TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE

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1 IEC/TS Edition TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE SÉCURITÉ Use of conventionl touch voltge limits Appliction guide Utilistion des tensions limites conventionnelles de contct Guide d ppliction IEC/TS 61201:2007

2 THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2007 IEC, Genev, Switzerlnd All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no prt of this puliction my e reproduced or utilized in ny form or y ny mens, electronic or mechnicl, including photocopying nd microfilm, without permission in writing from either IEC or IEC's memer Ntionl Committee in the country of the requester. If you hve ny questions out IEC copyright or hve n enquiry out otining dditionl rights to this puliction, plese contct the ddress elow or your locl IEC memer Ntionl Committee for further informtion. Droits de reproduction réservés. Suf indiction contrire, ucune prtie de cette puliction ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et pr ucun procédé, électronique ou mécnique, y compris l photocopie et les microfilms, sns l'ccord écrit de l CEI ou du Comité ntionl de l CEI du pys du demndeur. Si vous vez des questions sur le copyright de l CEI ou si vous désirez otenir des droits supplémentires sur cette puliction, utilisez les coordonnées ci-près ou contctez le Comité ntionl de l CEI de votre pys de résidence. IEC Centrl Office 3, rue de Vremé CH-1211 Genev 20 Switzerlnd Emil: inmil@iec.ch We: Aout the IEC The Interntionl Electrotechnicl Commission (IEC) is the leding glol orgniztion tht prepres nd pulishes Interntionl Stndrds for ll electricl, electronic nd relted technologies. Aout IEC pulictions The technicl content of IEC pulictions is kept under constnt review y the IEC. Plese mke sure tht you hve the ltest edition, corrigend or n mendment might hve een pulished. Ctlogue of IEC pulictions: The IEC on-line Ctlogue enles you to serch y vriety of criteri (reference numer, text, technicl committee, ). It lso gives informtion on projects, withdrwn nd replced pulictions. IEC Just Pulished: Sty up to dte on ll new IEC pulictions. Just Pulished detils twice month ll new pulictions relesed. Aville on-line nd lso y emil. Electropedi: The world's leding online dictionry of electronic nd electricl terms contining more thn terms nd definitions in English nd French, with equivlent terms in dditionl lnguges. Also known s the Interntionl Electrotechnicl Voculry online. Customer Service Centre: If you wish to give us your feedck on this puliction or need further ssistnce, plese visit the Customer Service Centre FAQ or contct us: Emil: csc@iec.ch Tel.: Fx: A propos de l CEI L Commission Electrotechnique Interntionle (CEI) est l première orgnistion mondile qui élore et pulie des normes interntionles pour tout ce qui trit à l'électricité, à l'électronique et ux technologies pprentées. A propos des pulictions CEI Le contenu technique des pulictions de l CEI est constmment revu. Veuillez vous ssurer que vous possédez l édition l plus récente, un corrigendum ou mendement peut voir été pulié. Ctlogue des pulictions de l CEI: Le Ctlogue en-ligne de l CEI vous permet d effectuer des recherches en utilisnt différents critères (numéro de référence, texte, comité d études, ). Il donne ussi des informtions sur les projets et les pulictions retirées ou remplcées. Just Pulished CEI: Restez informé sur les nouvelles pulictions de l CEI. Just Pulished détille deux fois pr mois les nouvelles pulictions prues. Disponile en-ligne et ussi pr emil. Electropedi: Le premier dictionnire en ligne u monde de termes électroniques et électriques. Il contient plus de termes et définitions en nglis et en frnçis, insi que les termes équivlents dns les lngues dditionnelles. Eglement ppelé Voculire Electrotechnique Interntionl en ligne. Service Clients: Si vous désirez nous donner des commentires sur cette puliction ou si vous vez des questions, visitez le FAQ du Service clients ou contctez-nous: Emil: csc@iec.ch Tél.: Fx:

3 IEC/TS Edition TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE SÉCURITÉ Use of conventionl touch voltge limits Appliction guide Utilistion des tensions limites conventionnelles de contct Guide d ppliction INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE PRICE CODE CODE PRIX Q ICS ; ; ISBN

4 2 TS IEC:2007 CONTENTS FOREWORD...3 INTRODUCTION Scope Normtive references Use of this technicl specifiction Conditions nd vlues of thresholds Physiologicl effects of ody current Body impednce Voltge thresholds nd limits Voltge threshold s function of contct re Conventionl voltge limits Limits of pplicility Higher frequency lternting voltges nd currents Immersion Medicl pplictions...14 Annex A (informtive) Voltge thresholds - chrged cpcitors...15 Biliogrphy...17 Figure 1 Minimum touch voltge threshold corresponding to.c. nd dry conditions for current strtle rection (), musculr rection () nd ventriculr firilltion ( )...8 Figure 2 Minimum touch voltge threshold corresponding to.c. nd wter-wet conditions for current strtle rection (), musculr rection () nd ventriculr firilltion ( )...9 Figure 3 Minimum touch voltge threshold corresponding to.c. nd sltwter-wet conditions for current strtle rection (), musculr rection () nd ventriculr firilltion ( )...9 Figure 4 Minimum touch voltge threshold corresponding to d.c. nd dry conditions for current strtle rection (), musculr rection () nd ventriculr firilltion ( )...10 Figure 5 Minimum touch voltge threshold corresponding to d.c. nd wter-wet conditions for current strtle rection (), musculr rection () nd ventriculr firilltion ( )...10 Figure 6 Minimum touch voltge threshold corresponding to d.c. nd sltwter-wet condition for current strtle rection (), musculr rection () nd ventriculr firilltion ( )...11 Figure A.1 Vlues of chrged cpcitnces...16 Tle 1 Exmples of mximum contct res corresponding to given.c. touch voltges...12 Tle 2 Exmples of mximum contct res corresponding to given d.c. touch voltges...13 Tle A.1 Limits for stedy stte voltge...15 Tle A.2 Limit vlues of ccessile cpcitnces (threshold of pin)...16

5 TS IEC: INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION USE OF CONVENTIONAL TOUCH VOLTAGE LIMITS APPLICATION GUIDE FOREWORD 1) The Interntionl Electrotechnicl Commission (IEC) is worldwide orgniztion for stndrdiztion comprising ll ntionl electrotechnicl committees (IEC Ntionl Committees). The oject of IEC is to promote interntionl co-opertion on ll questions concerning stndrdiztion in the electricl nd electronic fields. To this end nd in ddition to other ctivities, IEC pulishes Interntionl Stndrds, Technicl Specifictions, Technicl Reports, Pulicly Aville Specifictions (PAS) nd Guides (herefter referred to s IEC Puliction(s) ). Their preprtion is entrusted to technicl committees; ny IEC Ntionl Committee interested in the suject delt with my prticipte in this preprtory work. Interntionl, governmentl nd nongovernmentl orgniztions liising with the IEC lso prticipte in this preprtion. IEC collortes closely with the Interntionl Orgniztion for Stndrdiztion (ISO) in ccordnce with conditions determined y greement etween the two orgniztions. 2) The forml decisions or greements of IEC on technicl mtters express, s nerly s possile, n interntionl consensus of opinion on the relevnt sujects since ech technicl committee hs representtion from ll interested IEC Ntionl Committees. 3) IEC Pulictions hve the form of recommendtions for interntionl use nd re ccepted y IEC Ntionl Committees in tht sense. While ll resonle efforts re mde to ensure tht the technicl content of IEC Pulictions is ccurte, IEC cnnot e held responsile for the wy in which they re used or for ny misinterprettion y ny end user. 4) In order to promote interntionl uniformity, IEC Ntionl Committees undertke to pply IEC Pulictions trnsprently to the mximum extent possile in their ntionl nd regionl pulictions. Any divergence etween ny IEC Puliction nd the corresponding ntionl or regionl puliction shll e clerly indicted in the ltter. 5) IEC provides no mrking procedure to indicte its pprovl nd cnnot e rendered responsile for ny equipment declred to e in conformity with n IEC Puliction. 6) All users should ensure tht they hve the ltest edition of this puliction. 7) No liility shll ttch to IEC or its directors, employees, servnts or gents including individul experts nd memers of its technicl committees nd IEC Ntionl Committees for ny personl injury, property dmge or other dmge of ny nture whtsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legl fees) nd expenses rising out of the puliction, use of, or relince upon, this IEC Puliction or ny other IEC Pulictions. 8) Attention is drwn to the normtive references cited in this puliction. Use of the referenced pulictions is indispensle for the correct ppliction of this puliction. 9) Attention is drwn to the possiility tht some of the elements of this IEC Puliction my e the suject of ptent rights. IEC shll not e held responsile for identifying ny or ll such ptent rights. The min tsk of IEC technicl committees is to prepre Interntionl Stndrds. In exceptionl circumstnces, technicl committee my propose the puliction of technicl specifiction when the required support cnnot e otined for the puliction of n Interntionl Stndrd, despite repeted efforts, or the suject is still under technicl development or where, for ny other reson, there is the future ut no immedite possiility of n greement on n Interntionl Stndrd. Technicl specifictions re suject to review within three yers of puliction to decide whether they cn e trnsformed into Interntionl Stndrds. IEC/TS 61201, which is technicl specifiction, hs een prepred y IEC technicl committee 64: Electricl instlltions nd protection ginst electricl shock. This second edition cncels nd replces the first edition which ws issued s technicl report in It constitutes technicl revision nd now hs the sttus of technicl specifiction.

6 4 TS IEC:2007 The min chnges with respect to the previous edition re listed elow: proposl of mximum contct res for vrious conventionl touch voltge limit; introduction of different current pthwys through the humn ody for the selection of conventionl touch voltge limit; introduction of conventionl touch voltge limit corresponding to the strtle rection current threshold, the inility of let-go current threshold nd the ventriculr firilltion current threshold; possiility of interpoltion on contct re for other conventionl touch voltge limits. It hs the sttus of sic sfety puliction in ccordnce with IEC Guide 104 nd ISO/IEC Guide 51. The text of this technicl specifiction is sed on the following documents: Enquiry drft 64/1584/DTS Report on voting 64/1605/RVC Full informtion on the voting for the pprovl of this technicl specifiction cn e found in the report on voting indicted in the ove tle. This puliction hs een drfted in ccordnce with the ISO/IEC Directives, Prt 2. The committee hs decided tht the contents of this puliction will remin unchnged until the mintennce result dte indicted on the IEC we site under " in the dt relted to the specific puliction. At this dte, the puliction will e trnsformed into n Interntionl stndrd, reconfirmed, withdrwn, replced y revised edition, or mended.

7 TS IEC: INTRODUCTION This technicl specifiction replces the first edition of IEC/TR nd provides voltge limits which re intended to e used y IEC technicl committees s conventionl touch voltge limits with regrd to protection ginst electric shock. Its purpose is to fcilitte hrmoniztion nd consistency mong different IEC pulictions. The vlues proposed in this specifiction re derived from IEC/TS IEC gives the methodology used for the determintion of touch voltge from the ppliction of the Ohm s lw etween different current thresholds corresponding to different physiologicl effects nd ody impednces corresponding to vrious current pths through the humn ody, contct res, skin moisture t this contct re nd on the type of current. Current thresholds nd ody impednces re provided y IEC/TS This specifiction discusses 50/60 Hz sinusoidl lternting voltge nd pure direct voltge hving no significnt lternting component. Higher frequency lternting voltge is not included in this type of nlysis s this would require more complex ody impednce model nd would require the use of frequency fctors for the current thresholds for the unwnted physiologicl effects. As this technicl specifiction does not cover frequencies higher thn 50/60 Hz, technicl committees re requested to inform IEC/TC 64 out experience gined on this suject. Suggestions for modifictions nd dditions to the technicl specifiction should e sumitted to IEC/TC 64.

8 6 TS IEC:2007 USE OF CONVENTIONAL TOUCH VOLTAGE LIMITS APPLICATION GUIDE 1 Scope IEC/TS 61201, which is technicl specifiction, provides guidnce on the use of conventionl touch voltge limits with reference to thresholds given in IEC Considertion is given to different physiologicl effects, environmentl conditions, contct conditions, etc. This specifiction only discusses voltges for sinusoidl.c. t 50/60 Hz nd pure d.c. hving no significnt.c. component. This specifiction does not consider immersion of ody prts or medicl pplictions. Touch voltge limits re for use y technicl committees s guidnce for the determintion of their own specific limits. This sic sfety puliction is primrily intended for use y technicl committees in the preprtion of stndrds in ccordnce with the principles lid down in IEC Guide 104 nd ISO/IEC Guide 51. It is not intended for use y mnufcturers or certifiction odies. One of the responsiilities of technicl committee is, wherever pplicle, to mke use of sic sfety pulictions in the preprtion of its pulictions. The requirements, test methods or test conditions of this sic sfety puliction will not pply unless specificlly referred to or included in the relevnt pulictions. 2 Normtive references The following referenced documents re indispensle for the ppliction of this document. For dted references, only the edition cited pplies. For undted references, the ltest edition of the referenced document (including ny mendments) pplies. IEC/TS :2005, Effects of current on humn eings nd livestock Prt 1: Generl spects IEC/TS :2007, Effects of current on humn eings nd livestock Prt 2: Specil spects IEC/TR , Effects of current on humn eings nd livestock Prt 5: Touch voltge threshold vlues for physiologicl effects IEC Guide 104:1997, The preprtion of sfety pulictions nd the use of sic sfety pulictions nd group sfety pulictions ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, Sfety spects Guidelines for their inclusion in stndrds

9 TS IEC: Use of this technicl specifiction As voltge thresholds of IEC/TR re fully derived from current thresholds of IEC/TS , differences etween norml conditions nd fult conditions re not considered in this specifiction. Technicl committees my use these voltge vlues in conjunction with pproprite risk fctors to set their own voltge limits in their product stndrds. Such risk fctors will consider other spects such s proility of fults, proility of contct with live or fulty prts, rtio etween touch voltge nd fult voltge, etc. Product committees should crry out risk ssessment for their products sed on the informtion in this specifiction. For exmple, product committees my specify the mximum touch re. Where touch res re unknown, conservtive figures need to e used. 4 Conditions nd vlues of thresholds 4.1 Physiologicl effects of ody current Thresholds for the physiologicl effects ssocited with electric current through humn ody re reported in IEC/TS This specifiction ddresses the following physiologicl effects: strtle rection from current; strong involuntry musculr rection (such s inility to let-go from n electrode for.c.); ventriculr firilltion. Other effects, such s perception, might e importnt for some pplictions ut re not ddressed in this specifiction. For the purposes of this specifiction, the vlues corresponding to physiologicl effects of gretest interest re curves, nd s descried in IEC/TS Body impednce Touch voltge limit is function of the ody impednces s descried in IEC/TS The pproprite vlue of ody impednce to use is function of mny fctors. The selection of the proper vlue should include considertion of the following: the type of power source (.c. or d.c.); nd the mgnitude of the touch voltge; nd the pthwy of the current through the ody (hnd-to-hnd, or oth-hnds-to-oth feet or one-hnd-to-set); NOTE These different pthwys hve een selected for their chrcteristics. The reson comes from the ody impednce model descried in Annex A of IEC/TR The voltge thresholds determined for the current pth oth-hnds-to-feet my e generlly considered conservtive compred to the current pth onehnd-to-oth-feet. nd the re of contct with the skin; nd the condition of the skin contct re (sltwter-wet, wter-wet, dry).

10 5 Voltge thresholds nd limits 5.1 Voltge threshold s function of contct re 8 TS IEC:2007 The following figures (Figures 1 to 6) show threshold touch voltge versus contct re. It is ssumed tht since the plotted points re close to eing in line when plotted on log-log scle, the est fit curve to represent points etween those ctully clculted will e on line joining the clculted points on the log-log scle. These threshold figures re intended to document the effect of contct re which might e used in products s key design prmeter for limiting the effect of touch voltge. It should e noted tht contct re my e ffected y contct with other conductive prts such s tools or interconnected equipment. NOTE 1 Tles 1 nd 2 illustrte exmples of mximum contct res for trditionl ccessile voltges Hnd-to-hnd Both-hnds-to-feet Hnd-to-set Touch voltge (V) Contct re (cm 2 ) IEC 1660/07 Figure 1 Minimum touch voltge threshold corresponding to.c. nd dry conditions for current strtle rection (), musculr rection () nd ventriculr firilltion ( )

11 TS IEC: Hnd-to-hnd Both-hnds-to-feet Hnd-to-set 100 Touch voltge (V) , Contct re (cm 2 ) IEC 1661/07 Figure 2 Minimum touch voltge threshold corresponding to.c. nd wter-wet conditions for current strtle rection (), musculr rection () nd ventriculr firilltion ( ) Hnd-to-hnd Both-hnds-to-feet Hnd-to-set 100 Touch voltge (V) , Contct re (cm 2 ) IEC 1662/07 Figure 3 Minimum touch voltge threshold corresponding to.c. nd sltwter-wet conditions for current strtle rection (), musculr rection () nd ventriculr firilltion ( )