(51) Int Cl.: H02M 1/32 ( ) H05K 5/02 ( ) H02M 5/45 ( ) H02M 5/458 ( ) H02M 7/00 ( )

Transcription

1 (19) TEPZZ_99 _9B_T (11) EP B1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION (4) Date of publication and mention of the grant of the patent: Bulletin 2016/11 (21) Application number: (1) Int Cl.: H02M 1/32 ( ) H0K /02 ( ) H02M /4 ( ) H02M /48 ( ) H02M 7/00 ( ) (22) Date of filing: (4) Heated frequency converter assembly Beheizte Frequenzwandleranordnung Ensemble de convertisseur de fréquence chauffée (84) Designated Contracting States: AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR (30) Priority: FI (43) Date of publication of application: Bulletin 2008/47 (73) Proprietor: ABB Technology Oy Helsinki (FI) (72) Inventor: Kangas, Jani 02210, Espoo (FI) (74) Representative: Kolster Oy Ab Iso Roobertinkatu 23 PO Box Helsinki (FI) (6) References cited: EP-A US-A US-A US-A EP B1 Note: Within nine months of the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent in the European Patent Bulletin, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to that patent, in accordance with the Implementing Regulations. Notice of opposition shall not be deemed to have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent Convention). Printed by Jouve, 7001 PARIS (FR)

2 1 EP B1 2 Description BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0001] The invention relates to a heated frequency converter assembly and a method for heating a frequency converter assembly. [0002] It is known in the art to provide a frequency converter assembly with a heating system to obtain a sufficiently high operating temperature and/or to prevent moisture condensation. A prior art heating system for a frequency converter assembly comprises one or more heating resistor elements, through which current is fed when the assembly is to be heated. When heating is not needed, no current is fed through the heating resistor elements. [0003] Document US 2004/ A1 discloses a frequency converter comprising a switchable precharge resistor, but it is not used for heating [0004] A problem with the above arrangement is the space needed by the heating system and the increase in weight and costs it causes. BRIEF DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION [000] It is an object of the invention to provide a heated frequency converter assembly and a method for heating a frequency converter assembly so as to allow the above problems to be solved. The object of the invention is achieved by a frequency converter assembly and a method characterized by what is stated in the independent claims. The preferred embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims. [0006] The basic idea of the invention is to utilize resistive components already present in a frequency converter assembly not only for their actual purpose of use but also for heating the frequency converter assembly to obtain a sufficiently high operating temperature and/or to prevent moisture condensation. [0007] An advantage of the invention is that it allows the space required by the heating system of the frequency converter assembly, its weight and its manufacturing costs to be reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES [0008] In the following the invention will be described in greater detail in connection with preferred embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 illustrates a heating connection provided with a heating switch in a heated frequency converter assembly of the invention; Figure 2 illustrates a heating connection employing a brake chopper switch; Figure 3 illustrates a heating connection provided with a PTC resistor element; Figure 4 illustrates a frequency converter assembly comprising the heating connection of Figure 1. DETAILED DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION [0009] The heating connection of Figure 1 comprises a charge switch S1, heating switch S2, capacitor element 2, charge resistor element 4 and control means 6. The capacitor element 2 is arranged to smooth voltage variations occurring in the DC voltage intermediate circuit (not shown) of the frequency converter. The charge resistor element 4 is arranged to restrict the charging current of the capacitor element 2 at the start-up of the frequency converter, for example. The charge resistor element 4 is placed into the frequency converter assembly so as to allow the heat it produces to be utilized for heating the frequency converter assembly. [0010] With the charge switch S1 of the connection of Figure 1 in a first position, the current flows from the charge switch S1 to the capacitor element 2 and further to ground, the charge resistor element 4 and the heating switch S2 being currentless. In a second position of the charge switch S1 the current flows through the charge resistor element 4 and the heating switch S2. With the heating switch S2 is in its charging position, the current flowing through the charge resistor element 4 also passed through the capacitor element 2. Then again, when the heating switch S2 occupies its heating position, the current flowing through the charge resistor element 4 does not pass through the capacitor element 2. [0011] The control means 6 are arranged to measure temperature and to change the position of the heating switch S2 between the charging position and the heating position in response to the measured temperature. In an alternative embodiment of the invention the control means 6 may be configured to measure humidity and to change the position of the heating switch S2 between the charging position and the heating position in response to the measured humidity. Further, it is possible to arrange the control means 6 to measure both temperature and humidity and to change the position of the heating switch S2 between the charging position and the heating position in response to the temperature and humidity measurements. [0012] In addition to controlling the heating switch S2, the control means 6 are arranged to change the position of the charge switch S1 between a first position and a second position. [0013] The heating connection of Figure 2 comprises a charge switch S1, capacitor element 2, charge resistor element 4, control means 6, brake chopper switch 10 and brake resistor element 12. The branch with the brake chopper switch 10 extends from a point between the charge resistor element 4 and the capacitor element 2 to ground. The brake resistor element 12 is connected in series with the brake chopper element 10, between the brake chopper element 10 and ground. The brake chopper element 10 and the brake resistor element 12 2

3 3 EP B1 4 of the frequency converter assembly form a unit that is arranged to be connected to a DC voltage intermediate circuit of the frequency converter assembly in such a way that when the brake chopper switch 10 is in its off-position, there is a current flow from a positive branch of the DC voltage intermediate circuit to a negative branch of the DC voltage intermediate circuit through the brake resistor element 12. This kind of coupling allows a braking action to be implemented in a motor fed by the frequency converter. [0014] With the charge switch S1 in a first position and the brake chopper switch 10 in the off-position, current flows from the charge switch S1 to the capacitor element 2 and further to ground. With the charge switch S1 in the first position and the brake chopper switch 10 in the onposition, current flows from the charge switch S1 to ground through the capacitor element 2 and the brake chopper switch 10 connected in parallel. With the charge switch S1 in a second position and the brake chopper switch 10 in the off-position, current flows from the charge switch S1 to the charge resistor element 4 and the capacitor element 2 connected in series and further to ground. With the charge switch S1 in the second position and the brake chopper switch 10 in the on-position, current flows from the charge switch S1 first to the charge resistor element 4 and further to the capacitor element 2 and the brake resistor element 12 connected in parallel, and then to ground. [001] The control means 6 function as described in connection with the embodiment of Figure 1, i.e. they are arranged to measure temperature and/or humidity and to change the position of the brake chopper switch 10 between an on-position and an off-position in response to the measured temperature and/or humidity. [0016] Among the heating connection components of Figure 2 both the brake resistor element 12 and the charge resistor element 4 are placed so as to allow them to be utilized in the heating of the frequency converter assembly. According to an alternative embodiment the brake resistor element 12 is replaced with a short circuit, the heating of the frequency converter assembly being then carried out by the charge resistor element 4 alone. [0017] The heating connection of Figure 3 comprises a charge switch S1, capacitor element 2, charge resistor element 4 and PTC resistor element 8. The PTC resistor element 8 is connected between ground and a point between the charge resistor element 4 and the capacitor element 2. Hence the PTC resistor element 8 is connected in parallel with the capacitor element 2. [0018] With the charge switch S1 in the first position, current flows from the charge switch S1 to the capacitor element 2 and the PTC resistor element 8 connected in parallel and from there to ground. With the charge switch S1 in the second position, current flows from the charge switch S1 first to the charge resistor element 4, then to the capacitor element 2 and the PTC resistor element 8 connected in parallel and from there to ground. [0019] The resistance of the PTC resistor element depends on temperature in that as temperature rises, the resistance increases. The higher the temperature, the less current flows through the PTC resistor element 8. The PTC resistor element 8 is placed into the frequency converter assembly preferably in such a way that the heat it produces can be utilized for heating the frequency converter assembly. [0020] In an alternative embodiment of the invention a separate heating resistor element is connected in series with the PTC resistor 8 of the heating connection of Figure 3. [0021] Figure 4 illustrates a frequency converter assembly comprising the heating connection of Figure 1. In Figure 4 the heating connection of Figure 1 is referred to with reference numeral 30. The heating connection 30 is connected between a positive branch DC+ and a negative branch DC- of the DC voltage intermediate circuit of the frequency converter assembly. The charge switch is connected to the positive branch DC+ and the ground connections of the heating switch and the capacitor element to the negative branch DC-. The DC voltage intermediate circuit is connected between a rectifier unit 31 and an inverter unit 32. The output of the inverter unit 32 has an electric motor M1 connected thereto. The input of the rectifier unit 31 is configured to be connected to a power line. [0022] A person skilled in the art will find it obvious that the basic idea of the invention may be implemented in various ways. The invention and its embodiments are therefore not restricted to the above examples but may vary within the scope of the claims. Claims 1. A heated frequency converter assembly comprising a capacitor element (2) and a charge resistor element (4) configured to restrict the charging current of the capacitor element (2), characterized in that the charge resistor element (4) is further configured to heat the frequency converter assembly in order to produce a sufficiently high temperature of operation and/or to prevent moisture condensation, wherein the frequency converter assembly has a charging mode, in which the current flowing through the charge resistor element (4) also passes through the capacitor element (2), and a heating mode, in which at least an essential part of the current flowing through the charge resistor element (4) does not pass through the capacitor element (2). 2. A heated frequency converter assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a brake chopper switch (10) configured to produce a braking connection of the frequency converter assembly and further configured to change the operating mode of the frequency converter assembly between a charging mode and a heating mode. 3

4 EP B A heated frequency converter assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises a brake resistor element (12) connected in series with a brake chopper switch (10) and configured to heat the frequency converter assembly in the heating mode. 4. A heated frequency converter assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it further comprises control means (6) configured to measure temperature and/or humidity and to change the operating mode of the frequency converter assembly between the charging mode and the heating mode in response to the measured temperature and/or humidity.. A heated frequency converter assembly comprising a capacitor element (2) and a charge resistor element (4) configured to restrict the charging current of the capacitor element (2), characterized in that the charge resistor element (4) is further configured to heat the frequency converter assembly in order to produce a sufficiently high temperature of operation and/or to prevent moisture condensation, wherein there is a PTC resistor element (8) connected in parallel with the capacitor element (2). 6. A method for heating a frequency converter assembly, the frequency converter assembly comprising a capacitor element (2) and a charge resistor element (4) configured to restrict the charging current of the capacitor element (2), the method comprising a charging step, in which the current supplied through the charge resistor element (4) also flows through the capacitor element (2), characterized in that the method further comprises a heating step in which at least an essential part of the current supplied through the charge resistor element (4) does not flow through the capacitor element (2). Patentansprüche Beheizte Frequenzumrichteranordnung mit einem Kondensatorelement (2) und einem Ladewiderstandselement (4), das konfiguriert ist, den Ladestrom des Kondensatorelements (2) zu begrenzen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ladewiderstandselement (4) ferner konfiguriert ist, die Frequenzumrichteranordnung zu beheizen, um eine ausreichend hohe Betriebstemperatur zu erzeugen und/oder die Kondensation von Feuchtigkeit zu verhindern, wobei die Frequenzumrichteranordnung einen Lademodus, in dem der durch das Ladewiderstandselement (4) fließende Strom auch durch das Kondensatorelement (2) fließt, und einen Beheizungsmodus hat, in dem zumindest ein wesentlicher Teil des durch das Ladewiderstandselement (4) fließenden Stroms nicht durch das Kondensatorelement (2) fließt. 2. Beheizte Frequenzumrichteranordnung nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie ferner einen Brems-Chopperschalter (10) aufweist, der konfiguriert ist, eine Bremsschaltung der Frequenzumrichteranordnung herzustellen, und ferner konfiguriert ist, den Betriebsmodus der Frequenzumrichteranordnung zwischen einem Lademodus und einem Beheizungsmodus zu wechseln. 3. Beheizte Frequenzumrichteranordnung nach Patentanspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie ferner ein Bremswiderstandselement (12) aufweist, das mit einem Brems-Chopperschalter (10) in Reihe geschaltet und konfiguriert ist, die Frequenzumrichteranordnung im Beheizungsmodus zu beheizen. 4. Beheizte Frequenzumrichteranordnung nach einem der Patentansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie ferner Steuermittel (6) aufweist, die konfiguriert sind, Temperatur und/oder Feuchtigkeit zu messen und den Betriebsmodus der Frequenzumrichteranordnung zwischen dem Lademodus und dem Beheizungsmodus als Reaktion auf die gemessene Temperatur und/oder Feuchtigkeit zu wechseln.. Beheizte Frequenzumrichteranordnung mit einem Kondensatorelement (2) und einem Ladewiderstandselement (4), das konfiguriert ist, den Ladestrom des Kondensatorelements (2) zu begrenzen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ladewiderstandselement (4) ferner konfiguriert ist, die Frequenzumrichteranordnung zu beheizen, um eine ausreichend hohe Betriebstemperatur zu erzeugen und/oder die Kondensation von Feuchtigkeit zu verhindern, wobei ein PTC-Widerstandselement (8) mit dem Kondensatorelement (2) parallel geschaltet ist. 6. Verfahren zum Beheizen einer Frequenzumrichteranordnung, welche Frequenzumrichteranordnung ein Kondensatorelement (2) und ein Ladewiderstandselement (4) aufweist, das konfiguriert ist, den Ladestrom des Kondensatorelements (2) zu begrenzen, wobei das Verfahren eine Ladephase aufweist, in der der durch das Ladewiderstandselement (4) gespeiste Strom auch durch das Kondensatorelement (2) fließt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verfahren ferner eine Beheizungsphase aufweist, in der zumindest ein wesentlicher Teil des durch das Ladewiderstandselement (4) gespeisten Stroms nicht durch das Kondensatorelement (2) fließt. 4

5 7 EP B1 8 Revendications 1. Ensemble de convertisseur de fréquence chauffé comprenant un élément de condensateur (2) et un élément de résistance de charge (4) configuré pour restreindre le courant de charge de l élément de condensateur (2), caractérisé en ce que l élément de résistance de charge (4) est en outre configuré pour chauffer l ensemble de convertisseur de fréquence afin de produire une température de fonctionnement suffisamment élevée et/ou d empêcher une condensation d humidité, dans lequel l ensemble de convertisseur de fréquence a un mode de charge, dans lequel le courant s écoulant à travers l élément de résistance de charge (4) passe également à travers l élément de condensateur (2), et un mode de chauffage, dans lequel au moins une partie essentielle du courant s écoulant à travers l élément de résistance de charge (4) ne passe pas à travers l élément de condensateur (2) Ensemble de convertisseur de fréquence chauffé comprenant un élément de condensateur (2) et un élément de résistance de charge (4) configuré pour restreindre le courant de charge de l élément de condensateur (2), caractérisé en ce que l élément de résistance de charge (4) est en outre configuré pour chauffer l ensemble de convertisseur de fréquence afin de produire une température de fonctionnement suffisamment élevée et/ou d empêcher une condensation d humidité, dans lequel il y a un élément de résistance PTC (8) relié en parallèle à l élément de condensateur (2). 6. Procédé de chauffage d un ensemble de convertisseur de fréquence, l ensemble de convertisseur de fréquence comprenant un élément de condensateur (2) et un élément de résistance de charge (4) configuré pour restreindre le courant de charge de l élément de condensateur (2), le procédé comprenant une étape de charge dans laquelle le courant fourni à travers l élément de résistance de charge (4) s écoule également à travers l élément de condensateur (2), caractérisé en ce que le procédé comprend en outre une étape de chauffage dans laquelle au moins une partie essentielle du courant fourni à travers l élément de résistance de charge (4) ne s écoule pas à travers l élément de condensateur (2). 2. Ensemble de convertisseur de fréquence chauffé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu il comprend en outre un commutateur de hacheur de freinage (10) configuré pour produire une liaison de freinage de l ensemble de convertisseur de fréquence et configuré en outre pour changer le mode de fonctionnement de l ensemble de convertisseur de fréquence entre un mode de charge et un mode de chauffage Ensemble de convertisseur de fréquence chauffé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu il comprend en outre un élément de résistance de frein (12) relié en série à un commutateur de hacheur de freinage (10) et configuré pour chauffer l ensemble de convertisseur de fréquence dans le mode de chauffage Ensemble de convertisseur de fréquence chauffé selon l une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu il comprend en outre des moyens de commande (6) configurés pour mesurer une température et/ou une humidité et pour changer le mode de fonctionnement de l ensemble de convertisseur de fréquence entre le mode de charge et le mode de chauffage en réponse à la température mesurée et/ou à l humidité mesurée

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8 EP B1 REFERENCES CITED IN THE DESCRIPTION This list of references cited by the applicant is for the reader s convenience only. It does not form part of the European patent document. Even though great care has been taken in compiling the references, errors or omissions cannot be excluded and the EPO disclaims all liability in this regard. Patent documents cited in the description US A1 [0003] 8