INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS AND TRANSMISSION MEDIA

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS AND TRANSMISSION MEDIA"

Transcription

1 COMM.ENG INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS AND TRANSMISSION MEDIA 9/9/2017 LECTURES 1

2 Objectives To give a background on Communication system components and channels (media) A distinction between analogue and digital communication systems Modulation techniques Limitation imposed on communication system performance Multiplexing (MUX) and demultiplexing (DMUX) Guided and unguided media 2

3 1-Long distance communication. FIRE SIGNALS ARRANGED SIGNS SMOKE SIGNALS OPTICAL TELEGRAPH DRUM TELEGRAPH WIRE COMM SYS WIRELESS COMM SYS 9/9/2017 LECTURES SATELLITE COMM SYS MOBILE COMM SYS 3

4 2-History of communication systems 1837 Telegraph; first electronic comm. system which transfer information in form of dots, dashes and spaces (Samuel Morse) 1876 Telephone; transfer human conversation (Alexander Graham Bell & Thomas A. Watson) 1894 First Wireless Radio Signal (Guglielmo Marconi) 1908 Triode Vacuum Tube Amplifier (Lee Forest) 1920 AM Radio Broadcasting 1933 FM modulation (Edwin Howard Armstrong) 1936 TV Broadcast; FM broadcasting 1947 Transistor Invention 1960 Digital communications 1965 First Commercial Satellite Systems 1970 First Internet Node; Darpa-net, Aloha-net 1980 Development of TCP/IP; Transport Control Protocol, Internet Protocol 1990 First Digital Mobile System 1993 Invention of Web 9/9/2017 LECTURES 4

5 Transmitter baseband Input sensor message Information source 3-Communication system passband Information source: Generates the message to be transmitted This message could be words, codes, symbols, sound signal, music, video i.e., the source produces the required message to be transmitted Input Sensor: Converts message into electric signal (baseband signal ) Transmitter (Tx): Converts (Process) baseband signal into format appropriate for channel transmission (passband signal) and/or to enhance the communication link performance 5

6 Transmitter baseband Input sensor message Information source passband Channel Transmission media RECEIVER Channel: It is the medium between transmitter and receiver in which the pass band signal is going to be transmitted through it. Most channels introduce distortion, noise, and interference Important characteristic of the channel -Type of channel (linear, nonlinear, ) -Power required to achieve S/N ratio -BW of the channel -Amplitude and phase response of the channel -Effects of the interference on channel performance 9/9/2017 LECTURES 6

7 Amplitude Transmitter baseband Input sensor message Information source passband Channel Transmission media RECEIVER Telephone channel -Provides service for voice signal as telephones -BW: KHz -S/N: about 30 db -Response : approximately linear Frequency, KHz Satellite channel -Provides service different communications, can reach remote places and can communicate with mobile devices -Operates at low GHz bands -Acts as repeaters with Rx antenna, transponder with Tx antenna -Uplink from ground station to satellite and downlink is the opposite way of transmission -Subjected to attenuation depending on power, frequency, antenna size and atmospheric condition i.e., the channel is considered as the center of operation of a communication system that determines the system capacity and quality of services (QoS) 9/9/2017 LECTURES 7

8 Transmitter Channel Receiver Input sensor passband baseband baseband Transmission media Output RECEIVER sensor message message Information source Destination information Receiver (Rx): Process received signal to estimate the baseband signal O/p sensor: Convert baseband signal to a message similar to generated one 9/9/2017 LECTURES 8

9 Amplitude 4- Modulation Baseband signal The signal which is not modulated is the baseband signal All electrical equivalent signal of the voice, data and picture signal are called baseband signal. Its spectrum occupies the frequency spectrum right from zero Hz Bandpass signal The modulated signal is the bandpass signal Shifting the baseband signal in frequency domain gives a band pass signal. Its spectrum occupies the frequency spectrum from certain lowest frequency f 1 to the highest frequency f 2 Frequency, Hz Frequency, Hz 9

10 Baseband transmission The original information (sound) is converted into electrical signal (baseband signal) and placed directly on the telephone lines for transmission Also the computer data (baseband) is transmitted on the coaxial cables in the computer network The point is, the baseband signal of sound ( low frequency) cannot be transmitted for long distances in free space, so modulation should be used Why we do modulation? -Possible radiation low frequency signals from an antenna in a form of electromagnetic energy -The information signal is often occupy the same frequency so, it is subjected to interference - Reduction of the antenna physical dimension (l λ /2) - Possible multiplexing and demultiplexing - Improves the quality of reception 10

11 EX: Modulation avoids interference 11

12 Modulation Modulating signal (Low frequency) Modulator Modulated signal Carrier signal (High frequency) In modulation process, some parameters of the carrier ( amplitude, frequency and phase) are varied in accordance with the modulating signal Demodulation process, is the opposite to that in the transmitter 12

13 AM modulation 13

14 FM modulation 14

15 PM modulation 15

16 ASK,FSK,PSK modulation Information Carrier ASK modulation FSK modulation PSK modulation 16

17 5-Classifications of communications systems According to channel media: GUIDED CH. UNGUIDED CH. Copper Cables Optical Fiber RF BAND MW BAND Twisted pair Single mode cable Co-axial Multi-mode cable Waveguide 9/9/2017 LECTURES Terrestrial Cellular LOS NLOS Satellite Mobile Portable Fixed 17

18 According to modulation technique( Nature of information signal): ANALOG TR DIGITAL TR AM FM PM BAND PASS BASE BAND ASK FSK PSK SS TDM DS FH AM: Amplitude Modulation FM: Frequency Modulation PM: Phase Modulation ASK: Amplitude Shift Keying FSK: Frequency Shift Keying PSK: Phase Shift Keying SS: Spread Spectrum DS: Direct Sequence FH: Frequency Hoping TDM: Time Division Multiplexing WDM: Wavelength Division Multiplexing 9/9/2017 LECTURES 18

19 Analog devices: maintain exact physical analog of information e.g., microphone at which the voltage v(t) at the output of the microphone is proportional to the sound pressure Sound Sound Microphone (Sensor) Analog Communication System Speaker (Sensor) Digital devices: It uses numbers to process information we should use: Analog-to-digital conversion; ADC in transmission Digital-to-analog conversion; DAC in reception Sound Sound ADC Digital Communication System (Analogue Carrier) DAC Speaker 19

20 Comparison between analogue and digital transmission The transmitted modulated signal is analogue in nature AM, FM, PM, modulation methods are used Amplitude, frequency and phase variation represents the information or message Poor noise immunity in AM, and improved in FM and PM Difficult to use repeaters because it is difficult to separate out noise and signal Difficult to use coding techniques for error detection and correction Lower BW is required than that for the digital modulation techniques FDM is used for multiplexing Not suitable for military applications The transmitted modulated signal is train of digital pulses ASK, FSK, PSK, modulation methods are used The message is transmitted in the form of code words (bits) noise immunity is better for all types of modulation Repeaters could be used because it is possible to separate out noise and signal Coding techniques could for error detection and correction Higher BW channel due to the required higher bit rates TDM is used for multiplexing Suitable because of coding techniques

21 6-Multiplexing (MUX) and demultiplexing (DMUX) MUX: Combining several signals into a single composite signal and transmits it over a communication medium (single channel) (Sometimes the composite signal is used to modulate a carrier before transmission) Multiple input signals MUX Single communication channel (wire or radio) DMUX Original input signals DMUX: At the receiver end of a communication link the DMUX is used to sort out the signals into their original form MUX Analogue FDM WDM Digital TDM 21

22 FDMA A unique frequency slot is assigned to each user for the duration of their call TDMA At the same frequency a user can access the channel at any specific time SLOT N SLOT3 SLOT2 SLOT1 Frequency The number of users within a cell is determined by the number of distinct frequency slots available Time Each user is assigned a distinct time slot to access the channel Applications: High capacity phone lines, AM radio (0.530 MHz MHz, 10 KHz BW per station, FM radio (88 MHz MHz, 200 KHz BW per station, TV broadcasts 6 MHz BW per TV channel, First generation cell phones each user gets two 30 KHz channels sending, receiving Applications: Implemented of telephone data transmission link 22

23 Examples on FDM: It is required to combine the 3 signals of BW KHz + guard band 0.5 KHz each onto one line of higher BW? Solution: -Allocate 4 KHz for each signal to prevent overlapping -Transform each signal to a different frequency range: Signal 1: KHz Signal 2: KHz Signal 3: KHz -At receiver, filters are used to isolate each channel 9/9/2017 LECTURES 23 23

24 Examples on TDM: It is required to combine the 3 signals with time unit 1ms for each signal? Solution: - Each signal is split into fixed-size units of time - Send a unit from each signal alternately Send signal 1 for 1ms Send signal 2 for 1ms Send signal 3 for 1ms Each signal has its own time slot; if it has nothing to send, the slot is left empty to preserve synchronization Tx ed Signals Rx ed Signals

25 LECTURES 25 25

26 7-Transmission modes Simplex (SX): Transmissions only in one direction Transmit-only or receive-only systems TX RX RX RX RX TX RX RX RX Example: -Radio station, TV broadcasting -Telemetry from satellite to earth 9/9/2017 LECTURES 26

27 Half duplex [HDX]: Transmissions in both direction, not simultaneously Two way alternate systems i.e., at a time the system can either transmit or receive Example: -Security -Walky talky set TX/RX Full duplex [FDX]: Transmissions in both direction, simultaneously -Point-to-point communications -Two way simultaneous systems Example: telephone system TX/RX TX/RX TX/RX Full /Full duplex[f/fdx]: Transmissions in both direction, simultaneously... Multi-point communications TX/RX TX/RX TX/R Two-way simultaneous systems Example: data communications systems

28 8-Limitation on comm. sys. performance Bandwidth: The difference between the highest and lowest frequencies contained in the information Bandwidth of the channel: The bandwidth of the channel must be equal or greater than that of the information Noise: Any undesirable electrical energy that falls within the pass band of the signal For digital signal communication system the correspondence limitations could be the bit rate and the bit error rate Equipment limitation: The cost may exceed what the user of the communication system wants to pay Example: If the voice signal frequencies between 0.3 to 3.5 KHz, then the channel needs band width at least 3.2 KHz

29 9-Electromagnetic spectrum and band designation Spectrum f is increasing λ in m λ is increasing f in Hz hf 9/9/2017 LECTURES 29

30 Band designation 9/9/2017 LECTURES 30

31 9/9/2017 LECTURES 31

PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS. Lecture 1- Introduction Elements, Modulation, Demodulation, Frequency Spectrum

PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS. Lecture 1- Introduction Elements, Modulation, Demodulation, Frequency Spectrum PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS Lecture 1- Introduction Elements, Modulation, Demodulation, Frequency Spectrum Topic covered Introduction to subject Elements of Communication system Modulation General

More information

Outline / Wireless Networks and Applications Lecture 3: Physical Layer Signals, Modulation, Multiplexing. Cartoon View 1 A Wave of Energy

Outline / Wireless Networks and Applications Lecture 3: Physical Layer Signals, Modulation, Multiplexing. Cartoon View 1 A Wave of Energy Outline 18-452/18-750 Wireless Networks and Applications Lecture 3: Physical Layer Signals, Modulation, Multiplexing Peter Steenkiste Carnegie Mellon University Spring Semester 2017 http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~prs/wirelesss17/

More information

Multiple Access. Difference between Multiplexing and Multiple Access

Multiple Access. Difference between Multiplexing and Multiple Access Multiple Access (MA) Satellite transponders are wide bandwidth devices with bandwidths standard bandwidth of around 35 MHz to 7 MHz. A satellite transponder is rarely used fully by a single user (for example

More information

Announcements : Wireless Networks Lecture 3: Physical Layer. Bird s Eye View. Outline. Page 1

Announcements : Wireless Networks Lecture 3: Physical Layer. Bird s Eye View. Outline. Page 1 Announcements 18-759: Wireless Networks Lecture 3: Physical Layer Please start to form project teams» Updated project handout is available on the web site Also start to form teams for surveys» Send mail

More information

UNIT 6 ANALOG COMMUNICATION & MULTIPLEXING YOGESH TIWARI EC DEPT,CHARUSAT

UNIT 6 ANALOG COMMUNICATION & MULTIPLEXING YOGESH TIWARI EC DEPT,CHARUSAT UNIT 6 ANALOG COMMUNICATION & MULTIPLEXING YOGESH TIWARI EC DEPT,CHARUSAT Syllabus Multiplexing, Frequency-Division Multiplexing Time-Division Multiplexing Space-Division Multiplexing Combined Modulation

More information

CSCD 433 Network Programming Fall Lecture 5 Physical Layer Continued

CSCD 433 Network Programming Fall Lecture 5 Physical Layer Continued CSCD 433 Network Programming Fall 2016 Lecture 5 Physical Layer Continued 1 Topics Definitions Analog Transmission of Digital Data Digital Transmission of Analog Data Multiplexing 2 Different Types of

More information

Fundament Fundamen als t of Communications

Fundament Fundamen als t of Communications Fundamentals of Communications Communication System Transmitter Medium Receiver Transmitter: originates the signal Receiver: receives transmitted signal after it travels over the medium Medium: guides

More information

Chapter-15. Communication systems -1 mark Questions

Chapter-15. Communication systems -1 mark Questions Chapter-15 Communication systems -1 mark Questions 1) What are the three main units of a Communication System? 2) What is meant by Bandwidth of transmission? 3) What is a transducer? Give an example. 4)

More information

CS441 Mobile & Wireless Computing Communication Basics

CS441 Mobile & Wireless Computing Communication Basics Department of Computer Science Southern Illinois University Carbondale CS441 Mobile & Wireless Computing Communication Basics Dr. Kemal Akkaya E-mail: kemal@cs.siu.edu Kemal Akkaya Mobile & Wireless Computing

More information

CSCD 433 Network Programming Fall Lecture 5 Physical Layer Continued

CSCD 433 Network Programming Fall Lecture 5 Physical Layer Continued CSCD 433 Network Programming Fall 2016 Lecture 5 Physical Layer Continued 1 Topics Definitions Analog Transmission of Digital Data Digital Transmission of Analog Data Multiplexing 2 Different Types of

More information

EITF25 Internet Techniques and Applications L2: Physical layer. Stefan Höst

EITF25 Internet Techniques and Applications L2: Physical layer. Stefan Höst EITF25 Internet Techniques and Applications L2: Physical layer Stefan Höst Data vs signal Data: Static representation of information For storage Signal: Dynamic representation of information For transmission

More information

Introduction to the Communication Process. Digital Transmission MEEC

Introduction to the Communication Process. Digital Transmission MEEC Introduction to the Communication Process Digital Transmission MEEC José Manuel Bioucas Dias Instituto Superior Técnico, 2014 Outline 1. The communication process 2. Elements of a communication system

More information

P. 241 Figure 8.1 Multiplexing

P. 241 Figure 8.1 Multiplexing CH 08 : MULTIPLEXING Multiplexing Multiplexing is multiple links on 1 physical line To make efficient use of high-speed telecommunications lines, some form of multiplexing is used It allows several transmission

More information

Mobile Communication Systems. Part 7- Multiplexing

Mobile Communication Systems. Part 7- Multiplexing Mobile Communication Systems Part 7- Multiplexing Professor Z Ghassemlooy Faculty of Engineering and Environment University of Northumbria U.K. http://soe.ac.uk/ocr Contents Multiple Access Multiplexing

More information

Data Communications. Unguided Media Multiplexing

Data Communications. Unguided Media Multiplexing Data Communications Unguided Media Multiplexing Fiber-Optic Cable A fiber-optic cable is made of glass or plastic and transmits signals in the form of light. If a ray of light traveling through one substance

More information

Week 2. Topics in Wireless Systems EE584-F 03 9/9/2003. Copyright 2003 Stevens Institute of Technology - All rights reserved

Week 2. Topics in Wireless Systems EE584-F 03 9/9/2003. Copyright 2003 Stevens Institute of Technology - All rights reserved Week Topics in Wireless Systems 43 0 th Generation Wireless Systems Mobile Telephone Service Few, high-power, long-range basestations -> No sharing of spectrum -> few users -> expensive 44 Cellular Systems

More information

Bandwidth Utilization:

Bandwidth Utilization: CHAPTER 6 Bandwidth Utilization: In real life, we have links with limited bandwidths. The wise use of these bandwidths has been, and will be, one of the main challenges of electronic communications. However,

More information

EE107 Communication Systems. Introduction

EE107 Communication Systems. Introduction EE107 Communication Systems Introduction Mai Vu 5 September 2017 What is communication? Overview Exchanging/imparting of information What is a communication system? A system facilitating communication

More information

*Most details of this presentation obtain from Behrouz A. Forouzan. Data Communications and Networking, 5 th edition textbook

*Most details of this presentation obtain from Behrouz A. Forouzan. Data Communications and Networking, 5 th edition textbook *Most details of this presentation obtain from Behrouz A. Forouzan. Data Communications and Networking, 5 th edition textbook 1 Multiplexing Frequency-Division Multiplexing Time-Division Multiplexing Wavelength-Division

More information

Electronics Interview Questions

Electronics Interview Questions Electronics Interview Questions 1. What is Electronic? The study and use of electrical devices that operate by controlling the flow of electrons or other electrically charged particles. 2. What is communication?

More information

Contents. Telecom Systems Chae Y. Lee. FDM Bell Systems s FDM Synchronous TDM T1, T3 Statistical TDM Multiple Access: FDMA, TDMA, CDMA

Contents. Telecom Systems Chae Y. Lee. FDM Bell Systems s FDM Synchronous TDM T1, T3 Statistical TDM Multiple Access: FDMA, TDMA, CDMA Multiplexing Contents FDM Bell Systems s FDM Synchronous TDM T1, T3 Statistical TDM Multiple Access: FDMA, TDMA, CDMA 2 Multiplexing/Demultiplexing Multiplexing is the process of combining two or more

More information

Multiplexing Module W.tra.2

Multiplexing Module W.tra.2 Multiplexing Module W.tra.2 Dr.M.Y.Wu@CSE Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai, China Dr.W.Shu@ECE University of New Mexico Albuquerque, NM, USA 1 Multiplexing W.tra.2-2 Multiplexing shared medium at

More information

RADIO RECEIVERS ECE 3103 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

RADIO RECEIVERS ECE 3103 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS RADIO RECEIVERS ECE 3103 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS FUNCTIONS OF A RADIO RECEIVER The main functions of a radio receiver are: 1. To intercept the RF signal by using the receiver antenna 2. Select the

More information

Announcement : Wireless Networks Lecture 3: Physical Layer. A Reminder about Prerequisites. Outline. Page 1

Announcement : Wireless Networks Lecture 3: Physical Layer. A Reminder about Prerequisites. Outline. Page 1 Announcement 18-759: Wireless Networks Lecture 3: Physical Layer Peter Steenkiste Departments of Computer Science and Electrical and Computer Engineering Spring Semester 2010 http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~prs/wirelesss10/

More information

Communications II. Mohammad Fathi Text book: J.G. Proakis and M. Salehi, Communication System Engineering (2 nd Ed) Syllabus

Communications II. Mohammad Fathi Text book: J.G. Proakis and M. Salehi, Communication System Engineering (2 nd Ed) Syllabus Communications II Mohammad Fathi mfathi@uok.ac.ir Course information Text book: J.G. Proakis and M. Salehi, Communication System Engineering (2 nd Ed) Syllabus Introduction: [1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4] Review

More information

Chapter 7 Multiple Division Techniques for Traffic Channels

Chapter 7 Multiple Division Techniques for Traffic Channels Introduction to Wireless & Mobile Systems Chapter 7 Multiple Division Techniques for Traffic Channels Outline Introduction Concepts and Models for Multiple Divisions Frequency Division Multiple Access

More information

Chapter 7. Multiple Division Techniques

Chapter 7. Multiple Division Techniques Chapter 7 Multiple Division Techniques 1 Outline Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) Division Multiple Access (TDMA) Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) Comparison of FDMA, TDMA, and CDMA Walsh

More information

COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS -I

COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS -I COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS -I Communication : It is the act of transmission of information. ELEMENTS OF A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM TRANSMITTER MEDIUM/CHANNEL: The physical medium that connects transmitter to receiver

More information

COMM 704: Communication Systems

COMM 704: Communication Systems COMM 704: Communication Lecture 1: Introduction Dr. Mohamed Abd El Ghany, Mohamed.abdel-ghany@guc.edu.eg Course Objective Give an introduction to the basic concepts of electronic communication systems

More information

Multiple Access Schemes

Multiple Access Schemes Multiple Access Schemes Dr Yousef Dama Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology An-Najah National University 2016-2017 Why Multiple access schemes Multiple access schemes are used to allow many

More information

(650536) Prerequisite: Digital Communications (610533) Instructor: Dr. Abdel-Rahman Al-Qawasmi

(650536) Prerequisite: Digital Communications (610533) Instructor: Dr. Abdel-Rahman Al-Qawasmi Communications & Electronics Engineering Dept. Part 6 Satellite Communications Communication Networks (650536) Prerequisite: Digital Communications (610533) Instructor: Dr. Abdel-Rahman Al-Qawasmi Text

More information

COMM 601: Modulation I

COMM 601: Modulation I Prof. Ahmed El-Mahdy, Communications Department The German University in Cairo Text Books [1] Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, 7 th edition, Prentice Hall, 2007. [2] Simon Haykin, Communication

More information

UNIT-1. Basic signal processing operations in digital communication

UNIT-1. Basic signal processing operations in digital communication UNIT-1 Lecture-1 Basic signal processing operations in digital communication The three basic elements of every communication systems are Transmitter, Receiver and Channel. The Overall purpose of this system

More information

What is a Communications System?

What is a Communications System? Introduction to Communication Systems: An Overview James Flynn Sharlene Katz What is a Communications System? A communications system transfers an information bearing signal from a source to one or more

More information

MODULATION AND MULTIPLE ACCESS TECHNIQUES

MODULATION AND MULTIPLE ACCESS TECHNIQUES 1 MODULATION AND MULTIPLE ACCESS TECHNIQUES Networks and Communication Department Dr. Marwah Ahmed Outlines 2 Introduction Digital Transmission Digital Modulation Digital Transmission of Analog Signal

More information

Receiver Design. Prof. Tzong-Lin Wu EMC Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University 2011/2/21

Receiver Design. Prof. Tzong-Lin Wu EMC Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University 2011/2/21 Receiver Design Prof. Tzong-Lin Wu EMC Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University 2011/2/21 MW & RF Design / Prof. T. -L. Wu 1 The receiver mush be very sensitive to -110dBm

More information

Question Paper Profile

Question Paper Profile Question Paper Profile Max. Marks : 70 Time: 3 Hrs. Q.1) A) Attempt any FIVE of the following. 10 Marks a) Define the term Standard. State its two categories. b) List any two advantages of Unguided Media.

More information

Bluetooth BlueTooth - Allows users to make wireless connections between various communication devices such as mobile phones, desktop and notebook comp

Bluetooth BlueTooth - Allows users to make wireless connections between various communication devices such as mobile phones, desktop and notebook comp ECE 271 Week 8 Bluetooth BlueTooth - Allows users to make wireless connections between various communication devices such as mobile phones, desktop and notebook computers - Uses radio transmission - Point-to-multipoint

More information

Elements of Communication System Channel Fig: 1: Block Diagram of Communication System Terminology in Communication System

Elements of Communication System Channel Fig: 1: Block Diagram of Communication System Terminology in Communication System Content:- Fundamentals of Communication Engineering : Elements of a Communication System, Need of modulation, electromagnetic spectrum and typical applications, Unit V (Communication terminologies in communication

More information

Data and Computer Communications. Chapter 3 Data Transmission

Data and Computer Communications. Chapter 3 Data Transmission Data and Computer Communications Chapter 3 Data Transmission Data Transmission quality of the signal being transmitted The successful transmission of data depends on two factors: characteristics of the

More information

An Introduction to Electrical and Electronic Engineering Communication. Dr. Cahit Karakuş, 2018

An Introduction to Electrical and Electronic Engineering Communication. Dr. Cahit Karakuş, 2018 An Introduction to Electrical and Electronic Engineering Communication Dr. Cahit Karakuş, 2018 Significance of Human Communication Methods of communication: 1. Face to face 2. Signals 3. Written word (letters)

More information

UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PERLIS Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Komputer dan Perhubungan Semester 1, 2011/12 DKT 211 Basic Communication Engineering

UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PERLIS Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Komputer dan Perhubungan Semester 1, 2011/12 DKT 211 Basic Communication Engineering UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PERLIS Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Komputer dan Perhubungan Semester 1, 2011/12 DKT 211 Basic Communication Engineering TUTORIAL 1: NOISE AND TRANSMISSION MEDIA & EM TUTORIAL 1 CHAPTER

More information

2. TELECOMMUNICATIONS BASICS

2. TELECOMMUNICATIONS BASICS 2. TELECOMMUNICATIONS BASICS The purpose of any telecommunications system is to transfer information from the sender to the receiver by a means of a communication channel. The information is carried by

More information

Transmission Media. Transmission Media 12/14/2016

Transmission Media. Transmission Media 12/14/2016 Transmission Media in data communications DDE University of Kashmir By Suhail Qadir System Analyst suhailmir@uok.edu.in Transmission Media the transmission medium is the physical path between transmitter

More information

Data Communication. Chapter 3 Data Transmission

Data Communication. Chapter 3 Data Transmission Data Communication Chapter 3 Data Transmission ١ Terminology (1) Transmitter Receiver Medium Guided medium e.g. twisted pair, coaxial cable, optical fiber Unguided medium e.g. air, water, vacuum ٢ Terminology

More information

Chapter-1: Introduction

Chapter-1: Introduction Chapter-1: Introduction The purpose of a Communication System is to transport an information bearing signal from a source to a user destination via a communication channel. MODEL OF A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

More information

Physical Layer. Dr. Sanjay P. Ahuja, Ph.D. Fidelity National Financial Distinguished Professor of CIS. School of Computing, UNF

Physical Layer. Dr. Sanjay P. Ahuja, Ph.D. Fidelity National Financial Distinguished Professor of CIS. School of Computing, UNF Physical Layer Dr. Sanjay P. Ahuja, Ph.D. Fidelity National Financial Distinguished Professor of CIS School of Computing, UNF Multiplexing Transmission channels are expensive. It is often that two communicating

More information

ECE 457 Communication Systems. Selin Aviyente Assistant Professor Electrical & Computer Engineering

ECE 457 Communication Systems. Selin Aviyente Assistant Professor Electrical & Computer Engineering ECE 457 Communication Systems Selin Aviyente Assistant Professor Electrical & Computer Engineering Announcements Class Web Page: http://www.egr.msu.edu/~aviyente/ece 457.htm M, W, F 10:20-11:10 a.m. Office

More information

Overview. Lecture 3. Terminology. Terminology. Background. Background. Transmission basics. Transmission basics. Two signal types

Overview. Lecture 3. Terminology. Terminology. Background. Background. Transmission basics. Transmission basics. Two signal types Lecture 3 Transmission basics Chapter 3, pages 75-96 Dave Novak School of Business University of Vermont Overview Transmission basics Terminology Signal Channel Electromagnetic spectrum Two signal types

More information

Bandwidth utilization is the wise use of available bandwidth to achieve specific goals.

Bandwidth utilization is the wise use of available bandwidth to achieve specific goals. Note Bandwidth Utilization: Multiplexing and Spreading Bandwidth utilization is the wise use of available bandwidth to achieve specific goals. Efficiency can be achieved by multiplexing; i.e., sharing

More information

Data and Computer Communications Chapter 3 Data Transmission

Data and Computer Communications Chapter 3 Data Transmission Data and Computer Communications Chapter 3 Data Transmission Eighth Edition by William Stallings Transmission Terminology data transmission occurs between a transmitter & receiver via some medium guided

More information

6. Modulation and Multiplexing Techniques

6. Modulation and Multiplexing Techniques 6. Modulation and Multiplexing Techniques The quality of analog transmission is S/N (signal to noise ratio). signal power S/N = ---------------------------- baseband noise power S/N can be greater than

More information

EEE 309 Communication Theory

EEE 309 Communication Theory EEE 309 Communication Theory Semester: January 2016 Dr. Md. Farhad Hossain Associate Professor Department of EEE, BUET Email: mfarhadhossain@eee.buet.ac.bd Office: ECE 331, ECE Building Part 08 Multiplexing

More information

Unguided Transmission Media

Unguided Transmission Media CS311 Data Communication Unguided Transmission Media by Dr. Manas Khatua Assistant Professor Dept. of CSE IIT Jodhpur E-mail: manaskhatua@iitj.ac.in Web: http://home.iitj.ac.in/~manaskhatua http://manaskhatua.github.io/

More information

Review of Lecture 2. Data and Signals - Theoretical Concepts. Review of Lecture 2. Review of Lecture 2. Review of Lecture 2. Review of Lecture 2

Review of Lecture 2. Data and Signals - Theoretical Concepts. Review of Lecture 2. Review of Lecture 2. Review of Lecture 2. Review of Lecture 2 Data and Signals - Theoretical Concepts! What are the major functions of the network access layer? Reference: Chapter 3 - Stallings Chapter 3 - Forouzan Study Guide 3 1 2! What are the major functions

More information

Chapter 6 Bandwidth Utilization: Multiplexing and Spreading 6.1

Chapter 6 Bandwidth Utilization: Multiplexing and Spreading 6.1 Chapter 6 Bandwidth Utilization: Multiplexing and Spreading 6.1 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Note Bandwidth utilization is the wise use of

More information

ENGR 4323/5323 Digital and Analog Communication

ENGR 4323/5323 Digital and Analog Communication ENGR 4323/5323 Digital and Analog Communication Chapter 1 Introduction Engineering and Physics University of Central Oklahoma Dr. Mohamed Bingabr Course Materials Textbook: Modern Digital and Analog Communication,

More information

Data and Computer Communications Chapter 4 Transmission Media

Data and Computer Communications Chapter 4 Transmission Media Data and Computer Communications Chapter 4 Transmission Media Ninth Edition by William Stallings Data and Computer Communications, Ninth Edition by William Stallings, (c) Pearson Education - Prentice Hall,

More information

Data and Computer Communications. Tenth Edition by William Stallings

Data and Computer Communications. Tenth Edition by William Stallings Data and Computer Communications Tenth Edition by William Stallings Data and Computer Communications, Tenth Edition by William Stallings, (c) Pearson Education, 2013 CHAPTER 8 Multiplexing It was impossible

More information

Politecnico di Milano Scuola di Ingegneria Industriale e dell Informazione. Physical layer. Fundamentals of Communication Networks

Politecnico di Milano Scuola di Ingegneria Industriale e dell Informazione. Physical layer. Fundamentals of Communication Networks Politecnico di Milano Scuola di Ingegneria Industriale e dell Informazione Physical layer Fundamentals of Communication Networks 1 Disclaimer o The basics of signal characterization (in time and frequency

More information

SAMPLE. UEENEEH046B Solve fundamental problems in electronic communications systems. Learner Workbook. UEE07 Electrotechnology Training Package

SAMPLE. UEENEEH046B Solve fundamental problems in electronic communications systems. Learner Workbook. UEE07 Electrotechnology Training Package UEE07 Electrotechnology Training Package UEENEEH046B Solve fundamental problems in electronic communications systems Learner Workbook Version 1 Training and Education Support Industry Skills Unit Meadowbank

More information

Multiple Access Techniques

Multiple Access Techniques Multiple Access Techniques EE 442 Spring Semester Lecture 13 Multiple Access is the use of multiplexing techniques to provide communication service to multiple users over a single channel. It allows for

More information

ISHIK UNIVERSITY Faculty of Science Department of Information Technology Fall Course Name: Wireless Networks

ISHIK UNIVERSITY Faculty of Science Department of Information Technology Fall Course Name: Wireless Networks ISHIK UNIVERSITY Faculty of Science Department of Information Technology 2017-2018 Fall Course Name: Wireless Networks Agenda Lecture 4 Multiple Access Techniques: FDMA, TDMA, SDMA and CDMA 1. Frequency

More information

CHAPTER -15. Communication Systems

CHAPTER -15. Communication Systems CHAPTER -15 Communication Systems COMMUNICATION Communication is the act of transmission and reception of information. COMMUNICATION SYSTEM: A system comprises of transmitter, communication channel and

More information

Lecture 3 Concepts for the Data Communications and Computer Interconnection

Lecture 3 Concepts for the Data Communications and Computer Interconnection Lecture 3 Concepts for the Data Communications and Computer Interconnection Aim: overview of existing methods and techniques Terms used: -Data entities conveying meaning (of information) -Signals data

More information

(Refer Slide Time: 2:23)

(Refer Slide Time: 2:23) Data Communications Prof. A. Pal Department of Computer Science & Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur Lecture-11B Multiplexing (Contd.) Hello and welcome to today s lecture on multiplexing

More information

Data and Computer Communications. Tenth Edition by William Stallings

Data and Computer Communications. Tenth Edition by William Stallings Data and Computer Communications Tenth Edition by William Stallings Data and Computer Communications, Tenth Edition by William Stallings, (c) Pearson Education - Prentice Hall, 2013 Wireless Transmission

More information

Multiplexing. Chapter 8. Frequency Division Multiplexing Diagram. Frequency Division Multiplexing. Multiplexing

Multiplexing. Chapter 8. Frequency Division Multiplexing Diagram. Frequency Division Multiplexing. Multiplexing Multiplexing Chapter 8 Multiplexing Frequency Division Multiplexing FDM Useful bandwidth of medium exceeds required bandwidth of channel Each signal is modulated to a different carrier frequency Carrier

More information

MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION (Autonomous) (ISO/IEC Certified)

MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION (Autonomous) (ISO/IEC Certified) Subject Code: 17519 Model Answer Page No: 1/33 Important Instructions to examiners: 1) The answers should be examined by key words and not as word-to-word as given in themodel answer scheme. 2) The model

More information

CPSC Network Programming. How do computers really communicate?

CPSC Network Programming.   How do computers really communicate? CPSC 360 - Network Programming Data Transmission Michele Weigle Department of Computer Science Clemson University mweigle@cs.clemson.edu February 11, 2005 http://www.cs.clemson.edu/~mweigle/courses/cpsc360

More information

TSEK02: Radio Electronics Lecture 2: Modulation (I) Ted Johansson, EKS, ISY

TSEK02: Radio Electronics Lecture 2: Modulation (I) Ted Johansson, EKS, ISY TSEK02: Radio Electronics Lecture 2: Modulation (I) Ted Johansson, EKS, ISY 2 Basic Definitions Time and Frequency db conversion Power and dbm Filter Basics 3 Filter Filter is a component with frequency

More information

ITS323: Introduction to Data Communications CSS331: Fundamentals of Data Communications

ITS323: Introduction to Data Communications CSS331: Fundamentals of Data Communications ITS323: Introduction to Data Communications CSS331: Fundamentals of Data Communications Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology Thammasat University Prepared by Steven Gordon on 13 October 2015

More information

Unguided Media and Matched Filter After this lecture, you will be able to Example?

Unguided Media and Matched Filter After this lecture, you will be able to Example? Unguided Media and Matched Filter After this lecture, you will be able to describe the physical and transmission characteristics of various unguided media Example? B.1 Unguided media Guided to unguided

More information

Chapter 2. Physical Layer

Chapter 2. Physical Layer Chapter 2 Physical Layer Lecture 1 Outline 2.1 Analog and Digital 2.2 Transmission Media 2.3 Digital Modulation and Multiplexing 2.4 Transmission Impairment 2.5 Data-rate Limits 2.6 Performance Physical

More information

Bandwidth Utilization:

Bandwidth Utilization: CHAPTER 6 Bandwidth Utilization: Solutions to Review Questions and Exercises Review Questions 1. Multiplexing is the set of techniques that allows the simultaneous transmission of multiple signals across

More information

Telecommunication Network The Fundamental

Telecommunication Network The Fundamental Telecommunication Network The Fundamental Course Number : TTH2A3 CLO : 1 Week : 1 Why do we need to take this course? List of countries by number of telephone lines in use Rankings Country or regions Number

More information

APECE-302: Radio & Television Engineering

APECE-302: Radio & Television Engineering APECE-302: Radio & Television Engineering Applied Physics, Electronics & Communication Engineering LEC PPT # 01 University of Dhaka APECE DU Course Teacher: S.M. Riazul Islam, PhD Date: 2013 Year, 04 Month,

More information

ITM 1010 Computer and Communication Technologies

ITM 1010 Computer and Communication Technologies ITM 1010 Computer and Communication Technologies Lecture #14 Part II Introduction to Communication Technologies: Digital Signals: Digital modulation, channel sharing 2003 香港中文大學, 電子工程學系 (Prof. H.K.Tsang)

More information

Chapter 1 Introduction

Chapter 1 Introduction Wireless Information Transmission System Lab. Chapter 1 Introduction National Sun Yat-sen University Table of Contents Elements of a Digital Communication System Communication Channels and Their Wire-line

More information

FDM- FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING

FDM- FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING FDM- FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING Multiplexing to refer to the combination of information streams from multiple sources for transmission over a shared medium Demultiplexing to refer to the separation

More information

TSEK02: Radio Electronics Lecture 2: Modulation (I) Ted Johansson, EKS, ISY

TSEK02: Radio Electronics Lecture 2: Modulation (I) Ted Johansson, EKS, ISY TSEK02: Radio Electronics Lecture 2: Modulation (I) Ted Johansson, EKS, ISY An Overview of Modulation Techniques: chapter 3.1 3.3.1 2 Introduction (3.1) Analog Modulation Amplitude Modulation Phase and

More information

Communication Channels

Communication Channels Communication Channels wires (PCB trace or conductor on IC) optical fiber (attenuation 4dB/km) broadcast TV (50 kw transmit) voice telephone line (under -9 dbm or 110 µw) walkie-talkie: 500 mw, 467 MHz

More information

Last Time. Transferring Information. Today (& Tomorrow (& Tmrw)) Application Layer Example Protocols ftp http Performance.

Last Time. Transferring Information. Today (& Tomorrow (& Tmrw)) Application Layer Example Protocols ftp http Performance. 15-441 Lecture 5 Last Time Physical Layer & Link Layer Basics Copyright Seth Goldstein, 2008 Application Layer Example Protocols ftp http Performance Application Presentation Session Transport Network

More information

AM and FM MODULATION Lecture 5&6

AM and FM MODULATION Lecture 5&6 AM and FM MODULATION Lecture 5&6 Ir. Muhamad Asvial, MEng., PhD Center for Information and Communication Engineering Research Electrical Engineering Department University of Indonesia Kampus UI Depok,

More information

SC - Single carrier systems One carrier carries data stream

SC - Single carrier systems One carrier carries data stream Digital modulation SC - Single carrier systems One carrier carries data stream MC - Multi-carrier systems Many carriers are used for data transmission. Data stream is divided into sub-streams and each

More information

Vehicle Networks. Wireless communication basics. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Thomas Strang, Dipl.-Inform. Matthias Röckl

Vehicle Networks. Wireless communication basics. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Thomas Strang, Dipl.-Inform. Matthias Röckl Vehicle Networks Wireless communication basics Univ.-Prof. Dr. Thomas Strang, Dipl.-Inform. Matthias Röckl Outline Wireless Signal Propagation Electro-magnetic waves Signal impairments Attenuation Distortion

More information

CS420/520 Axel Krings Page 1 Sequence 8

CS420/520 Axel Krings Page 1 Sequence 8 Chapter 8: Multiplexing CS420/520 Axel Krings Page 1 Multiplexing What is multiplexing? Frequency-Division Multiplexing Time-Division Multiplexing (Synchronous) Statistical Time-Division Multiplexing,

More information

EC 554 Data Communications

EC 554 Data Communications EC 554 Data Communications Mohamed Khedr http://webmail. webmail.aast.edu/~khedraast.edu/~khedr Syllabus Tentatively Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 Week 8 Week 9 Week 10 Week 11 Week

More information

EE442 Introduction An overview of modern communications EE 442 Analog & Digital Communication Systems Lecture 1

EE442 Introduction An overview of modern communications EE 442 Analog & Digital Communication Systems Lecture 1 EE442 Introduction An overview of modern communications EE 442 Analog & Digital Communication Systems Lecture 1 ES 442 Lecture 1 1 The Telegraph Revolution Near instantaneous communication Adopted worldwide

More information

Chapter 6 Bandwidth Utilization: Multiplexing and Spreading 6.1

Chapter 6 Bandwidth Utilization: Multiplexing and Spreading 6.1 Chapter 6 Bandwidth Utilization: Multiplexing and Spreading 6.1 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. 3-6 PERFORMANCE One important issue in networking

More information

Level 6 Graduate Diploma in Engineering Electronics and telecommunications

Level 6 Graduate Diploma in Engineering Electronics and telecommunications 9210-116 Level 6 Graduate Diploma in Engineering Electronics and telecommunications Sample Paper You should have the following for this examination one answer book non-programmable calculator pen, pencil,

More information

14. COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

14. COMMUNICATION SYSTEM 14. COMMUNICATION SYSTEM SYNOPSIS : INTRODUCTION 1. The exchange of information between a sender and receiver is called communication. 2. The arrangement of devices to transfere the information is called

More information

Introduction to Telecommunications and Computer Engineering Unit 3: Communications Systems & Signals

Introduction to Telecommunications and Computer Engineering Unit 3: Communications Systems & Signals Introduction to Telecommunications and Computer Engineering Unit 3: Communications Systems & Signals Syedur Rahman Lecturer, CSE Department North South University syedur.rahman@wolfson.oxon.org Acknowledgements

More information

Chapter 1: Telecommunication Fundamentals

Chapter 1: Telecommunication Fundamentals Chapter 1: Telecommunication Fundamentals Block Diagram of a communication system Noise n(t) m(t) Information (base-band signal) Signal Processing Carrier Circuits s(t) Transmission Medium r(t) Signal

More information

Contents. Telecom Service Chae Y. Lee. Data Signal Transmission Transmission Impairments Channel Capacity

Contents. Telecom Service Chae Y. Lee. Data Signal Transmission Transmission Impairments Channel Capacity Data Transmission Contents Data Signal Transmission Transmission Impairments Channel Capacity 2 Data/Signal/Transmission Data: entities that convey meaning or information Signal: electric or electromagnetic

More information

11 Distinguish between low level and high level modulation. 12 What are the advantages of the super heterodyne receiver?

11 Distinguish between low level and high level modulation. 12 What are the advantages of the super heterodyne receiver? Course B.E-EEE(Marine) Batch 8 Semester V Subject Code Subject Name UAEE511 Communication Engineering Part-A Unit-1 1 Define Modulation. 2 Define Amplitude Modulation. 3 Define Modulation index. 4 What

More information

ECS455: Chapter 4 Multiple Access

ECS455: Chapter 4 Multiple Access ECS455: Chapter 4 Multiple Access Asst. Prof. Dr. Prapun Suksompong prapun@siit.tu.ac.th 1 Office Hours: BKD 3601-7 Tuesday 9:30-10:30 Tuesday 13:30-14:30 Thursday 13:30-14:30 ECS455: Chapter 4 Multiple

More information

Physical Layer: Outline

Physical Layer: Outline 18-345: Introduction to Telecommunication Networks Lectures 3: Physical Layer Peter Steenkiste Spring 2015 www.cs.cmu.edu/~prs/nets-ece Physical Layer: Outline Digital networking Modulation Characterization

More information

EE 304 TELECOMMUNICATIONs ESSENTIALS HOMEWORK QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

EE 304 TELECOMMUNICATIONs ESSENTIALS HOMEWORK QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Homework Question 1 EE 304 TELECOMMUNICATIONs ESSENTIALS HOMEWORK QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Allocated channel bandwidth for commercial TV is 6 MHz. a. Find the maximum number of analog voice channels that

More information