SPEED CONTROL OF INDUCTION MOTOR VIA PIC CONTROLLER USING LAB VIEW

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1 Advanced Materials Research Online: ISSN: , Vol. 768, pp doi: / Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland SPEED CONTROL OF INDUCTION MOTOR VIA PIC CONTROLLER USING LAB VIEW L. Venkatesan 1,a, A.D. Janarthanan 2,b, P.R. Aarthi 3,c,and R. Arulmozhiyal 4,d 1 PG Scholar, Department of PED, Sona College of Technology, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India. 2 PG Scholar, Department of PED, Sona College of Technology, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India. 3 PG Scholar, Department of CIE, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India 4 Associate Professor, Department of EEE, Sona College of Technology, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India. a venkatesan.control@gmail.com, b er.janarthanan@gmail.com, c jehovahaar@gmail.com, d arulmozhiyal@gmail.com Keywords: Lab VIEW, Single Phase Induction motor, Speed Control, Pic Controller Abstract. This paper gives an overview on Speed control of Induction Motor via Pic Controller using Lab VIEW. For Monitoring and controlling the Induction motor speed we can use the Lab View Simulation software. Lab VIEW Software can be used for continuous monitoring in an Real Time System applications. Most of the Industrial Automation control process are done by Lab VIEW software only. Lab VIEW Software plays major role in Industrial Monitoring and control systems. There are various types of controller used in Drive control systems in order to perform some actions such as Speed control, Run Motor in both forward and reverse direction. Here we have used Pic Controller for speed control process. From Lab VIEW software we can send Signals to Pic Controller to Run Induction Motor in either Forward/Reverse Direction and we can set the Speed of the Motor. INTRODUCTION Today's problem in Designing field is usage of many Control Circuits. Increases on Circuit Wiring number's increases along with the increase in control circuits. Only way to reduce the wiring and control circuits is to implement the required control task in program level in any simulation Software's. Thus it lead a way to reduce the hardware cost. Hardware Level Implementation of control circuits for Long Distance Control is complicated and controlling process is also inaccurate. we need to add required additional external circuits for modified Process which will increase the cost but it will be implemented with the high signal to noise ratio. Same control circuits cannot be used for different Motor Speed control applications. By Rapid Growth of Lab VIEW'S simulation program have easily made the engineering design with lesser the materials required, it is because the entire design is implemented in software programming paradigm. Lab VIEW along with Pic Controller had been commonly used in the industry for controlling the speed on induction Motors. Thus Designing distance control machinery is now possible in this method along with interfacing with Ethernet mode [1]. Modes Of configurations Lab VIEW Lab VIEW meant for Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation Engineering Workbench and is a (G programming) graphical development environment for generating flexible and scalable design, control, and test applications rapidly at minimal cost. Lab VIEW programs are also named as virtual instruments, or VI. In general Lab VIEW has three main elements: the front panel, the block diagram and the connector panel. Lab VIEW has front-end interface applications that allow the user to build the controls and indicators. These controls are including icons, push buttons, dials, and other input mechanism. Indicators are graphs, LEDs, and other output displays. Meanwhile, the block diagram lets the user to add code using VIs and structures to control the front panel objects. The connector panel allows user to represent a single VI as a sub VI icon that can be called in another VI. All rights reserved. No part of contents of this paper may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of Trans Tech Publications, (# , Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA-19/09/16,08:52:12)

2 360 Energy Efficient Technologies for Sustainability The elements are illustrated in Figure 1. Figure 1. Three main elements of Lab VIEW software. LEVELS OF LAB VIEW SIMULATION VIRTUAL IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS The objective in this paper is to control Induction motor using Lab View simulation Software. To achieve this objectives, the establishment of the communication between Lab VIEW and Induction motor has to be done and it should be verified. Since system is not an SCADA based control so there is no practical data measurement acquire from the actual output of the motor. The system has three-layer network architecture illustrated in Figure 2. Table 1 THE DETAILS OF TAGS AND ITS CONNECTION TO PIC CONTROLLER TAG NAME CONNECTED TERMINAL S1 S2 S3 TERMINAL NAME input1 (Forward/Stop) Input2 (Reverse/Stop) Input 3 (Multispeed reference 1) Figure 2 Three-Layer Network Architecture IMPLEMENTATION OF VI DESIGN The main objective of the VI program used in this paper is to allow user to make the decision of the start and stop operation of the motor, either in forward or reverse the direction, and to set the speed of the induction motor by changing the frequency of the motor, by perform two simple step. This process is implemented in VI's by using some Logics applied. Very First step in this simulation is to change the SET Value to change the Speed of the Induction Motor to the desired speed. Secondly Press the power Button of Forward/Reverse Icon on the Front Panel. Figure 1 shows the VI Front Panel. We have created 3 tags and used in the implementation, and the details of the tags have been tabulated in Table 1.By referring to Figure 1, when we press the Forward Push Button to determine the motor is turning in forward direction. Meanwhile, the Reverse Push button is the switch to determine the motor is turning in reverse direction. The Frequency which is labelled as SET Value is the key program to control the frequency as well as the speed of the motor. The push button labelled as Stop function to stop the program execution.

3 Advanced Materials Research Vol By referring to Figure 1, if the user has switched on the Forward button, the signal will be transmitted to the outputbit1, i.e. the signal will be Generated from the Pic Controller to the Mosfet Driver Circuit. when Mosfet receives its Gate signal, then it successfully triggers and accelerate the Induction motor to run in the Forward direction. The same process is identical to the reverse direction as well. In Figure 3 it describes about the programming part of the VI Block Diagram. The following VI components that will be viewable in both Front Panel and Block Diagram. For Example the push buttons, knob, light indicator. But the Red colour square boxes without dotted lines are the VI component that is visible in Block Diagram but they are not visible in Front Panel, which is essential VI to structure the program. For example, Logics used with in Case Structure and the While loop. This While loop is similar concept which we use the While loop in C Programming. It is used in this VI Program to ensure the program execute continuously until the stop button is triggered. We can split this VI block diagram in to two parts of the program. First part of the program is to allow user to switch on either Forward or Reverse direction of the squirrel cage 1/4 Hp induction motor. The second part of the program is to vary the frequency of the motor by Setting the SET Value. For example, if the user set the input as 8 Hz, in which the input range of this value is within 7<=x<14. Therefore, the Boolean number of Multi-step speed reference 1 is 1, and the rest are 0. Then, this signal triggers the variable frequency drive to deliver the frequency of 7 Hz. Figure 3. VI Block Diagram of the project. Figure 4. VI block diagram program (motor orientation switching part). PWM MOSFET DRIVER CIRCUIT This circuit shown in figure 5 is mainly designed to control the speed of the AC induction motor. The MOSFET are used to control the speed of the motor by varying the supply voltage to the motors. The PWM waves are generated by the PIC microcontroller is used to Switch the MOSFET at very high speed. When both Transistors BC547 & BC557 are conducting it provides 12v to turn On MOSFET Q1 & Q2. By Turning ON MOSFET it delivers the output on its center tapped transformer. From this CTP the DC input is given to middle terminal and other two end terminals are connected in the each of the MOSFET drivers Drain terminal. The DC input negative terminal is connected in the source terminal. Due to high switching speed the given DC input is converted to related sine wave which is step up through the transformer. This AC voltage is delivered in the transformer secondary. This AC voltage can be used to drive the AC induction motor.

4 362 Energy Efficient Technologies for Sustainability Figure 5. MOSFET Driver circuit. TESTING AND VERIFICATION We have test this Project in hardware level implementation as the final stage of this project as shown in figure 6 & 7. We have tested this project step by step process in both Forward and in Reverse Directions. We found good results from this project with low setting time at desired speed. Thus Speed Control on Induction Motor has been implemented with the Lab VIEW Software and experimentally tested successfully. We can consume energy by this approach since load required speed frequency and direction of motor rotation are designed in simulation level to avoid more hardware control circuits implementation. Power consuming hardware circuits also reduced in this method. Figure 6. Pic Controller Kit with MOSFET Driver circuit. Figure 7. 1/4 HP Single Phase Induction Motor. SPECIFICATIONS CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION NAME Induction Motor Driver Circuit Controller TYPE Speed Measurement Sensor Serial Communication Software MODEL 1/4 HP -230 V MOSFET IRS840 PIC 16F877A Inductive Type Proximity Sensor Max 232 IC LAB VIEW 2012

5 Advanced Materials Research Vol RESULT In Figure 8 represents the Results obtained from Lab view. User can continuously monitor and control the speed of the Single phase Induction motor from their Control Room. In this project Data Logging for Speed Measurement is done from Simulation end,so Changes in Speed is noted in Excel Spread sheet. CONCLUSIONS Figure 8. Lab View Output Thus we came to conclude, that from this the objective, scope and fundamental requirements of the project had been achieved. User with the Lab VIEW software we can control and monitor the Speed of the Induction motor.in overall, choosing Lab VIEW as the human machine interface for the implementation is a proper decision as it has various types of applications and functions that are easy to understand and use. Additionally, this approach is more economical as the objectives of the system implementation have been achieved with only basic functionality of the Lab VIEW toolkits used. REFERENCES [1] Venkatesan, L.; Arulmozhiyal, R.; Janarthanan, A.D. "Simulation approach on step speed control of Induction Motor using Lab View", Computer Communication and Informatics (ICCCI), 2013 International Conference on, 4-6 Jan doi : /ICCCI [2] N. N. Barsoum and J. A. Roland, "Ethernet Lab VIEW Control," Undergraduate Thesis, Curtin University Sarawak Campus, Sarawak, [3] National Instruments, "Using the Lab VIEW Shared variable," devzone/cda/tut/p/id/4679 [4] National Instruments, Getting Started with Lab VIEW, National Instruments, Technique Report F-01, Reference to a book: [5] P.S.Bimbra, Power Electronics, third edition, Khanna Publishers, 1994