An Advance Intelligent Ambulance With Online Patient Monitoring System

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1 An Advance Intelligent Ambulance With Online Patient Monitoring System Ankit Jha, Lalit Kanwar, Mayur Solanki, Shyam Sunder Joshi, Smt. Sarita Chauhan ABSTRACT The traffic congestion problems are the phenomenon which contributed huge impact to the transportation system. Ambulance service is one of the major services which get affected by traffic jams. So many important schedules get delayed due to these traffic jams. To solve this problem we have come up with the solution of An Advance Intelligent Ambulance With Online Patient Monitoring System. In this, we will track the patient s health conditions with following parameters such as heart rate, body temperature, etc. These parameters are sent to any specified cell phone using GSM unit. This system is designed to operate the traffic light, when it receives signals from an emergency vehicles whose signal transmissions are based on radio frequency (RF). This system used 8052, AVR micro-controller for triggering purposes to change the normal state to the emergency state. Here we use an assembly programming for better accuracy and GPS and GSM modules which will trace the vehicle anywhere on the globe. According to this project, when patient s parameters exceed the normal values then the sensor will detect the signal and sends it to micro-controller. The micro-controller will send the alert message through the GSM to an authorized mobile number, which will help in providing better facilities to the patient. Keywords:GPS and GSM modules, micro-controller,radio frequency signals. 1. INTRODUCTION The countries are facing so much problems on traffic light. The intersections between emergency vehicles andother public vehicles cause many accidents [1] [2]. The ambulances are facing difficulties to reach the destination on time because of the traffic congestion. Moreover, the situation is getting worse when an emergency vehicles have to wait for other vehicles to give way at traffic lights. This causes a delay of time and may affect the emergency case. Besides, the collisions with other vehicles from other direction might occur at intersections when emergency vehicles had to override the red traffic lights. All these difficulties faced by emergency vehicles can be avoided using this traffic light control system based on radio frequency. When ambulance vehicle reached at the traffic light intersection, the signal code will sent information of frequency modulation to the receiver which will work in between 100 meter range. The receiver module will demodulate the received code and the red traffic light will automatically be triggered at all the junctions and ambulance will easily reached to the destination. The ambulance will send radio frequency signals to the traffic control unit to manage the traffic light. Thus, the ambulance will have the special route from the other primary vehicles to reach the destination. The sensors which are attached in the ambulance system will monitor the patient s health and if the status exceeds the nominal values, the GSM module send the tracked data to the other GSM unit. In this way the hospital unit will get ready to treat the patient before it reached to the hospital. The main advantage of this project is that it is operated on 5V DC only, which can be easily available. 2. TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEM Whenever the ambulance get nearer to the traffic lighti.e. in the range of approximately 100 meter, the traffic signal will be made to green through RF communication. Thereby the ambulance is recommended to reach the hospital in time. This will save the patient from delaying in the traffic. 2.1 Radio Frequency Transmission A radio frequency (RF) signal begins as an electricalalternating current (AC) signal that is originally generated by a transmitter. This AC signal is sent via a copper conductor which usually a coaxial cable and radiated out of an antenna element in the form of an electromagnetic wave. Changes of current flow in the antenna produce changes in the electromagnetic fields around the antenna [2]. The figure 1 shows the block diagram of transmitting unit. This unit consists of decoders, PIC (Peripheral Interface Controller) micro-controller with RF transmitter. Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2015 Page 1

2 Figure 1Block diagram of transmitting signal unit 2.2 RF Based Wireless Remote T x -R x Modules This circuit utilizes the RF module, transmitter and receiver (TX-RX) for making a wireless remote [4], which could be used to drive an output from a distant place. RF module uses radio frequency to send signals. These signals are transmitted at particular frequency. A receiver can receive these signals only ifit is configured for that frequency [3]. The figure 2 shows interfacing of PIC with HT12D encoder, GSM modem, etc. Figure 2 Block diagram for interfacing of PIC with other devices A four channel encoder/decoder pair has also been used in this system. The input signals at the transmitter side are taken through four switches whilethe outputs are monitored on a set of four light emitting diodes (LED) corresponding to each input switch. The circuit can be used for designing remote appliance control system. This RF transmission system employs Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) with transmitter/receiver (Tx/Rx) pair operating at 434 MHz. The transmitter module takes serial input and transmits these signals through RF. The transmitted signals are received by the receiver module placed away from the source of transmission. The decoder is used after the RF receiver to decode the serial format and retrieve the original signals as outputs. These outputs can be observed on corresponding LEDs. Transmission through RF is better than infrared (IR) because of many reasons. The figure 3 shows the blocks used in receiving signal unit which is connected at the traffic light end. Figure 3 Block diagram of receiving signal unit Firstly, signals through RF can travel through largerdistances making it suitable for long range applications. Besides, while IR mostly operates in line-of-sight mode, RF signals can travel even when there is an obstruction between transmitter and receiver. Next, RF transmission is more strong and reliable than IR transmission. RF communication uses a specific frequency unlike IR signals which are affected by other IR emitting sources. Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2015 Page 2

3 3. HOSPITAL SYSTEM One of the receiver units is hospital unit. This unit includes GSM trans-receiver. In this setup, GSM is used as source of information to hospital from ambulance. GSM is duplex unit and capable of transferring data as well as voice. Parameters of patient measured in ambulance are received by GSM receiver with delay of 5 sec. These parameters should be displayed on screen, so GSM has accompanied with computer specified cell phone, which is compatible to receive data in appropriate form which is very user friendly. In this way, we are using stack for storing receiveddata. After every 5 sec interval, data get updated and displayed on monitors. According to displayed data, appropriate action required can be suggested via message or call as process of typing a message and sending it, is very time consumable, call back is prefers. So we are using GSM unit in simplex mode, so as to avoid its time restrictions. So, at hospital unit GSM and computer fulfill the need of receiver application. The GPS is installed in the ambulance which sendsthe location. The unit consists of a user interface, GPSsystem and a GSM module [5]. The block diagram for hospital system unit is shown in figure 4. Figure 4 Block diagram of hospital system unit 4. AMBULANCE SYSTEM As we have already discussed about the RF signalswhich are used in signal transmission and reception. The transmitter section for traffic light controlling is fixed in the ambulance unit. As you can see in the block diagram in figure 5, there are various important components that makes the ambulance control unit or ambulance unit to work properly. Figure 5 Block diagram of Ambulance Unit Heart rate is very important parameter in patient shealth monitoring. It is being monitored by the sensing circuit which uses L14F1 and LM35 [7]. The heart rate is then interfaced with programmable interface controller (PIC). Similarly regarding the temperature of patient we are using LM35 as the sensing unit. It does not require any signal conditioning unit as it gives the output in adequate form with respect to Amplitude and accuracy. The sensor consists of a super bright red LED and light detector [8]. The LED needs to be super bright as the light must pass through finger and detected at other end see in figure6. When the heart pumps apulse of blood through the blood vessels, the finger becomes slightly more opaque and so less light reached the detector. With each heart pulse the detector signal varies. This variation is converted to electrical pulse. This signal is amplified and triggered through an amplifier which outputs +5V logic level signal. The output signal is also indicated on top by a LED which blinks on each heartbeat. Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2015 Page 3

Figure 6 Heart Beat sensor principle The following components are used in this unit. Each components of this unit are very necessary for complete working. MAX 232. GSM Trans-receiver. HT12E Encoder.

The proposed system uses a micro-controller interfaced with sensors, which changes the junction timing automatically to accommodate movement of vehicles smoothly avoiding unnecessary waiting time at

4 Figure 6 Heart Beat sensor principle The following components are used in this unit. Each components of this unit are very necessary for complete working. MAX 232. GSM Trans-receiver. HT12E Encoder. T x 433 (Transmitter Module). The proposed system uses a micro-controller interfaced with sensors, which changes the junction timing automatically to accommodate movement of vehicles smoothly avoiding unnecessary waiting time at the junction. The MAX232 has two receivers and two drivers. This means only two of the RS-232 signals can be converted in each direction. Typically a pair of a driver/receiver of the MAX232 is used for TX and RX signals, and the second one for CTS and RTS signals. The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellitenavigation system that provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near the earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to GPS satellites. In this project we use a GPS system which is attached with ambulance system. This GPS store the tracked location and send it over the GSM modem to the hospital unit or the preferred destination. Figure 7GSM Modem with SIM card for sending patient s data 5. SIMULATED RESULTS For compilation and simulation of coding KEIL and PROTEUS software are used. Simulation helps you understand hardware configurations and avoids time wasted on setup problems. When testing the software application with target hardware, use the MON51, MON390, MONADI, or FlashMON51 Target Monitors, the ISD51 In-System Debugger, or the ULINK USBJTAG Adapter to download and test program code on your target system. There are two types of AT commands: basic commands and extended commands. Basic commands are AT commands that do not start with +. For example, D (Dial), A (Answer), H (Hook control) and O (Return to online data state) are basic commands. Extended commands are AT commands that start with +. All GSM AT commands are extended commands. For example, +CMGS (Send SMS message), +CMSS (Send SMS message from storage), +CMGL (List SMS messages) and +CMGR (Read SMS messages) are extended commands. Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2015 Page 4

5 A. Traffic Light Simulation Figure 8Software simulation Figure 9 Green light at position 1 is ON Figure 10Green light at position 4 is ON for 10 secs Figure 11 Yellow light at position 4 is ON for 10 secs Figure 12Normal traffic light sequence Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2015 Page 5

B. Simulation For LCD Figure 13 Software simulation for LCD The output of LCD can be seen in Figure14. The LCDshows the readings of patient s temperature and heart rate/ heart beat.

PROJECT S ADVANTAGES AND FUTURE SCOPES There are several advantages of this projects. By using its concepts we can implement various useful applications.

6 B. Simulation For LCD Figure 13 Software simulation for LCD The output of LCD can be seen in Figure14. The LCDshows the readings of patient s temperature and heart rate/ heart beat. The figure 8 to figure 14 are the outputs from the software and the hardware. Figure 14 LCD output from hardware 6. PROJECT S ADVANTAGES AND FUTURE SCOPES There are several advantages of this projects. By using its concepts we can implement various useful applications. Some of the advantages are as follows: Ambulance service will no longer be affected bytraffic jams. Use of radio frequency signal which cannot beblocked by objects. Over a wide range applicability. One time investment cost. Helpful in saving people life. Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2015 Page 6

7 For future works, we can implement this project by using GPS system. This project can be enhanced in such away as tocontrol automatically the signals depending on the traffic density on the roads using sensors like IRDetector/receiver module extended with automatic turn off when no vehicles are running on any side of the road which helps in power consumption saving. In ambulance system, the data of the patient in the ambulance can be sent to the Hospitals via GSM technology. Thus, it can provide early and fast treatment of the patient. 7. CONCLUSION This project have achieved the main objective statedearlier which is analyzing and implementing the wireless communication; the radio frequency (RF) transmission in the traffic light control system for emergency vehicles. The prototype of this project is using the frequency of 434 MHz compared to the range of about 3 khz to 300 GHz of frequency which have been reserved for the RF theoretically. Besides, the functionality of this project proved that the other objectives have been successfully attained which are designing an emergency sequence mode of traffic light when emergency vehicles passing by an intersection and changing the sequence back to the normal sequence before the emergency mode was triggered. The sequences for this project has been developed using the programming in the micro-controller AVR. In future, this prototype system can be improvedby controlling the real traffic situation and the study can be done by investigating the length, reception and transmission issue for the system to be operated with this traffic light system. Real time Wireless technology can be implemented in the same design, wherein the patient s useful parameters will be sent to the hospital unit via hi-tech technology. So that the exact situation of the patient will be known to the doctors and necessary initial treatment could be provided. Wireless and mobile technologies are key components that would help enable patients suffering from chronicheart diseases to live in their own homes and lead their normal life, while at the same time being monitored for any cardiac events. This will not only serve to reduce the burden on the resources of the healthcare center but would also improve the quality of healthcare sector. REFERENCES [1]. Mr.S.Iyyappan, Mr.V.Nandagopal, Automatic Accident Detection And Ambulance Rescue With Intelligent TrafficLight System, International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering Vol. 2, Issue 4, April [2]. Sachin Jaiswal, Tushar Agarwal, Akanksha Singh and Lakshita, Intelligent Traffic Control Unit, International Journal of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering 2(2): 66-72(2013). [3]. Amnesh Goel, Nidhi Chandra, Sukanya Ray Intelligent Traffic Light System to Prioritized Emergency Purpose Vehicles Based On Wireless Sensor Network, IJCA ( ) Volume 40-No.12, February [4]. N. M. Z. Hashim, A. S. Jaafar, N. A. Ali, L. Salahuddin, N. R. Mohamad, M. A. Ibrahim Traffic Light Control System for Emergency Vehicles Using Radio Frequency, IOSR Journal of Engineering (IOSRJEN),e-ISSN: , p-issn: , Vol. 3, Issue 7 (July. 2013), -V5-PP [5]. A. Brown,Y.Lu, and J. Nordlie, Integrated GPS/TOA Navigation using a Positioning and Communication software Defined Radio, Precedings of ION GNSS 2005, Long Beach, California, September [6]. Malik Tubaishat, Qi Qi, Yi Shang, Hongchi Shi Wireless Sensor-Based Traffic Light Control IEEE CCNC 2008 proceedings /08. [7]. Y. Chen, Wireless heart rate monitor with infrared detecting module, US A1, [8]. S. Rhee, B.-H. Yang, and H. H. Asada, Modeling of Finger Photoplethysmography for Wearable Sensors, The 1999 Annual Fall Meeting of the Biomedical Engineering. Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2015 Page 7

ADVANCED TRAFFIC CLEARANCE SYSTEM FOR AMBULANCE CLEARANCE USING RF-434 MODULE

Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 14(4), 2016, 3107-3112 ISSN 0972-768X www.sadgurupublications.com ADVANCED TRAFFIC CLEARANCE SYSTEM FOR AMBULANCE CLEARANCE USING RF-434 MODULE R. SURSHKUMAR *, R. BALAJI, G. MANIKANDAN