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2 Learning Objectives I can recognise when a sentence is passive or active and use the passive in my own writing. Success Criteria I can identify the subject, verb and object in an active sentence. I can identify the past participle and preposition phrase in a passive sentence. I can recognise if a sentence is active or passive. I can change a sentence from active to passive. I can use the passive in my own writing. Why use the passive? - It draws attention to the person or thing being affected by the verb (the object is the most I mportant thing in the sentence). e.g. Jabba the Hut captured Princess Leia. (emphasis on Jabba the Hut) Princess Leia was captured by Jabba the Hut. (emphasis on Princess Leia) - When use passive? - to make a text more formal (less personal) - to make a text seem less immediate (timeless) - to make a text more mysterious - News reports - Sports reports - Police reports - Accounts of events (description of a battle) - Explanation of how something was built / fixed / created

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4 Passive Episode 1 SAMPLE TEXT / LONGER WRITING TASK BASED ON A MODEL DESTROYING THE DEATH STAR After many attempts to blow up the Death Star, Luke was one of the only X-wing pilots left. Darth Vader led the Imperial pilots. Luke flew his X-wing at high speed to out run the Imperial TIE fighters. Luke flew his X-wing at full throttle. Luke s partner covered him. A missile broke the stabiliser on Luke s X-wing. R2D2 locked down the stabiliser. The Death Star guns fired at Luke s X-wing. The bullets hit Luke s partner. The TIE fighters caught up to the X- wing pilots. The TIE fighters attacked the rebel pilots. R2D2 increased their power. Darth Vader shot Luke s partner. Luke zoomed in on the radar. Obi Wan Kenobi told Luke to use the force. Darth Vader felt the force. A missile hit R2D2. Darth Vader shot at Luke. Suddenly, Han, who came to help Luke, attacked the TIE fighters. Han flew the Millennium Falcon. Luke aimed at the targets on the Death Star. Luke hit the target with two shots. Luke pulled up his X- wing just in time. The missiles blew up the Death Star.

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6 Passive Episode 2 SORTING GAME / GRAMMAR THE REBELS PART ONE The rebels were helped by the brave Ewoks. Han Solo hid from the Star Destroyer in an asteroid field. The Millennium Falcon was hidden by the asteroid field. The brave Ewoks helped the rebels. The disgusting monster was killed by Luke. Luke killed the disgusting monster. Leia attacked the stormtroopers. The stormtroopers were attacked by Leia. R2D2 hid the secret plans in his memory. The secret plans were hidden. The rebels blasted the door open. The door was blasted open by the rebels. C3PO translated the strange language. The strange language was translated by C3PO. The droids were abandoned on a sandy planet. The escape pod left the droids abandoned on a sandy planet. The rebels protected the base. The base was protected by the rebels.

7 THE REBELS PART TWO A subject is the person or thing doing the verb. An object has something done to it. 1. Highlight the subject/verb/object in each of the sentences below. a. The brave Ewoks fought the enemy. b. The stormtroopers attacked the forest moon of Endor. c. Luke Skywalker flew his X-wing right up to the Death Star. d. Jabba the Hut captured Princess Leia. e. Leia used her chains to defeat Jabba the Hut. f. Obi-Wan Kenobi escaped from the fierce monster. g. Obi-Wan s friends arrived just in time. h. The rebel pilots defeated the AT-AT tanks.

8 2. Look at options a) c) below. Write an S in the boxes next to the underlined parts that are subjects Write an O in the boxes next to the underlined parts that are objects. a. Yoda fought Lord Dooku with a light sabre. b. A Star Destroyer chased a rebel chip called the Millennium Falcon. c. On Friday, Han Solo led a dangerous attack mission.

9 3. Highlight the object in each sentence below. Then rewrite each sentence replacing the object with your own object. The first one has been done for you. Han Solo and Chewbacca welcomed the visitors onto the ship. Han Solo and Chewbacca welcomed the year six children onto the ship. He saw a droid on the roof. Luke Skywalker met Han Solo at the alien restaurant.

10 THE REBELS PART THREE An active sentence has a subject that does something. In passive sentences, something is done to the subject. 1. Draw lines to show whether each sentence is active or passive. The planet sparkled in the moonlight. Active The ship was damaged in the battle. The damaged droids were quickly repaired. The light sabre ripped through his chest. Passive

11 2. Rearrange these words to form a passive sentence. the awarded were rebels the medal a general by Now rewrite the sentence as an active sentence. 3. Rewrite this active sentence as a passive sentence. The stormtroopers captured the droids. 4. Rewrite this passive sentence as an active sentence. Luke was chased by a sand monster.

12 Passive Episode 3 DARTH VADER SPOT THE PASSIVE GAME PART 1 Cut out the sentence cards and lie them face down on the table. Take turns to turn over a card and read the sentence. If you think the sentence is passive, call out passive as quickly as you can. If you are correct and the first to call, you keep the card. If you are incorrect, the other player keeps the card. If the sentence is active, leave it face up on the table. Continue playing until only active sentences are left.

13 The man who made the mistake was strangled. The general was threatened by Darth Vader. Darth Vader threatened his general. Darth Vader controlled the Death Star. The droids with the information were discovered. Darth Vader terrified the men. The men were terrified by Darth Vader. The Empire was led by Darth Vader. The secret plans were saved by R2D2. Princess Leia was captured. Darth Vader ordered the troops to search the ship. Darth Vader breathed heavily through his black mask. The two droids worked together to save the plans. Darth Vader was ignored. The stormtroopers were ordered to attack by Darth Vader. The force was used by Darth Vader to stop the man.

14 DARTH VADER PART TWO Change the following active sentences to passive AND improve each sentence with adverbials, adjectives, relative clauses etc. Example: Darth Vader controlled the Death Star. The mighty Death Star which was floating through space was always completely controlled by the evil Darth Vader who would never give up. 1. Darth Vader killed the man. 2. Darth Vader wanted the droids. 3. Darth Vader ordered the attack.

15 Now change passive sentences to active AND improve each sentence with adverbials, adjectives, relative clauses etc. 4. The rebels were hated by Darth Vader. 5. A black suit was worn by Darth Vader. 6. Terror was struck into the hearts of anyone who met Darth Vader.

16 DARTH VADER PART THREE Subject Verb Object Darth Vader attack Luke Skywalker Stormtroopers protect Stormtroopers Princess Leia take The Death Star Vader s help Princess Leia general Han Solo order Han Solo The droids capture Darth Vader Write a passive sentence using a word from each column. Add adverbials, adjectives and relative clauses to improve each sentence. Example: The droids / help / Princess Leia Brave Princess Leia was usually helped by the clever droids who could speak many languages.

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18 Passive Episode 4 USE THE FORCE 1. Read two accounts of the same event (one active, one passive) - Discuss which is more effective and why

19 USE THE FORCE Active or Passive Which is better? 1.a This text is written in voice. A suspicious chest was found on a far away planet by a young girl who was following a strange sound. The silver chest was opened to reveal an unusual, old light sabre. The green light sabre was taken by the girl because she thought it might be valuable. At the time, she didn t realise the power that was held by the light sabre. 1.b. This text is written in voice. A young girl, who was following a strange sound, found a suspicious chest on a far away planet. She opened the silver chest to reveal an unusual, old light sabre. The girl took the green light sabre because she thought it might be valuable. At the time, she didn t realise the power the light sabre held. 2.a. This text is written in voice. Last month, the Skywalker home was destroyed by a sandstorm. The roof was ripped off during the storm. The sand buggy was picked up by strong winds and dropped 2 miles from the house. Most of their possessions were lost in the storm. The Skywalkers were housed and fed during the ordeal by family and friends. Luckily, the Skywalkers were able to find help to rebuild their home. The walls are being repaired, the roof is being rebuilt, and all of the rooms are being repainted. A lot of money is being spent to repair the house but at least the family wasn t killed by the storm.

20 2.b. This text is written in voice. Last month, a sandstorm destroyed the Skywalker home. The storm ripped the roof off. Strong winds picked up the sand buggy and dropped it 2 miles from the house. The family lost most of their possessions in the storm. Family and friends housed and fed the Skywalkers during the ordeal. Luckily, their home will be rebuilt with help. Friends are repairing the walls, friends are rebuilding the roof and friends are repainting all of the rooms. The Skywalkers are spending a lot of money to repair the house but luckily the storm did not kill the family. USE THE FORCE Active or Passive Which is better? 3.a. This text is written in voice. Stealthily, Luke crept down the stairs, dodging the fourth step in case it creaked. At the bottom, he paused but all he could hear was a silence that filled the corridor. Suddenly, something opened a door and a lone droid rolled towards him. 3.b. This text is written in voice. Stealthily, the stairs were crept down by Luke. The fourth step was dodged in case it creaked. At the bottom, the walking was paused by Luke. The corridor was filled with silence. Suddenly, a door opened and towards him was rolling a lone droid.

21 4.a This text is written in voice. A mechanic attaches the pedals on a sand bike to a toothed wheel the chain wheel. Someone else fixes a smaller wheel, which an engineer calls a sprocket, to the middle of the rear wheel of the bike. Another person in the team connects the chain wheel and the sprocket using a link chain. If anyone breaks the chain, the back wheel cannot turn. 4.b This text is written in voice. The pedals on the sand bike are attached to a toothed wheel the chain wheel. A smaller wheel, which is called a sprocket, is fixed to the middle of the rear wheel of the bike. The chain wheel and the sprocket are connected by a linked chain. If the chain is broken, the back wheel cannot turn.

22 Episode 5 CHOOSE YOUR CHALLENGE Choose one of the four Star Wars writing activities. Be sure to include at least 5 passive sentences in your writing. Plan your passive sentences carefully. Only use them where they are appropriate. Remember, you may make up as many interesting details as you wish. Choices: 1. Poe s Mission Write a report of what happened on Poe s mission to the planet Jakku. 2. X-wing Explanation Write an explanation of how an X-wing is built. Use mechanical and technical language.

23 3. Ewok Battle Write a report of the battle between the Ewoks and the Stormtroopers on the forest moon of Endor. 4. Han Solo s Escape Write a description of how Han Solo manages to escape from Darth Vader s Star Destroyer.

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26 Destroying the Death Star Episode 1 Teacher s notes Is Active or Passive more appropriate? 1. Watch a video clip of a mission from Star Wars. The most important thing is what happened not who did each action. (Episode 4 1:49 1:53) 2. Read an account of the mission written in active. Emphasise how awkward and repetitive it is. 3. How would we rewrite this as passive? Would it read better? Think it, say it, write it... for every sentence. Discuss together as they write. The paragraph may not get finished. 4. Sample answer to help the member of staff give advice. 5. Discuss how a piece of writing isn t best in all active or all passive. There should be a combination when it s appropriate.

27 Possible answer: (Passive Voice) After many attempts to blow up the Death Star, Luke was one of the only X-wing pilots left. The Imperial pilots were led by Darth Vader. His X-wing was flown at high speed to out run the Imperial TIE fighters. It was flown at full throttle. Luke was covered by his partner. The stabiliser was broken. It was locked down by R2D2. Luke s X-wing was fired at by the Death Star guns. Luke s partner was hit. The X-wings were caught by the TIE fighters. The rebel pilots were attacked. Their power was increased by R2D2. Luke s partner was shot by Darth Vader. The Radar was zoomed in. Luke was told to use the force. The force was felt by Darth Vader. R2D2 was bit by a missile. Luke was shot at by Darth Vader. Suddenly, the TIE fighters were attacked by Han Solo who came to help Luke. The Millennium Falcon was flown by Han. The targets on the Death Star were aimed at by Luke. The target was hit with two shots. The X-wing was pulled up just in time. The Death Star was blown up.

28 THE REBELS Episode 2 Teacher s Notes Is it Active or Passive? 1. Sort the sentences into Active or Passive hoops - Be able to explain each decision - Compare similar active/passive sentences. Discuss which is more effective and why. Which noun needs to be emphasised in the sentence? 2. SPAG test type questions based on Star Wars Subject & Object and Active & Passive Voice

29 DARTH VADER Passive Episode 3 Teacher s Notes PARTNER GAME / CHANGING & IMPROVING SENTENCES / SENTENCE BUILDING 1. Spot the Passive Game (Resource example: Activity Sheet Spot the Passive) - 7 sets prepared ahead of time (partner game) 2. Change active to passive / passive to active AND improve each sentence with adverbials, adjectives, relative clauses etc (Resource example: Activity sheet Active to Passive) 3. Passive sentence builder (Given a table with subject / verb / object, write a passive sentence BUT add extra description) (Resource example: Activity Sheet Passive Sentence Builder)

30 USE THE FORCE Passive Episode 4 Teacher s Notes COMPARING LONGER TEXTS, LOOKING AT PRACTICAL EXAMPLES 1. Read two accounts of the same event (one active, one passive) - Discuss which is more effective and why 2. Repeat with other pairs of texts. - Emphasis on text 4 where the passive is very helpful in the explanation text. - Text 4 in passive takes away the unnecessary language (we don t need to know who did what) 3. GAME - Volunteers go up to the front to act out instructions Only give instructions to a volunteer in active or passive depending on the decision of the group