CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE SMALL POWER

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1 C CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE SMALL POWER STATION S CONNECTION AT THE LOW VOLTAGE NETWORKS Eng. Sin BALAUTA,PhD 1, Eng. Stelian BULIGA 1, Eng. Laurentiu UNGUREANU 1, Eng. Marius IUZIC 1 1 E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A. REZUMAT. In ultimul timp au fost fmulate de catre clienti- multe cereri de racdare la reteaua de d distributie de joasa tensiune a un centrale de mica putere (P 30 kw). Legislatia romaneasca in vigoare nu face, inca,o o referire stricta la aceste situatii. Autii si-au propus si au realizat insumarea un cerinte minime (ce v trebui respecate) pentru a veni in intampinarea acest cereri, cu respectarea legislatiei latiei in vigoare la aceasta a din Romania. Cuvinte cheie: centrale de mica putere, bransament ABSTRACT. In In the last time many requests have been made -by clients f connect smalls power stations (P 3kW) at the low voltage netwks. The romanian legislation doesn t make, yet, a narrow reference to these cases. The auths have make proposals and have realize a sum of minimum requirements (that must be respected) ected) f arrive in the welcome of these requests, respecting the available legislation from Romania. Keywds: small power station, branch pipe 1.INTRODUCTION In this writing the auths suggests to analyse minimums conditions f accepting the connection of a small power stations (P 30 kw) at the low voltage netwks, irrespective the primal agent (wind, light..). This landing are the first in our country and the respect of these presents requirements will make possible that every small client (domestic client) to have his own small power station, regarding the power P 30 kw and the primal agent. All these requirements fms the E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A Standard nr / REQUIREMENTS FOR SMALLS POWER STATIONS The small power stations must remain in function in the following conditions: a) to the frequency s variations in the range: 47,5..52 Hz. To the decrease of frequency under 49,5 Hz it is admitted a liniar reduction of active power disponible proptionally with the departure of frequency. b) To the frequency s variations with 0,5/s rate and/ voltage variations in the range (0,90 1,10) Un. The small power station must be equiped with an automatic switch and one protection module that will disconnect the generat from the low voltage netwk in case that the netwk s voltage is equal with 0 in the case that the voltage of the low voltage netwk and/ the frequency are unless of the ranges f these sizes in nmal operation.[10] The automatic switch and the protection module are uesed f the following reasons: F avoid the electrical energy s debiting of small power station in the case of an overvoltage apparition in the low voltage netwk. F avoid an operation of the smalls power stations in island. F avoid an operation of small power stations in case of a scht circuit apparition in the low voltage netwk. Buletinul AGIR nr. 4/2012 octombrie-decembrie 1 93

2 In the case that the protection module is not supply, the module will disconnect without delay the automatic switch.[11] The small power station must wk in parallel with the low voltage netwk without produce voltage variations maj that ± 5% from rated voltage. The small power station must respect the quality conditions of electrical energy produced established by the netwk s operat, accding the available nms (SR EN and SR EN 50438) [12],[13]. The small power station must wk in the voltage range (0,9 1,1)Un, in the frequency range (47,5 52) Hz and must achieve power fact 0,9 i/c (0,95 i/c eolian power stations) [11]. The small power station must disconnect automatic to a rated voltage less than 0,9 Un and bigger than 1,1 Un and to a frequency unless the range (47,5 52) Hz. The small power station must doesn t wk in island regime regarding the low voltage netwk where the small power station is connect. In justified situations, the netwk s operat can impose furthers conditions me restrictive, in the aim to assure the operation in security conditions f the electrical netwk. 3. PRECURSORY REQUIREMENTS FOR THE INSTALLATION OF THE SMALL POWER STATION Befe the installation of the small power station, the client will present to the netwk s operat documents with the next infmations: - Maximum active power installed and maximum apparently power installed f what are made the request f install; -The ratted voltage in the common point of the connection; -The contribution of the small power station to the apparition of a scht circuit in the low voltage netwk; -The mounting scheme (project) with the indication of the common point of the connection, of the delimitation point of installations, of the measure group f electrical energy, of the switches, of the protection modules, of the inverter etc. [11]. -A fate proof (technical book/ card with type tests) from the producer part/ provider of the netwk inverter f confirm the followings: - The inverter will automatic disconnect in the case of a scht circuit apparition in the low voltage netwk; -The inverter will automatic disconnect in the case of a null voltage apparition in the low voltage netwk; -The inverter will automatic disconnect in the case of an overvoltage apparition in the low voltage netwk; -The confmity f technical characteristics of small power station with the requirements describes in the chapter POSSIBLE CONNECTION SCHEMES FOr SMALLS POWER STATIONS (P 30 kw) AT THE LOW VOLTAGE NETWORK 4.1 Variant 1: The small power station is connect through a separetely branch pipe (different from the branch pipe destined to the consumption) at the low voltage netwk In this case will be mounted to the property limit : F P small power station 9,2 kw [2]: - A box f measure and protection, accding Technical Specification nr.2-making Actual:A4 (elabate from E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A.), Technical Specification f monophase box f measure and protection.[1] 2 Buletinul AGIR nr. 4/2012 octombrie-decembrie 94

3 CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE SMALL POWER CONSIDERATIONS STATION S CONNECTION TION S CONNECTION AT THE AT LOW THE VOLTAGE LOW VOLTAGE NETWORKS NETWORKS - In this box will be mounted (if an AMR a SMART Metering PLC System a Turtle TS2 System are available in the geographical area): - A single phase electronic meter with two measuring senses integrable in AMR system (property of E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A.), in confmity with Technical Specification nr. 303 (elabate from E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A.), Electronic single phase meters [3]. - A single phase electronic meter with two measuring senses integrable in Turtle TS2 system (property of E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A.), in confmity with Technical Specification nr. 291 (elabate from E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A.),Technical Specification f electronic meters couppling in the system Turtle-TS2 [4]. - A single phase electronic meter with two measuring senses integrable in SMART Metering PLC System (property of E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A.), in confmity with Technical Specification nr. 266 (elabate from E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A.),Technical Specification f electronic meters coupling in the system Smart Metering- PLC [5]. - A double poles switch f protection to overcurrent and scht circuit. - A new single phase branch pipe f the evacuation of the electrical energy, accding with Standard E.ON nr. 1143/ , Constructive solutions f single phase coupplings f wks from modernizations and repairs [8]. - A three phase box f measure and protection, accding Technical Specification nr. 3- Making Actual: A4 (elabate from E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A.), Technical Specification f three phase box f measure and protection.[6] - In this box will be mounted (if an AMR a SMART Metering PLC System a Turtle TS2 System are available in the geographical area): - A three phase electronic meter with two measuring senses integrable in AMR system (property of E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A.), in confmity with Technical Specification nr. 304 (elabate from E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A.), Electronic polyphase meters.[7] - A three phase electronic meter with two measuring senses integrable in Turtle TS2 system (property of E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A.), in confmity with Technical Specification nr. 291 (elabate from E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A.),Technical Specification f electronic meters couppling in the system Turtle-TS2 [4]. - A three phase electronic meter with two measuring senses integrable in SMART Metering PLC System (property of E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A.), in confmity with Technical Specification nr. 266 (elabate from E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A.),Technical Specification f electronic meters coupling in the system Smart Metering- PLC [5]. - A three phase switch with four poles f protection to overcurrent and scht circuit F 30 kw P small power station > 9,2 kw - A new three phase branch pipe f the evacuation of the electrical energy. Buletinul AGIR nr. 4/2012 octombrie-decembrie 3 95

4 4.2 Variant 2: The small power station and the use circuits are connected to the same branch pipe The existing branch pipe will be replace with a new one accding to P small power station and will be mounted too a single/three phase f measure and protection to the property limit.the new branch pipe will be used f the consumption and f the evacuation of the electrical energy. If the existing branch pipe (dedicated f consumption) is a single phase one and the client want to be mount a single phase power station, a new branch pipe will be mounted if will be necessary-, accding to P small power station 9,2 kw. The measure and protection single phase box will be placed to the property limit and will be connect to the earth plug. A double poles switch f protection to overcurrent and scht circuit will be mounted in this box. If the existing branch pipe (dedicated f consumption) is a three phase one and the client want to be mounted a three phase power station, a new branch pipe will be mounted if will be necessary-, accding to 30 kw P small three phase power sttaion > 9,2 kw. The measure and protection three phase box will be placed to the property limit and will be connect to the earth plug. A switch with four poles f protection to overcurrent and scht circuit will be mounted in this box. 5. COMMISSIONING The check of existing earth plug (maximum 4 Ω) f small power station (The client will present/send measuring bulletins, emited by certificated ANRE companies). 5.1 Functional probes: Separately branch pipe f evacuation - The switch (single phase three phase) from measure and protection box is clossing ; - The small power station is starting ; - After 15 minutes from the start of the small power station- the switch is opening. In this case to the oputput poles of the switch (from measure and protection box) the rated voltage must be 0 Vca Common branch pipe f evacuation and consumption - The switch (single phase three phase) from measure and protection box is clossing ; - The small power station is starting ; - After 15 minutes from the start of the small power station- the switch is opening. In this case to the oputput poles of the switch (from measure and protection box) the rated voltage must be 0 Vca The phasial diagrams (only f three phase meter) must be maked in two cases : -with the small power station in function and -with the small power station stopped. In this case the consuption must be > 250 ma. - the check of power fact : 0,90 i/c (0,95 i,c f eolian small power station) in the case that the small power station is connecting through a separetely branch pipe The check (with the phasial diagram f three phase meter) of the symmetrical evacuation in case of null consumption and with small power station in function. (f the case with the same branch pipe f evacuation and consumption). This probe will be maked f the case of separately branch pipes and f P small power station >9,2 kw The check of the crectness of the recdings on the display meter s registers f two cases (with the 4 Buletinul AGIR nr. 4/2012 octombrie-decembrie 96

5 CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE SMALL POWER CONSIDERATIONS STATION S CONNECTION TION S CONNECTION AT THE AT LOW THE VOLTAGE LOW VOLTAGE NETWORKS NETWORKS small power station in function and with small power station stopped but with consumption >250mA) The use circuits are interrupting. The small power station is starting. The probe consist in the following check (f one hour) : Pmax small power station [kw] Pinstalled small power station [kw]. If this inequality is not respected the placing in function will be delayed since the noncompliance will be solved The check of the functionality of the small power station connected to the low voltage netwk without produce deviations of rated voltage unless the domain ±5% Un The check of the functionality of the switch to the disconnect current The check of the communication between the meters and central point of the AMR/Turtle TS2/ SMART Metering PLC Further the placing in function, E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A will mounted in the common point of connection f 10 days- an analyser f measuring the quality of the electrical energy (property of E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A.), class A, accding the Order 51/ANRE, art.19 and art. 17 from Nm f PV Power Stations The quality of the electrical energy will be confirmed with repts recded of the analyser All the checks f all the functionalities of small power station will respect IPSSM-02-DEE- EMOD,The distribution of the electrical energy and others nms regarding the safety and the health in wk.[9] 6. FURTHER CHECKS AFTER THE COMMISSIONING Every checks describes in chapter 5 will be possible to make by the netwk s operat- after the placing in function. 7.BIBLIOGRAPHY [1] Technical Specification nr.2-making Actual:A4 (elabate from E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A.), Technical Specification f monophase box f measure and protection. [2] German Power Association, Guideline f RES operation in Middle Voltage. [3] Technical Specification nr. 303 (elabate from E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A.), Electronic single phase meters. [4] Technical Specification nr. 291 (elabate from E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A.),Technical Specification f electronic meters couppling in the system Turtle-TS2. [5] Technical Specification nr. 266 (elabate from E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A.),Technical Specification f electronic meters coupling in the system Smart Metering-PLC. [6] Technical Specification nr. 3- Making Actual: A4 (elabate from E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A.), Technical Specification f poly-phase box f measure and protection. [7] Technical Specification nr. 304 (elabate from E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A.), Electronic poly-phase meters. [8] Standard E.ON nr. 1143/ , Constructive solutions f single phase coupplings f wks from modernizations and repairs [9]- IPSSM-02-DEE- EMOD,The distribution of the electrical energy. [10]- Combined document: CLC/FprTS Requirements f generating plants larger than 16 A per phase to be connected in parallel with a low-voltage distribution netwk and CLC/FprTS Requirements f generating plants to be connected in parallel with medium-volatge distribution netwk European Committee f Electrotechnical Standardisation, Technicall Committee 8X- System Aspects of Electricity Supply [11] Ord.51 /ANRE, Technical conditions f connecting at the publics interest netwks f eolian power stations. [12] -SR EN available- Characteristics f the voltage in the electrical public netwks. [13]- SR EN available -,Prescriptions f connect of microgenerats in parallel with publics low voltage netwks of distribution. Buletinul AGIR nr. 4/2012 octombrie-decembrie 5 97

6 About the auths Eng. Sin BALAUTA, PhD E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A. Energetic Engineer of the Technical University Gheghe Asachi from Iasi. Automatical Engineer of the University Stefan cel Mare from Suceava PhD in microsystems with applicability in energetics Technological Engineer of E.ON MOLDOVA DISTRIBUTIE S.A. Eng. Stelian BULIGA E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A. Energetic Engineer of the U.P. Bucurest Long Activity in in the transpt and distribution of electricity operation, maintenance, design, construction. Now he is Head of Netwk Management Department E.ON Moldova Distributie Eng. Laurentiu UNGUREANU E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A.\ Energetic Engineer of the Technical University Gheghe Asachi from Iasi. Now he is Head of Engineering Service-Netwk Asset Management Department-Distribution Division Eng. Marius IUZIC E.ON MOLDOVA Distributie S.A. Energetic Engineer of the Technical University Gheghe Asachi from Iasi. Now he is Head of Technology Office - Engineering Unit 6 Buletinul AGIR nr. 4/2012 octombrie-decembrie 98

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