B. Analyze how unlimited wants and limited resources affect decision- making. C. Explain how resources can be used in different ways to produce different goods and services. SE/TE: ; Draw Conclusions 356 SE/TE: 383; Analyze Diagrams 383 D. Explain marginal analysis and decision-making. E. Explain the opportunity cost of a public choice from different perspectives. F. Explain how incentives affect the behaviors of workers, savers, consumers and producers Economic Interdependence GRADE 9 potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to A. Explain why specialization may lead to increased production and consumption. B. Explain how trade may improve a society's standard of living. C. Explain why governments sometimes restrict or subsidize trade. SE/TE: Civics and Economics 654 D. Explain how the location of resources, transportation and communication networks and technology have affected United States economic patterns. Labor markets (e.g., migrant workers) Interstate highway system and sea and inland ports (e.g., movement of goods) Communication technologies (e.g., facsimile transmission, satellite-based communications) E. Analyze how Pennsylvania consumers and producers participate in the global production and consumption of goods or services. 13

14 F. Explain how opportunity cost can be used to determine the product for which a nation has a comparative advantage. G. Describe geographic patterns of economic activities in the United States. Primary extractive industries (i.e., farming, fishing, forestry, mining) Secondary materials processing industries (i.e., manufacturing) Tertiary service industries (e.g., retailing, wholesaling, finance, real estate, travel and tourism, transportation) 6.5. Work and Earnings GRADE 9 potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to A. Define wages and explain how wages are determined by the supply of and demand for workers. B. Describe how productivity is measured and identify ways in which a person can improve his or her productivity. C. Identify and explain the characteristics of the three types of businesses. Sole proprietorship SE/TE: 384 Partnership SE/TE: Corporation SE/TE: 385; Analyze Graphs 384 D. Analyze how risks influence business decisionmaking. E. Define wealth and describe its distribution within and among the political divisions of the United States. 14

15 F. Identify leading entrepreneurs in Pennsylvania and the United States and describe the risks they took and the rewards they received. G. Explain the differences among stocks, bonds and mutual funds. SE/TE: Citizen Profiles 359 SE/TE: Personal Finance Handbook H. Explain the impact of higher or lower interest rates for savers, borrowers, consumers and producers. Academic Standards for Geography 7.1. Basic Geographic Literacy GRADE 9 potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to... A. Explain geographic tools and their uses. Development and use of geographic tools Geographic information systems [GIS] Population pyramids Cartograms Satellite-produced images Climate graphs Access to computer-based geographic data (e.g., Internet, CD-ROMs) Construction of maps Projections Scale Symbol systems Level of generalization 15

16 Types and sources of data Geographic representations to track spatial patterns Weather Migration Environmental change (e.g., tropical forest reduction, sea-level changes) Mental maps to organize and understand the human and physical features of the United States B. Explain and locate places and regions. How regions are created to interpret Earth's complexity (i.e., the differences among formal regions, functional regions, perceptual regions) SE/TE: Analyze Maps 189 How characteristics contribute to regional changes (e.g., economic development, accessibility, demographic change) How culture and experience influence perceptions of places and regions SE/TE: Analyze Maps 189 How structures and alliances impact regions SE/TE: ; Links to History 681 TR: Section Reading Support Transparency System B3; Unit Booklet for Units 7-9: 83 TECH: Go Interactive Online Development (e.g., First vs. Third World, North vs. South) Trade (e.g., NAFTA, the European Union) SE/TE: International treaties (e.g., NATO, OAS) How regions are connected (e.g., watersheds and river systems, patterns of world trade, cultural ties, migration) 16

17 7.3 The Human Characteristics of Places and Regions GRADE 9 potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to.. A. Explain the human characteristics of places and regions by their population characteristics. Spatial distribution, size, density and demographic characteristics of population at the state and National level * Demographic structure of a population (e.g., life expectancy, fertility rate, mortality rate, infant mortality rate, population growth rate, the demographic transition model) Effects of different types and patterns of human movement Mobility (e.g., travel for business) Migration (e.g., rural to urban, short term vs. long term, critical distance) SE/TE: Analyze Maps and Graphs B. Explain the human characteristics of places and regions by their cultural characteristics. Ethnicity of people at national levels (e.g., customs, celebrations, languages, religions) Culture distribution (e.g., ethnic enclaves and neighborhoods) Cultural diffusion (e.g., acculturation and assimilation, cultural revivals of language) C. Explain the human characteristics of places and regions by their settlement characteristics. Current and past settlement patterns in Pennsylvania and the United States 17

18 Forces that have re-shaped modern settlement patterns (e.g., central city decline, sub urbanization, the development of transport systems) Internal structure of cities (e.g., manufacturing zones, inner and outer suburbs, the location of infrastructure) D. Explain the human characteristics of places and regions by their economic activities. * Spatial distribution of economic activities in Pennsylvania and the United States (e.g., patterns of agriculture, forestry, mining, retailing, manufacturing, services) Factors that shape spatial patterns of economic activity both Nationally and internationally (e.g., comparative advantage in location of economic activities; changes in resource trade; disruption of trade flows) Technological changes that affect the definitions of, access to, and use of natural resources (e.g., the role of exploration, extraction, use and depletion of resources) E. Explain the human characteristics of places and regions by their political activities. Spatial pattern of political units in the United States SE/TE: Analyze Maps 273, 471 Geographic factors that affect decisions made in the United States (e.g., territorial expansion, boundary delineation, allocation of natural resources) Political and public policies that affect geography (e.g., open space, urban development) 18

19 Academic Standards for History 8.1. Historical Analysis and Skills Development GRADE 9 potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to... A. Analyze chronological thinking. Difference between past, present and future SE/TE: ; Making Generalizations 417; Analyze Graphs TR: Unit Booklet for Units 5-6: 32, 39; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide TECH: Section Reading Support Transparency System B3, 15.3; Color Transparencies with Activities 19: Transparency 15 Sequential order of historical narrative SE/TE: , , , , ; Target Reading Skills 92, 170; Links to History 16, 117, 244, 322, 390, 470, 597, 681; Skills for Life 234, 396; Identifying Historical Trends 396; Analyze Charts TR: Unit Booklet for Units 1-2: 82, 84, 85, 89, 90, 91; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide 72-73, 75-76, , ; Unit Booklet for Units 5-6: 19, 23, 26; Unit Booklet for Units 7-9: 71, 78; Skills Mini Lesson 258 TECH: Section Reading Support Transparency System B5, , 24.3; Color Transparencies with Activities 7, 28, 29: Transparency 11, 24, 25; Social Studies Skills Tutor CD-ROM; Go Online Civics Interactive; Student Edition on Audio CD Data presented in time lines SE/TE: Links to History 16, 117, 244, 322, 390, 470, 570, 597, 681; Analyze Charts ; Analyze Diagrams TECH: Go Online Interactive 19

20 Continuity and change SE/TE: , , , , , , ; Civics in the Real World 185; Analyzing Political Cartoons 190; Analyzing Charts , 284, 572, 602; Civics and Economics 217; Identify Cause and Effect 360; Standardized Test Prep 533, 559: Analyze Graphs 444; Links to History 570, 681; Analyze Diagrams ; Skills for Life 692 TR: Unit Booklet for Units 1-2: 57, 58, 61, 64, 66, 67, 84, 85, 88, 89, 90, 91; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide 52-53, 55-56, 58-59, 72-73, 75-77, , ; Constitution Activities 5; Unit Booklet for Units 7-9: 68, 71, 74, 78, 82, 83, 89, 90 TECH: Section Reading Support Transparency System B3, B5, B17, B19, 5.2, 7.2, 24.3, 25.1; Color Transparencies with Activities 9, 11, 28, 29: Transparency 5, 7, 24, 25; Social Studies Skills Tutor CD-ROM; Go Online Interactive Context for events SE/TE: 88-89, , , , , , , , , , ; Target Reading Skills 175 TR: Unit Booklet for Unit 1-2: 58, 59, 65, 66, 84; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide 52-53, 54-56, , ; Constitution Activities 5; Unit Booklet for Unit 5-6: 19, 23, 26; Unit Booklet for Unit 7-9: 71, 78 TECH: Section Reading Support Transparency System B5, 14.3; Student Edition on Audio CD; Color Transparencies with Activities 28: Transparency 24 B. Analyze and interpret historical sources. Literal meaning of historical passages Data in historical and contemporary maps, graphs, and tables SE/TE: Analyze Maps and Graphs12-13; Analyze Graphs 15, 35, 36, 71, 393, 444, 448, 488, 501, 647; Interpreting Graphs 24, Analyze Diagrams 42-43; Skill for Life 76, 314, 396; Activities 78; Standardized Test Prep 79, 533, 613; Analyze Maps 86-88, 189, 296, 648, 636; Analyze Visuals 105, 263, 453; Analyze Charts 224, 250, 284, 572,

21 Different historical perspectives Data from maps, graphs and tables SE/TE: Analyze Maps and Graphs12-13; Analyze Graphs 15, 35, 36, 71, 393, 444, 448, 488, 501, 647; Interpreting Graphs 24, Analyze Diagrams 42-43; Skill for Life 76, 314, 396; Activities 78; Standardized Test Prep 79, 533, 613; Analyze Maps 86-88, 189, 296, 648, 636; Analyze Visuals 105, 263, 453; Analyze Charts 224, 250, 284, 572, 602 Visual data presented in historical evidence SE/TE: Activities 104, 206, 207; Analyzing Political Cartoons 121, 190, 277, 325, 437; Drawing Inferences 128; Draw Conclusions 188, 189, 197, 198; Skills for Life 195; Activities 206; Analyze Visuals 207, 533 TR: Skills Mini Lesson 166, 224; Interpreting Political Cartoons 8 TECH: Social Studies Skills Tutor CD-ROM C. Analyze the fundamentals of historical interpretation. Fact versus opinion SE/TE: Skills for Life 342; Skills for Life: TR: Skills Mini Lesson 66, 362 Reasons/causes for multiple points of view SE/TE: 95-97; Skills for Life 50, 541 TR: Mini Skills Lesson 66, 119 Illustrations in historical documents and stories Causes and results SE/TE: 84-89, , , , , , , ; Target Reading Skills 85, 92, 170; Skills for Life 171, 450, 666; Identify Cause and Effect 360, 659; Synthesize Information 658 TR: Unit Booklet for Unit 1-2: 45, 52, 58, 59, 72, 76, 78, 84, 88, 90; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide 42-43, 52-53, 55-56, TECH: Section Reading Support Transparency System B17, B5, 5.1, 5.2; Go Online for Interactive Author or source used to develop historical narratives Central issue 21

22 D. Analyze and interpret historical research. Historical event (time and place) SE/TE: 84-89, 92-93, 95-98, , , , , , , , , , ; Links to History 16, 117; Analyze Charts 93; Target Reading Skills 162; Skills for Life 258: Focus On 282, 312 TR: Unit Booklet for Unit 1-2: 45, 50, 52, 84, 85, 88, 89 91; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide 42-43, 72-73, 75-76; Unit Booklet for Units 5-6: 23 TECH: Section Reading Support Transparency System B5, B17, 7.2; Social Studies Skills Tutor CD-ROM, Go Online for Interactive; Color Transparencies with Activities 11: Transparency 7 Facts, folklore and fiction Historical questions Primary sources SE/TE: Primary Sources 66, 176, 191, 257, 296, 420, 521, 571, 632, 689; Citizen Skills 119; Skills for Life 132, 191; Standardized Test Prep 105, 183, 207, 425; Analyzing Political Cartoons 277, 325, 437; Analyzing Primary Sources 430 TR: Skills Mini Lesson 119, 191 TECH: Go Online Interactive Secondary sources Skills for Life 260 Conclusions (e.g., History Day projects, mock trials, speeches) SE/TE: Debating the Issues 102, 435, 504, 656 TR: Simulations and Debates Credibility of evidence 22

23 8.3. United States History GRADE 9 potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to analyze cultural, economic, geographic, political and social relations to... A. Identify and analyze the political and cultural contributions of individuals and groups to United States history from 1787 to Political Leaders (e.g., Daniel Webster, Abraham Lincoln, Andrew Johnson) SE/TE: Citizens Profile 114 Military Leaders (e.g., Andrew Jackson, Robert E. Lee, Ulysses S. Grant) Cultural and Commercial Leaders (e.g., Jane Addams, Jacob Riis, Booker T. Washington) SE/TE: Citizen Profiles 438, 600 Innovators and Reformers (e.g., Alexander G. Bell, Frances E. Willard, Frederick Douglass) B. Identify and analyze primary documents, material artifacts and historic sites important in United States history from 1787 to Documents (e.g., Fugitive Slave Law, Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, Emancipation Proclamation) 19th Century Writings and Communications (e.g., Stowe s Uncle Tom s Cabin, Brown s Washed by Blood, Key s Star Spangled Banner ) SE/TE: 699, 700, 701, 702 Historic Places (e.g., The Alamo, Underground Railroad sites, Erie Canal) C. Analyze how continuity and change has influenced United States history from 1787 to Belief Systems and Religions (e.g., 19th century trends and movements) 23

24 Commerce and Industry (e.g., growth of manufacturing industries, economic nationalism) SE/TE: Innovations (e.g., Brooklyn Bridge, refrigerated shipping, telephone) Politics (e.g., election of 1860, impeachment of Andrew Johnson, Jim Crow laws) Settlement Patterns and Expansion (e.g., Manifest Destiny, successive waves of immigrants, purchase of Alaska and Hawaii) Social Organization (e.g., social class differences, women s rights and antislavery movement, education reforms) SE/TE: , ; Analyzing Charts TR: Unit Book for Units 1-2: 84, 85, 88, 89, 90, 91; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide TECH: Section Reading Support Transparency System B5, B17, 7.2; Color Transparencies with Activities 11: Transparency 7; Social Studies Skills Tutor CD-ROM Transportation and Trade (e.g., Pony Express, telegraph, Transcontinental Railroad) Women s Movement (e.g., roles in the Civil War, medical college for women, Seneca Falls Conference) SE/TE: ; Primary Sources 192 TR: Unit Booklet for Unit 1-2: 88 TECH: Social Studies Skill Tutor CD-ROM D. Identify and analyze conflict and cooperation among social groups and organizations in United States history from 1787 to Domestic Instability (e.g., wartime confiscation of private property, abolitionist movement, Reconstruction) Ethnic and Racial Relations (e.g., Cherokee Trail of Tears, slavery and the Underground Railroad, draft riots) Labor Relations (e.g., female and child labor, trade unionism, strike breakers) SE/TE: , Links to History 390; Analyze Diagrams 391; Analyze Graphs 393 TR: Unit Booklet for Unit 5-6: 19, 23, 26; Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide TECH: Go Online for Interactive; Section Reading Support Transparency System

25 Immigration and Migration (e.g., Manifest Destiny, eastern and southern European immigration, Chinese Exclusion Act) Military Conflicts (e.g., Native American opposition to expansion and settlement, Civil War, Spanish-American War) Reference: &s ocial_studiesnav= 25