UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

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10 30 35 40 45 50 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE, FRANK SPALDING, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOR TO BROWN & SHARPE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND. NIICROMETER-CALIPER.S. 1,001,471.

2 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE, FRANK SPALDING, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOR TO BROWN & SHARPE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND. NIICROMETER-CALIPER.S. 1,001,471. Specification of Letters Patent, Application filed June 7, 19. Serial No. 500,5, Patented Aug. 22, inder by being threaded therein, and is in To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, FRANK SPALDING, a teriorly threaded to receive the micromet citizen of the United States, residing at rically threaded portion 7 of the spindle 4. Irovidence, in the county of Providence A take-up nut S is provided to screw on the and State of Rhode Island, have invented outside of the bushing 6 for the purpose of a new and useful Improvement in Microme taking up any wearincidental to the use ter-calipers, of which the following is a of the micrometer. The removability of the specification. bushing 6 from the cylinder 3 renders the This invention relates to micrometer cali pitching of this screw, upon which the ac pers, and deals particularly with direct cliracy of the instrument largely depends, reading caliper's in which a numerical in a matter of much greater convenience and dex shows through a fixed outer sleeve, and accuracy than when the cylinder portion indicates the fractional parts of the unit of must be directly threaded. The outer re le:sle. maining portion of the spindle 4 is pro The object of the invention is to construct vided as indicated with an annular flange a micrometer caliper in which the index 9, Screw threaded portions 10, 11 and i2, barrels are normally locked against acci Spaced to leave straight cylindrical por. dental rotation, and are only released when tions 13, 14 and 15. the proper progressive rotative step is to The cylinder 3 carries upon its length a be made. slidable sleeve 16, which has a reduced por It is also an object to provide a microme tion ter caliper in which the fine reading head is a bearing at one portion end, an interior IT'. Said shoulder bearing 17, por and located at the outer end of the barrel, where tion 17 is splined at LS and 18 to operate it is more readily accessible, and where its in grooves 19 and 19 formed in the cylin position permits a larger construction of der 3, to permit the longitudinal movement the element with relation to the barrel and of said sleeve thereon, but to prevent rota consequently permits a coarser graduation tion thereof. The opposite end of said as compared to the fineness of the reading. sleeve 16 is supported by an annulus With the above objects and the general which fits within and is suitably fastened improved construction of the micrometer as by screws to the sleeve. Said annulus caliper in view, the device will be herein also forms a bearing for the spindle 4 and after fully described and set forth, refer incloses the same around the cylindrical por ence being had to the accompanying draw tion 14 thereof. A lock-nut, threaded on ings, which form a part of this specification, Screw-thread 11, and a lock-nut 22, seated and in which, in a recess 22 on the opposite face of annu Figure 1 is a plan view of the micrometer lus, and threaded on screw thread 10, lo caliper. Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional 'ates said annulus and consequently the view showing the index barrel. Fig. 3 is a sleeve 16 properly with relation to the similar view showing the index barrel rotat spindle 4. By this connection said spindle, ing means. Fig. 4 is a sectional view show in its longitudinal movements, carries with ing the barrel locking mechanism. Fig. 5 it the sleeve 16. is an end view of one of the index barrels. Rigidly secured to the cylindrical portion Fig. 6 is a view of one of the locking bars. 15 of the spindle so as to rotate therewith, Referring more particularly to said draw is a head 23. Said head is seated by a ings, 1 is the U-shaped yoke member of the knurled nut 24 threaded on the threaded tisual caliper, which carries the anvil 2 on portion 12 against a shoulder 12' and is one arm, and has the other arm formed Spaced from the annulus and lock-nut with a hollow cylinder 3. Said cylinder 3 21 by a washer. Said head is provided carries the longitudinally movable spindle with a longitudinal flange 26 which pro 4, being bored to form a journal for said jects over and closely surrounds the end of spindle at 5, and having the remainder of the sleeve 16. Said flange is tapered near its length bored to a larger caliber. At its its edge to form a space for graduations 27. outer end said cylinder is fitted with a bush These graduations are the fine readings of ing 6, which is removably fixed in said cyl the instrument and are adapted to coincide

O 2 5 3 5 45 g 1,001,471 With a Zero or base mark 28 extended lon conically pointed end is Seated in said open gitudinally of the sleeve 16.

3 O g 1,001,471 With a Zero or base mark 28 extended lon conically pointed end is Seated in said open gitudinally of the sleeve 16. A set of index ing and bear's upon a coil spring 40, by openings 16 are provided through which the which it is normally pressed outwardly. numei'aled graduations of a series of index Thus, the pin normally engages in the open barrels, hereinafter described, are shown. ings or depressions 34 formed in barrel 29, Located within the sleeve 16 and rotative but said barrel is prevented from rotation therein are three index barrels 29, 30 and until properly unlocked or released from 31. Said index barrels comprise annular the above mentioned locking mechanism, collars fitting closely the interior of sleeve and the pin 39 merely rides in and out of 16 and abutting one another, with means to depressions 34' as barrel 30 rotates. cause the proper progressive movement as The locking mechanism above mentioned hereinafter set forth. Each barrel is grad is provided to prevent the barrels from ro uated exteriorly into twenty divisions which tating until the proper instant of progres are numbered in two sets, that is succes sion. Each of barrels 30 and 31 is pro sively from 1 to 0 or 10, and again to com vided with a peripheral cam groove 41 and plete the circumference of the barrel. In 42, which are substantial annuli, except for dex barrel 31 is provided with an inwardly the Offsets 41 and and 44 are lock extending flange 31' which seats upon the ing bars which are longitudinally slidable cylindlical portion 13 of spindle. 4, and in a groove 45 formed in the sleeve 16, and bears against the annular flange 9. Said have protuberances 43 and 44 formed to barrel is locked in this relation by means opei'ate in Said cam grooves 41 and 42. of lock nut 22, above mentioned. Through Upon the ends of Said locking bars are the the shell of the barrel 31 is formed an open Up Wardly-projecting protuberances 46 and ing 32 which carries slidably therein a pin 47 which normally engage one of a series 33. In the end of barrel 30 is formed a of notches 4S and 49 formed in the pe Series of conical depressions 34, correspond lipheral edges of barrels 29 and 30. Thus, ing in position to the graduations on the pe when barrel 31 is rotated, barrel 30 is riphery of the barrel which are adapted to locked to sleeve 16 until Offset 427 carries be engaged by a conical point formed on the the protuberance 44 and with it the lock end of pin 33. The opposite end of pin 33 bar, rear Wardly, thereby disengaging pro projects beyond the end of index barrel 31, tuberance 47 from notch 49. This occurs and into an annular space 35 between an at the same instant that pin 33 engages a de nulus and barrel 31. Said annular pression 34 in barrel 30, and said barrel is space however, is interrupted by diametri progressed One step, or as long as offset 42 cally disposed cam surfaces 36 and 3 maintains locking bar 44 in its retracted formed on the face of the annulus and position. The coöperative action between in the path of said pin 33. Thus, as the ballels 29 and 30 is the same as between spindle is rotated, and with it the barrel bar Fels 30 and 31 with the exception, as 31, the end of said pin will be brought into above set forth, that the rotating pin is in contact with said cam surfaces 36 and 37, constant contact with barrel 29 and rides and caused to move endwise through the in and out of depressions 34 until locking barrel. This will bring the end thereof into bar 43 releases said barrel 29. contact with One of said depressions 34 in The operation of my device will be evi the barrel 30, thereby coupling said bar dent. The device for instance, is graduated rels to rotate together. This coupled rela to read to a hundred thousandth part of an tion will be maintained until the cam sur inch. The head 23, rotated about sleeve 16, face is passed when the pin will be free to carries with it the spindle 4 and conse ride out of engagement with said barrel 30, quently index barrel 31. On the head are and release the same since the end of the read the tenths of inches. The next numeral pin and the depressions 34 are correspond appearing after the first tenth thus disclosed ingly beveled to permit the pin to ride out will show in the opening 16 over barrel 31, of the latter, when no resistance is offered registering the nearest ten thousandth. It to keep the pin and depression in engage is evident that as the barrel 31 progresses ment. At the same time that pin 33 en and finally carries in its action barrel 30, gages barrel 30, a barrel locking mechanism, the said barrel will register the thou hereinafter described, unlocks barrel 30 Sandth parts and similarly, barrel 29 will from sleeve 16 to permit the rotation there register the hundredth parts of an inch. of. The can surfaces are formed of Sufi When the divisions of barrel 31 rest on cient length to cause the barrel 30 to move either side of the Zero mark on sleeve 16, one step or division. as for instance, half way between 0 and 1. The coupling arrangement between bar it is evident that a half of a ten-thousandth reis 30 and 29 is slightly different. Barrel part is being registered, or five one-hundred 30 is provided with a longitudinal opening thousandths of an inch. Thus the device is 38 Fig. 3 which extends only partially capable of the finest degree of measure through the barrel. A pin 39 having a ment in a positive and accurate manner. OO 05 O

O 35 40 5) 65 1,001,471 When it is desired to measure thickness or 6.

4 O ) 65 1,001,471 When it is desired to measure thickness or 6. A micrometer caliper comprising in diameter, the head 23 is rotated to the left combination with a cylinder, a spindle until the spindle 4 is retracted a sufficient threaded in said cylindel', a sleeve slidable distance to allow the insertion of the article on said cylinder, a head carried by said to be measured, after which the head is 'O- spindle for indicating micrometer measure tated in the opposite direction until the ments, a series of graduated b:1'1'els adapted spindle bears with proper firmness against to register sub-divisions of measurements the said article. The device is then in posi and contained in said sleeve, leans for nor tion to be read for the thickness of the arti nally locking said barrels, and means co cle, and the various degrees of measurement operating with said locking means to re are read therefrom as above directed. lease and progressively move said barrels. Having thus described my invention, I 7. A micrometer caliper comprising in claim as new and desire to secure by Letter's combination with a cylinder, a spindle Patent;- threaded in said cylinder, a sleeve slidable 1. A micrometer caliper, comprising, in on said cylinder, a head for indicating ni combination with a cylinder, a spindle croneter neasurements, a series of barrels threaded in said cylinder, a sleeve surround carried within said sleeve and bearing on ing said cylinder, indicating means housed said cylinder, said barrels having gradu in said sleeve, to register the micrometer ations thereon, means for rotatively progress measurements, means for locking said indi ing said barrels, said head also being con cating means to said sleeve, cans for actuat structed for operating said barrels and spin ing said locking means and means for calls dle, means for normally locking Said bar ing said indicating means to register said 1'els against rotation, means for releasing nicrometer measurements. said barrels at intervals, and means for pro 2. A micrometer caliper, in combination gressing said barrels at coll'esponding in with a cylinder, a spindle threaded in said tervals. cylinder, a sleeve surrounding said cylinder, S. A micronete' caliper comprising in indicating means housed in said sleeve to combination with a cylinder, a spindle register the micrometer measurements, lock threaded in said cylinder, a sleeve slidable ing bars slidable in said sleeve, calls for on said cylinder, a plurality of barrels in controlling the rotation of said indicating closed in said sleeve, pins carried by some means, and means for causing said indicat of said barrels, means to cause said pins to ing means to register said micrometer meas couple said barrels together, locking bal's tirements. normally locking soline of said barrels 3. A micrometer caliper comprising in against rotation, and leans to unlock said combination with a cylinder, a spindle barrels at periods. threaded in said cylinder, a sleeve slidable 9. A micrometer calipe' comprising in on said cylinder and movable with said combination with a cylindel', a spindle spindle, indicating means in Operative con threaded in said cylinder, a sleeve slidable nection with said spindle for registering the on said cylinder, a plurality of barrels in micrometer measurements, means for lock closed in said sleeve, pins carried by some of ing said indicating means and cams for said barrels, means to cause said pins to actuating said locking means. couple said barrels together, locking bars 4. A micrometer caliper comprising in normally locking some of said barrels combination with a cylinder, a spindle against rotation, and means formed on One threaded in said cylinder, a sleeve slidable barrel to unlock an adjacent barrel at pre on said cylinder and movable with said determined intervals. spindle, indicating means in operative con 10. A micrometer caliper comprising in nection with said spindle for registering the combination with a cylindel', a spindle micrometer measurements, means for auto threaded in sail cylinder, a sleeve slidable matically locking said indicating means and on said cylinde', a plurality of barrels in coöperating means for releasing said indi closed in said sleeve, pins carried by all but cating means, said automatic locking means one of said barrels, means to cause said pins comprising slide bars and cans for actuat to couple said ball'els together', a locking ing said slide bars. bar locking said one barrel, and means ren 5. A micrometer caliper comprising in dering said locking bar operative by the combination with a cylinder, a spindle operation of the next preceding barrel. threaded in said cylinder, a sleeve slidable 11. A micrometer caliper comprising in on said cylinder, indicating means in said combination with a cylinder, a spindle sleeve, a head for operating said spindle and threaded in said cylinder, a sleeve slidable indicating means, means for normally lock on said cylinder, a plurality of barrels in ing said indicating means, and means for closed in said sleeve, pins carried by a part actuating said indicating means and coöp of said barrels, means to cause said pins to erating means for unlocking said indicating couple said barrels together, locking bars lmechanism. normally locking a part of said barrels

5 4. 1,001,47i. against rotation, and means to unlock said name to this specification in the presence of barrels at predetermined periods, said lock- two subscribing witnesses. ing bars having lugs engaging notches in FRANK SPALIDING. the locked barrels and having lugs oper ating in cam grooves formed in the oper- Witnesses: ating barrels. ADA E. HAGERTY, In testimony whereof I have signed my J. A. MILLER. Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

4/ /hoe 2eceolónzee-zee-ee. E 6 Ée, S. 2&772zz, z/7%zz. J422/s, Feb. 22, s. MANDL 2,108,866. Avezzr. Filed April 17, Sheets-Sheet l. 2.

4/ /hoe 2eceolónzee-zee-ee. E 6 Ée, S. 2&772zz, z/7%zz. J422/s, Feb. 22, s. MANDL 2,108,866. Avezzr. Filed April 17, Sheets-Sheet l. 2. Feb. 22, 1938. s. MANDL SOCKET WRENCH Filed April 17, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet l. Se E 6 Ée, S. 2.72 N NS s Na w Avezzr. 2&772zz, z/7%zz 4/ /hoe 2eceolónzee-zee-ee J422/s, Feb. 22, 1938. S. MAND SOCKET WRENCH