Stairway to Heaven: An Architecture-Level Characterization of Cloud Migration Strategies

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1 Stairway to Heaven: An Architecture-Level Characterization of Cloud Migration Strategies Nabor C. Mendonça Programa de Pós-Graduação em Informática Aplicada (PPGIA) Universidade de Fortaleza (UNIFOR) Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil SEIF Brazil Workshop 2013, November Rio de Janeiro

2 Talk Outline Cloud computing (quick) overview Cloud migration strategies Concluding remarks 2

3 Cloud Computing Essential characteristics Source: 3

4 Cloud Computing Delivery models (vs. traditional IT) Source: Microsoft presentation. 4

5 Cloud Computing Risks and benefits Source: 5

6 Talk Outline Cloud computing Cloud migration strategies Concluding remarks 6

7 Motivation Cloud migration is still a difficult process for many organizations Source: 7

8 Motivation Existing approaches are either too broad in scope Source: 8

9 Motivation... or too narrow in terms of architectural alternatives Source: Jamshidi et al., Cloud Migration Research: A Systematic Review, IEEE TCC,

10 Goal (and Non-Goal) Identify and characterize useful cloud migration strategies from an architectural perspective Specific focus on application components and their service dependencies How each strategy would affect (or be affected by) other factors, both technical and non-technical, is beyond the scope of our present work 10

11 Basic Assumptions Components as the unit of migration Cloud migration means that a component will benefit from the cloud somehow, not necessarily run on it After migration the target component must be able to resolve all its (original) services dependencies, including those to other external components and the underlying execution environment 11

12 Architectural Notation and Model We use a simple graphical notation (loosely based on UML component diagrams) to illustrate our cloud migration strategies in terms of key architectural elements: Component Service dependencies Execution environment Cloud environment 12

13 Component and Service Dependencies External Services T2 Tn Component T2 Tn External Services T2 Tn Environment Services 13

14 Execution Environment Environment Services T2 Tn Execution Environment 14

15 Cloud Environment Environment Services T2 Tn Public Services T2 Tn Cloud Service Cloud Service Cloud Service Cloud Environment 15

16 Cloud Migration Characterization Relocation Cloudification Compensation 16

17 Cloud Migration Characterization Relocation Cloudification Compensation 17

18 Cloud Migration Characterization Relocation Cloudification Compensation 18

19 Cloud Migration Characterization Relocation Cloudification Compensation 19

20 Cloud Migration Characterization Relocation Cloudification Compensation 20

21 Cloud Migration Characterization Relocation Cloudification Compensation 21

22 Cloud Migration Characterization Relocation Cloudification Compensation 22

23 Cloud Migration Characterization Relocation Cloudification Compensation 23

24 Strategies Classification Each of those strategies are further classified according to the following criteria: Implementation mechanisms Service compatibility requirements Migration effort 24

25 Strategies Classification Strategy Implementation Mechanisms Compatibility Requirements ID Type Relocation Re-binding CM, AR Migration Effort Adaptation CM, AR, Transformation CC, CM, AR Cloudification Replacement DM, SC, AR Adaptation DM, SC, AR Transformation CC, DM, SC, AR Compensation Incorporation CC, CM Suppression CC, CM Legend: CC (Component Change), CM (Component Migration), DM (Data Migration), SC (Cloud Service Configuration), AR (Architecture Reconfiguration) 25

26 Relocation Mechanisms Re-binding Before Migration C1 C2 Local Environment Cloud Environment After Migration C1 C2 Local Environment Cloud Environment 26

27 Relocation Mechanisms Adaptation Before Migration C1 C2 Local Environment Cloud Environment After Migration T2 T2 C1 Adapter Adapter C2 Local Environment Cloud Environment 27

28 Relocation Mechanisms Transformation Before Migration C1 C2 Local Environment Cloud Environment After Migration C1 T2 T2 C2 Local Environment Cloud Environment 28

29 Cloudification Mechanisms Replacement Before Migration C1 C2 Cloud Service Local Environment Cloud Environment After Migration C1 Cloud Service Local Environment Cloud Environment 29

30 Cloudification Mechanisms Adaptation (with local adapter) Before Migration C1 C2 T2 Cloud Service Local Environment Cloud Environment After Migration C1 Adapter T2 T2 Cloud Service Local Environment Cloud Environment 30

31 Cloudification Mechanisms Adaptation (with cloud adapter) Before Migration C1 C2 T2 Cloud Service Local Environment Cloud Environment After Migration C1 Adapter T2 Cloud Service Local Environment Cloud Environment 31

32 Cloudification Mechanisms Transformation Before Migration C1 C2 T2 Cloud Service Local Environment Cloud Environment After Migration C1 T2 T2 Cloud Service Local Environment Cloud Environment 32

33 Compensation Mechanisms Incorporation (of external service) Before Migration After Migration C1 C2 C1 A B A B Local Environment Cloud Environment 33

34 Compensation Mechanisms Incorporation (of environment service) Before Migration After Migration C1 C1 A A B Local Environment Cloud Environment 34

35 Compensation Mechanisms Suppression (of external service) Before Migration After Migration C1 C1 A C2 A Local Environment Cloud Environment 35

36 Compensation Mechanisms Suppression (of environment service) Before Migration After Migration C1 C1 A A Local Environment Cloud Environment 36

37 Talk Outline Cloud computing (quick) overview Cloud migration strategies Concluding remarks 37

38 In Conclusion Cloud migration requires a careful examination of the target application s runtime architecture Our proposed characterization can support developers in this analysis by highlighting several useful component migration mechanisms as well as their implementation requirements 38

Ongoing Work Implementing some of our proposed cloud migration mechanisms in the form of non-intrusive code transformations ( cloud detours ) Early prototype uses AOP and

39 Ongoing Work Implementing some of our proposed cloud migration mechanisms in the form of non-intrusive code transformations ( cloud detours ) Early prototype uses AOP and generic cloud APIs (e.g., jclouds) to automatically transform ( cloudify ) a file-based legacy application to use a cloud-based storage service Winner of a SEIF 2013 Ward 39

40 Future Work Refine the proposed characterization / classification Additional migration scenarios and purposes Additional implementation mechanisms Cloud-bound architecture recovery and conformancechecking Other suggestions? 40

41 What About the Stairway from the Title? There's a lady who's sure all that glitters is gold And she's buying a stairway to heaven. Stairway to Heaven (Jimmy Page Robert Plant) Led Zeppelin, 1971 Source: 41

42 Final Message Not all that glitters in the cloud is gold. Understanding your architectural choices and migration alternatives can be a good first step towards building a gentle stairway to (cloud) heaven! Source: 42

43 Thank You! 43

44 Stairway to Heaven: An Architecture-Level Characterization of Cloud Migration Strategies Nabor C. Mendonça Programa de Pós-Graduação em Informática Aplicada (PPGIA) Universidade de Fortaleza (UNIFOR) Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil SEIF Brazil Workshop 2013, November Rio de Janeiro

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