Yarn Formation 2/18/2010 OBJECTIVES CHAPTER 7 YARN BASED ON FIBER LENGTH FILAMENT YARNS
|
|
- Harry Roderick Long
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 OBJECTIVES Yarn Formation CHAPTER 7 What is a yarn? What are the different types of yarns available? How are yarns made? How YARN A continuous strand of textile fibers, filaments, or material in a form suitable for knitting, weaving, or otherwise intertwining to form a textile material. BASED ON FIBER LENGTH Spun yarns: Made from short-staple fibers. Regular or smooth filament yarns: Made from long, smooth filament fibers. Textured-bulk-filament yarns: Made from crimped filament fibers. FILAMENT YARNS Monofilament yarns single filament by itself used as the yarn Multifilament yarns several filaments that make up the yarn extruded at once (30 to several thousand) and twisted together FILAMENT YARNS Smooth-filament yarns: Regular or conventional filament yarns. Production: Used as produced or further treatments added (dye, finishes, texture, etc.) Uses: In smooth, lustrous fabrics or where high strength, compact yarns are needed. 1
2 CHARACTERISTICS More expensive than staple to produce; low production rate, number of holes in spinneret equal to number of fibers in yarn. Smooth with low or no twist, except crepe twist yarns. No protruding ends Sheds soil Compact with little bulk, cover, or loft CHARACTERISTICS (CONT D) Strength related to fiber strength and multi-filaments Fiber strength fully used Size based on denier system; related to number & size of filaments Characteristics related to number and size of filaments Fine fibers soft & supple yarn Coarse fibers stiff & abrasion resistant yarn Fibers as long as the yarn and the fabric from which they are removed TYPES Smooth-filament (mono or multi filament) Tape yarns (fibrillated fibers/split films or slit films) Network yarns similar to tape yarns, but with greater bulk and comfort (foamed polymer) YARNS Monofilament Multifilament TEXTURING TYPES False twist: Continuous process where yarns are twisted, heat set, uncoiled; widely used method. Knife Edge: Heated filaments drawn over an edge. Stuffer box: Filaments stuffed into heated box; increases volume %; widely used method. Air jet: Air tangles fiber; increases volume %; little or no increase in stretch. Knit-deknit: Knit, heat set, unknit. Bulky sweaters, carpets Crimped - thermoplastic fibers may be used for some stretch Textured mechanical, chemical and/or heat treatments used; spun or filament yarns 2
3 TEXTURED TYPES Bulky: From inherently bulky fibers; less stretch than stretch or textured yarns. Stretch: High degree of potential stretch & rapid recovery; moderate bulk. Loopy/Textured: Bulky yarns with comfort stretch. BULK YARNS Greater covering power or apparent volume compared to smooth filament yarn; also called bulk continuous filament (BCF) yarns. Characteristics Less smooth More permeable to air & liquids Less slippery More comfortable (may be more absorbent) Less static prone More bulk, cover, and elasticity HIGH BULK YARNS Part of tow is heat stretched. Two parts combined, cut, and spun by conventional methods. Immersed in hot water; heat stretched fibers shrink; non-heat set fibers create bulk in yarn. SPUN YARNS Continuous strand of fibers held together by some binding mechanism, made from short fibers. CHARACTERISTICS Fuzzy: Fiber ends protrude along length of yarn. Yarn strength related to cohesiveness of fibers and number of contact points along fiber. Low twist yarns separate easily with force; yarn strength not related to fiber strength. Likely to pill as fiber ends break off. More comfortable when in contact with skin (less area of yarn in contact with skin, the more comfortable and less clammy & confining it is). More likely to create problems with soiling. SPINNING PROCESS COTTON SYSTEM Opening: Loosens, cleans, blends fibers; removes dirt; helps determine yarn quality. Carding: Partially straightens fibers & forms into thin web; produces carded sliver. Drawing: Increases parallelism of fibers; combines carded slivers into a drawn sliver; continues blending for self-blended yarn, decreases sliver size (to a roving.) Combing: Select yarns of high quality fibers; removes short fibers & increases parallelism of fibers. 3
4 COMPARE CARDED AND COMBED YARNS OTHER SYSTEMS Woolen system: Wool fibers; soft, bulky, fuzzy yarns. Worsted system: Wool fibers; more even fiber distribution & more parallel; compact, smooth, strong yarns. Flax system: Tow yarns shorter shorter & less parallel fibers; line yarns: longer and more parallel fiber. WOOLEN (TOP) AND WORSTED (BOTTOM) YARNS SPINNING PROCESS (CONT D) Roving: Reduces size of drawn sliver, increases fiber parallelism; adds small amount of twist. Repeated several times (blending often occurs here). Inserting gyarn twist: Several options to reduce size & add full amount of twist; winds finished yarn on bobbins. INSERTING YARN TWIST Ring or conventional: Series of operations. Open end rotor: Eliminates roving & ring twisting (faster process, but weaker yarn). Friction spinning: Combines rotor & air techniques; more even yarns; freer of lint, & loftier, but weaker. 4
5 ALTERNATE SPUN YARN PROCESSES Air jet: Similar to rotor, but twist formed by moving air; rougher & less elastic yarns than rotor spun yarns. Direct: Similar to conventional; roving eliminated. Compact: Variation of ring spinning that condenses the roving before final twist insertion; smoother & stronger yarn. ALTERNATE SPUN YARN PROCESSES Vortex: Twist develops as fibers swirl around spindle; eliminates shorter fibers. Twistless: Eliminates twist; holds fibers together with starch or sizing; soft, lustrous, opaque fabric with good dyeability & durability. Self-twist: Inexpensive way to ply 2 yarns of different twist (1S & 1Z) direction. SPINNING FILAMENT TOW INTO SPUN YARNS Tow-to-top (sliver system): Tow converted into staple by diagonal cutting (cut to desired length) or break stretch (stretched until fiber breaks at weakest point, uneven length) and formed into sliver; spun by conventional system. Tow-to-yarn: Direct spinning system where fibers are broken at weakest point and spun into yarns in continuous process. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT Hearing protection required. Opening steps create air-borne dust (controlled by vacuum heads or humidity levels). Waste recycled whenever possible. Ring spinning often in low cost labor countries with related issues of social responsibility. TWIST TYPES OF YARN TWIST Spiral arrangement of fibers within a yarn. Direction: S or Z (Z is most common) Amount of twist: Varies with length of fiber, yarn size, & end use; low, napping, regular, high/voile, or crepe twist. 5
6 LOW TWIST YARNS Smooth and textured bulk filament yarns: very low twist. SPUN YARNS Napping Twist: Low twist, usually filling direction to facilitate brushing fibers to surface (napping); for flannelette, flannel, blankets, etc. SPUN YARNS Average Twist: Most common type of twist, neither low nor high, used for most end uses. SPUN YARNS Voile Twist: high twist, used for voile SPUN YARNS Crepe Twist: very high twist, produces lively, yarn YARN SIZE Yarn number: Cotton, woolen, worsted systems are indirect systems; length per unit weight (finer yarns, higher numbers). Denier: Direct system; weight per unit length (g/9,000 m) finer yarns, lower numbers; denier used for yarns and fibers. Tex system: Weight per unit length (g/1,000 m); finer yarns, lower numbers (decitex or dtex). 6
7 YARN TYPES SINGLE, PLY, AND CORD YARNS Simple: All parts are alike. Single: Spun or filament. Ply: Two or more singles; increases diameter, strength, and performance r (usually spun yarns). Cord: Ply yarns are twisted together. Uses: Industrial products. CORD (RIGHT), SINGLE (LEFT), AND PLY (BOTTOM) YARNS SEWING THREAD Yarn intended for stitching materials together by machine or hand process. Available in several sizes and structures: ply, corded, cable, braided, textured filament, smooth filament, monofilament, and core spun. Lubricant or wax finish to facilitate sewing. Many fibers used. Sized as denier, tex, count, yarn number, or ticket number. FANCY, NOVELTY, OR SPECIALTY YARNS Single: 1 part Complex: 2 or more parts Ground or foundation or core component Fancy or effect component Binder Uses: Usually in filling only; adds interest; may add crease resistance to fabric; decreases durability; increases cost; fashion component. PARTS OF A NOVELTY YARN 7
8 EXAMPLES OF NOVELTY YARNS TYPES Slub or flake: Single, spun fancy thick-thin yarn. The twist can be varied at regular intervals. The thicker part can be twisted less than the thinner part. Spiral or corkscrew: Two parts twisted together; differ in color, size, or texture. Ratiné: Spiral effect with loops at intervals. Knot, spot, nub, or knop: Effect twisted many times in one spot. TYPES FABRICS WITH NOVELTY YARNS Spike or snarl: Open loops at intervals. Loop, curl, or bouclé: Closed loops at intervals. Metallic: Metal incorporated with yarn. Chenille: Short pile fibers held in place by two binder yarns twisted together. EFFECT PLY FOR SEVERAL KINDS OF FANCY YARNS FIBER BLENDS Blend: Intimate mixture of different fibers (varied by type, length, size, color, etc.) in one yarn. Mixture: One type of yarn used in one fabric place (i.e., warp) & another type used in another fabric place (i.e., filling). Combination: Two unlike yarns twisted together to form a ply (simple or novelty yarn). 8
9 REASONS FOR BLENDS Combine different fibers to get better combination of characteristics in product; achieve characteristics that are combinations of the fibers in the blend Improve processing and uniformity Obtain better hand, texture, and appearance Economize Obtain cross-dyeable effects BLENDS Blend levels: Related to end use and performance specifications. Stage of blending: Earlier in processing, blend is more uniform. Light density fiber works to outer edge of yarn. Other possibilities Blended filament yarn: two unlike filaments blended together Fasciated yarns: filament & broken filament FIBER DISTRIBUTION IN YARNS COMPOSITE YARNS Regular in appearance with unlike components. Types: Covered: Yarn wraps around spandex/rubber. Core-spun: Fiber completely covers core of another fiber. Wrap spun: Staple fiber core wrapped with filament. Fasciated: Filament wrapped with staple fibers or filament yarn wrapped with filament fibers. Polymer with staple fibers; inexpensive. YARN PERFORMANCE Characteristics & performance measured to ensure consistent fabric and product quality and performance. Size, twist, bulk, evenness, & appearance Strength, resistance to abrasion, & other performance aspects YARN QUALITY Thin spots assessed to minimize problems with processing, fabrication, and finishing. Neps: Small knot of entangled fibers; assessed to minimize problems with dyeing and finishing. Hairiness: Excessive fiber ends on yarn surface make the yarn more sensitive to abrasion and pilling; assessed to minimize problems with fabrication and performance. 9
10 SUMMARY A yarn is a continuous strand of staple fibers, filament(s), or some other material that can be used to make a textile. The categories that yarns can fall into are: spun yarns, smooth filament yarns, or textured filament yarns. Filament yarns can be either monofilament or multifilament. They can also be made as tape or network yarns. Textured filament yarns can be created in a variety of ways and utilized for texture, bulk, stretch or comfort. Filament yarns are created through the extrusion process previously covered Spun yarns refer to staple length fibers. They go through a general process of cleaning, combing in various ways and stages, and twisting to form the yarn. Spun yarns can go through more or less combing, which affects how strong and smooth the yarn is. If it goes through less combing it is called either combed (cotton process) or woolen (wool process); if it goes through more combing it is called carded (cotton process) or worsted (wool process). Yarns can twist in a clockwise or counter-clockwise direction: z-twist or s- twist. The z-twist is the most common. Yarns can have a low amount of twist or a high amount. This will affect what type of fabric and ultimately, what type of end-use the yarn is for. Yarns can be twisted into a certain type of grouping: single spun, ply yarn, cord or fancy yarn. Yarns can be blended in a variety of ways and for different reasons. Quality must be monitored at every level. 10
Yarn Processing 2/26/2008. Smooth filament yarns: Regular or conventional filament yarns.
Yarn Processing A continuous strand of textile fibers, filaments, or material in a form suitable for knitting, weaving, or otherwise intertwining to form a textile material. Smooth filament yarns: Regular
More informationTypes of Yarns UNIT. Structure. Learning Objectives. Unit Preview
162 Fashion Garment Making UNIT 8 Structure 8.0 Introduction 8.1 Production of yarns 8.2 Classification of Yarns 8.3 Yarn fineness Count, Denier 8.4 Yarn Twist Learning Objectives To understand the production
More informationLESSON 6 PRODUCTION OF FANCY YARNS STRUCTURE 6.0 OBJECTIVES 6.1 INTRODUCTION 6.2 STRUCTURE OF FANCY YARNS 6.3 SOME EXAMPLES OF FANCY YARNS
LESSON 6 PRODUCTION OF FANCY YARNS STRUCTURE 6.0 OBJECTIVES 6.1 INTRODUCTION 6.2 STRUCTURE OF FANCY YARNS 6.3 SOME EXAMPLES OF FANCY YARNS 6.4 MANIPULATION OF FIBRE CHARACTERISTICS 6.5 MANIPULATION OF
More informationMinimizing Thread Breakage and Skipped Stitches
Minimizing Thread Breakage and Skipped Stitches Introduction Thread breakage and skipped stitches are common aggravations on any sewing floor because it interrupts production, affects quality, and reduces
More informationFibres and polymers used in Textile Filtration Media
Fibres and polymers used in Textile Filtration Media Presented by Robert Bell Robert G Bell Projects October 2012 The most ingenious filter is useless without an adequate filter medium So what is filter
More informationTEXTILE YARNS. Printed on Re-Cycled Paper. Years of Progress. Save a tree.
TEXTILE YARNS 1970 40 2010 Years of Progress Printed on Re-Cycled Paper Save a tree. 1 Textile Yarns 1.0 Introduction A textile yarn is a continuous strand of staple or filament fibers arranged in a form
More informationSubject: Fabric Studies. Unit 1 - Introduction to textile materials. Quadrant 1 e-text
Subject: Fabric Studies Unit 1 - Introduction to textile materials Quadrant 1 e-text Learning Objectives The learning objectives of this unit are: Define basic textile materials such as fibres, yarns and
More informationDO NOT TURN OVER THE PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO
ADVANCED DIPLOMA IN KNITWEAR STUDIES AND MERCHANDISING ADVANCED DIPLOMA IN APPAREL STUDIES AND MERCHANDISING Examination Paper 2 nd Term 2014 Module Name: Textile Materials and Evaluation Module Code:
More informationThe effect of short fibre and neps on Murata vortex spinning
Vol 23, No 1, page 28 January-February, 2002 The Australian Cottongrower The effect of short fibre and neps on Murata vortex spinning By Stuart Gordon, CSIRO Textile and Fibre Technology Murata vortex
More informationTextiles: any product made from fibers. Fibers: the raw materials in which fabric is made. They are long, thin and hair-like.
Textiles: any product made from fibers. Fibers: the raw materials in which fabric is made. They are long, thin and hair-like. Yarn is made of.staple fibers: ( short fibers) Filaments: (long fibers) Twist
More informationSubject: Fabric studies. Unit 5 - Other textile fabrics. Quadrant 1 e-text
Subject: Fabric studies Unit 5 - Other textile fabrics Quadrant 1 e-text Learning Objectives The learning objectives of this unit are: Understand fabrics made from fibres and yarns. Understand composite
More information2/26/2008. Weaving, Basic Weaves, and Fabrics
Weaving, Basic Weaves, and Fabrics Fabric: Planar structure pliable enough to be made into three dimensional products. Fabrication: Process of forming fabric from starting ti materials. Solutions: Films
More informationTextiles. Natural and Synthetic Fibers
Textiles Natural and Synthetic Fibers Two different Types of Fibers Natural Synthetic or Manufactured Natural- Protein Fibers Come from animal sources Examples Silk (from cocoon of silkworm) Wool (from
More informationProperties of Polyester, Nylon blended Air-Jet Textured Fabrics
Properties of Polyester, Nylon blended Air-Jet Textured Fabrics Mrs. Ashwini Raybagi., Prof. Dr. M.Y.Gudiyawar DKTE Society s Textile and Engineering Institute, Ichalkaranji Email : ashwiniraibagi@yahoo.co.in
More informationFASHION DESIGN: STRAND 3. Textiles in Fashion
FASHION DESIGN: STRAND 3 Textiles in Fashion Standards: Students will examine the use of textiles in fashion. Standard 1: Identify basic fibers, the characteristics, use and care of the following textiles.
More informationTABLE OF CONTENTS. Basic Textile Terms of Spinning 1. Sequence of Spinning process 2. Material Flow in Spinning 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS Contents Page No. Basic Textile Terms of Spinning 1 Sequence of Spinning process 2 Material Flow in Spinning 3 Functions of Propeller Winding Machine 5 Details of Propeller Winding Machine
More informationIDCEC Course # , Subject Code 5.8, Basic AIA Course #000202, Provider #G The Carpet and Rug Institute IDCEC Approval 12/18/13 2/1/16
IDCEC Course # 102822, Subject Code 5.8, Basic AIA Course #000202, Provider #G391 2013 The Carpet and Rug Institute IDCEC Approval 12/18/13 2/1/16 Registered Provider G391 The Carpet and Rug Institute
More information13. Fundamentals of Yarn Technology
13. Fundamentals of Yarn Technology Xungai Wang Learning objectives On completion of this topic you should be able to: understand the definitions for different yarn count systems know the conversion between
More informationComparative Study of the Quality Parameters of Knitted Fabrics Produced from Sirospun, Single and Two-ply Yarns
Ali Kireçci, Hatice Kübra Kaynak, Mehmet Erdem Ince University of Gaziantep, Department of Textile Engineering, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey E-mail: kirecci@gantep.edu.tr, tuluce@gantep.edu.tr, eince@gantep.edu.tr
More information62nd Plenary Meeting of the INTERNATIONAL COTTON ADVISORY COMMITTEE in Gdansk - Poland September 7-12, 2003 By: Peter Stahlecker
62nd Plenary Meeting of the INTERNATIONAL COTTON ADVISORY COMMITTEE in Gdansk - Poland September 7-12, 2003 By: Peter Stahlecker Page 1 EliTe CompactSet Recent Developments and Applications Gdansk, Poland
More informationINTRODUCTION. Q. What are the properties of cotton frbre considered by cotton spinners?* [Here, * = Reference of Moshiour Rahman]
INTRODUCTION [Here, * = Reference of Moshiour Rahman] Q. Write down the process sequence of carded yarn production.* Dhaka Textile `04; Noakhali Textile - `09 Input Process/machine Output Bale Blow room
More informationCONTENTS. Sr No Contents Page No.
CONTENTS Sr No Contents Page No. 1. Basic Textile Terms of Spinning 1 2. Sequence of spinning process 2 3. Material Flow in Spinning 3 4. Functions of Ring Frame Machine 5 5. Details of Ring Frame Machine
More informationYarn Thickness or Weight And How it Works...
Yarn Thickness or Weight And How it Works... Yarn information is a really tough subject and can be very confusing because certain terms such as the term "Worsted" can mean different things to different
More informationUSTER LABORATORY SYSTEMS
USTER LABORATORY SYSTEMS APPLICATION REPORT Improved analysis of yarns in the laboratory THE STANDARD FROM FIBER TO FABRIC Richard Furter Novmeber 2007 SE 611 Copyright 2007 by Uster Technologies AG All
More informationWhat happens to my fleece? What products can I get from it?
What happens to my fleece? What products can I get from it? The following pictures show, roughly in order, all the processes from raw, greasy fleece to finished products and we describe what goes on, from
More informationT E X T I L E Y A R N S T F
T E X T I L E Y A R N S T F Yarn Introduction A yarn is a relatively strong and flexible assembly of fibres or filaments with or without twist. It is an important intermediate product between fibres and
More informationTEXTILE FILTER MEDIAS
TEXTILE FILTER MEDIAS By: Jose M. Sentmanat, Consultant Under the broad term of FILTER MEDIAS we find Synthetic Filter Medias such as: woven filter cloths, woven and non-woven filter media and filter felts.
More informationYarn Testing. Table Of Contents. 1.0 Yarn Count 2.0 Yarn Twist 1.1 Yarn Count Variation 2.1 Twist Standards 1.2 Conversion Table For Yarn Counts
Yarn Testing Yarn occupies the intermediate position in the production of fabric from raw material. Yarn results are very essential, both for estimating the quality of raw material and for controlling
More informationForensics Lab Identification of Fibers
Forensics Lab Identification of Fibers Name Per Due Date Background Information Fibers, strands of thread that make up yarn and cloth, are all around us. You encounter a wide variety of fibers every day.
More informationCOOPERATIVE PATENT CLASSIFICATION
CPC D COOPERATIVE PATENT CLASSIFICATION TEXTILES; PAPER TEXTILES OR FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR D04 BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS,
More informationTABLE OF CONTENTS. 1 Basics Basic Textile Terms of Spinning Sequence of spinning process Material Flow in Spinning 4
Part No. Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. 1 Basics 1 1.1 Basic Textile Terms of Spinning 2 1.2 Sequence of spinning process 3 1.3 Material Flow in Spinning 4 2 Draw Frame 7 2.1 Functions of Draw Frame
More informationIntroduction to Wovenwear
Australian Merino Wool Introduction to Wovenwear Training Manual Index Level Language W1 / L1 Introduction English US CONTE NTS INTRODUCTION 4 1. Benefits of Merino Wool in Wovenwear 5 2. Australian Merino
More informationTEXTILE ENGINEERING & FIBRE SCIENCE
TEXTILE ENGINEERING & FIBRE SCIENCE Subject Code: TF Course Structure Sections/Units Section A Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Unit 4 Unit 5 Unit 6 Section B Section C Section D Section E Section F Topics Engineering
More informationKeywords: Dry spun acrylic fiber;ultrafine heterosexual acrylic;environmentally friendly acrylic fiber; Performance research
Applied Mechanics and Materials Online: 2014-01-16 ISSN: 1662-7482, Vols. 496-500, pp 202-205 doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.496-500.202 2014 Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland The wearability research
More informationUSTER ZWEIGLE TWIST TESTER 5
USTER ZWEIGLE TWIST TESTER 5 APPLICATION REPORT Measurement and significance of yarn twist THE YARN PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEM R. Furter, S. Meier September 2009 SE 631 Copyright 2009 by Uster Technologies
More informationAIR JET SPINNING OF COTTON YARNS
TECHNICAL BULLETIN 6399 Weston Parkway, Cary, North Carolina, 27513 Telephone (919) 678-2220 TRI 1001 AIR JET SPINNING OF COTTON YARNS 2004 Cotton Incorporated. All rights reserved; America s Cotton Producers
More informationTECHNICAL BULLETIN Weston Parkway, Cary, North Carolina, Telephone (919) INTRODUCTION TO OPEN-END SPINNING
TECHNICAL BULLETIN 6399 Weston Parkway, Cary, North Carolina, 27513 Telephone (919) 678-2220 TRI 1004 INTRODUCTION TO OPEN-END SPINNING 2003 Cotton Incorporated. All rights reserved; America s Cotton Producers
More informationTEXTILES, FABRICS, AND FINISHES. Textiles and Interior Design
TEXTILES, FABRICS, AND FINISHES Textiles and Interior Design WHAT IS A TEXTILE? Any product made from fibers, including fabrics A fundamental component of a ready made garment because it is the basic raw
More informationSelection Logic & Charts
American & Efird, Inc. 2007. All Internatioal Rights Reserved. Selection Logic & Charts Selection Logic & Charts Introduction There is no perfect thread for all applications; however, there is a perfect
More informationFibre to fabric. Gary Robinson Wool industry consultant
Fibre to fabric Gary Robinson Wool industry consultant The transformation of raw wool to fabric Zegna Photograph courtesy of AWI. Some issues for wool processing The random limit to fibre control Controlling
More informationHandbook for zero microplastics from textiles and laundry
Handbook for zero microplastics from textiles and laundry Good practice guidelines for the textile industry 1. Explanation of the topic and purpose of the guidelines Polyester and acrylic are the main
More informationPractical Use of Materials Textiles
Program Support Notes by: Allison Perin Head of Technology, Bach Applied Science, Dip Ed Produced by: VEA Pty Ltd Commissioning Editor: Darren Gray Cert IV Training & Assessment You may download and print
More informationEC477 Man Made Fibers and Fabrics
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Historical Materials from University of Nebraska- Lincoln Extension Extension 1954 EC477 Man Made Fibers and Fabrics Helen
More informationTABLE OF CONTENTS Sr no Contents Page No.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Sr no Contents Page No. 1. Basic textile terms 1 2. Warping 1 3. Sequence of operations in weaving 2 4. Identification of parts of sectional warping machine 2 5. Objectives of warping
More informationImpact of Carding Parameters and Draw Frame Doubling on the Properties of Ring Spun Yarn
Impact of Carding Parameters and Draw Frame Doubling on the Properties of Ring Spun Yarn Abdul Jabbar, Tanveer Hussain, PhD, Abdul Moqeet National Textile University, Faisalabad, Punjab PAKISTAN Correspondence
More informationEffect of wrapper filament characteristics and wrap density on physical properties of wrap-spun jute and jute-viscose blended yarns
Indian Journal of Fibre & Textile Research Vol. 43, March 2018, pp. 59-65 Effect of wrapper filament characteristics and wrap density on physical properties of wrap-spun jute and jute-viscose blended yarns
More informationCHAPTER 8 DEVELOPMENT AND PROPERTIES OF AIR JET-ROTOR SPUN YARNS
163 CHAPTER 8 DEVELOPMENT AND PROPERTIES OF AIR JET-ROTOR SPUN YARNS 8.1 INTRODUCTION Innovations are required in rotor spinning for improving the quality of yarn so that its application becomes quite
More informationFINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS (chemical matters, see D06L - D06Q; drying F26B)
D06C FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS (chemical matters, see D06L - D06Q; drying F26B) Apparatuses and methods for finishing, dressing, tentering or stretching of textile fabrics
More informationChapter 44: Fabrics and Their Care. Objectives: Compare different types of fibers, fabric construction, methods, and finishes.
Chapter 44: Fabrics and Their Care Objectives: Compare different types of fibers, fabric construction, methods, and finishes. Define the following key terms. Fibers very fine, hairlike strands of various
More informationCONSEQUENCE OF TWIST ON YARN PROPERTIES IN TEXTILES
ISSN-1997-2571 (Online J. Innov. Dev. Strategy 5(1:22-27(April 2011 CONSEQUENCE OF TWIST ON YARN PROPERTIES IN TEXTIES R. KHANUM 1, F. AHMED 2, A.K.M. MAHABUBUZZAMAN 3, M.N. EHSAN 4 AND M. ASADUZZAMAN
More informationSTUDY OF TENSILE PROPERTIES OF CERTAIN SOUTH INDIAN WOOL AND WOOL POLYESTER BLENDED YARNS
International Journal of Textile and Fashion Technology (IJTFT) ISSN (P): 225-2378; ISSN (E): 2319-451 Vol. 7, Issue 5, Oct 217, 49-56 TJPRC Pvt. Ltd. STUDY OF TENSILE PROPERTIES OF CERTAIN SOUTH INDIAN
More informationCoating of Core Yarn. An Alternative Method of Decreasing the Strip-back Phenomenon of Core-spun Yarns
Mohsen Shanbeh, Behnaz Baghaei, Samira Alidadi, Abbas Tabibi Textile Engineering Department, Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran E-mail: mshanbeh@cc.iut.ac.ir Coating of Core Yarn.
More informationCHARACTERISTICS OF COTTON FABRICS PRODUCED FROM SIROSPUN AND PLIED YARNS
Egypt. J. Agric. Res., 89 (2), 2011 579 CHARACTERISTICS OF COTTON FABRICS PRODUCED FROM SIROSPUN AND PLIED YARNS Cotton Research Institute, ARC, Giza EL-SAYED, M. A. M. AND SUZAN H. SANAD (Manuscript received
More informationA Detailed Study on Effective Floating Fibre Control in Ring Frame and its Impact on Yarn Quality
A Detailed Study on Effective Floating Fibre Control in Ring Frame and its Impact on Yarn Quality S.Sundaresan 1, A.Arunraj 2, Dr.K.Thangamani 3 Assistant Professor (SRG), Department of Textile Technology,
More informationDemonstrate knowledge of woollen carding and spinning technology
Page 1 of 5 Demonstrate knowledge of woollen carding and spinning technology Level 5 Credits 20 Purpose People credited with this unit standard are able to demonstrate knowledge of: the nature and use
More informationFabrics are uncomfortable in warm, humid conditions
TEXTILES MIDTERM REVIEW Some synthetic fibers are textured why??? - may be done to produce bulkier yarns, used for warmth - Opaque yarns, which provide better cover - Yarns with elastometric qualities
More informationStandard Test Method for Yarn Number Based on Short-Length Specimens 1
Designation: D 1059 01 Standard Test Method for Yarn Number Based on Short-Length Specimens 1 This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1059; the number immediately following the designation
More information1. Overview of Early Stage Wool Processing
1. Overview of Early Stage Wool Processing David Cottle & Errol Wood Learning objectives On completion of this topic you should be able to: Outline the main wool processing systems, from greasy wool through
More informationStudies on elastane-cotton core-spun stretch yarns and fabrics: Part I Yarn characteristics
Indian Journal of Fibre & Textile Research Vol. 38, September 2013, pp. 237-243 Studies on elastane-cotton core-spun stretch yarns and fabrics: Part I Yarn characteristics A Das a & R Chakraborty Department
More informationNon-woven. Bonding systems in non-woven. Discussion. Needled felts Adhesives Heat bonding Stitch bonding
Non Woven Fabric (2) Dr. Jimmy Lam Institute of Textiles & Clothing Non-woven Bonding systems in non-woven Needled felts Adhesives Heat bonding Stitch bonding Discussion Introduction In last section, we
More informationObjectives. You will understand: Fibers
Objectives You will understand: Why fibers are class evidence. How fibers can be used as circumstantial evidence to link the victim, suspect, and crime scene. Why statistics are important in determining
More informationA novel approach to a modified spinning technique of staple yarn: Systematic investigation on improvement of physicomechanical
A novel approach to a modified spinning technique of staple yarn: Systematic investigation on improvement of physicomechanical characteristics of cotton ring spun yarn Mohammad Neaz Morshed #1, Hridam
More informationRaw Silk Testing. Dr. Mahesha H B. Associate Professor and Head Department of Sericulture Yuvaraja s College, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India.
Raw Silk Testing Dr. Mahesha H B Associate Professor and Head Department of Sericulture Yuvaraja s College, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India. 1 Steps of Post Cocoon Technology 2 Types of Cocoon Stifling
More informationFibers. Direct Transfer: from victim to suspect or from suspect to victim Ex. from suspect s sweater to victim
Fiber Analysis Fibers Individual or Class Evidence? Class Even if fibers from two separate places can be matched via comparison, that does not mean they derive from the same source Direct Transfer: from
More informationTHE EFFECT OF TRAVELLER SPEED ON THE QUALITY OF RINGSPUN YARNS AT LOW SPEEDS
THE EFFECT OF TRAVELLER SPEED ON THE QUALITY OF RINGSPUN YARNS AT LOW SPEEDS a Sizo Ncube*, b Dr Abraham B. Nyoni, c Lloyd Ndlovu, c Pethile Dzingai, a,b,c,d National University of Science and Technology,
More informationMinimum Construction Standards Window Treatments. Kohl s Department Stores DATE(03/28/2018)Page 1
Minimum Construction Standards Window Treatments Kohl s Department Stores DATE(03/28/2018)Page 1 Kohl s Window Treatments Minimum Construction Standards Overview The acceptance of an order placed by Kohl
More informationPlain P Most simple and most common type of construction P Inexpensive to produce, durable P Flat, tight surface is conducive to printing and other fi
WEAVES Plain P Most simple and most common type of construction P Inexpensive to produce, durable P Flat, tight surface is conducive to printing and other finishes < Each filling yarn goes alternately
More informationCopyright : 2007, SAGE Publications
Deakin Research Online Deakin University s institutional research repository DDeakin Research Online Research Online This is the author s final peer reviewed version of the item published as: Beltran,
More informationWeaving Your 1st Scarf
Weaving Your 1st Scarf My First Woven Scarf See part 1 How to Warp the Kromski Harp Forte to get started. Supplies: Kromski Harp Forte Loom at least 8 wide 155 yards size 3 Crochet Thread or 8/2 Weaving
More informationCompact Cotton Yarn. Tadeusz Jackowski, Danuta Cyniak, Jerzy Czekalski. Introduction
Tadeusz Jackowski, Danuta Cyniak, Jerzy Czekalski Compact Cotton Yarn Technical University of Łódź Faculty of Textile Engineering and Marketing Department of Spinning Technology and Yarn Structure ul.
More informationApparel and Sport Fabric File Fabric Descriptions. Denim: twill weave made of single hard-twisted yarns with colored warp and
Apparel and Sport Fabric File Fabric Descriptions Denim: twill weave made of single hard-twisted yarns with colored warp and white or undyed fill Flannel: woven fabric made of cotton where the surface
More informationLESSON 9 NON-WOVENS AND BRAIDS STRUCTURE 9.0 OBJECTIVES 9.1 INTRODUCTION 9.2 PRODUCTION PROCESS 9.3 WEB FORMATION 9.
LESSON 9 NON-WOVENS AND BRAIDS STRUCTURE 9.0 OBJECTIVES 9.1 INTRODUCTION 9.2 PRODUCTION PROCESS 9.3 WEB FORMATION 9.4 BONDING OF WEBS 9.5 CHARACTERISTICS OF NON-WOVENS 9.6 USES OF NON-WOVEN FABRICS 9.7
More information9. Spinning. Errol Wood
9. Spinning Errol Wood Learning objectives On completion of this topic you should be able to: Describe the preparation of the materials required for the three main spinning systems Explain the purpose
More informationSPORTS CARPET TECHNICALITIES
SPORTS CARPET TECHNICALITIES Sports carpets are extremely diverse in form and the constantly expanding choice available can be bewildering. However, we believe that there is nothing inherently mysterious
More informationYarn Glossary. Aesthetics In textiles, properties perceived by touch and sight, such as hand, color, luster, drape and texture of fabrics or garments.
Acetate A manufactured fiber in which the fiber-forming substance is cellulose acetate. Acetate fabrics are fast-drying, wrinkle and shrinkage resistant, crisp or soft in hand depending upon the end use,
More informationMan-made staple fibres
Chapter 55 Man-made staple Note. 1.- Headings 55.01 and 55.02 apply only to man-made filament tow, consisting of parallel filaments of a uniform length equal to the length of the tow, meeting the following
More informationTextiles: Secret Life of Fabrics
Instructed by Jade Carlin Textiles: Secret Life of Fabrics Week Three: Wovens Week 3 Woven Fabrics History Hemp cloth from 7000 BC found in Turkey and from 9000 BC found in Peru, though some believe the
More informationFundamentals of Yarns and Yarn Production
1 Fundamentals of Yarns and Yarn Production 1.1 EARLY HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENTS Although it has yet to be discovered precisely when man first began spinning fibers into yarns, there is much archaeological
More informationTECHNICAL BULLETIN Weston Parkway, Cary, North Carolina, Telephone (919)
TECHNICAL BULLETIN 6399 Weston Parkway, Cary, North Carolina, 27513 Telephone (919) 678-2220 TRI 1015 RANDOM SLUB RING YARN PRODUCTION ON CONVENTIONAL EQUIPMENT 2004 Cotton Incorporated. All rights reserved;
More informationCHAPTER IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
CHAPTER IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Textiles have their wide application for apparel products. The geometry of the fabrics and types of yarns used in manufacture could also define the end use of textiles.
More informationManufacturing Fabrics to Meet Performance Expectations
Manufacturing Fabrics to Meet Performance Expectations Karen K. Leonas & Hang Liu Washington State University Pullman http://froggyfibers.com/blog/category/fiber/ http://www.spsj.or.jp/c5/pj/pj06/pj3811.htm
More informationOptimization of process variables in rotor spinning for the production of cotton/milkweed blended yarns
Indian Journal of Fibre & Textile Research Vol. 41, September 2016, pp. 263-269 Optimization of process variables in rotor spinning for the production of cotton/milkweed blended yarns T Karthik & R Murugan
More informationAmerican International Journal of Research in Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics
American International Journal of Research in Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics Available online at http://www.iasir.net ISSN (Print): 2328-3491, ISSN (Online): 2328-3580, ISSN (CD-ROM): 2328-3629
More informationStandard Test Method for Grading Spun Yarns for Appearance 1
Designation: D 2255 02 Standard Test Method for Grading Spun Yarns for Appearance 1 This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2255; the number immediately following the designation indicates
More informationFiber 2 Yarn Conversion System - Yarn Characteristics
Fiber 2 Yarn Conversion System - Yarn Characteristics The end product of the cotton fiber-to-yarn conversion system is a spun yarn or a staple-fiber yarn, which is suitable for making numerous end products
More informationInternational Journal on Textile Engineering and Processes Vol. 3, Issue 1 January 2017
Effect of Twist on #Mr.K.R.Patil, #Mr.Kulabhaskar Sing, *Prof.P.P.Kolte, *Prof.A.M.Daberao, #Raymond Ind. Pvt. Ltd. Jalgaon. * CTF, SVKMs, NMIMS, MPSTME, Shirpur. Email:- kiranpk.rp.kp@gmail.com, prafullkolte@gmail.com.
More informationInternational Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development
Scientific Journal of Impact Factor(SJIF): 3.134 e-issn(o): 2348-4470 p-issn(p): 2348-6406 International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development Volume 2, Issue 11, November -2015 Study
More informationMechanical and Chemical Enhancements for Appearance and Hand. Roy Bamford, Technical Director Aurora Textile Finishing
Mechanical and Chemical Enhancements for Appearance and Hand Roy Bamford, Technical Director Aurora Textile Finishing Let s face it, most nonwovens are not very fashionable, in fact, they are kind of boring.
More informationSEWING GUIDELINE FOR KNITTED TEXTILES
SEWING GUIDELINE FOR KNITTED TEXTILES version 041016 KNITS KNITS VERSUS WOVEN In the world of upholstery, woven textiles are the standard used surface material. Although knits are commonly known in fashion
More informationAPPLICATION OF SOYBEAN PROTEIN FIBERS IN WOVEN FABRICS
APPLICATION OF SOYBEAN PROTEIN FIBERS IN WOVEN FABRICS Małgorzata Matusiak Faculty of Material Technologies and Textile Design Institute of Architecture of Textiles, Lodz University of Technology, malgorzata.matusiak@p.lodz.pl
More informationITMA 2003: REVIEW OF AIR-TEXTURING/INTERMINGLING. By Nikhil Dani PHD, Fiber & Polymer Science ABSTRACT
ITMA 2003: REVIEW OF AIR-TEXTURING/INTERMINGLING By Nikhil Dani PHD, Fiber & Polymer Science ABSTRACT Volume 3, Issue 3, Fall 2003 Air textured yarns are produced from thermoplastic, cellulosic or non-organic
More informationTABLE OF CONTENTS. Sr no Contents Page no. 1. Basic textiles terms Sizing Sequence of operations in weaving 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS Sr no Contents Page no. 1. Basic textiles terms 1 2. Sizing 1 3. Sequence of operations in weaving 2 4. Identification of sizing machine parts 2 5. Objectives of sizing 2 6. Operations
More informationFabric Variance Guide
Fabric Variance Guide Table of Contents Introduction 3 Setting Expectations Color Fastness 4 Stitching Techniques 4 Pattern vs. Railroad 4 Double-Rub Disclaimer 4 Leather Variance 5 Wool 5 Welt Cords 5
More informationTECHNICAL BULLETIN Weston Parkway, Cary, North Carolina, Telephone (919)
TECHNICAL BULLETIN 6399 Weston Parkway, Cary, North Carolina, 27513 Telephone (919) 678-2220 TRI 1016 RANDOM SLUB ROTOR YARN PRODUCTION ON CONVENTIONAL EQUIPMENT 2004 Cotton Incorporated. All rights reserved;
More informationBRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
XXXX D04 BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS XXXX KNITTING (1) In this subclass, groups designating machines, apparatus, devices, or implements include processes characterised
More informationEffect of Fibre Blend Ratios on Yarn Properties
From the SelectedWorks of Innovative Research Publications IRP India Spring April 1, 2015 Effect of Fibre Blend Ratios on Yarn Properties Innovative Research Publications, IRP India, Innovative Research
More informationLeading Innovation in Home Improvement Paint Roller
Leading Innovation in Home Improvement www.rdproduct.com Paint Roller Choosing a roller There are many things to consider before purchasing a paint roller such as paint type and surface texture and material.
More informationMinimum Construction Standards Bedding & Sheeting. Kohl s Department Stores DATE(03/27/2018)Page 1
Minimum Construction Standards Bedding & Sheeting Kohl s Department Stores DATE(03/27/2018)Page 1 Kohl s Bedding & Sheeting Minimum Construction Standards Overview The acceptance of an order placed by
More informationA Study of Yarn Breaks on Warping Machines.
A Study of Yarn Breaks on Warping Machines Alsaid Ahmed Almetwally 1, M. M. Mourad 2 and Abeer Ebraheem Eldsoky Mohammed 3 1 Textile Eng. Dpt, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt. 2 Faculty of
More informationSTUDY OF EVENNESS PROPERTIES OF CERTAIN INDIAN WOOL AND WOOL POLYESTER BLENDED YARNS
International Journal of Textile and Fashion Technology (IJTFT) ISSN (P): 225-2378; ISSN (E): 2319-451 Vol. 7, Issue 5, Oct 217, 39-48 TJPRC Pvt. Ltd. STUDY OF EVENNESS PROPERTIES OF CERTAIN INDIAN WOOL
More information