Current and Voltage Transducers for Industrial Applications

Transcription

1 Current and Voltage Transducers for Industrial Applications

2 LEM solutions for electrical measurements Dear Customer, This catalogue summarises the most common product offering of LEM Components. It is our business to support you with both standard and customised products to optimise your application. Please contact LEM in your region to get assistance. LEM Components leverages its more than 30 years experience in the application, design and production of current and voltage transducers, and has established itself as a market leader with worldwide presence to serve you. An extensive R&D program will ensure that our product offering will continuously expand over time. LEM products are utilized across a broad spectrum of power electronics applications: industrial motor drives, robots and cranes, cable cars and ski lifts, elevators and escalators, ventilation and air conditioning equipment, precision medical systems, and power supplies for computer servers and mobile telecom. All these applications require accurate and optimal control of the electrical energy to insure a high level of efficiency, safety, reliability. With more than current and voltage transducers in its portfolio, LEM Components offers a complete range of accurate, reliable and galvanically isolated devices for the measurement of currents from 0.25A to A and voltages from 10V to 6 400V, in various technologies, open loop and closed loop, and the new Eta technology. LEM transducers are designed according to the most demanding international standards, and carry CE marking. UL or UR listing is also available on selected models. We have worldwide ISO 9000 and ISO TS 16949:2002 (Geneva production and design center) qualification, and offer a 5 year warranty on all our products. LEM constantly innovates and strives to improve the performance, cost and dimensions of its products. Several ASIC technology based products are offered. 2

3 Content Page Typical Applications in Power Electronics 4-5 Transducer technologies 6 7 Current transducers, A 8 9 Current transducers, A Current transducers, A (part 1) Current transducers, A (part 2) Current transducers, A Current transducers, A Current transducers, A for automation Voltage transducers, V (without resistor R 1 ) Voltage transducers, V (with built in resistor R 1 ) Voltage transducers, V (with built in resistor R 1 ) Dimension drawings Product coding 36 Symbols and Terms 36 LEM warranty 37 LEM is a worldwide company, with offices across the globe, and production facilities in Europe, Asia and America. We hope you will find this catalogue a useful guide for the selection of our products. Visit our website and contact our sales network for further assistance. Detailed data sheet and application notes are available. Sincerely, Paul Van Iseghem President LEM Components LEM International 38 Sales Network Selection parameter page 1 Supply voltage 8 2 Frequency response 10 3 Operating temperature range 12 4 Working voltage or rated insulation voltage 14 5 Package and mounting options 16 6 Secondary connections 18 7 Output signal 20 8 Design standards 22 9 Measuring accuracy 24 3

4 Typical Applications in Power Electronics AC Variable Speed Drives and Servo Motor Drives I L Rectifier or Inverter -Link V I PWM-Inverter I M Typical Applications - Machine tool, printing, paper, textile, plastic - Steel mill - Lifts - Cranes - Robotics - Pumps - Washing machines I G Rectifier or Inverter -Link V I PWM-Inverter I L Typical Applications - Wind mills Static Converters for Motor Drives Converter Field Rectifier I P I Typical Applications - Machine tool, paper, printing, plastic - Cranes - Escalators - Electrical opening doors systems Battery Supplied Applications Charger I Battery Typical Applications - Electric vehicles (Zero Emission Vehicles, ZEV) - Fork lift trucks Inverter I M - Wheel chairs - Solar power supplies 4

5 Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) Charger -Link V I Battery Inverter I Typical applications - EDP systems - Telecom - Security systems Switched Mode Power Supplies (SMPS) Input Rectifier -Link V I PWM Inverter Output Rectifier I Typical applications - Power supply for electronic equipment and control systems - Battery chargers - Telecom - Voltage and current stabilizer for industry and lab applications - Electronic ballast Power Supplies for Welding Applications AC Input Rectifier -Link V I PWM Inverter Output Rectifier I Other Applications - Test and measurement in laboratories and universities - Medical X-ray and imaging equipment - Electrolysis, currents monitoring - Inductive heating - Energy management systems Monitoring of load currents - Over-current protection - Control and safety systems - Electrical traction 5

6 Transducer Technologies * Open Loop Current Transducers (O/L) Features Small package size Extended measuring range Reduced weight Low power consumption No insertion losses Eta Current Transducers Features Wide bandwidth Extended measuring range Very low power consumption Unipolar power supply V Fast response time Operation principle O/L Operation principle Eta Primary Current I P Isolated Output Voltage V OUT Primary Current I P Isolated Output Voltage V OUT The magnetic flux created by the primary current I P is concentrated in a magnetic circuit and measured in the air gap using a Hall device. The output from the Hall device is then signal conditioned to provide an exact representation of the primary current at the output. Closed Loop Current Transducers (C/L) Features Wide frequency range Good overall accuracy Fast response time Low temperature drift Excellent linearity No insertion losses Operation principle C/L Eta technology combines elements from both the Open Loop and Closed Loop principles previously defined. The result is a device that has the best balance between the features of the both operating principles. Closed Loop C Types Features High accuracy Very wide frequency range Reduced temperature drift Excellent linearity Measurement of differential currents (CD) Safety isolation (CV) Reduced loading on the primary (CV) Operation principle Primary Current I P Isolated Output Current I S Primary Current I P Isolated Output Current I S The magnetic flux created by the primary current I P is balanced by a complementary flux produced by driving a current through the secondary windings. A hall device and associated electronic circuit are used to generate the secondary (compensating) current that is an exact representation of the primary current. 6 This technology uses two toroidal cores and two secondary windings and operates on the principle of Ampere-turns compensation. For the voltage type a small (few ma) current is taken from the voltage line to be measured and is driven through the primary coil and the primary resistor. * for further information, refer the brochure "Characteristics - Applications - Calculations" or get it on website

7 Closed Loop Voltage Transducers (C/L) PRiME Current Transducers Features Measurement of high voltages Safety isolation Good overall accuracy Operation principle C/L Low temperature drift Excellent linearity Features AC measurement with wide dynamic range No magnetic saturation High overload capacity Good linearity Operation principle Accuracy independent of the position of the cable in the aperture and of xternal fields Light weight and small package Low thermal losses Primary Current I P Isolated Output Current I S A very small current limited by a series resistor is taken from the voltage to be measured and is driven through the primary coil. The magnetic flux created by the primary current I P is balanced by a complementary flux produced by driving a current through the secondary windings. A hall device and associated electronic circuit are used to generate the secondary (compensating) current that is an exact representation of the primary voltage. The primary resistor (R 1 ) can be incorporated or not in the transducer. AV 100 types Voltage Transducers Features Any kind of signal,, AC, pulsed and complex can be measured Galvanic isolation Short dynamic response for a good frequency bandwidth Fast response time Small volume needed PRiME operates on the basic Rogowski principle. Instead of a traditional wound coil, the measuring head is made of a number of sensor printed circuit boards (pcbs, each made of two separate air cored coils) mounted on a base-pcb. Each sensor PCB is connected in series so as to form two concentric loops. The induced voltage at their outputs is then integrated in order to obtain both amplitude and phase information for the current being measured. IT Current Transducers Features Very high global accuracy Low noise on the output signal Linearity <1 ppm Operation principle Low cross-over distortion High temperature stability Wide frequency range Operation principle V P Primary Current I P Isolated Output Current I S The voltage to measure (V P ) is directly applied on the primary connections through an internal resistor network and some components allowing the signal to feed an isolation amplifier. An isolated signal is recovered and conditioned to supply a current at the output, which is an exact representation of the primary voltage. IT current transducers are high accuracy, large bandwidth transducers which do not use Hall generators. The magnetic flux created by the primary current I P is compensated by a secondary current. The zero-flux detector is a symmetry detector using two wound cores connected to a square-wave generator. The secondary compensating current is an exact representation of the primary current. 7

8 Current Transducers The use of auto insertion equipment in the manufacturing of electronic assemblies is commonplace today. LEM produces several types of PCB mounted transducers that are designed with automated assembly in mind. These devices allow our customers to take advantage of high volume production strategies giving them the advantage necessary to remain competitive. Designed for automated assembly In addition to the benefit of automated assembly that an integrated primary bus bar offers, it also has an important impact on the performance of the product. By locating the primary conductor in exactly the right place in relation to the secondary winding, we maximize the primary to secondary coupling of the transducer. This gives transducers their excellent high frequency properties. Smallest Packages The current transducer, weighing only 10 g, requires only a small area on the printed circuit board, and is optimally suited for automated production lines Selection parameter 1: Supply voltage Most current transducers are still designed for bipolar supply voltages. This means that the integrated electronics are supplied with both positive and negative potentials with reference to ground (0V). V C = 0, ±12V; 0, ±15V; 0, ±24V; etc. The new generations of ASIC based transducers operate on a single unipolar supply with reference to ground (0V). V C = V This option allows the user to save cost by removing the need for dual supply. It is important when choosing between the alternative technologies to consider the current requirements that transducers place on their power supplies. Typically, we have the following current based on the technology employed: Open Loop Closed Loop Eta C Type IT Type AV 100 Type PRiME 20 ma 10 ma + compensation current 16 ma 40 ma ma + compensation current 50 ma + secondary output current 30 ma 8

9 PN = 0.25 A A I PN Datasheets: Open-loop Closed-loop "C"-types I PN I P V C V OUT f X T A Connection Type I I PN Primary Sec. Technology T A I PN 25 C A A V khz % C No. 3 ± 9 O/L ± V -50 (-3dB) HX 03-P 3 ± 9 O/L V±0.625 V -50 (-3dB) HX 03-P/SP2 5 ±15 O/L ± V -50 (-3dB) HX 05-P 5 ±15 O/L V±0.625 V -50 (-3dB) HX 05-P/SP2 5 ±15 O/L ± V -50 (-3dB) HX 05-NP 4 5 ±15 O/L +5/0 2.5V or V Ref ±0.625V -50 (-3dB) HXS 20-NP 5 ±15 O/L +5/0 2.5V or V Ref ±0.625V -50 (-3dB) HXS 20-NP/SP2 10 ±15 O/L +5/0 VC/2V±VC 0.2V1-16 (-3dB) HTS 10-P 10 ±15 O/L +5/0 VC/2V±VC 0.2V1-16 (-3dB) HTS 10-P/SP1 10 ±30 O/L ± V -50 (-3dB) HX 10-P 10 ±30 O/L V±0.625 V -50 (-3dB) HX 10-P/SP2 10 ±30 O/L ± V -50 (-3dB) HX 05-NP 5 10 ±30 O/L ± V -50 (-3dB) HX 10-NP 4 10 ±30 O/L +5/0 2.5V or V Ref ±0.625V -50 (-3dB) HXS 20-NP 10 ±30 O/L +5/0 2.5V or V Ref ±0.625V -50 (-3dB) HXS 20-NP/SP ±37.5 O/L +5/0 2.5V or V Ref ±0.625V -50 (-3dB) HXS 50-NP 12.5 ±37.5 O/L +5/0 2.5V or V Ref ±0.625V -50 (-3dB) HXS 50-NP/SP2 15 ±45 O/L ± V -50 (-3dB) HX 15-P 15 ±45 O/L ± V -50 (-3dB) HX 15-NP 4 15 ±45 O/L V ± V -50 (-3dB) HX 15-P/SP ±0.36 C/L ±15 25 ma -150 (-1dB) LA 25-NP/SP ±0.72 C/L ±15 25 ma -150 (-1dB) LA 25-NP/SP13 1 ±1.5 C/L ±15 25 ma -150 (-1dB) LA 25-NP/SP ±2.2 C/L ±15 24 ma -150 (-1dB) LA 25-NP/SP9 2 ±3 C/L ±15 24 ma -150 (-1dB) LA 25-NP/SP8 2.5 ±3.6 C/L ±15 25 ma -150 (-1dB) LA 25-NP/SP7 5 ±7 C/L ±15 25 ma -150 (-1dB) LA 25-NP 6 ±9 C/L ±15 24 ma -150 (-1dB) LA 25-NP 6 ±19.2 C/L +5/0 2.5 V±0.625 V -200 (-1dB) LTS 6-NP 6 ±19.2 C/L +5/0 2.5V or V Ref ±0.625V -200 (-1dB) LTSR 6-NP 6 7 ±14 C/L ±15 35 ma -150 (-1dB) LA 35-NP 8 ±12 C/L ±15 24 ma -150 (-1dB) LA 25-NP 8 ±16 C/L ±15 32 ma -150 (-1dB) LA 35-NP 8 ±18 C/L ± ma -200 (-1dB) LAH 25-NP 11 ±22 C/L ±15 33 ma -150 (-1dB) LA 35-NP 12 ±18 C/L ±15 24 ma -150 (-1dB) LA 25-NP 12 ±27 C/L ± ma -200 (-1dB) LAH 25-NP 15 ±48 C/L +5/0 2.5 V±0.625 V -200 (-1dB) LTS 15-NP 15 ±48 C/L +5/0 2.5V or V Ref ±0.625V -200 (-1dB) LTSR 15-NP 6 17 ±34 C/L ±15 34 ma -150 (-1dB) LA 35-NP 1 ±2 "C ±15 5 V -500 (-3dB) CT 1-T 2 ±4 "C ±15 5 V -500 (-3dB) CT 2-T 5 ±7.5 "C ±15 5 V -500 (-3dB) CT 5-T 10 ±15 "C ±15 5 V -500 (-3dB) CT 10-T 1 output is ratiometric 2 Small signal bandwidth to avoid excessive core heating at high frequency. 3 Global accuracy within the operating temperature range. 4 Connected in series, 5 Connected in parallel, 6 Ref in & Ref out modes, recognized, on the way to be recognized PCB Aperture, busbar, other PCB Other Packaging 9

10 Current Transducers The amount of board space a component occupies is an important design criteria. LEM has developed a series of transducers that require only a small area on the circuit board. They use if possible, the same housing or similar packaging for different current ranges. For the user, this simplifies the development of a complete product series covering several power ranges. Optimum use of space The compact design of the ASIC-based LTS, LTSR, LAS and new HAIS and HXS series transducers, enable users to take advantage of the intrinsic benefits of isolated Hall effect-based current measurement - high accuracy, fast response, and, wide bandwidth - without the usual tradeoff in PCB real estate. Multiple shapes and sizes Use of ASIC based transducers, LTS series, in an inverter for control and protection Selection parameter 2: Frequency response The frequency response for LEM transducers is primarily dependent on the type of transducer, i.e. closed or open loop, etc., since within each type there are a number of key factors which fundamentally affect the transducers bandwidth. For open loop transducers, the core geometry, the number and thickness of the laminations, and the specific core material have a direct impact on bandwidth. In the case of closed loop, Eta and IT-type, (and to a lesser extent, C-type) the coupling between the primary and secondary - which is affected by the particular core geometry and construction - is the determining factor in transducer bandwidth. 10 When for the AV 100 Type and PRiME, it's a question of electronic limitation. In general bandwidth is as follows: Open Loop to 25/50 khz * ETA and IT Type to 100 khz (-1dB) Closed Loop to 200 khz (-1dB) C Type to 500 khz (-3dB) AV 100 Type to 13 khz (-3dB) PRiME AC 10 Hz to 6 khz (-3dB) (typically but can go up to several khz) * Note: Small signal bandwidth to avoid excessive core heating at high frequency.

11 PN = 20 A A I PN Datasheets: Open-loop Closed-loop "C"-types I PN I P V C V OUT f X T A Connection Type I I PN Primary Sec. Technology T A I PN 25 C A A V khz % C No. 20 ±60 O/L ± V -50 (-3dB) HX 20-P 20 ±60 O/L ± V -50 (-3dB) HX 10-NP 5 20 ±60 O/L V ± V -50 (-3dB) HX 20-P/SP2 20 ±60 O/L +5/0 2.5V or V Ref ±0.625V -50 (-3dB) HXS 20-NP 20 ±60 O/L +5/0 2.5V or V Ref ±0.625V -50 (-3dB) HXS 20-NP/SP2 25 ±75 O/L ± V -50 (-3dB) HX 25-P 25 ±75 O/L V±0.625 V -50 (-3dB) HX 25-P/SP2 25 ±75 O/L +5/0 2.5V or V Ref ±0.625V -50 (-3dB) HXS 50-NP 25 ±75 O/L +5/0 2.5V or V Ref ±0.625V -50 (-3dB) HXS 50-NP/SP2 30 ±90 O/L ± V -50 (-3dB) HX 15-NP 5 50 ±100 O/L ± V -10 (-1dB) HTR 50-SB 50 ±150 O/L +5/0 2.5V or V Ref ±0.625V -50 (-3dB) HAIS 50-P 3 50 ±150 O/L +5/0 2.5V or V Ref ±0.625V -50 (-3dB) HAIS 50-TP 3 50 ±150 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAL 50-S 50 ±150 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAS 50-S 50 ±150 O/L +5/0 VC/2 V ± 0.5 V -50 (-3dB) HAS 50-S/SP1 50 ±150 O/L ± V -50 (-3dB) HTB 50-P 50 ±150 O/L ± V -50 (-3dB) HTB 50-TP 50 ±150 O/L VC/2 V±1.667 V -50 (-3dB) HTB 50-P/SP5 50 ±150 O/L VC/2 V±1.667 V -50 (-3dB) HTB 50-TP/SP5 50 ±150 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HTY 50-P 50 ±150 O/L ± V -50 (-3dB) HX 50-P 50 ±150 O/L V±0.625 V -50 (-3dB) HX 50-P/SP2 50 ±150 O/L +5/0 2.5V or V Ref ±0.625V -50 (-3dB) HXS 50-NP 50 ±150 O/L +5/0 2.5V or V Ref ±0.625V -50 (-3dB) HXS 50-NP/SP2 25 ±36 C/L ±15 25 ma -150 (-1dB) LA 25-NP C/L +15/0 25 ma -150 (-1dB) LA 25-NP/SP2 25 ±36 C/L ±15 25 ma -150 (-1dB) LA 25-NP/SP25 25 ±55 C/L ± ma -200 (-1dB) LAH 25-NP 25 ±80 C/L + 5/0 2.5 V±0.625 V -200 (-1dB) LTS 25-NP 25 ±80 C/L +5/0 2.5V or V Ref ±0.625V -200 (-1dB) LTSR 25-NP 3 35 ±70 C/L ±15 35 ma -150 (-1dB) LA 35-NP 50 ±70 C/L ± ma -200 (-1dB) LA 55-P 50 ±70 C/L ± ma -200 (-1dB) LA 55-P/SP23 50 ±70 C/L ± ma -200 (-1dB) LA 55-TP 50 ±100 C/L ± ma -200 (-1dB) LA 55-P/SP1 50 ±100 C/L ± ma -200 (-1dB) LA 55-TP/SP1 50 ±100 C/L ± ma -200 (-1dB) LA 55-TP/SP27 50 ±110 C/L ± ma -200 (-1dB) LAH 50-P 25 ±37.5 "C ±15 5 V -500 (-3dB) CT 25-T 50 ±75 "C ±15 5 V -500 (-3dB) CT 50-T 50 ±150 Eta +5/0 2.5V or V Ref ±0.625V -100 (-1dB) LAS 50-TP 1 output is ratiometric, 2 Small signal bandwidth to avoid excessive core heating at high frequency. 3 Refout and Refin modes. 5 Connected in parallel 6 Accuracy calculated with max. electrical offset instead of typical electrical V C = ±15 V. 7 Global accuracy within the operating temperature range. recognized, on the way to be recognized PCB Aperture, busbar, other PCB Other Packaging 11

12 Current Transducers For nominal current levels greater than 100 Amps, PCB mounting is not a viable option for the primary. Therefore LEM has designed a wide range of closed and open loop panel mounted current transducers. They are housed in common package outlines to accommodate a number of primary conductor options. Multiple mounting possibilities In addition to standard configurations, LEM can customize the integrated primary bus-bar to meet your systems specific requirements. Let our experience in providing current and voltage transducers for the harshest shock and vibration environments assist you in your transducer selection. More accurate measurement results for a smoother ride. Various primary y conductor options Selection parameter 3: Operating Temperature Range Operating temperature range is a key criteria in the proper transducer selection. The majority of LEM transducers operate within the following temperature ranges: -25 C.. 85 C -40 C.. 85 C LEM offers a comprehensive range of transducers optimized for commercial and industrial operating environments. The transducers included in this catalogue have various temperatures specifications related to their global accuracy over a specific operating temperature range. LEM can also provide transducers with operating temperature ranges outside the listed selection to fulfill a specific requirement. 12

13 PN = 75 A A (part 1) I PN Datasheets: Open-loop I PN I P V C V OUT f X T A Connection Type I I PN Primary Sec. Technology T A I PN 25 C A A V khz % C No. 75 ±225 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HTY 75-P 100 ±300 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAC 100-S 100 ±300 O/L +5/0 2.5V or V Ref ±0.625V -50 (-3dB) HAIS 100-P ±300 O/L +5/0 2.5V or V Ref ±0.625V -50 (-3dB) HAIS 100-TP ±300 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAL 100-S 100 ±300 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAS 100-S 100 ±300 O/L +5/0 V C /2 V±0.5 V -50 (-3dB) HAS 100-S/SP1 100 ±300 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HTA 100-S 100 ±300 O/L ± V -50 (-3dB) HTB 100-P 100 ±300 O/L ± V -50 (-3dB) HTB 100-TP 100 ±300 O/L V C /2 V±1.667 V -50 (-3dB) HTB 100-P/SP5 100 ±300 O/L V C /2 V±1.667 V -50 (-3dB) HTB 100-TP/SP5 100 ±200 O/L ± V -10 (-1dB) HTR 100-SB 100 ±300 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HTY 100-P 150 ±450 O/L +5/0 2.5V or V Ref ±0.625V -50 (-3dB) HAIS 150-P ±600 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAC 200-S 200 ±600 O/L +5/0 2.5V or V Ref ±0.625V -50 (-3dB) HAIS 200-P ±600 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAL 200-S 200 ±600 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAS 200-S 200 ±600 O/L +5/0 V C /2 V±0.5 V -50 (-3dB) HAS 200-S/SP1 200 ±300 O/L ± V -8 (-1dB) HOP 200-SB 200 ±600 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HTA 200-S 200 ±500 O/L ± V -50 (-3dB) HTB 200-P 200 ±500 O/L V C /2 V±1.667 V -50 (-3dB) HTB 200-P/SP5 200 ±400 O/L ± V -10 (-1dB) HTR 200-SB 300 ±900 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAC 300-S 300 ±900 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAL 300-S 300 ±900 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAS 300-S 300 ±900 O/L +5/0 V C /2 V±0.5 V -50 (-3dB) HAS 300-S/SP1 300 ±450 O/L ± V -8 (-1dB) HOP 300-SB 300 ±900 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HTA 300-S 300 ±600 O/L ± V -10 (-1dB) HTR 300-SB 300 ±600 O/L ± V -50 (-3dB) HTB 300-P 300 ±600 O/L V C /2 V±1.667 V -50 (-3dB) HTB 300-P/SP5 1 Small signal bandwidth to avoid excessive core heating at high frequency. 2 Refout & Refin modes. recognized on the way to be recognized PCB Aperture, busbar, other PCB Other Packaging 13

14 Current Transducers Quality is requested by everyone and it is quite justified. The levels required by customers can be different according to the applications. This quality has to be reached but also maintained in the time and constantly improved as well as for products than for services. The different LEM design and production centers around the world are either ISO TS 16949, and/or ISO 9001 and/or ISO certified. LEM quality Several quality tools have been implemented in LEM to assess and analyze its performances to be able to take the necessary actions to remain a responsive player in the market. Among which the most representatives are : - DPT FMEA (Design Process Tool & Failure Mode Effect Analysis) - Control Plan - Cpk R&R (Capability for Processes & measurement systems) - QOS 8D (Quality Operating System Eight Disciplines) - IPQ (Interactive Purchase Questionnaire). In addition to these quality programs and since 2002, LEM embraces Six Sigma as its methodology in pursuit of business excellence. The main goal is to create an environment in which anything less than Six Sigma quality is unacceptable. From PCB to panel mounting Selection parameter 4: Working Voltage or Rated Insulation Voltage Working Voltage level allowed by a transducer intended to be used in an application classified as being "Industrial" is defined according to several criteria defined under the EN standard. Some are dependent of the transducer itself when the others are linked to the application. These criteria are the followings: Clearance distance Creepage distance Pollution degree (of the application) Overvoltage category (of the application) 14 Comparative Tracking Index (CTI linked to the kind of material used for the transducer case) leading to a classification over different Insulating Material groups Simple or Reinforced isolation need. LEM transducers follow this thought process for their designs. For PCB mounting transducers, the customer PCB tracks layout has to be taken into account to find the possible working voltage. Indeed, the clearance and creepage distances can be different according to the customer PCB layout.

15 PN = 75 A A (part 2) I PN Datasheets: Closed-loop "IT"-types I PN I P V C V OUT f X T A Connection Type I I PN Primary Sec. Technology T A I PN 25 C A A V khz % C No. 100 ±150 C/L ± ma -200 (-1dB) LA 100-P 100 ±150 C/L ± ma -200 (-1dB) LA 100-TP 100 ±160 C/L ± ma -200 (-1dB) LAH 100-P 100 ±160 C/L ± ma -200 (-1dB) LA 100-P/SP ±200 C/L ± ma -100 (-3dB) LF 205-S/SP3 125 ±200 C/L ± ma -100 (-1dB) LA 125-P 125 ±200 C/L ± ma -100 (-1dB) LA 125-P/SP1 125 ±300 C/L ± ma -100 (-1dB) LA 125-P/SP4 125 ±200 C/L ± ma -100 (-3dB) LAH 125-P 150 ±200 C/L ±15 75 ma -150 (-1dB) LA 150-P 200 ±300 C/L ± ma -100 (-1dB) LA 200-P 200 ±300 C/L ± ma -100 (-1dB) LA 200-P/SP4 200 ±300 C/L ± ma -100 (-3dB) LA 205-S 200 ±300 C/L ± ma -100 (-3dB) LA 205-S/SP1 200 ±300 C/L ± ma -100 (-3dB) LA 205-T 200 ±420 C/L ± ma -100 (-3dB) LF 205-S 200 ±420 C/L ± ma -100 (-3dB) LF 205-P 200 ±420 C/L ± ma -100 (-3dB) LF 205-S/SP1 200 ±420 C/L ± ma -100 (-3dB) LF 205-P/SP1 250 ±500 C/L ± ma -100 (-3dB) LA 255-S 250 ±500 C/L ± ma -100 (-3dB) LA 255-T 300 ±500 C/L ± ma -100 (-3dB) LA 205-S/SP ±500 C/L ± ma -100 (-3dB) LA 305-S 300 ±500 C/L ± ma -100 (-3dB) LA 305-S/SP5 300 ±500 C/L ± ma -100 (-3dB) LA 305-T 300 ±500 C/L ± ma -100 (-1dB) LF 305-S 300 ±500 C/L ± ma -100 (-1dB) LF 306-S 300 ±500 C/L ± ma -100 (-1dB) LF 306-S/SP ± 500 C/L ± ma -100 (-3dB) 0, LF 305-S/SP ±150 "C ±15 5 V -250 (-3dB) CT 100-S 100 ±300 Eta +5/0 2.5V or V Ref ±0.625V -100 (-1dB) LAS 100-TP ±150 "IT ± ma -100 (-3 db) IT 150-S 300 ±450 "IT ± ma -100 (-3 db) ITB 300-S 1 Small signal bandwidth to avoid excessive core heating at high frequency. 2 Global accuracy within the operating temperature range. 3 Accuracy calculated with max. electrical offset instead of typical electrical V C = ±15 V. 4 Refout & Refin modes. recognized on the way to be recognized PCB Aperture, busbar, other PCB Other Packaging 15

16 Current Transducers Today the popularity of high-current IGBT based power electronic systems has placed new challenges on current measurement techniques. LEM has developed transducers with numerous mechanical outlines to facilitate mounting, many with integrated primary bus-bar to fit your application. Numerous packaging options LEM has also recently introduced the LF series of closedloop current transducers with the added flexibility of both horizontal and vertical mounting in the same package. The LF series also provides reduced size and enhanced performance over a wide measurement range. Flexible configurations Current transducers are used to monitor the TeleCom power supply in cells or substations Selection parameter 5: Package and mounting options LEM provides PCB and panel mount options including the horizontal and vertical mount LF series allowing the user to select the most appropriate transducer mounting configuration for the application. In terms of packaging LEM offers reinforced plastic housings, potted if required, to handle even the harshest operating environments. Integrated busbar options are also available from LEM. 16

17 PN = 400 A A I PN Datasheets: Open-loop Closed-loop "IT"-types I PN I P V C V OUT f X T A Connection Type I I PN Primary Sec. Technology T A I PN 25 C A A V khz % C No. 400 ±600 O/L ± V -50 (-3dB) HTB 400-P 400 ±900 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAC 400-S 400 ±900 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAS 400-S 400 ±1000 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAL 400-S 400 ±1000 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HTA 400-S 400 ±600 O/L +5/0 2.5V or V Ref ±0.625V -50 (-3dB) HAIS 400-P ±600 O/L ± V -8 (-1dB) HOP 400-SB 400 ±800 O/L ± V -10 (-1dB) HTR 400-SB 400 ±600 O/L V C /2 V ±1.667 V -50 (-3dB) HTB 400-P/SP5 400 ±900 O/L +5/0 V C /2 V ± 0.5 V -50 (-3dB) HAS 400-S/SP1 500 ±900 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAS 500-S 500 ±1000 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAL 500-S 500 ±1000 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HTA 500-S 500 ±1500 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAT 500-S 500 ±1500 O/L ±15 4 V -25 (-3dB) HAX 500-S 500 ±750 O/L ± V -8 (-1dB) HOP 500-SB 500 ±1000 O/L ± V -10 (-1dB) HOP 500-SB/SP1 500 ±1000 O/L ± V -10 (-1dB) HTR 500-SB 500 ±900 O/L +5/0 V C /2 V ± 0.5 V -50 (-3dB) HAS 500-S/SP1 600 ±900 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAS 600-S 600 ±1000 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAL 600-S 600 ±1000 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HTA 600-S 600 ±1800 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAC 600-S 600 ±900 O/L ± V -8 (-1dB) HOP 600-SB 600 ±900 O/L +5/0 V C /2 V ± 0.5 V -50 (-3dB) HAS 600-S/SP1 800 ±1800 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAC 800-S 800 ±2400 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAT 800-S 800 ±1600 O/L ± V -10 (-1dB) HOP 800-SB 500 ±800 C/L ± ma -100 (-3dB) LA 305-S/SP1 500 ±800 C/L ± ma -100 (-3dB) LA 305-T/SP1 500 ±800 C/L ± ma -100 (-1dB) LF 505-S 500 ± 800 C/L ± ma -100 (-1dB) 0, LF 505-S/SP ±1200 C/L ± ma -150 (-1dB) LT 505-S 500 ±1200 C/L ± ma -150 (-1dB) LT 505-T 400 ±400 "IT ± ma -100 (-3dB) IT 400-S 600 ±600 "IT ± ma -100 (3dB) IT 600-S 700 ±700 "IT ± ma -500 (3dB) IT 700-S 1 Small signal bandwidth to avoid excessive core heating at high frequency. 2 Refout & Refin modes. recognized on the way to be recognized PCB Aperture, busbar, other PCB Other Packaging 17

18 Current Transducers Leveraging over 30 years experience designing current and voltage transducers for industries most demanding applications, LEM continues to meet the challenges imposed by today s applications, by compact size, reduced weight, higher EMC immunity, and safety isolation with enhanced measurement accuracy, increased reliability and the same high level of performance our customers expect. LEM Know How... Our engineers are available to assist at any point in the development process to ensure the selected transducer is the most appropriate for the application. LEM offers our knowledge and experience to provide application assistance to help maximize the performance of our product in your design. In addition to modern tools like finite element analysis, LEM also has test facilities, and bench level systems, to allow us to recreate your operating conditions in our labs. We do this to help you to optimize your design and guarantee its final performance. Forklift truck drive control system ensured by current measurements Modularity Selection parameter 6: Secondary connections With PCB mount packages, secondary connection is achieved with standard solderable pin terminals. For Panel mount transducers LEM offers the following standard secondary connection types: LEM also offers custom and specialty connections, i.e. LEMO, Sub-D, etc, as well as AMP, Burndy, and other industry standard connectors. Metric (M4, M5) and UNC threaded studs Fast-on Cable Molex 18

19 PN = 1000 A A I PN Datasheets: Open-loop Closed-loop I PN I P V C V OUT f X T A Connection Type I I PN Primary Sec. Technology T A I PN 25 C A A V khz % C No ±1000 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HTA 1000-S 1000 ±3000 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAT 1000-S 1000 ±3000 O/L ±15 4 V -25 (-3dB) HAX 1000-S 1000 ±2000 O/L ± V -10 (-1dB) HOP 1000-SB 1200 ±3000 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAT 1200-S 1500 ±3000 O/L ±15 4 V -50 (-3dB) HAT 1500-S 1500 ±4500 O/L ±15 4 V -25 (-3dB) HAX 1500-S 1500 ±3000 O/L ± V -10 (-1dB) HOP 1500-SB 2000 ±5500 O/L ±15 4 V -25 (-3dB) HAX 2000-S 2000 ±3000 O/L ± V -10 (-1dB) HOP 2000-SB 2000 ±3000 O/L ± V -4 (-1dB) HOP 2000-SB/SP ±5500 O/L ±15 4 V -25 (-3dB) HAX 2500-S 1000 ±1500 C/L ± ma -150 (-1dB) LF 1005-S 1000 ±2000 C/L ± ma -150 (-1dB) LT 1005-S 1000 ±2000 C/L ± ma -150 (-1dB) LT 1005-T 1000 ±1500 C/L ± ma -150 (-1dB) 0, LF 1005-S/SP ±3000 C/L ± ma -100 (-1dB) LT 2000-S 2000 ±3000 C/L ± ma -100 (-1dB) LT 2000-T 2000 ±3000 C/L ± ma -100 (-1dB) LT 2005-S 2000 ±3000 C/L ± ma -100 (-1dB) LT 2005-T 2000 ±3000 C/L ± ma -100 (-1dB) LF 2000-S 2000 ±3000 C/L ± ma -100 (-1dB) LF 2005-S 4000 ±4000 O/L ±15 10 V -3 (-3dB) HAZ 4000-SB 4000 ±6000 C/L ± ma -100 (-1dB) LT 4000-S 4000 ±6000 C/L ± ma -100 (-1dB) LT 4000-T 6000 ±6000 O/L ±15 10 V -3 (-3dB) HAZ 6000-SB ±10000 O/L ±15 10 V -3 (-3dB) HAZ SB ±15000 C/L ± A -100 (-1dB) LT S ±12000 O/L ±15 10 V -3 (-3dB) HAZ SB ±14000 O/L ±15 10 V -3 (-3dB) HAZ SB ±20000 O/L ±15 10 V -3 (-3dB) HAZ SB 1 Small signal bandwidth to avoid excessive core heating at high frequency. recognized on the way to be recognized PCB Aperture, busbar, other PCB Other Packaging 19

20 Current Transducers for Automation The key feature of this specific range of products is to provide outputs suited for interface to process control systems. Outputs provide an instantaneous, RMS or True RMS signal and could be a voltage (10 V or 5 V) or current (4-20 ma). That allows a direct interface with a PLC, meter, or other instruments. Transducers are available with solid core or split core package and can be panel fixed or DIN rail mounted. Multiple applications These transducers are particularly well suited for the following applications: - AC or motor load control (pump, conveyor, fan, machine tool, ) - Metering - Remote monitoring - Heater load control - Battery current monitoring - Light control Automated controlling of pumps Multiple electrical and mechanical configurations with a variety of output signals Selection parameter 7: Output signal LEM transducers are available with different output signals, depending on the operation principle and the application. Closed Loop transducers generally provide a current output, proportional to the primary signal. The user can obtain a voltage signal by defining a burden resistor within the limits specified in the datasheet. Open Loop, Eta,CT type and PRiME transducers directly provide an amplified voltage signal proportional to the primary current. In the case of single supply voltage, the output signal varies around a nonzero reference. The process control series offers specific output signals suited to interface with PLCs, controllers, meters, and other instrumentation. The following output options are available: - Instantaneous voltage or current (4-20 ma) - True RMS voltage or current (4-20 ma) 20

21 PN = 0.01 A A Datasheets: I PN I PN I P V C V OUT f X T A Mounting Type LP = Loop I I PN powered T A = SP = I PN 25 C powered DIN Panel Technology A A V Hz % C No. Fluxgate 10, 20, 50 18, 36, 90 PRiME + 24V 0-10V, 0-5V AP 50 B10 10, 20, 50 13, 26, 65 PRiME LP 4-20mA AP 50 B420L 50, 75, , 135, 180 PRiME + 24V 0-10V, 0-5V AP 100 B10 50, 75, , 98, 130 PRiME LP 4-20mA AP 100 B420L 100, 150, , 270, 360 PRiME + 24V 0-10V, 0-5V AP 200 B10 100, 150, , 195, 260 PRiME LP 4-20mA AP 200 B420L 200, 300, , 540, 720 PRiME + 24V 0-10V, 0-5V AP 400 B10 200, 300, , 390, 525 PRiME LP 4-20mA AP 400 B420L , 20, 50 10, 20, , 150, , 150, , , 30, 75 13, 26, , 225, , 195, 260 CT CT CT CT CT LP SP LP SP LP 4-20mA 0-10V mA 0-10V mA AK 5 C420L AK 50 C10 AK 50 C420L AK 200 C10 AK 200 C420L 10, 20, 50 18, 36, 90 PRiME + 24V 0-10V, 0-5V APR 50 B10 10, 20, 50 13, 26, 65 PRiME LP 4-20mA APR 50 B420L 50, 75, , 135, 180 PRiME + 24V 0-10V, 0-5V APR 100 B10 50, 75, , 98, 130 PRiME LP 4-20mA APR 100 B420L 100, 150, , 270, 360 PRiME + 24V 0-10V, 0-5V APR 200 B10 100, 150, , 195, 260 PRiME LP 4-20mA APR 200 B420L 200, 300, , 540, 720 PRiME + 24V 0-10V, 0-5V APR 400 B10 200, 300, , 390, 525 PRiME LP 4-20mA APR 400 B420L , 20, , 150, , , 26, , 195, 260 CT CT CT LP LP LP 4-20mA 4-20mA 4-20mA AKR 5 C420L AKR 50 C420L AKR 200 C420L O/L ± 15V 0-20mA (-3dB) HAZ 4000-SRI O/L ± 15V 0-20mA HAZ 6000-SRI O/L ± 15V 0-20mA (-3dB) HAZ SRI O/L ± 15V 0-20mA (-3dB) HAZ SRI O/L ± 15V 0-20mA (-3dB) HAZ SRI O/L ± 15V 0-20mA (-3dB) HAZ SRI 5, 10, 20 50, 75, , 150, , 150, , 225, , 150, , 225, , 225, , 300, , 300, , 75, , 75, , 150, , 150, , 225, , 225, , 300, , 300, 400 0,01 0,1 0,5 5.7, 11.5, , 85, , 170, , 175, , 258, , 175, , 258, , 265, , 345, , 355, , 85, , 90, , 170, , 175, , 258, , 265, , 345, , 355, 475 0,016 0,16 0,8 O/L O/L O/L O/L O/L O/L O/L O/L O/L O/L O/L O/L O/L O/L O/L O/L O/L O/L F.G F.G F.G + 24V + 24V + 24V + 24V + 24V + 24V + 24V + 24V + 24V + 24V + 24V + 24V + 24V + 24V + 24V + 24V + 24V + 24V ±12..15V ±12..15V ±12..15V 0-10V mA3 0-10V mA3 0-10V mA3 0-10V mA3 0-10V mA3 0-10V mA 0-10V mA 0-10V mA 0-10V mA 0-10V V V DK 20 C10 DK 20 C420 DK 100 C10 DK 100 C420 DK 200 C10 DK 200 C420 DK 300 C10 DK 300 C420 DK 400 C10 DK 400 C420 DK 100 B10 DK 100 B420 DK 200 B10 DK 200 B420 DK 300 B10 DK 300 B420 DK 400 B10 DK 400 B420 DF 0.01 C10 DF 0.1 C10 DF 0.5 C V version available 2 With adaptor 3 bipolar version available recognized on the way to be recognized listed 4 small signal bandwidth to avoid excessive core heating at high frequency AC RMS AC true RMS AC- true RMS PRiME Open-loop Current transformer Packaging 21

22 Voltage Transducers A wide selection of LEM solutions is available for galvanically isolated voltage measurement, at various levels of performance. LEM currently offers two different options for voltage measurement: User specified primary resistor: The user connects a primary resistor in series with the transducer. The value of the primary resistor R 1 is selected according to the voltage to be measured. This approach allows for maximum flexibility Integrated primary resistor: The integrated primary resistor R 1 predefines the nominal measuring voltage of the transducer. LEM offers a wide selection of nominal voltage levels to cover a variety of applications. Selectable voltage measurements Many applications require the assessment of electric power, with the combined measurement of LEM voltage and current transducers. Users can control a variety of systems, including the lighting of airport runways. Together with current transducers, voltage transducers are used for controlling the brightness of the lights on runways. Multiple package configurations Selection parameter 8: Design standards LEM transducers are designed and tested according to recognized worldwide standards. Our range of industrial transducers comply with the following requirements: EN is our standard of reference for electrical, environmental and mechanical parameters. It guarantees the overall performances of our products in industrial environments. All of LEM products are designed according to EN CE marking is a guarantee that the product complies with the European EMC directive 89/336/EEC and the Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC, and therefore warrants the Electro-Magnetic Compatibility of the transducer and the safety isolation between primary and secondary. Virtually the entire line of LEM transducers carries the CE marking. UL is used as a reference to define the flammability of the materials (UL 94-VO), and LEM is currently recognised for main models, and is actively pursuing qualification of additional models. You can consult the UL website to get the updated list of recognised models The individual datasheets specify precisely the applicable standards & approvals & recognitions for each individual product. 22

23 PN = 10 V V V PN Voltage transducers (without resistor R 1 ) Datasheets: CT-types Closed-loop AV PN I P Techno- V C I OUT f X G T A Type PN ) (V P ) logy T I PN I PN with max ma ma V ma khz offset taken C No. I PN (V PN 10 ±14 (10 to 500 V) (700 V) C/L ± LV 25-P 2 10 ±20 (100 to 2500 V) (5000 V) C/L ± LV ±40 (100 to 2500 V) (5000 V) C/L ± LV 200-AW/2 3 Packaging 1 See response time in the individual data sheet. 2 The primary and secondary connections of this transducer are done on PCB. 3 Mechanical mounting. recognized on the way to be recognized = 50 V V V PN = 50 V V Voltage transducers (with built in resistor R 1, mechnical mounting) ±V PN ±V P Techno- V C V OUT f X G T A Type logy I OUT T V V PN with max V V V khz offset taken % C No Isolation ± ma -13 (-3dB) AV Amplifier Isolation ± ma -13 (-3dB) AV Amplifier Isolation ± ma -13 (-3dB) AV Amplifier Isolation ± ma -13 (-3dB) AV Amplifier C/L ±15 50 ma LV C/L ±15 50 ma LV C/L ± ma LV C/L ± ma LV 200-AW/2/ C/L ±15 50 ma LV C/L ± ma LV C/L ±15 50 ma LV C/L ± ma LV 200-AW/2/ CT ±15 10 V/200 V -300 (-1dB) P CV CT ±15 10 V/500 V -300 (-1dB) P CV See response time in the individual data sheet. recognized on the way to be recognized Packaging 23

24 Voltage Transducers IGBT commutation generates voltage variations with high dv/dt levels. These fluctuations may induce errors on the output signal of voltage transducers. LEM has developed special versions of transducers with a screen between the primary and the secondary circuit, significantly reducing the error generated by these perturbations. Addressing EMC The screen is a standard feature on several series of voltage transducers (CV3, AV 100, LV 200-AW/2), and is available as an option on LV 100 series. Multiple package configurations Custom-tailored solutions for current and voltage measurement Selection parameter 9: Measuring Accuracy Accuracy is a fundamental parameter in electrical systems. Selecting the right transducer is often a trade-off between several parameters: accuracy, frequency response, weight, dimensions, costs... The measuring accuracy for LEM transducers depends primarily on the operation principle. Open Loop transducers are calibrated during the manufacturing process and typically provide an accuracy better than 2 % of the nominal range at 25 C. For additional offset and gain drift parameter, please refer to individual datasheets. New ASIC based Open Loop and Eta transducers are being developed to provide improvement in gain and offset drift over traditional Open Loop transducers. 24 Closed Loop current and voltage transducers provide excellent accuracy at 25 C, in general below 1 % of the nominal range, and a reduced error over the specified temperature range, thanks to their balanced flux operation. IT and CT types are high performance transducers with exceptional accuracy level over their operating temperature range. Individual datasheets provide all relevant information to precisely calculate the overall accuracy of a given transducer in a specific application.

25 = 500 V V V PN = 500 V V Voltage transducers (with built in resistor R 1 ) (Mechanical mounting) Datasheets: CT-types Closed-loop AV ±V PN ±V P Techno- V C V OUT f X G T A Type logy I OUT T V V PN with max V V V khz offset taken % C No Isolation ± ma -13 (-3dB) AV Amplifier Isolation ± ma -13 (-3dB) AV Amplifier Isolation ± ma -13 (-3dB) AV Amplifier Isolation ± ma -13 (-3dB) AV Amplifier Isolation ± ma -13 (-3dB) AV Amplifier C/L ±15 50 ma LV C/L ± ma LV C/L ±15 50 ma LV C/L ± ma LV C/L ±15 50 ma LV C/L ± ma LV 200-AW/2/ C/L ± ma LV C/L ±15 50 ma LV C/L ± ma LV C/L ±15 50 ma LV C/L ±15 50 ma LV C/L ± ma LV 200-AW/2/ C/L ±15 50 ma LV C/L ±15 50 ma LV C/L ±15 50 ma LV C/L ± ma LV 200-AW/2/ C/L ±15 50 ma LV C/L ±15 50 ma LV C/L ± ma LV 200-AW/2/ CT ±15 10 V/1000 V -500 P CV % V PN ) CT ±15 10 V/1200 V -800 P CV % V PN ) CT ±15 10 V/1500 V -800 P CV % V PN ) CT ±15 10 V/2000 V -300 P CV % V PN ) Packaging 1 See response time in the individual data sheet. recognized on the way to be recognized 25