PROFITEST MBASE MTECH Test Instruments for IEC / DIN VDE 0100

Transcription

1 Operating Instructions PROFITEST MBASE MTECH Test Instruments for IEC / DIN VDE /2.13

2 Test Instrument and Adapter * * * * Refer to section 2.1 on page 5 regarding usage of the test probes. Control Panel LEDs & connection symbols section 19.1 Fixed Function Keys ESC: Return to submenu MEM: HELP: ON/START: I N : R LO : Key for memory functions Access context sensitive help Switch on (press for approx. 3 sec.) Start/stop measurement Trip RCD Measure R OFFSET 9 10 Softkeys Parameter selection Specify limit value Entry functions Memory functions Current Clamp and Probe Connections Interfaces and Charger Connection RS ! GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

3 Key Test Instrument and Adapter 1 Control panel with keys and display panel with snap in function for ideal viewing angle 2 Eyelets for attaching the shoulder strap 3 Rotary selector switch 4 Measuring adapter (2-pole) 5 Plug insert (country specific) 6 Test plug (with retainer ring) 7 Alligator clip (plug-on) 8 Test probes 9 t key ON/START * 10 Key I I N /compens./z OFFSET 11 Contact surfaces for finger contact 12 Test plug holder 13 Fuses 14 Holder for test probes (8) * Power ON only possible via instrument key Display Panel Measuring Function Measurement in progress/stopped PE Measured Quantities Battery Level Indicator BAT BAT Battery full Battery OK Memory Occupancy Display MEM MEM RUN READY Memory half full Connectors for current clamp / probe 15 Current clamp connection 1 16 Current clamp connection 2 17 Probe connection Interfaces, Charger Connection 18 USB slave for PC connection 19 RS 232 for connecting a barcode scanner or an RFID reader 20 Connection for Z502P charger Attention! Make sure that no standard batteries are inserted before connecting the charger. 21 Battery compartment lid (compartment for rechargeable batteries and replacement fuses) BAT BAT Memory full, transfer data to PC Please refer to section 18 for explanations regarding control and display elements. Connection test section 19.1 Battery Level Indicator Memory Occupancy Parameters Manual: Save Value Battery weak Battery (nearly) depleted: U < 8 V Connection Test Mains Connection Test ( section 19.1) PE PE Connection OK L and N reversed ( ) L N L N L PE N PE x L N PE x L N PE x L N L PE N PE x L N These operating instructions describe a test instrument with software version SW-VERSION (SW1) Overview of Device Settings and Measuring Functions Relative to Rotary Switch Setting Switch position description on page... SETUP Page 7 I N Page 15 IF Page 17 ZL-PE Page 23 ZL-N Page 25 RE Page 27 RLO Page 38 RISO Page 34 U Page 13 SENSOR Page 42 EXTRA Page 33 AUTO Pictograph Device Settings Measuring Functions UI N ta RE U / U N f / f N UI N I RE U / U N f / f N Brightness, contrast, Date/time Language (D, GB, P), Profile (ETC, PC.doc) Default settings < Test: LED, LCD, Acoustic signal Rotary switch balanc., batt. level > Contact voltage Tripping time Earth resistance Line voltage / Nominal line voltage Line frequency / Nominal line frequency Contact voltage Residual current Earth resistance Line voltage / Nominal line voltage Line frequency / Nominal line frequency ZL-PE Loop impedance IK Short-circuit current U / U N Line voltage / Nominal line voltage f / f N Line frequency / Nominal line frequency ZL-N Line impedance IK Short-circuit current U Voltage drop as a percentage Z OFFSET Offset for voltage drop U / U N Line voltage / Nominal line voltage f / f N Line frequency / Nominal line frequency Measurement with or without probe RE (L-PE) Earth loop (without probe/clamp) RE Earth resistance (with probe/clamp) UE Earth electrode voltage (only with probe) U / U N Line voltage / Nominal line voltage f / f N Line frequency / Nominal line frequency RLO Low-resistance with polarity reversal RLO+, RLO Low-resistance single-pole ROFFSET Offset resistance RINS Insulation resistance RE(INS) Earth leakage resistance U Voltage at the test probes UINS Test voltage Ramp: triggering/breakdown voltage Single-phase measurement U L-N-PE UL-N Voltage between L and N UL-PE Voltage between L and PE UN-PE Voltage between N and PE US-PE Voltage between probe and PE f Frequency 3-phase measurement U 3~ UL3-L1 Voltage between L3 and L1 UL1-L2 Voltage between L1 and L2 UL2-L3 Voltage between L2 and L3 f Frequency Phase Sequence I L/AMP T/RF PTEST ZST Residual or leakage current Temperature/humidity (in preparation) Meter start-up test Standing surface insulation impedance Automatic test sequences hardcoded in the device MBASE: RCD type A MTECH: RCD type A and B as well as loop impedance Z LPE with DC offset and positive half wave GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 3

4 Table of Contents Page Page 1 Scope of Delivery Application Using Cable Sets and Test Probes Overview of Features Included with Different PROFITEST MASTER Variants Safety Features and Precautions Initial Start-Up Preparation for use Installing or Replacing Rechargeable Batteries Switching the Instrument On and Off Battery Test Charging the Batteries in the Tester Device Settings General Instructions Connecting the Instrument Automatic Settings, Monitoring and Shut-Off Measurement Value Display and Memory Testing Earthing Contact Sockets for Correct Connection Help Function Setting Parameters or Limit Values using RCD Measurement as an Example New! Freely Adjustable Parameters or Limit Values New! Two-Pole Measurement with Rapid or Semiautomatic Polarity Reversal Measuring Alternating Voltage and Frequency Single Phase Measurement Voltage between L and N (U L-N ), L and PE (U L-PE ), as well as N and PE (U N-PE ) for country-specific plug insert, e.g. SCHUKO Voltage between L PE, N PE and L L for connection of 2-pole adapter Phase Measurement (Line-to-Line Voltage) and Phase Sequence Testing RCDs Measuring Contact Voltage (with reference to nominal residual current) with 1 / 3 Nominal Residual Current and Tripping Test with Nominal Residual Current Special Testing for Systems and RCCBs Testing Systems and RCCBs with Rising Residual Current (alternating current) for RCDs type A, AC and B Testing Systems and RCCBs with Rising Residual Current (direct current) for RCDs type B Testing RCCBS with 5 I N Testing RCCBs which are Suited for Pulsating DC Residual Current Testing for Special RCDs Systems with Type RCD-S Selective RCDs PRCDs with Non-Linear Type PRCD-K Elements SRCDs, PRCD-S (SCHUKOMAT, SIDOS or comparable) Type G or R RCCBs Testing Residual Current Circuit Breakers in TN-S Systems Testing Residual Current Circuit Breakers (RCDs) in IT Systems with High Wiring Capacitance (e.g. in Norway) Testing of Breaking Requirements Overcurrent Protective Devices, Measurement of Loop Impedance and Determination of Short-Circuit Current (functions Z L-PE and I K ) Measurements with Suppression of RCD Tripping Measurement with Positive Half-Waves (only PROFITEST MTECH) Evaluation of Measured Values Measuring Line Impedance (Z L-N function) Earthing Resistance Measurement (function R E ) Measuring with Probe Measuring Without Probe Measuring Earth Electrode Potential (function U E ) Selective Earth Resistance Measurement with Accessory Current Clamp Sensor Measuring the Impedance of Insulating Floors and Walls (standing surface insulation impedance Z ST ) Measuring Insulation Resistance General Special Case: Earth Leakage Resistance (R EINS ) Testing Meter Start-Up with Earthing Contact Adapter Measuring Low-Value Resistance of up to 100 Ohm (protective conductors and protective equipotential bonding conductors) New! Automatic Test Sequences AUTO Function Measurement with Accessory Sensors Measuring Current with a Current Sensor Clamp Database Creating Distributor Structures, General Transferring Distributor Structures Creating a Distributor Structure in the Test Instrument Structure Creation (Example for Electrical Circuit) Searching for Structural Elements Data Storage and Reporting Using Barcode and RFID Readers Operating and Display Elements Characteristic Values LED Indications, Mains Connections and Potential Differences Maintenance Firmware Revision and Calibration Information Rechargeable Battery Operation and Charging Charging Procedure with the Z502P Charger (accessory) Fuses Housing Appendix Tables for the determination of maximum or minimum display values under consideration of maximum instrument operating uncertainty: Testing Electrical Machinery per DIN EN Applications, Limit Values Periodic Testing per BGV A3 Limit Values for Electrical Systems and Equipment List of Abbreviations and their Meanings Index Bibliography Internet Addresses for Additional Information Repair and Replacement Parts Service Calibration Center and Rental Instrument Service Recalibration Product Support Scope of Delivery 1 test instrument 1 earthing contact plug insert (country-specific) 1 2-pole measuring adapter and 1 cable for expansion into a 3-pole adapter (PRO-A3-II) 2 alligator clips 1 shoulder strap 1 Set of rechargeable batteries (Z502C) 1 Battery charger (Z502P) 1 condensed operating instructions 1 CD ROM with operating instructions 1 DAkkS calibration certificate 1 USB interface cable 4 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

5 2 Application The PROFITEST MASTER measuring and test instrument is used for rapid and efficient testing of protective measures in accordance with DIN VDE 0100, part 600:2008 (Erection of low-voltage installations; tests initial tests), ÖVE-EN 1 (Austria), SEV 3755 (Switzerland) and other country-specific regulations. The device is equipped with a microprocessor and complies with IEC 61557/EN 61557/VDE 0413 regulations: Part 1: General requirements Part 2: Insulation resistance testers Part 3: Loop resistance testers Part 4: Instruments for the measurement of resistance at earthing conductors, protective conductors and bonding conductors Part 5: Earthing resistance testers Part 6: Instruments for the testing of proper functioning of residual current devices (RCDs) and the effectiveness of protective measures in TT and TN systems Part 7: Phase sequence testers Part 10:Combined instruments for the testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures It is especially suited for: Systems set-up Initial start-up Periodic testing Troubleshooting for electrical systems All measurement values required for approval reports (e.g. ZVEH) can be acquired with the instrument. All acquired data can be archived, and measurement and test reports can be printed out at a PC. This is of special significance where product liability is concerned. The applications range of the PROFITEST MASTER covers all alternating and three-phase current systems with nominal voltages of 230 V / 400 V (300 V / 500 V), and nominal frequencies of 16 2 / 3 / 50 / 60 / 200 / 400 Hz. The following measurements and tests can be performed with the PROFITEST MASTER: Voltage / frequency / phase sequence Loop impedance / line impedance RCD protective circuits Earthing resistance / earth electrode potential Standing surface insulation resistance / insulation resistance Earth leakage resistance Low-value resistance (potential equalization) Leakage current with current transformer clamp Meter start-up Cable length See section 21.2 regarding testing of electrical machines per DIN EN For periodic tests in accordance with BGV A3, see section Meaning of Symbols on the Instrument Warning concerning a source of danger! (attention: observe documentation!) Safety class II device charging socket for DC low voltage (Z502P charger) Attention! Make sure that only rechargeable batteries are inserted before connecting the charger. This device may not be disposed of with the trash. Further information regarding the WEEE mark can be accessed at by entering the search term WEEE. EC label of conformity 2.1 Using Cable Sets and Test Probes 2 or 3-pole measuring adapter included 2-pole measuring adapter with 10 m cable as optional accessory: PRO-RLO II (Z501P) KS24 cable set as optional accessory (GTZ R0001) Measurements per DIN EN may only be performed in environments in accordance with measuring categories III and IV with the safety cap attached to the test probe at the end of the measurement cable. In order to establish contact inside 4 mm jacks, the safety caps have to be removed by prying open the snap fastener with a pointed object (e.g. the other test probe). 2.2 Overview of Features Included with Different PROFITEST MASTER Variants PROFITEST... MBASE MPRO MTECH MXTRA Article Number M520M M520N M520O M520P Testing of residual current devices (RCDs) U B measurement without tripping RCD Tripping time measurement Measurement of tripping current I F Selective, SRCDs, PRCDs, type G/R AC/DC sensitive RCDs, type B, type B+ 3 3 Testing of IMDs 3 Testing of RCMs 3 Testing for N-PE reversal Measurement of loop impedance Z L-PE / Z L-N Fuse table for systems without RCDs Without tripping the RCD, fuse table 3 3 With 15 ma test current 1 without tripping the RCD Earthing resistance R E (mains operation) I-U measuring method (2/3-wire measuring method via measuring adapter: 2-wire/2-wire + probe) Earthing resistance R E (battery operation) 3 or 4-wire measurement via PRO-RE adapter 3 3 Soil resistivity E (battery operation) (4-wire measurement via PRO-RE adapter) 3 3 Selective earthing resistance R E (mains operation) with 2-pole adapter, probe, earth electrode and current clamp sensor (3-wire measuring method) Selective earthing resistance R E (battery operation) with probe, earth electrode and current clamp sensor (4-wire measuring method via PRO-RE 3 3 adapter and current clamp sensor) Earth loop resistance R ELOOP (battery operation) with 2 clamps (current clamp sensor direct 3 3 and current clamp transformer via PRO-RE/2 adapter) Measurement of equipotential bonding R LO, automatic polarity reversal Insulation resistance R ISO, variable or rising test voltage (ramp) Voltage U L-N / U L-PE / U N-PE / f Special measurements Leakage current (with clamp) I L, I AMP Phase sequence Earth leakage resistance R E(ISO) Voltage drop Standing-surface insulation Z ST Meter start-up Leakage current with PRO-AB adapter 3 Residual voltage test 3 Intelligent ramp 3 Features Selectable user interface language Memory (database for up to 50,000 objects) Automatic test sequence function RS 232 port for RFID/barcode scanner USB port for data transmission Interface for Bluetooth 3 ETC user software for PC Measuring category: CAT III 600 V/CAT IV 300 V DAkkS calibration The so-called live measurement is only advisable if there is no biasing current within the system. Only suitable for motor circuit breaker with low nominal current. 2 hardcoded in the device, cannot be modified GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 5

6 3 Safety Features and Precautions This instrument fulfills the requirements of applicable European and national EC guidelines. We confirm this by affixing the CE mark. The relevant declaration of conformity can be obtained from GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH. The electronic measuring and test instrument is manufactured and tested in accordance with safety regulations IEC / EN / VDE Only when used for its intended purpose, safety of the operator, as well as that of the instrument, is assured. Read the operating instructions thoroughly and carefully before using your instrument. Follow all instructions contained therein. Make sure that the operating instructions are available to all users of the instrument. Tests may only be executed by a qualified electrician. Grip and hold the test plug and test probes securely when they have been inserted, for example, into a socket. Danger of injury exists if tugging at the coil cord occurs, which may cause the test plug or test probes to snap back. The measuring and test instrument may not be placed into service: if the battery compartment lid has been removed if external damage is apparent if the connector cable or measuring adapters are damaged if the instrument no longer functions flawlessly after a long period of storage under unfavorable conditions (e.g. humidity, dust or extreme temperature) Exclusion of Liability When testing systems with RCCBs, the RCCBs may switch off. This may occur even though the test does not normally call for it. Leakage currents may be present which, in combination with the test current of the test instrument, exceed the shutdown threshold value of the RCCB. PCs which are operated in proximity to such RCCB systems may switch off as a consequence. This may result in inadvertent loss of data. Before conducting the test, precautions should thus be taken to ensure that all data and programs are adequately saved (Data backup see Page 47.), and the computer should be switched off if necessary. The manufacturer of the test instrument assumes no liability for any direct or consequential damages to equipment, computers, peripheral equipment or databases which occurs while performing tests. Opening of Equipment / Repair The equipment may be opened only by authorized service personnel to ensure the safe and correct operation of the equipment and to keep the warranty valid. Even original spare parts may be installed only by authorized service personnel. In case the equipment was opened by unauthorized personnel, no warranty regarding personal safety, measurement accuracy, conformity with applicable safety measures or any consequential damage is granted by the manufacturer. 4 Initial Start-Up 4.1 Preparation for use Before putting the test instrument into service and using it for the first time, the lamination sheets must be removed from the two sensor surfaces (finger contacts) of the test plug in order to ensure that contact voltage is reliably detected. 4.2 Installing or Replacing Rechargeable Batteries! Attention! Before opening the battery compartment, disconnect the instrument from the measuring circuit (mains) at all poles! We recommend rechargeable NiMH batteries. See also section 20.2 on page 59 concerning charging and the battery charger. Always replace batteries in complete sets. Dispose of rechargeable batteries in an environmentally sound fashion towards the end of their useful life (charging capacity approx. 80%). Ð Loosen the slotted screw for the battery compartment lid on the back and remove the lid. Ð Remove the battery holder and insert eight 1.5 V AA batteries with correct polarity in accordance with the symbols. Ð Ð! Attention! Make sure that all of the rechargeable batteries are inserted with correct polarity. If just one battery is inserted with reversed polarity, it will not be recognized by the instrument and may result in battery leakage. Slide the battery holder with batteries back in to the battery compartment. The holder can only be inserted in its proper position. Replace the lid and retighten the screw.! Attention! The instrument may only be placed into service if the battery compartment lid is securely fastened! Incorrectly inserted rechargeable batteries may result in battery leakage! 4.3 Switching the Instrument On and Off The test instrument is switched on by pressing the ON/START key. The menu which corresponds to the momentary selector switch position is displayed. The instrument can be switched off manually by simultaneously pressing the MEM and HELP keys. After the period of time selected in the SETUP menus has elapsed, the instrument is switched off automatically (see Device Settings, section Battery Test If battery voltage has fallen below the allowable lower limit, the pictograph shown at the right appears. BAT Low Batt!!! is also displayed along with a battery symbol. The instrument does not function if the rechargeable batteries have been depleted excessively, and no display appears. 4.5 Charging the Batteries in the Tester! Attention! Use the Z502P charger only (available as an accessory) in order to charge batteries which have already been inserted into the tester. Make sure that the following conditions have been fulfilled before connecting the charger to the charging socket: Rechargeable batteries have been installed with correct polarity (not standard batteries) the plug of the charger has been connected with correct polarity, see also section The instrument has been disconnected from the measuring circuit at all poles The instrument must remain off during charging. Refer to section with regard to charging batteries which have been inserted into the tester. If the rechargeable batteries or the battery pack have not been used or charged for an extended period of time (> 1 month) (up to a state of excessive depletion): Observe the charging process (which is indicated by LEDs at the battery charger) and start another charging process if necessary (disconnect the battery charger from the mains and from the test instrument for this purpose. Reconnect it afterwards). Please note that the system clock does not continue in this case and must be reset after starting the instrument again. 6 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

7 4.6 Device Settings SETUP 0 Display: date / time Display: automatic shutdown of the tester after 45 sec. Display: automatic shutdown of display illumination after 15 sec. 0a 0b Menu Selection for Operating Parameters LED and LCD test menu Rotary switch balancing menu and battery test Brightness/contrast menu, time, language, profiles Software revision level, calibration date Select inspector (modification via ETC) 1 Return to main menu LED Tests LCD and Acoustic Signal Tests Cell test MAINS LED: test green Inverse cell test MAINS LED: test red Hide all pixels UL/RL LED: test red Show all pixels RCD-FI LED: test red Acoustic signal test 3 Brightness and Contrast Settings Return to main menu Increase brightness Decrease brightness Increase contrast Decrease contrast Time, On-Time and Default Settings Set time Set date Language of online instructions Profiles for distributor structures Default settings 3a 3b 3c 3d On-time Display illumination/test instrument 3e On-time Display Illumination Return to main menu On-time Test Instrument 0b 0a GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 7

8 0 Display: date / time Display: automatic shutdown of the tester after 45 sec. Display: automatic shutdown of display illumination after 15 sec. 0a 0b Menu Selection for Operating Parameters LED and LCD test menu Rotary switch balancing menu and battery test Brightness/contrast menu, time, language, profiles Software revision level, calibration date Select inspector (modification via ETC) 3 Set Brightness and Contrast Return to main menu Increase brightness Decrease brightness Increase contrast Decrease contrast Set Time, Language, Profile, Acoustic Signal Set time Set date Language of online instructions Profiles for distributor structures 3d On-time Display illumination/test instrument Default settings 3a 3b 3c 3e 3a Return to submenu Set Time Set time/date Decrease hours Decrease minutes Decrease seconds Activate settings Increase hours Increase minutes Increase seconds 3b Return to submenu Set Date Set time/date Activate settings Decrease day Decrease month Decrease year Increase day Increase month Increase year 8 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

9 Significance of the Individual Parameters 0a On-time Test Instrument With this function, you can select the time interval after which the test instrument switches off automatically. This selection has a significant effect on the service life and the charging condition of the rechargeable batteries. 0b On-time LCD Illumination With this function, you can select the time interval after which the LCD illumination switches off automatically. This selection has a significant effect on the service life and the charging condition of the rechargeable batteries. Submenu: Rotary Switch Balancing Proceed as follows in order to precision adjust the rotary switch: 1 Press the TESTS Rotary Switch / Battery Test softkey in order to access the rotary switch balancing menu. 2 Then press the softkey with the rotary switch symbol. 3 Turn the rotary switch clockwise to the next respective measuring function (I N first after SETUP). 4 Press the softkey assigned to the rotary switch in the figure. After pressing the softkey, the display switches to the next measuring function. Labeling in the LCD image must correspond to the actual position of the rotary switch. The level bar in the LCD image of the rotary switch should be located in the middle of the black field, and is supplemented at the right-hand side with a number within a range of 1 to 101. This value should be between 45 and 55. In the case of 1 or 101 the rotary disc position does not match with the measuring function activated in the LCD display. 5 If the displayed value is not within this range, readjust the position by pressing the Readjust softkey. A brief acoustic signal acknowledges readjustment. If labeling in the LCD image of the rotary switch does not correspond with its actual position, a continuous acoustic signal is generated as a warning when the Readjust softkey is pressed. 6 Return to point 2 and continue. Repeat this procedure until all rotary switch functions have been tested, and if necessary readjusted. Ð Press ESC in order to return to the main menu. Submenu: Battery Level Query 2 Ð! 3c 3d Attention! Data Loss when changing language, profiles or reset to default settings! Save your measurement data to a PC before pressing the corresponding key. The window shown on the right-hand side prompts you to acknowledge deletion once again. User Interface Language (CULTURE) Select the desired country-specific setup with the appropriate country code. Profiles for Distributor Structures (PROFILES) The profiles describe the topology structure. The structure of the PC evaluation program in use may differ from that of the PROFITEST MASTER. The PROFITEST MASTER therefore offers the possibility to adapt to the PC evaluation program structure. By selecting the appropriate profile, you determine which object combinations are possible. It is, for example, possible to create a distributor under another distributor or to store a measurement for a building. Ð Select the PC evaluation programs you intend to use. If you have not selected an appropriate evaluation program and, for example, the storage of measured values is not possible at the selected point in the structure, the window shown at the right pops up. 3e Default Settings (GOME SETTING) The test instrument is returned to its original default settings when this key is activated. Firmware Revision and Calibration Information (Example) 4 If battery voltage falls short of or equals 8.0 V, the UL/RL LED lights up red, accompanied by an acoustic warning signal. Measuring Sequence If battery voltage drops below 8.0 V during a measuring sequence, this is signalled by a pop-up window. The measured values are invalid. The measuring results cannot be stored. Ð Press any key in order to return to the main menu. Ð Press ESC in order to return to the main menu. GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 9

10 5 General Instructions 5.1 Connecting the Instrument For systems with earthing contact sockets, connect the instrument to the mains with the test plug to which the appropriate country-specific plug insert is attached. Voltage between phase conductor L and protective conductor PE may not exceed 253 V! Socket polarity need not be taken into consideration. The instrument detects the positions of phase conductor L and neutral conductor N, and automatically reverses polarity if necessary. This does not apply to the following measurements: Voltage measurement in switch position U Insulation resistance measurement Low-value resistance measurement The positions of phase conductor L and neutral conductor N are identified on the plug insert. If measurement is to be performed at three-phase outlets, distribution cabinets or permanent connections, the measuring adapter must be attached to the test plug (see also table 16.1). Connection is established with the test probes: one at PE or N and the other at L. The 2-pole measuring adapter must be expanded to 3 poles with the included measurement cable for the performance of phase sequence testing. Contact voltage (during RCCB testing) and earthing resistance can, and earth-electrode potential, standing surface insulation resistance and probe voltage must be measured with a probe. The probe is connected to the probe connector socket with a 4 mm contact protected plug. 5.2 Automatic Settings, Monitoring and Shut-Off The test instrument automatically selects all operating conditions which it is capable of determining itself. It tests line voltage and frequency. If these lie within their valid nominal ranges, they appear at the display panel. If they are not within their nominal ranges, prevailing voltage (U) and frequency (f) are displayed instead of U N and f N. Contact voltage which is induced by test current is monitored for each measuring sequence. If contact voltage exceeds the limit value of 25 V or 50 V, measurement is immediately interrupted. The U L /R L LED lights up red. If battery voltage falls below the allowable limit value, the instrument cannot be switched on or it is immediately switched off. The measurement is interrupted automatically, or the measuring sequence is disabled (except for voltage measuring ranges and phase sequence testing) in the event of: Non-allowable line voltages (< 60 V, > 253 V / > 330 V / > 440 V or > 550 V) for measurements which require line voltage Interference voltage during insulation resistance or low resistance measurement Overheating of the instrument As a rule, excessive temperatures only occur after approximately 50 measurement sequences at intervals of 5 seconds, when the rotary selector switch is set to the Z L-PE or Z L-N position. If an attempt is made to start a measuring sequence, an appropriate message appears at the display panel. The instrument only switches itself off automatically after completion of an automatic measuring sequence, and after the predetermined on-time has expired (see section 4.3). On-time is reset to its original value as defined in the setup menu, as soon as any key or the rotary selector switch is activated. The instrument remains on for approximately 75 seconds in addition to the preset on-time for measurements with rising residual current in systems with selective RCDs. The instrument always shuts itself off automatically! 5.3 Measurement Value Display and Memory The following appear at the display panel: Measurement values with abbreviations and units of measure Selected function Nominal voltage Nominal frequency Error messages Measurement values for automatic measuring sequences are stored and displayed as digital values until the next measurement sequence is started, or until automatic shut-off occurs. If the upper range limit is exceeded, the upper limit value is displayed and is preceded by the > symbol (greater than), which indicates measurement value overrun. The LCD displays shown in these operating instructions may differ from those of the current test instrument due to product improvements. 5.4 Testing Earthing Contact Sockets for Correct Connection The testing of earthing contact sockets for correct connection prior to protective measures testing is simplified by means of the instrument s error detection system. The instrument indicates improper connection as follows: Non-allowable line voltage (< 60 V or > 253 V): The MAINS/NETZ LED blinks red and the measuring sequence is disabled. Protective conductor not connected or potential to earth 50 V at f 50 Hz (switch position U single-phase measurement): If the contact surfaces are touched (finger contact) while PE is being contacted (via a country-specific plug insert, e.g. SCHUKO, as well as via the PE test probe at the 2-pole adapter) PE is displayed. The U L /R L and RCD/FI LEDs light up red as well. * for reliably detecting the contact voltages, both sensor surfaces at the test plug must be touched directly with the finger/palm without any skin protection applied, see also section 4.1. Neutral conductor N not connected (during mains dependent measurements): The MAINS/NETZ LED blinks green. One of the two protective contacts is not connected: Testing for this condition is performed automatically for the RCD functions. Poor contact resistance at one of the contacts leads to one of the following displays depending upon plug polarity: Display in the connection pictograph: PE interrupted (x) or lower protective conductor jumper interrupted with reference to the keys on the test plug Cause: voltage measuring path interrupted Result: measurement is disabled! Display in the connection pictograph: Upper protective conductor jumper interrupted with reference to the keys on the test plug Cause: current measuring path interrupted Result: no measured value display See also LED Indications, Mains Connections and Potential Differences beginning on page 53. Attention! Reversal of N and PE in a system without RCCBs cannot be detected and is not indicated by the instrument. In a system with an RCCB, the breaker is tripped during measurement of contact voltage without tripping (automatic Z L-N measurement) if N and PE have been reversed. 10 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

11 5.5 Help Function The following information can be displayed for each switch position and basic function after it has been selected with the rotary selector switch: Wiring diagram Measuring range Nominal range of use and Measuring Uncertainty Nominal value Ð Ð Ð Press the HELP key in order to query online help: If several pages of help are available for the respective measuring function, the HELP key must be pressed repeatedly. Press the ESC key in order to exit online help. 5.6 Setting Parameters or Limit Values using RCD Measurement as an Example Access the submenu for setting the desired parameter. 2 Select the parameter with the or scroll key. 3 Go to the settings menu for the selected parameter with the scroll key. 4 Adjust the value with the or scroll key. 5 Acknowledge the setting value with the key. This value is transferred to the settings menu. 6 The setting value is not permanently accepted for the respective measurement until 3 is pressed, after which the display is returned to the main menu. You can return to the main menu by pressing ESC instead of 3 without accepting the newly selected value. Parameter Blocking The individual selected parameters are subjected to a plausibility test before they are accepted by the measuring window. If the selected parameter does not make sense in combination with the other parameters that have been preset, it is not accepted and an error window appears. The parameter previously set is retained in the memory. Remedy: Select another parameter. GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 11

12 5.7 New! Freely Adjustable Parameters or Limit Values In addition to the fixed values, additional values can be freely adjusted within specified limits for certain parameters provided symbol Menu EDIT (3) appears at the end of the list of setting values. Freely Assigning a Limit Value or Nominal Voltage 5.8 New! Two-Pole Measurement with Rapid or Semiautomatic Polarity Reversal Rapid, semiautomatic two-pole measurement is available for the following tests. Voltage measurement U Loop impedance measurement Z LP-E Insulation resistance measurement R ISO 3 Select editable value Select editable value Rapid polarity reversal at the test plug The polarity parameter is set to AUTO. Quick, convenient switching through all of the polarity variants without opening the submenu for parameter settings is accomplished by pressing the I N key on the instrument, or on the test plug. 4 Select EDIT menu Select digit/unit Select digit/unit Accept digit/unit 3 Save value (to list) Delete character 1 Submenu for accessing adjustment of the desired parameter (no screenshot, see section 5.6). 2 Select the parameter (U L or U N ) with the or scroll key (no screenshot, see section 5.6). 3 Select the desired value with the symbol using the or scroll key. 4 Open the edit menu: Press the key with the symbol. 5 Select the desired digit or unit with the LEFT or RIGHT scroll key. The digit or unit is accepted with the key. The entire value is accepted by selecting the 3 symbol and acknowledging with the key. The new limit value or nominal value is added to the list. Adhere to the specified limits for the new setting value. New, freely adjusted limit values or nominal values in the parameters list can be deleted or changed with the help of a PC using the ETC program. 01/10 02/10 03/10 04/10 05/10 06/10 07/10 08/10 09/10 10/10 Semi-Automatic Polarity Reversal in Memory Mode The polarity parameter is set to AUTO. If a test needs to be executed with all polarity variants, semiautomatic polarity reversal is executed after each measurement by pressing the Save key. Polarity variants can be skipped by pressing the I N key on the instrument, or on the test plug. 01/10 02/10 03/10 04/10 05/10 06/10 07/10 08/10 09/10 10/10 L1-PE L2-PE L3-PE N-PE L1-N L2-N L3-N L1-L2 L2-L3 L1-L3 L1-PE L2-PE L3-PE N-PE L1-N L2-N L3-N L1-L2 L2-L3 L1-L3 12 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

13 6 Measuring Alternating Voltage and Frequency Select the Measuring Function U Switching Back and Forth Between Single and 3-Phase Measurement Repeatedly press the softkey shown at the left in order to switch back and forth between single and 3-phase measurement. The selected phase measurement is displayed inverse (white on black) Voltage between L PE, N PE and L L for connection of 2-pole adapter Setting Parameters Repeatedly press the sofkey shown at the left in order to switch back and forth between the countryspecific plug insert, e.g. SCHUKO, and the 2-pole adapter. The selected connection type is displayed inverse (white on black). 6.1 Single Phase Measurement Connection 2-pole measurement with fast or semiautomatic polarity reversal, see section 5.8. A probe must be set for measuring probe voltage U S-PE Voltage between L and N (U L-N ), L and PE (U L-PE ), as well as N and PE (U N-PE ) for country-specific plug insert, e.g. SCHUKO Repeatedly press the sofkey shown at the left in order to switch back and forth between the countryspecific plug insert, e.g. SCHUKO, and the 2-pole adapter. The selected connection type is displayed inverse (white on black). 1 2 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 13

14 6.2 3-Phase Measurement (Line-to-Line Voltage) and Phase Sequence Connection The measuring adapter (2-pole) is required in order to connect the instrument, and is expanded into a 3-pole measuring adapter with the included measurement cable. 7 Testing RCDs The testing of residual current devices (RCDs) includes: Visual inspection Testing Measurement The test instrument is used for testing and measurement. Measuring Method The following must be substantiated by generating a fault current downstream from the RCD: That the RCD is tripped no later than upon reaching its nominal fault current value That the continuously allowable contact voltage value U L agreed upon for the respective system is not exceeded Ð Press softkey U3~ This is achieved by means of: Contact voltage measurement: 16 measurements with full-waves and extrapolation of I N I N Substantiation of tripping within 400 ms or 200 ms with I N I N (measurement for up to 1000 ms) t a Clockwise phase sequence is generally required for all 3-phase electrical outlets. Measurement instrument connection is usually problematic with CEE outlets due to contact problems. Measurements can be executed quickly and reliably without contact problems with the help of the Z500A variable plug adapter set available from GMC. Connection for 3-wire measurement, plug L1-L2-L3 in clockwise direction as of PE socket Direction of rotation is indicated by means of the following displays: Substantiation of tripping current with rising residual current, value must be between 50 and 100% of I N (usually approx. 70%) I a No premature tripping with the test instrument, because testing is begin at 30% residual current (if no biasing current occurs within the system). T Clockwise Counter-Clockwise RCD/FI Table Type of Differential Current Suddenly occurring Correct RCCB Function Type AC Type A Type B See section 19.1 regarding all indications for the mains connection test. Alternating current Slowly rising Voltage Polarity If the installation of single-pole switches to the neutral conductor is prohibited by the standards, voltage polarity must be tested in order to assure that all existing single-pole switches are installed to the phase conductors. Pulsating direct current Suddenly occurring Slowly rising 4 4 Direct current 4 14 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

15 Test Standard The following must be substantiated per DIN VDE 0100, part 600: 2008: Contact voltage occurring at nominal residual current may not exceed the maximum allowable value for the system. Tripping of the RCCB must occur within 400 ms (1000 ms for selective RCDs) at nominal residual current. Important s The PROFITEST MASTER allows for simple measurements at all types of RCDs. Select RCD, SRCD, PRCD etc. Measurement must be executed at one point only per RCD (RCCB) within the connected electrical circuits. Low-resistance continuity must be substantiated for the protective conductor at all other connections within the electrical circuit (R LO or U B ). The measuring instruments often display 0,1 V contact voltage in TN systems due to low protective conductor resistance. Be aware of any biasing currents within the system. These may cause tripping of RCDs during measurement of contact voltage U B, or may result in erroneous displays for measurements with rising current: Display = I F - I biasing Selective RCDs (RCD S) identified with an S can be used as the sole means of protection for automatic shutdown if they adhere to the same shutdown conditions as non-selective RCDs (i.e. t a < 400 ms). This can be substantiated by measuring shutdown time. Type B RCDs may not be connected in series with type A RCDs. 7.1 Measuring Contact Voltage (with reference to nominal residual current) with 1 / 3 Nominal Residual Current and Tripping Test with Nominal Residual Current Select the Measuring Function Connection I N Set parameters for I N Premagnetization The 2-pole adapter is only provided for AC measurements. Suppression of RCD tripping by means of premagnetization with DC current is only possible via a country-specific plug insert, e.g. SCHUKO, or a 3-pole adapter. Measurement With or Without Probe Measurements can be performed with or without a probe. Measurements with probe require that both probe and reference earth are of like potential. This means that the probe must be positioned outside of the resistance area of the earth electrode (R E ) at the RCD. The distance between the earth electrode and the probe should be at least 20 meters. The probe is connected with a 4 mm contact protected plug. In most cases this measurement is performed without probe.! Attention! The probe is part of the measuring circuit and may carry a current of up to 3.5 ma in accordance with VDE Testing for the absence of voltage at the probe can be performed with the U PROBE function (see also section 6.1 on page 13). Nom. residual current: ma Type 1: RCD, SRCD, PRCD... Type 2: AC, A, B * Nominal current: A * Type B = AC/DC sensitive Waveform: Phase displacement: 0 /180 Negative/positive half-wave Negative/positive direct current X times tripping current: 1, 2, 5 Connection: Without/with probe Type of system: TN/TT, IT Contact voltage: < 25 V, < 50 V, < 65 V time to trip: GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 15

16 1) Measuring Contact Current Without Tripping the RCD Measuring Method The instrument uses a measuring current of only 1/3 nominal residual current for the determination of contact voltage U I N which occurs at nominal residual current. This prevents tripping of the RCCB. This measuring method is especially advantageous, because contact voltage can be measured quickly and easily at any electrical outlet without tripping the RCCB. The usual, complex measuring method involving testing for the proper functioning of the RCD at a given point, and subsequent substantiation that all other systems components requiring protection are reliably connected at low resistance values to the selected measuring point via the PE conductor, is rendered unnecessary. N-PE Reversal Test An additional test is executed which determines whether or not N and PE have been reversed. If reversal is detected, the popup window shown at the right appears.! Attention! In order to prevent the loss of data in data processing systems, perform a data backup before starting the measurement, and switch off all power consumers. Start Measurement 2) Tripping Test after the Measurement of Contact Voltage Ð Press the I N key before on-time has expired (30 seconds). The tripping test need only be performed at one measuring point for each RCCB. If the RCCB is tripped at nominal residual current, the MAINS/NETZ LED blinks red (line voltage disconnected) and time to trip t a and earthing resistance R E, as well as other values, appear at the display panel. If the RCCB is not tripped at nominal residual current, the RCD/FI LED lights up red. Contact Voltage Too High If contact voltage U I N, which has been measured with 1/3 nominal residual current I N and extrapolated to I N, is > 50 V (> 25 V), the U L /R L LED lights up red. If contact voltage U I N exceeds 50 V (25 V) during the measuring sequence, safety shut-down occurs. Safety Shut-down: At up to 70 V, a safety shut-down is tripped within 3 seconds in accordance with IEC Contact voltages of up to 70 V are displayed. If contact voltage is greater than 70 V, U I N > 70 V is displayed. Amongst other values, contact voltage U I N and calculated earthing resistance R E appear at the display panel. The measured earthing resistance value R E is acquired with very little current. More accurate results can be obtained with the selector switch in the R E position. In the case of systems with RCCBs, the DC + function can be selected. Unintentional Tripping of the RCD due to Biasing Current within the System These can be measured by executing a voltage measurement with the measuring adapter (2-pole). If bias currents should occur, they can be measured with the help of a current transformer clamp as described in section 16.1 on page 42. The RCCB may be tripped during testing of contact voltage if extremely large biasing currents are present within the system, or if a test current was selected which is too great for the RCCB. After contact voltage has been measured, testing can be performed to determine whether or not the RCCB is tripped within 400 ms, or 1000 ms, at nominal residual current. Unintentional Tripping of the RCD due to Leakage Current in the Measuring Circuit Measurement of contact voltage with 30% nominal residual current does not normally trip an RCCB. However, the trip limit may be exceeded as a result of leakage current in the measuring circuit, for example due to interconnected power consumers with EMC circuits such as frequency converters and PCs. Limit Values for Allowable, Continuous Contact Voltage The limit for allowable, continuous contact voltage is equal to U L = 50 V for alternating voltages (international agreement). Lower values have been established for special applications (e.g. medical applications U L =25V).! Attention! If contact voltage is too high, or if the RCCB is not tripped, the system must be repaired (e.g. earthing resistance is too high, defective RCCB etc.)! 3-Phase Current Connections For proper RCD testing at three-phase current connections, the tripping test must be conducted for each of the three phase conductors (L1, L2 and L3). Inductive Power Consumers Voltage peaks may occur within the measuring circuit if inductive consumers are shut down during an RCCB trip test. If this is the case, the test instrument may display the following message: Check test setup. If this message appears, switch all power consumers off before performing the trip test. In extreme cases, one of the fuses in the test instrument may blow, and/or the test instrument may be damaged. 16 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

17 7.2 Special Testing for Systems and RCCBs Testing Systems and RCCBs with Rising Residual Current (alternating current) for RCDs type A, AC and B Measuring Method The instrument generates a continuously rising residual current of ( ) I N within the system for the testing of RCDs. The instrument stores the contact voltage and tripping current values which were measured at the moment tripping of the RCCB occurred, and displays them. One of two contact voltage limit values, U L =25V or U L = 50 V/65 V, can be selected for measurement with rising residual current. Select the Measuring Function Start Measurement Contact voltage: Trip limits: I F Connection Set parameters for I F Nom. residual current: ma Type 1: RCD, SRCD, PRCD... Type 2: AC, A, B * Nominal current: A * Type B = AC/DC sensitive Waveform: Sine Negative/positive direct current Connection: Without/with probe Type of system: TN/TT, IT Measuring Sequence After the measuring sequence has been started, the test current generated by the instrument is continuously increased starting at 0.3 times nominal residual current, until the RCCB is tripped. This can be observed by viewing gradual filling of the triangle at I. If contact voltage reaches the selected limit value (U L =65V, 50V or 25 V) before the RCCB is tripped, safety shut-down occurs. The U L /R L LED lights up red. Safety shut-down: At up to 70 V, a safety shut-down is tripped within 3 seconds in accordance with IEC If the RCCB is not tripped before the rising current reaches nominal residual current I N, the RCD/FI LED lights up red.! Attention! If biasing current is present within the system during measurement, it is superimposed onto the residual current which is generated by the instrument and influences measured values for contact voltage and tripping current. See also section 7.1. Evaluation According to DIN VDE 0100, part 600, rising residual current must, however, be used for measurements in the evaluation of RCDs, and contact voltage at nominal residual current I N must be calculated from the measured values. The faster, simpler measuring method should thus be taken advantage of (see section 7.1) Testing Systems and RCCBs with Rising Residual Current (direct current) for RCDs type B In accordance with VDE 0413, part 6, it must be substantiated that, with smooth direct current, residual operating current is no more than twice the value of rated residual current I N. A continuously rising direct current, beginning with 0.2 times rated residual current I N, must be applied to this end. If current rise is linear, rising current may not exceed twice the value of I N within a period of 5 seconds. Testing with smoothed direct current must be possible in both test current directions. GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 17

18 7.2.3 Testing RCCBS with 5 I N The measurement of time to trip is performed here with 5 times nominal residual current. Measurement performed with 5 times nominal residual current is required for testing RCCBs S and G in the manufacturing process. They are used for personal safety as well. Measurement can be started with the positive half-wave at 0, or with the negative half-wave at 180. Both measurements must nevertheless be performed. The longer of the two tripping times is decisive regarding the condition of the tested RCCB. Both values must be less than 40 ms. Select the Measuring Function I N Set Parameters Positive or Negative Half-Wave Testing RCCBs which are Suited for Pulsating DC Residual Current In this case, RCCBs can be tested with either positive or negative half-waves. The standard calls for tripping at 1.4 times nominal current. Select the Measuring Function I N Set Parameters Positive or Negative Half-Wave Waveform: Negative half-wave Positive half-wave Negative direct current Positive direct current Waveform: Negative half-wave Positive half-wave Negative direct current Positive direct current Set Parameters Testing with and without Biasing Current Biasing current 50% I N X times tripping current: Set Parameters 5 Times Nominal Current X times tripping current: 5 times tripping current Non-Trip Test (Testing with Biasing Current): If RCD is tripped to early during the non-trip test with 50 % I N for 2 seconds, i. e. prior to actual tripping, the popup window shown at the right appears. The following limitations apply when selecting X times tripping current relative to nominal current: 300 ma: 1 x I N, 2 x I N 500 ma: 1 x I N Start Measurement The following limitations apply when selecting X times tripping current relative to nominal current: 300 ma: 1 x I N, 2 x I N 500 ma: 1 x I N According to DIN EN (VDE 160), only type B RCCBs (AC-DC sensitive) can be used for equipment with greater than 4 kva which is capable of generating smooth DC residual current (e.g. frequency converters). Tests with pulsating DC residual current are not suitable for these RCCBs. Measurement is performed with positive and negative half-waves when testing RCCBs during manufacturing. If a circuit is charged with pulsating direct current, the function of the RCCB can be executed with this test in order to assure that the RCCB is not saturated by the pulsating direct current such that it no longer trips. 18 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

19 7.3 Testing for Special RCDs Systems with Type RCD-S Selective RCDs Selective RCDs are used in systems which include two series connected RCCBs which are not tripped simultaneously in the event of a fault. These selective RCDs demonstrate delayed response characteristics and are identified with the symbol S. Measuring Method The same measuring method is used as for standard RCCBs (see sections 7.1 on page 15 and on page 17). If selective RCDs are used, earthing resistance may not exceed half of the value for standard RCCBs. For this reason, the instrument displays twice the measured value for contact voltage. Select the Measuring Function Tripping Test Ð Press the I N key. The RCCB is tripped. Blinking bars appear at the display panel, which is followed by the display of time to trip t A and earthing resistance R E. The tripping test need only be performed at one measuring point for each RCCB. I N or I F Set Parameters Selective Type 1: Selective RCDs demonstrate delayed response characteristics. Tripping performance is briefly influenced (up to 30 s) due to pre-loading during measurement of contact voltage. In order to eliminate pre-loading caused by the measurement of contact voltage, a waiting period must be observed prior to the tripping test. After the measuring sequence has been started (tripping test), blinking bars are displayed for approximately 30 seconds. Times of up to 1000 ms are allowable. The tripping test is performed immediately by pressing key I N. Start Measurement PRCDs with Non-Linear Type PRCD-K Elements The PRCD-K is a portable differential current system with electronic residual current evaluation which, being conceived as an intermediate cable device, switches at all poles (L/N/PE). The PRCD-K also includes undervoltage tripping and protective conductor monitoring. As the PRCD-K features undervoltage tripping, it must be operated at line voltage, and measurements may only be performed when it is activated (PRCD-K switches at all poles). Terminology (from DIN VDE 0661) Portable protective devices are circuit breakers which can be connected between power consuming devices and permanently installed electrical outlets by means of standardized plug-andsocket devices. A reusable, portable protective device is a protective device which is designed such that it can be connected to movable cables. Please be aware that a non-linear element is usually integrated into PRCDs, which leads to immediate exceeding of the greatest allowable contact voltage during U I measurements (U I greater than 50 V). PRCDs which do not include a non-linear element must be tested in accordance with section on page 20. Objective (from DIN VDE 0661) Portable residual current devices (PRCDs) serve to protect persons and property. They allow for the attainment of increased levels of protection as provided by protective measures utilized in electrical systems for the prevention of electrical shock as defined in DIN VDE 0100, part 410. They are to be designed such that they can be installed by means of a plug attached directly to the protective device, or by means of a plug with a short cable. GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 19

20 Measuring Method The following can be measured, depending upon the measuring method: Time to trip t A : tripping test with nominal residual current I N (the PRCD-K must trip at half the nominal current) Tripping current I : testing with rising residual current I F Select the Measuring Function Connection I N or I F SRCDs, PRCD-S (SCHUKOMAT, SIDOS or comparable) RCCBs from the SCHUKOMAT, SIDOS series, as well as others which are of identical electrical design, must be tested after selecting the corresponding parameter. Monitoring of the PE conductor is performed for RCDs of this type. The PE conductor is monitored by the summation current transformer. If residual current flows from L to PE, tripping current is cut in half, i.e. the RCCB must be tripped at 50% nominal residual current I N. Whether or not PRCDs and selective RCDs are of like design can be tested by measuring contact voltage U I N. If a contact voltage U I N of greater than 70 V is measured at the PRCD of an otherwise error-free system, the PRCD more than likely contains a non-linear element. PRCD-S PRCD-S (Portable Residual Current Device Safety) is a special portable protective system with protective conductor recognition and/or monitoring. The device serves to protect persons from electrical accidents in the low voltage range ( V). The PRCD-S must be suited for industrial applications and is installed like an extension cable between an electrical consumer usually an electric tool and a mains socket. Select the Measuring Function I N or I F Set Parameters PRCD with Non-Linear Elements Set Parameters SRCD / PRCD Type 1: Type 1: Start Measurement PRCD-K Start Measurement SRCD 20 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

21 7.3.4 Type G or R RCCBs In addition to standard RCCBs and selective RCDs, the special characteristics of the type G RCCB can also be tested with the instrument. The type G RCCB is an Austrian specialty and complies with the ÖVE/ÖNORM E 8601 device standard. Erroneous tripping is minimized thanks to its greater current carrying capacity and short-term delay. Set Parameters 5 Times Nominal Current X times tripping current: 5 times tripping current Select the Measuring Function I N Set Parameters Type G/R (VSK) Type 1: The following limitations apply when selecting X times tripping current relative to nominal current: 300 ma: 1 x I N, 2 x I N 500 ma: 1 x I N Start Measurement G / R Contact voltage and time to trip can be measured in the G/R-RCD selector switch position. It must be observed that time to trip for type G RCCBs may be as long as 1000 ms when measurement is made at nominal residual current. Set the corresponding limit value. Ð Then select 5 x I N in the menu and repeat the tripping test with the positive half-wave at 0 and the negative half-wave at 180. The longer of the two tripping times is decisive regarding the condition of the tested RCCB. In both cases, tripping time must be between 10 ms (minimum delay time for type G RCCBs!) and 40 ms. Type G RCCBs with other nominal residual current values must be tested with the corresponding parameter setting under menu item I N. In this case as well, the limit value must be appropriately adjusted. Set Parameters Positive or Negative Half-Wave Waveform: The parameter setting RCD S for selective RCCBs is not suitable for type G RCCBs. Negative half-wave Positive half-wave Negative direct current Positive direct current GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 21

22 7.4 Testing Residual Current Circuit Breakers in TN-S Systems Connection 7.5 Testing Residual Current Circuit Breakers (RCDs) in IT Systems with High Wiring Capacitance (e.g. in Norway) The system type (TN/TT or IT) can be adjusted for U I N (I N, t a ) RCD tests and for earth resistance measurements (R E ). For measurements in IT systems, a probe is indispensable as the resulting contact voltage U I N cannot be measured without a probe. If 2-pole has been adjusted for connection type instead of 2-pole with probe and if system type IT is then selected, the following error message pops up: Set Parameters Select System Type RCCBs can only be used in TN-S systems. An RCCB would not work in a TN-C system because PE is directly connected to the neutral conductor in the outlet (it does not bypass the RCCB). This means that residual current would be returned via the RCCB and would not generate any differential current, which is required in order to trip the RCCB. Netzform: As a rule, the display for contact voltage is also 0.0 V, because the nominal residual current of 30 ma together with minimal loop resistance result in a very small voltage value: UI N = R E I N = 1 30mA = 30mV = 0, 03V Start Measurement Measuring resolution is 0.1 V, and the display value is thus rounded down to 0.0 V. 22 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

23 8 Testing of Breaking Requirements Overcurrent Protective Devices, Measurement of Loop Impedance and Determination of Short-Circuit Current (functions Z L-PE and I K ) Testing of overcurrent protective devices includes visual inspection and measurement. The PROFITEST MASTER is used to to perform measurements. Measuring Method Loop impedance Z L-PE is measured and short-circuit current I K is ascertained in order to determine whether or not breaking requirements for protective devices have been fulfilled. Loop impedance is the resistance within the current loop (utility company plant phase conductor protective conductor) when a short-circuit to an exposed conductive part occurs (conductive connection between phase conductor and protective conductor). Short-circuit current magnitude is determined by the loop impedance value. Short-circuit current I K may not fall below a predetermined value set forth by DIN VDE 0100, so that reliable breaking of the protective device (fuse, automatic circuit breaker) is assured. Thus the measured loop impedance value must be less than the maximum allowable value. Tables containing allowable display values for loop impedance, as well as minimum short-circuit current display values for ampere ratings for various fuses and circuit breakers can be found in the help texts, as well as in section 21 beginning on page 60. Maximum device error in accordance with VDE 0413 has been taken into consideration in these tables (see also section 8.2). In order to measure loop impedance Z L-PE, the instrument uses a test current of 0.65 A to 4 A ( V) dependent upon line voltage and line frequency. The test has a duration of max ms at 16 Hz. If dangerous contact voltage occurs during measurement (> 50 V), safety shutdown occurs. The test instrument calculates short-circuit current I K based on measured loop impedance Z L-PE and line voltage. Short-circuit current calculation is made with reference to nominal line voltage for line voltages which lie within the nominal ranges for 120 V, 230 V and 400 V systems. If line voltage does not lie within these nominal ranges, the instrument calculates short-circuit current I K based upon prevailing line voltage and measured loop resistance Z L-PE. Measuring Method with Suppression of RCD Tripping PROFITEST MTECH tester provides the opportunity of measuring loop impedance within systems which are equipped with RCCBs. The test instrument generates a F /ma I DC current to this end, which saturates the RCCB s magnetic circuit. The test instrument then super- T t1 t2 t3 imposes a measuring current which Operation Measure only demonstrates half-waves of like RCD disabled! Start polarity. The RCCB is no longer capable of detecting this sensitive to pulsating current Suppression of RCD tripping for RCCBs which are measuring current, and is consequently not tripped during measurement. Select the Measuring Function Connection Z L-PE Loop impedance should be measured for each electrical circuit at the farthest point, in order to ascertain maximum loop impedance for the system. Premagnetization The 2-pole adapter is only provided for AC measurements. Suppression of RCD tripping by means of premagnetization with DC current is only possible via a country-specific plug insert, e.g. SCHUKO, or a 3-pole adapter. Observe national regulations, for example the necessity of conducting measurements without regard for RCCBs in Austria. 3-Phase Current Connections Measurement of loop impedance to earth must be performed at all three phase conductors (L1, L2, and L3) for the testing of overcurrent protective devices at three phase outlets. A four conductor measuring cable is used between the instrument and the test plug. Cable and measuring adapter resistance is automatically compensated for during measurement and does not effect measurement results. GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 23

24 8.1 Measurements with Suppression of RCD Tripping Measurement with Positive Half-Waves (only PROFITEST MTECH) Measurement by means of half-waves plus DC makes it possible to measure loop impedance in systems which are equipped with RCCBs. Select the Measuring Function Semiautomatic Measurement in Multi-Pole Systems 2-pole measurement (selection only relevant for report generation): Measurements between Lx-PE / N-PE / Lx-N / Lx-Ly / AUTO* where x, y = 1, 2, 3 * See section 5.8 regarding AUTO parameter. Start Measurement Z L-PE Set Parameters Nominal current: A Tripping characteristics: B/E,C,D,K Cross-section*: sq. mm Cable types*: NY..., H H07... Number of wires*: strand * Parameters which are only used for report generation and do not influence the measurement Waveform: Sine 15 ma sinusoidal Positive half-waves for 5 RCD nominal currents Settings, I K Calculation I K < Limit Value Limit Value: U L R L Short-circuit current I K is used to test shutdown by means of an overcurrent protective device. In order for an overcurrent protective device to be tripped on time, short-circuit current I K must be greater than tripping current Ia (see table in section ). The variants which can be selected with the Limits key have the following meanings: I K : Ia The measured value displayed for Z L-PE is used without any correction to calculate I K. I K : Ia+ % The measured value displayed for Z L-PE is corrected by an amount equal to the test instrument s measuring uncertainty in order to calculate I K. I K : 2/3 Z In order to calculate I K, the measured value displayed for Z L-PE is corrected by an amount corresponding to all possible deviations (these are defined in detail by VDE 0100, part 600, as Z s(m) 2/3 x U 0 /Ia). 24 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

25 8.2 Evaluation of Measured Values The maximum allowable loop impedance Z L-PE which may be displayed after allowance has been made for maximum operating measurement error (under normal measuring conditions) can be determined with the help of Table 1 on page 60. Intermediate values can be interpolated. The maximum allowable nominal current for the protective device (fuse or circuit breaker) for a nominal line voltage of 230 V, after allowance has been made for the maximum measuring error of the device, can be determined with the help of Table 6 on page 61 based upon measured short-circuit current (corresponds to DIN VDE 0100, part 600). Special Case Suppression of Limit Value The limit value cannot be determined. The test person is requested to evaluate the measured values himself and to acknowledge or reject them via softkeys. Measurement passed: Key 4 Measurement failed: Key X 9 Measuring Line Impedance (Z L-N function) Measuring Method (internal line resistance measurement) Supply impedance Z L-N is measured by means of the same method used for loop impedance Z L-PE (see section 8 on page 23). However, the current loop is completed via neutral conductor N rather than protective conductor PE, as is the case with loop impedance measurement. Select the Measuring Function Z L-N Connection, TT System Connection, TN-S System The measured value cannot be stored until it has been evaluated by the test person. Set Parameters Nominal current: A Tripping characteristics: B/E,C,D,K Cross-section*: sq. mm Cable types*: NY..., H H07... Number of wires*: strand Country-specific Plug Insert, e.g. SCHUKO 2-Pole Adapter GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 25

26 I K < limit value U L R L I K Limit value: I K Short-circuit current calculated by the instrument (at nominal voltage) Z Earth-fault loop impedance Ia Tripping current (see data sheets regarding circuit breakers / fuses) % Test instrument intrinsic error Limit value: U % > Limit / Grenzwert U L R L U Significance and Display of U (per DIN VDE 100, part 600) Voltage drop from the intersection of the distribution network and the consumer system to the point of connection of an electrical power consumer (electrical outlet or device connector terminals) should not exceed 4% of nominal line voltage. Voltage drop calculation: U = Z L-N nominal current of the fuse U as % = U / U L-N Display of U L-N (U N / f N ) If the measured voltage value lies within a range of 10% of the respective nominal line voltage of 120 V, 230 V or 400 V, the respectively corresponding nominal line voltage is displayed. In the case of measured values outside of the 10% tolerance, the actual measured value is displayed. q ZOFFSET ON/OFF Voltage Drop up to the Transfer Point or the Measuring Device Proceed as follows: Ð Set ZOFFSET from OFF to ON. ZOFFSET = 0.00 appears in the footer. Ð Connect the 2-pole adapter to the transfer point (measuring device / meter). Ð Start offset measurement with I N. Measuring ZOFFSET TAB DIN VDE Limit values in accordance with technical connection conditions for connection to the low-voltage mains between the distribution network and the measuring device Limit value per DIN : U < 3% between measuring device and consumer Limit value per DIN VDE : U < 4% between distribution network and consumer (adjustable up to 10% in this case) Start Measurement ZOFFSET x.xx appears in the footer at the display, where x.xx is a value within a range of 0.00 to This value is now subtracted for the calculation of U for all subsequent Z LN measurements, insofar as the ZOFFSET ON/OFF softkey has been set to ON. ZOFFSET must be recalculated in the following cases: After switching from ON to OFF and back again. Error messages appear in a popup window in the following cases: Z OFFSET > 10 Z OFFSET > Z x (offset value greater than the measured value at the power consuming system) 26 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

27 10 Earthing Resistance Measurement (function R E ) Earthing resistance R E is important for automatic shutdown in system sections. It must have a low value in order to assure that high short-circuit current flows, and that the system is shut down reliably by the RCCB in the event of a fault. Test Setup Earthing resistance (R E ) is the sum of earth electrode resistance and earth conductor resistance. Earthing resistance is measured by applying an alternating current via the earth conductor, the earth electrode and earth electrode resistance. This current, as well as voltage between the earth electrode and a probe, are measured. The probe is connected to the probe connector socket (17) with a 4 mm contact protected plug. Direct Measurement with Probe Direct measurement of earthing resistance R E is only possible within a measuring circuit which includes a probe. However, this means that the probe and reference earth must be of like potential, i.e. that they are positioned outside of the earth electrode resistance area. The distance between the earth electrode and the probe should be at least 20 m. Measurement Without Probe In many cases, especially in extremely built-up areas, it is difficult, or even impossible, to set a measuring probe. In such cases, earthing resistance can be measured without a probe. In this case, however, the resistance values for the operational earth electrode R B and phase conductor L are also included in the measurement results. Measuring Method (with probe) The instrument measures earthing resistance R E by means of the ammeter-voltmeter test (earth electrode loop resistance). Resistance R E is calculated from the quotient of voltage U E and current I E, where U E is between earth electrode and the probe. The test current which is applied to earthing resistance is controlled by the instrument and demonstrates the following values in the various measuring ranges: 1 to 10 k : 4 ma; 0 to 1k : 40 ma; 0 to 100 : 0.4 A and 0 to 10 : > 0.65 A to approx. 3.4 A (voltage-dependent). A voltage drop is generated which is proportional to earthing resistance.! Measurement cable and measuring adapter resistance are compensated for automatically during measurement and have no effect on measurement results. If dangerous contact voltages occur during measurement (> 50 V), the measurement is interrupted and safety shut-down occurs. Probe resistance does not effect measurement results and may be as high as 50 k. Attention! The probe is part of the measuring circuit and may carry a current of up to 3.5 ma in accordance with VDE Characteristic Values of Earth Resistance Measurement (Mains Powered) Measuring range k Measurement with or without earth electrode voltage depending upon entered parameters and the selected type of connection: Range Connection Measuring Functions xx / xx k 10 / U E * xx / xx k No probe measurement No U E measurement Probe measurement activated U E is measured Probe measurement activated No U E measurement Clamp measurement activated No U E measurement * This parameter results in automatic setting to probe connection. Measuring Method with Suppression of RCD Tripping PROFITEST MTECH tester provides the opportunity of measuring loop impedance with positive half-waves. With this method, you ll be able to measure loop impedances within systems which are equipped with RCCBs. The test instrument generates a DC current to this end, which saturates the RCCB s magnetic circuit. I F /ma The test instrument then super- T t1 t2 t3 imposes a measuring current which only demonstrates half-waves of like Measure Operation RCD disabled! polarity. The RCCB is no longer capable of detecting this Start Suppression of RCD tripping for RCCBs which are sensitive to pulsating current measuring current, and is consequently not tripped during measurement. A four conductor measuring cable is used between the instrument and the test plug. Cable and measuring adapter resistance is automatically compensated for during measurement and does not effect measurement results. Special Case: Manual Measuring Range Selection (test current selection) (R AUTO, R = 10 k (4 ma), 1 k (40 ma), 100 (0.4 A), 10 (> 0.65 A), 10 /U E ) When the measuring range is selected manually, accuracy values are only valid as of 5% of the upper range limit (except for the 10 range; separate display for small values). Evaluation of Measurement Values The maximum allowable displayed resistance values which assure that the required earthing resistance is not exceeded, and for which maximum device operating error has already been taken into consideration (at nominal conditions of use), can be determined with the help of Table 2 on page 60. Intermediate values can be interpolated. GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 27

28 10.1 Measuring with Probe Earth Resistance Measurement with Probe (Mains Powered) Connection Circuit Diagram PROFITEST water pipe B E 1 E 2 S Key R B R E R X R S PAS RE Operational earth Earth resistance Earth resistance via equipotential bonding systems Probe resistance Equipotential bonding strip Overall earth resistance (R E1 //R E2 //water pipe) Set parameters q Measuring range: AUTO, 10 k (4 ma), 1 k (40 ma), 100 (0,4 A), 10 (> 0.65 A) In systems with RCCBs, resistance and/or test current must be chosen such that they are below the tripping current (½ I N ). q Connection type: 2 pole adapter + probe q Contact voltage: UL < 25 V, < 50 V, < 65 V, freely adjustable voltage, see section 5.7 q Transformer ratio: without significance in this case Measurement R E R E1 U Probe = I Select the Measuring Function R E R E < limit value U L R L Limit value: Connection Start Measurement Connected components: 2-pole adapter and probe The following diagram appears if the 2-pole adapter is connected incorrectly. 28 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

29 10.2 Measuring Without Probe Earth Resistance Measurement without Probe (Mains Powered) Connection Circuit Diagram PROFITEST Ri water pipe B E 1 E 2 Key R B R E R i R X R S PAS RE Operational earth Earth resistance Internal resistance Earth resistance via equipotential bonding systems Probe resistance Equipotential bonding strip Overall earth resistance (R E1 //R E2 //water pipe) In the event that it is impossible to set a probe, earthing resistance can be estimated by means of an earth loop resistance measurement without probe. The measurement is performed exactly as described in section 10.1, Measuring with Probe, beginning on page 28. However, no probe is connected to the probe connector socket (17). The resistance value R ELoop obtained with this measuring method also includes operational earth electrode resistance R B and resistance at phase conductor L. These values must be deducted from the measured value in order to determine earthing resistance. If conductors of equal cross section are assumed (phase conductor L and neutral conductor N), phase conductor resistance is half as great as supply impedance Z L-N (phase conductor + neutral conductor). Supply impedance can be measured as described in section 9 beginning on page 25. In accordance with DIN VDE 0100, the operational earth electrode R B must lie within a range of 0 to 2. Select the Measuring Function R E Set parameters q Measuring range: AUTO, 10 k (4 ma), 1 k (40 ma), 100 (0,4 A), 10 (> 0.65 A) In systems with RCCBs, resistance and/or test current must be chosen such that they are below the tripping current ( ½ I N ). q Connection type: 2-pole adapter q Transformer ratio: without significance in this case q Contact voltage: UL < 25 V, < 50 V, < 65 V R E < Limit value U L R L Start Measurement Limit value: 1) Measurement: Z LN corresponds to R i = 2 R L 2) Measurement: Z L-PE corresponds to R Loop 3) Calculation: R E1 corresponds to Z L-PE 1/2 Z L-N ; for R B = 0 The value for operational earth conductor resistance R B should be ignored in the calculation of earthing resistance, because it is generally unknown. The calculated earthing resistance thus includes operational earth conductor resistance as a safety factor. The following diagram appears if the 2-pole adapter is connected incorrectly. GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 29

30 10.3 Measuring Earth Electrode Potential (function U E ) Earth Resistance Measurement with Probe (Mains Powered) Connection Circuit Diagram PROFITEST Ri water pipe B E 1 E 2 S This measurement is only possible with a probe, see section Earth electrode potential U E is the voltage which occurs at the earth electrode between the earth electrode terminal and reference earth if a short-circuit occurs between the phase conductor and the earth electrode. The measurement of earth electrode potential is required by Swiss standard SEV Measuring Method In order to determine earth electrode potential the instrument first measures earth electrode loop resistance R ELoop, and immediately thereafter earthing resistance R E. -The instrument stores both values and then calculates earth electrode potential with the following equation: Set parameters q Measuring range: 10 / U E q Connection type: 2-pole adapter + probe q Contact voltage: UL < 25 V, < 50 V, < 65 V, freely adjustable voltage, see section 5.7 q Transformer ratio: without significance in this case R E < limit value Limit value: U R N E U = E R ELoop U L R L The calculated value is displayed at the display panel. Start Measurement Select the Measuring Function R E Connection The following diagram appears if the 2-pole adapter is connected incorrectly. Connected components: 2-pole adapter and probe 30 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

31 10.4 Selective Earth Resistance Measurement with Accessory Current Clamp Sensor As an alternative to the classical measuring method, it is possible to perform measurements with a current clamp sensor. Selective Earth Resistance Measurement (Mains Powered) Connection Circuit Diagram PROFITEST water pipe B E 1 E 2 S Key figure below R B Operational earth R E Earth resistance R L Conductor resistance R X Earth resistance via equipotential bonding systems R S Probe resistance PAS Equipotential bonding strip RE Overall earth resistance (R E1 // R E2 // water pipe) Measurement without clamp: R E = R E1 // R E2 Measurement with clamp: R E = R E2 = Select the Measuring Function R E U Sonde I Zange Set parameters at the test instrument q Connection type: 2-pole adapter + clamp sensor After parameter selection: automatic setting to 10 measuring range and transformer ratio of 100 mv/a q Transformer ratio of current clamp sensor: see table below q Measuring range (test current selection): 10 k (4 ma), 1 k (40 ma), 100 (0.4 A), 10 (> 0.65 A) The DC + function can be selected for systems with RCCB. q Contact voltage: UL < 25 V, < 50 V, < 65 V, freely selectable voltage, see section 5.7 Setting Parameters at the Current Clamp Sensor q Measuring range of current clamp sensor: see table below Select the Measuring Range at the Current Clamp Sensor Tester METRAFLEX P300 clamp Tester Transformation Switch Measuring Measuring Ratio Range Range Parameter 1: A (1 V/A) 3 A 1 V / A ma 1: mv / A 30 A (100 mv/a) 30 A ma 1: mv / A 300 A (10 mv/a) 300 A A Connection Connected components: 2-pole adapter, clamp sensor and probe Important Instructions Regarding the Use of the Current Clamp Sensor Use only the METRAFLEX P300 or Z312A current clamp sensor for this measurement. Read and adhere strictly to the operating instructions for the METRAFLEX P300 current clamp sensor, as well as the safety precautions contained therein. Be sure to observe the direction of current flow (see arrow on the current clamp sensor). The clamp must be securely attached for use. The sensor must not be permitted to move during measurement. The current clamp sensor may only be used at an adequate distance from strong, extraneous fields. Before use, always inspect the electronics housing, the connector cable and the flexible current sensor for damage. In order to prevent electrical shock, keep the surface of the METRAFLEX clean and free of contamination. Before use, make sure that the flexible current sensor, the connector cable and the electronics housing are dry. GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 31

32 Start Measurement If you have changed the transformer ratio at the test instrument, a popup window appears prompting you to enter this new setting to the connected current clamp sensor as well. i: Prompt regarding currently selected transformer ratio at the tester RE Clamp : Selective earth resistance measured with clamp RE Probe : Earth resistance measured with probe, comparative value The following diagram appears if the 2-pole adapter is connected incorrectly. 32 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

33 11 Measuring the Impedance of Insulating Floors and Walls (standing surface insulation impedance Z ST ) Measuring Method The instrument measures the impedance between a weighted metal plate and earth. Line voltage available at the measuring location is used as a source of alternating voltage. The equivalent circuit of Z ST is regarded as a shunt connection. Select the Measuring Function EXTRA Switching Back and Forth Between Standing Surface Insulation Impedance and Meter Start-Up The submenu for switching back and forth between standing surface insulation impedance and meter start-up testing can be accessed by pressing the softkeys shown at the left. Connection and Test Set- Up Resistance values must be measured at several points in order to provide for adequate evaluation. Measured resistance may not be less than 50 k at any given point. If the measured value is greater than 30 M, Z ST > 30.0M always appears at the display panel. Evaluation of Measured Values See Table 5 on page 61. : Use the measuring set-up described in section 12.2 (triangular probe) or the one outlined below: Ð Cover the floor or the wall at unfavorable locations, e.g. at joints or abutments, with a damp cloth measuring approximately 270 x 270 mm. Ð Place the 1081 Probe on top of the damp cloth and load the probe with a weight of 750 N (75 kg, i.e. one person) for floors, or 250 N (25 kg) for walls, e.g. press against the wall with a hand isolated by a glove). Ð Establish a conductive connection to the 1081 Probe, and connect it to the probe connector socket at the instrument. Ð Connect the instrument to a mains outlet with the test plug.! Attention! Do not touch the metal plate or the damp cloth with bare hands. No more then 50% line voltage may be applied to these parts! Current with a value of up to 3.5 ma may flow! Apart from this, the measured value would be distorted. GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 33

34 12 Measuring Insulation Resistance 12.1 General Select the Measuring Function R ISO Limit Values for Constant Test Voltage U ISO (U INS ) Limit value: R INS < Limit value U L R L Connection Via 2-pole adapter or test plug! Limit Currents for Ramp Function U ISO (U INS ) Limit value: I > I Limit STOP Set Parameters If you use the test plug together with a plug insert, insulation resistance is only measured between the phase conductor terminal designated L and the protective conductor terminal PE! Checking the Measurement Cables prior to a series of measurements Before performing insulation measurement, the test probes on the measurement cables should be shortcircuited in order to assure that the instrument displays a value of less than 1 k. In this way, incorrect connection can be avoided and broken measurement cables can be detected. q Test Voltage A test voltage which deviates from nominal voltage, and is usually lower, can be selected for measurements at sensitive components, as well as systems with voltage limiting devices. q Voltage Type The U INS rising test voltage function (ramp function) is used to detect weak points in the insulation, as well as to determine response voltage for voltage limiting components. After briefly pressing the ON/START key, test voltage is continuously increased until specified nominal voltage U N is reached. U is the voltage which is measured at the test probes during and after testing. This voltage drops to a value of less than 10 V after measurement (see section entitled Discharging the Device Under Test ). Insulation measurement with rising test voltage is ended: As soon as the specified maximum test voltage U N is reached and the measured value is stable or As soon as the specified test current is reached (e.g. after spark-over occurs at breakdown voltage) Selected maximum test voltage U N, or any available trigger or breakdown voltage, is displayed for U ISO. Test voltage: 50 V / 100 V / 250 V / 500 V / 1000 V / xxx V* Voltage type: constant Voltage type: rising/ramp Earth Leakage Resistance * Freely adjustable voltage, see section 5.7 Semiautomatic Measurement in Multi-Pole Systems 2-pole measurement (selection only relevant for report generation): Measurements between Lx-PE / N-PE / Lx-N / Lx-Ly / AUTO* where x, y = 1, 2, 3 * Refer to section 5.8 regarding AUTO parameter. The constant test voltage function, or constant test voltage, offers two options: As long as you press and hold the ON/START key, test voltage U N is applied and insulation resistance R INS is measured. Do not release the key until the measured value has stabilized (in the case of high cable capacitance, it may take several seconds to settle in).voltage U, which is measured during testing, corresponds to voltage U INS. After releasing the ON/START key, measurement is ended and the last measured values for R INS and U INS are displayed. U drops to a value of less than 10 V after measurement (see section entitled Discharging the Device Under Test ). or After briefly pressing the ON/START key, specified test voltage U N is read out and insulation resistance R INS is measured. As soon as the measured value is stable (in the case of high cable capacitance, it may take several seconds to settle in), measurement is ended and the last measured values for R INS and U INS are displayed. U is the voltage which is measured at the test probes during and after testing. This voltage drops to a value of less than 10 V after measurement (see section entitled Discharging the Device Under Test ). 34 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

35 q Pole Selection Report Entry The poles between which testing takes place can only be entered here for reporting purposes. The entry itself has no influence on the actual polarity of the test probes or the pole selection. q Limits Setting the Limit Value The limit value for insulation resistance can be set as desired. If measurement values occur which are below this limit value, the red U L /R L LED lights up. A selection of limit values ranging from 0.5 M to 10 M is available. The limit value is displayed above the measured value. Start Measurement Rising Test Voltage (Ramp Function) Special Condition for Insulation Resistance Measurement! Attention! Insulation resistance can only be measured at voltage-free objects. If measured insulation resistance is less than the selected limit value, the U L /R L LED lights up. If an interference voltage of 25 V is present within the system, insulation resistance is not measured. The MAINS/NETZ LED lights up and the message Interference voltage present pops up. All conductors (L1, L2, L3 and N) must be tested against PE!! Attention! Do not touch the instrument s terminal contacts during insulation resistance measurements! Press briefly If nothing has been connected to the terminal contacts, or if a resistive load component has been connected for measurement, your body would be exposed to a current of approx. 1 ma at a voltage of 1000 V. The resulting electrical shock is not life endangering. However, the noticeable shock may lead to injury (e.g. resulting from a startled reaction etc.). When selecting Semiautomatic polarity reversal (see section 5.8) the symbol for semiautomatic polarity reversal is shown instead of the ramp. Start Measurement Constant Test Voltage Discharging the Device Under Test! Attention! If measurement is performed at a capacitive object such as a long cable, it becomes charged with up to approximately 1000 V! Touching such objects is life endangering! When an insulation resistance measurement has been performed on a capacitive object, it is automatically discharged by the instrument after measurement has been completed. Therefore, contact between the object and the instrument may not be interrupted. The falling voltage value can be observed at the U display. Do not disconnect the DUT until less than 10 V is displayed for U! Press and hold for permanent measurement Evaluation of Measurement Values The instrument s measuring error must be taken into consideration in order to assure that the limit values set forth in DIN VDE regulations are not fallen short of. The required minimum display values for insulation resistance can be determined with the help of Table 3 on page 60. These values take maximum device error into consideration (under nominal conditions of use). Intermediate values can be interpolated. The instrument s rechargeable batteries are exposed to excessive stress during insulation resistance measurement. When using the constant test voltage function, only press and hold the Start t key until the display has become stable. GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 35

36 12.2 Special Case: Earth Leakage Resistance (R EINS ) This measurement is performed in order to determine electrostatic discharge capacity for floor coverings in accordance with EN Connection and set-up Select the Measuring Function R ISO Set Parameters Test voltage: 50 V / 100 V / 250 V / 325 V / 500 V / 1000 V* Voltage type: constant Ð Ð Ð Rub the floor covering at the point at which measurement is to be performed with a dry cloth. Place the floor probe 1081onto the point of measurement and load it with a minimum weight of 300 N (30 kg). Establish a conductive connection between the measuring electrode and the test probe and connect the measuring adapter (2-pole) to an earth contact, e.g. the earthing contact at a mains outlet or a central heating radiator; Prerequisite: safe earth connection. Voltage type: rising/ramp Start Measurement Earth leakage resistance: * Freely adjustable voltage, see section 5.7 R EINS Limit value: RE(ISO) > Limit value U L R L The limit value for earth leakage resistance from the relevant regulations applies. 36 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

37 13 Testing Meter Start-Up with Earthing Contact Adapter Start-up of energy consumption meters which are connected between L and N can be tested with this function. Select the Measuring Function EXTRA Special Case Start-up of energy consumption meters which are connected between L and L, or L and N, can be tested with this function. Connection L L 2-pole adapter Switching Back and forth Between Standing Surface Insulation Impedance and Meter Start-Up The submenu for switching back and forth between standing surface insulation impedance and meter start-up testing can be accessed by pressing the softkeys shown at the left. Connection L N Earthing contact plug If an earthing contact outlet is not available, you can use the 2-pole adapter. N must be contacted with the PE test probe (L2), and then measurement must be started. If PE is contacted with the PE test probe (L2) during the meter start-up test, approximately 250 ma flow through the protective conductor and an upstream RCD, if available, is tripped. Meters are tested with the help of an internal load resistor. After pressing the start key, the meter can be tested for proper start-up within a period of 5 seconds. All 3 phases (phase conductor) must be tested against N, one after the other. In system types without N, all 3 phases must be tested against each other. Momentary test power is displayed during and after testing. The instrument is now ready for further testing ( READY pictograph). Meters are tested with the help of an internal load resistor. After pressing the start key, the meter can be tested for proper start-up within a period of 5 seconds. The RUN pictograph is displayed. All 3 phases must be tested against N, one after the other. Momentary test power is displayed during and after testing. The instrument is now ready for further testing ( READY pictograph). If a minimum power is not reached, the test will not be started or will be aborted. GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 37

38 14 Measuring Low-Value Resistance of up to 100 Ohm (protective conductors and protective equipotential bonding conductors) According to the regulations, the measurement of low-value resistance at protective conductors, earth conductors or bonding conductors must be performed with (automatic) polarity reversal of the test voltage, or with current flow in one (+ pole to PE) and then the other direction ( pole an PE).! Attention! Low-value resistance can only be measured at voltagefree objects. Select the Measuring Function R LO q ROFFSET ON/OFF Compensation for Extension Cables with up to 10 If extension cables are used, their resistance can be deducted automatically from the measurement results. Proceed as follows: Ð Switch ROFFSET from OFF to ON. ROFFSET = 0.00 appears in the footer. Ð Select a polarity or automatic polarity reversal. Ð Short-circuit the end of the measurement extension cable with the second test probe at the instrument. Ð Start measurement of offset resistance with I N. If the difference between RLO+ and RLO is greater than 10% during automatic polarity reversal, no offset value is accepted. In all other cases, the lower value is saved as offset value. Maximum offset value is Offset may result in negative resistance values. Connection Via 2-pole adapter only! Measuring ROFFSET Set Parameters ROFFSET: ON OFF Polarity: +/- to PE The ROFFSET x.xx message now appears in the footer at the display, where x.xx is a value between 0.00 and This value is subtracted from the actual measuring results for all subsequent R LO measurements, if the ROFFSET ON/OFF key has been set to ON. ROFFSET must be newly ascertained in the following cases: during changeover between polarity types after switching from ON to OFF and back again. Only use this function when performing measurements with extension cables. When different extension cables are used, the above described procedure must always be repeated. q Type / Polarity The direction in which current flows can be selected here. R LO > Limit value U L R L Limit value: q Limits Setting the Limit Value The limit value for resistance can be set as desired. If measured values which exceed this limit occur, the red U L /R L LED lights up. Limit values can be selected within a range of 1.0 to 20. The limit value is displayed above the measured value. 38 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

39 Start Measurement Measuring Low-Value Resistance Measurement cable and 2-pole measuring adapter resistance is compensated for automatically thanks to the four conductor method and does not effect measurement results. However, if an extension cable is used its resistance must be measured and deducted from the measurement results. Press and hold for permanent measurement! Attention! The test probes should always be in contact with the DUT before the start key t is activated. If the DUT is charged with voltage, measurement is disabled if the test probes are first placed into contact with the DUT. If you press the Start t key first, and then make contact with the test probes, the external fuse is blown. Which of the two fuses has blown is indicated in the popup window with the error message. In the event of single-pole measurements, the result is included in the database as RLO. Polarity Selection Display Condition + pole against PE RLO+ none Pole against PE RLO none pole against PE RLO if RLO 10 % RLO+ RLO if RLO > 10 % Resistances which do not demonstrate a stable value until after a settling-in period should not be measured with automatic polarity reversal, but rather successively with positive and negative polarity. Examples of resistances whose values may change during measurement include: Incandescent lamp resistance, whose values change due to warming caused by test current Resistances with a great conductive component Contact resistance Evaluation of Measurement Values See Table 4 on page 60. Calculation of Cable Lengths for Common Copper Conductors If the HELP key is activated after performance of resistance measurement, the cable lengths corresponding to common conductor cross sections are displayed. Automatic Polarity Reversal After the measuring sequence has been started, the instrument performs measurement with automatic polarity reversal, first with current flow in one direction, and then in the other. In the event of permanent measurements (press and hold the START key) polarity is reversed every other second. If the difference between RLO+ and RLO is greater than 10% during automatic polarity reversal, the RLO+ and RLO values are shown instead of RLO. The higher value for RLO+ and RLO, respectively, is shown at the top and is included in the database as RLO value. Evaluating Measurement Results Differing results for measurements in both directions indicate voltage at the DUT (e.g. thermovoltages or unit voltages). Measurement results can be distorted by parallel connected impedances at load current circuits and by equalizing current, especially in systems which make use of overcurrent protection devices (previously neutralization) without an isolated protective conductor. Resistances which change during measurement (e.g. inductance), or a defective contact, can also cause distorted measurements (double display). In order to assure unambiguous measurement results, causes of error must be located and eliminated. In order to find the cause of the measuring error, measure resistance in both directions of current flow. If results vary for the two different current flow directions, cable length is not displayed. In this case, capacitive or inductive components are apparently present which would distort the calculation. This table only applies to cables made with commercially available copper conductors and cannot be used for other materials (e.g. aluminum)! The instrument s batteries are exposed to excessive stress during insulation resistance measurement. For measurement with current flow in one direction, only press and hold the START t key as long as necessary for the measurement. GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 39

40 15 New! Automatic Test Sequences AUTO Function If the same order of tests with subsequent report generation is to be performed repeatedly, as is, for example, specified by certain standards, we recommend using test sequences. In the PROFITEST MBASE test instrument a test sequence is hardcoded for this purpose: Measurements for type A RCDs. In the PROFITEST MTECH test instrument three test sequences are hardcoded: Measurements for type A and B RCDs as well as of loop resistances by means of DC offset and positive half wave. A test sequence is an automatic test procedure. It consists of several individual test steps which have to be processed one after the other. Basically, a distinction is made between three types of individual steps: (INFO/REPORT): the test procedure is interrupted by a popup note for the test engineer. It is not continued before the test engineer acknowledges the note or triggers the subsequent measurement with ON/START or I N. Example: prior to insulation resistance measurement: Touch finger contact when starting the measurement! Visual inspection, testing and report: the test procedure is interrupted by a pop-up window of a passed/failed evaluation, comments on and results of the evaluation are saved in the database. Measurement: Measurement like the individual measurements performed by the PROFITEST MBASE and PROFITEST MTECH test instruments with data storage and parameter configuration. The test sequences are hardcoded and cannot be deleted accidentally or by resetting to default values. The test sequences cannot be created at a PC by means of the ETC software and then transferred to the PROFITEST MBASE or PROFITEST MTECH test instruments, as is the case with PROFITEST MPRO or PROFITEST MTECH. the right column. The selected test sequence (here: type A RCD) is started with the ON/START key. Select and Start Test Step Measurement Apart from starting a complete test procedure, you can change to the list of test steps (right column) with the cursor right key and select any desired test step as starting point with the curser up/ down keys, see Figure 0.2. If possible, select the info field before the actual measurement as a starting point to make sure that you don t miss the important note regarding the measurement. Figure 0.2 Example PROFITEST MTECH List of Test Steps Test Step/Start Measurement When performing a test step of the measurement type, the same display structure is shown as is known from the individual measurements. Instead of the memory and battery symbol, the current number of the test step is displayed in in the header (here: step 12 of 18), see Figure 0.3. The result can be stored as usual after the measurement has been completed. After storing, the next test step is automatically shown. Figure 0.3 Measurement Menu Select Test Sequence Measuring Function Selector Switch Position AUTO at the Test Instrument AUTO In rotary switch position AUTO all test sequences available in the test instrument are displayed. Select and Start Test Sequence Figure 0.1 Example PROFITEST MTECH List of Test Sequences Start Test Sequence Change Parameters The parameter configuration of the measurements in the test procedure is performed automatically by accessing the electric circuit data stored in the database, see section If no parameters are stored in the database, the default values of the test procedure are used. However, the parameters can be changed in the measurement menu during the test procedure before the respective measurement is started. After repeatedly starting the test procedure or individual test steps, the circuit data of the database or the default values are reloaded and not the parameters which may have been changed before. Select the desired test sequence (test procedure) via the cursor up/down keys in the left column, see Figure 0.1. The associated test steps are displayed in 40 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

41 Change Limit Values Default limit values are loaded for the test procedure. They can be changed, however, before starting the measurement. After repeatedly starting the test procedure or individual test steps, the default values are reloaded and not the parameters which may have been changed before. Test Step Visual Inspection The visual inspection must be evaluated in the following case. A test which has been passed is acknowledged with the key, a test which has been failed with the key. In both cases, you are requested to save the results afterwards, as is the case with measurements. Figure 0.4 Visual inspection Figure 0.5 Figure 0.6 Example PROFITEST MTECH List of Test Steps Navigate within the Test Procedure Skip Test Steps: By pressing the cursor right key you are guided to the next test step. In this manner, you can skip individual test steps. Special cases: when a note fades in (REPORT, see Figure 0.5), which is displayed as INFO in the list of the test procedure, the following operations are possible: 1) Quick Start: Starting the measurement directly by pressing ON/ START or I N, depending on the request or type of measurement. The measuring menu is shown and measurement is started. Interrupt the Test Sequence An active sequence is interrupted by pressing ESC at any desired point in the test procedure and by subsequently acknowledging with the key. The start menu List of Test Sequences/Test Steps is shown again, see Figure 0.7. Figure 0.7 2) Start with Option to Change Parameters: Acknowledge the note (INFO/REPORT) by pressing. The measuring menu is shown. Parameters and limit values can be changed. The measurement must be started by pressing ON/START or I N, depending on the request or type of measurement. 3) Targeted Selection of Test Steps: If you wish to select any particular test steps within a test procedure, press the cursor left key first. An overview of the individual test steps is shown. The current position within the test procedure is highlighted in inverse characters, see Figure 0.6. Select the desired test step via the cursor up/ down keys and launch it by pressing ON/START. Example: You wish to test several socket outlets in succession: You start the test procedure at ZL-N and conduct the test up to I N. You interrupt the test and continue with ZL-N, etc. Finish Test Sequence When the last test step is completed, the message Sequence finished is shown. By acknowledging this message with the key, the start menu List of Test Sequences/Test Steps is shown again. The test sequences are an integral part as from firmware version (SW1) GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 41

42 16 Measurement with Accessory Sensors 16.1 Measuring Current with a Current Sensor Clamp Biasing, leakage and circulating current up to 1 A, as well as leakage current up to 1000 A can be measured with the help of special current sensor clamps, which are connected to sockets (15) and (16). Set Parameters The transformation ratio parameter must be correspondingly set at the test instrument depending upon the respectively selected measuring range at the current sensor clamp.! Attention! Danger: High-Voltage! Use only current sensor clamps which are specifically offered as accessories by GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH. Other current sensor clamps might not be terminated with an output load at the secondary side. Dangerously high voltage may endanger the user and the device in such cases. Clamp output range! Attention! Maximum input voltage at the test instrument! Do not measure any currents which are greater than specified for the measuring range of the respective clamp. Input voltage for clamp connector sockets (15) and (16) at the test instrument may not exceed 1 V! Connection! Attention! Read and adhere strictly to the operating instructions for the current clamp sensors, as well as the safety precautions contained therein, in particular with reference to the approved measuring category. Select the Measuring Function SENSOR Selecting a Measuring Range at the Current Sensor Clamp Tester Clamp Tester Transform. WZ12C Z3512A WZ12C Z3512A Measuring Ratio Parameter Switch Switch Measuring Range Measuring Range Range 1:1 x 1000 [mv/ 1 mv / ma 1 V / A A] 1 ma A A ma 1: mv / A x 100 [mv/a] A A 1: mv / A x 10 [mv/a] A A 1: mv / A 1 mv / A x 1 [mv/a] 1 A A A A/ 999 A Start Measurement I with METRAFLEX P300 Test Instrument Transformer Ratio Parameter 1:1 1 V / A 1: mv / A 1: mv / A Switch METRAFLEX P300 Clamp Sensor Measuring Range METRAFLEX P300 Test Instrument Measuring Range 3 A (1 V/A) 3 A ma 30 A (100 mv/a) 30 A A 300 A (10 mv/a) 300 A A 42 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

43 17 Database 17.1 Creating Distributor Structures, General A complete distributor structure with data for electrical circuits and RCDs can be created in the PROFITEST MASTER test instrument. This structure make it possible to assign measurements to the electrical circuits of various distributors, buildings and customers. There are two possible procedures: On location or at the construction site: Create the distributor structure in the test instrument. A distributor structure with up to structural elements can be created in the test instrument, which is saved to the instrument s flash memory Transferring Distributor Structures The following data transfer operations are possible: Transfer a distributor structure from the PC to the test instrument. Transfer a distributor structure including measured values from the test instrument to the PC. The test instrument and the PC must be connected with a USB cable in order to transfer distributor structures and data. The following image appears at the display during transfer of structures and data. or Create and save an image of an existing distributor structure at a PC with the help of ETC report generating software (Electric Testing Center) (see Help > Getting startet (F1)). The distributor structure is then transferred to the test instrument Creating a Distributor Structure in the Test Instrument Overview of the Meanings of Symbols used to Create Structures Symbol Meaning Main Level Sublevel Save Menu, Page 1 of 3 Cursor UP: scroll up Cursor DOWN: scroll down ENTER: acknowledge selection + Go to subordinate level (open directory) or + Go to superordinate level (close directory) Display structure designation or ID number regarding ETC report generating software The following steps must be completed before using the software: Install USB device drivers: (required for operation of PROFITEST MASTER with a PC) GMC-I Driver Control software can be downloaded from Gossen Metrawatt's website at: Products Software Software for Testers Utilities Driver Control Install ETC report generating software: You can download the current ETC version free of charge from our homepage under section mygmc after registration or login: Products Software Software for Testers Protocol Software without Database ETC mygmc zum Login EDIT Switch back and forth between structure designation and ID number Hide structure designation or ID number Change display to menu selection Save Menu, Page 2 of 3 Add a structural element Meaning of symbols from top to bottom: Customer, building, distributor, RCD, electrical circuit, operating equipment (displayed symbol depends on which structural element has been selected). Selection: UP/DOWN scroll keys and In order to add a designation to the selected structural element, refer to the edit menu in the next column. For additional symbols see edit menu below Delete the selected structural element Show measurement data, if a measurement has been performed for this structural element GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 43

44 Symbol Meaning Processing of selected structural element Save Menu, Page 3 of 3 Search for ID number > enter complete ID number Search for text > enter complete test (complete word) Search for ID number or text Continue search Symbols of a Distributor Structure / Topology A check mark measurement symbol next to a structural element means that all measurements within the respective hierarchy have been passed. Measurement symbol x: at least one measurement has not been passed. No measurement symbol: no measurement has been performed so far. Customer Building Distributor RCD Electrical circuit Equipment Equipment A a Edit Menu Cursor LEFT: Select an alphanumeric character Cursor RIGHT: Select an alphanumeric character ENTER: accept an individual character Acknowledge entry Cursor LEFT Cursor RIGHT Delete character Switching amongst different types of alphanumeric characters: Upper case letters Lower case letters Same type of element as in Windows Explorer: +: Sub-objects available, display by pressing : Sub-objects are displayed, hide by pressing Structure Creation (Example for Electrical Circuit) After selection with the MEM key, all setting options for the creation of a topology are made available on three menu pages (1/3, 2/3 und 3/3). The topology consists of structural elements, referred to below as objects. Select the position at which a new object will be added Scroll up Scroll down Acknowledge selection / change level Display object or ID number next page 0 Special characters Use the keys to select the requested structural elements. Switch to the sub-level with. Scroll to the next page with >>. Create a new object. Create object Edit designation V A: show measurement data Delete object Press key to create a new object. 44 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

45 Select a new object from a list Searching for Structural Elements Scroll up Scroll down Acknowledge selection. scroll up scroll down Acknowledge selection / Change level Display object number or ID number next page Select an object from the list with the cursor keys and acknowledge with the Enter ( ) key. Depending upon the profile selected in the test instrument s SETUP menu (see section 4.6), the number of object types may be limited, and the hierarchy may be laid out differently. Enter a designation. Select character Select character Accept character 3 Save object designation Delete character Mark the structural element from which search is to be launched. Those objects located beneath or next to this object are searched. Jump to page 3/3 in the database menu Search for ID number Search for text Search for ID number or text Enter a designation and acknowledge by entering 3. Acknowledge the standard or adjusted parameters shown below, because the created designation will otherwise not be accepted and saved. Setting Parameters for Electrical Circuit Character selection: A, a, After activation of text search Select character Select character Accept character 3 Save object designation Delete character Character selection: Select parameter Select parameter setting List of parameter settings Acknowledge parameter setting Acknowledge parameter selection and return to page 1/3 in the database menu Nominal current values, for example, must be entered here for the selected electrical circuit. Measuring parameters which have been accepted and saved in this way are subsequently accepted by the current measuring menu automatically when the display is switched from the structural view to measurement. Electrical circuit parameters changed during structure creation are also retained for individual measurements (measurement without saving data). If you change the electrical circuit parameters defined in the structure of the test instrument, a warning is issued upon saving, see error message on Page 57. and entry of the text you are looking for (only 100% match is found, no wild cards, case-sensitive) Search for ID number Search for text Search for ID number or text continue search the corresponding passage will be shown. Further passages are found by activating the icon at the right. GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 45

46 Search for ID number Search for text Search for ID number or text Complete search If no further entries are found, the above message appears. Retrieving Saved Measured Values Ð Switch to the distributor structure by pressing the MEM key and to the requested electrical circuit via the cursor keys. ÐSwitch to page 2 by pressing the key shown at the right: ÐDisplay the measurement data by pressing the key shown at the right: One measurement is displayed at each LCD screen along with date and time, as well as any comment you might have entered. Example: RCD measurement 17.4 Data Storage and Reporting Preparing and Performing Measurements Measurements can be performed and stored for each structural element. Please proceed as follows to this end: Ð Set the requested measurement at the rotary disc. Ð Start measurement with the ON/START key or with I N. Upon completion of measurement, the Floppy Disk softkey is displayed. Ð Briefly press the Save Value key. The display is switched to the save menu or the structural view. Ð Navigate to the desired memory location, i.e. to the desired structural element / object to which the measurement data will be saved. Ð If you want to enter a comment for the measurement, press the MW TX key and enter a designation via the EDIT menu as described in section Ð Complete data storage by pressing the STORE key. Ð Ð A check mark in the headline means that this measurement has been passed. A cross means that it has failed. Scrolling amongst measurements is possible with the keys shown at the right. You can delete the measurement with the key shown at the right. A window prompts you to acknowledge deletion once again. Alternative Save Procedure Ð If the Save Value key is pressed and held, the measured value is saved to the last selected location in the structural diagram, without switching the display to the save menu. With the key at the right (MV: measured value / PA: parameter) you can display the setting parameter for this measurement. If you change the parameters in the measuring view, the changes will not be accepted for the structural element. The measurement with the modified parameters can, however, be saved under the respective structural element while the modified parameters are documented for each measurement. Ð Scrolling amongst parameters is possible with the keys shown at the right. 46 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

47 Data Evaluation and Reporting with the ETC Software After all measurements have been completed, the structure is transferred along with the pertinent data to ETC. Comments can then be added to the individual measurements. After pressing the appropriate key, a report including all measurements within the structure is generated, or the data are exported to an Excel spreadsheet. By turning the function selector switch, the database is exited. The parameters previously set in the database are not accepted for measurement Using Barcode and RFID Readers Searching for a Barcode which has Already been Read In The procedure can be started from any selector switch setting and menu. Ð Scan the object s barcode. The search is started at the currently selected structural element and works its way down into lower hierarchies. The retrieved barcode is inverse displayed. Ð This value is accepted by pressing the ENTER key. An already selected object cannot be found. Data Backup We advise you to regularly transfer stored data to a PC in order to prevent potential loss of data in the test instrument. We assume no responsibility for any data loss. For data processing and management we recommend the following PC programs: ETC E-Findings Manager (Austria) Report Manager PS3 (documentation, management, report generation and monitoring of deadlines) PC.doc-WORD/EXCEL (report and list generation) PC.doc-ACCESS (test data management) Continued Search, General Regardless of whether or not an object has been found, searching can be continued with this key: Object found: search below the previously selected object No additional object found: the entire database is searched at all levels Reading in a Barcode for Processing If the menu for alphanumeric entry is currently open, any value scanned by a barcode or RFID reader is directly accepted. Using a Barcode Printer (accessory) The following applications are made possible with a barcode printer: Print-out of ID numbers for objects encrypted as barcodes (allows for quick and convenient identification for periodic testing) Print-out of repeatedly occurring designations, for example test object types encrypted as barcodes in a list, which can be read in for comments as required. GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 47

48 18 Operating and Display Elements Test Instrument and Adapter (1) Control Panel Display Panel The following are displayed at the LCD: One or two measurement values as a three place numeric display with unit of measure and abbreviated measuring quantity Nominal values for voltage and frequency Circuit diagrams On-line help Messages and instructions The display/control panel can be swiveled forward and backward with the detented swivel hinge. The instrument can thus be set to the optimum reading angle. (2) Eyelets for the Shoulder Strap The included shoulder strap can be attached at the right and left hand sides of the instrument. You can hang the instrument from your shoulder and keep both hands free for measurement. (3) Rotary Selector Switch The following basic functions can be selected with this rotary switch: SETUP / I N / I F / Z L-PE / Z L-N / R E / R LO / R ISO / U / SENSOR / EXTRA / AUTO The various basic functions are selected by turning the function selector switch while the instrument is switched on. (4) Measuring Adapter! Attention! The measuring adapter (2-pole) may only be used together with the test instrument s test plug. Use for other purposes is prohibited! The plug-on measuring adapter (2-pole) with the two test probes is used for measurements in systems without earthing contact outlets, e.g. at permanent installations, distribution cabinets and all three-phase outlets, as well as for insulation resistance and low-value resistance measurements. The 2-pole measuring adapter can be expanded to three poles for phase sequence testing with the included measurement cable (test probe). (5) Plug Insert (country-specific)! Attention! The plug insert may only be used together with the test instrument s test plug. Use for other purposes is prohibited! After the plug insert has been attached, the instrument can be directly connected to earthing contact outlets. You need not concern yourself with plug polarity. The instrument detects the positions of phase conductor L and neutral conductor N and automatically reverses polarity if necessary. The instrument automatically determines whether or not both protective contacts in the earthing contact outlet are connected to one another, as well as to the system protective conductor, for all types of protective conductor measurements when the plug insert is attached to the test plug. (6) Test Plug The various country specific plug inserts (e.g. protective contact plug insert for Germany or SEV plug insert for Switzerland) or the measuring adapter (2-pole) are attached to the test plug and secured with a threaded connector. The control elements at the test plug are subjected to interference suppression filtering. This may lead to a slightly delayed reaction compared to direct instrument control. (7) Alligator Clip (plug-on) (8) Test Probes The test probes comprise the second (permanently attached) and third (plug-on) poles of the measuring adapter. A coil cable connects them to the plug-on portion of the measuring adapter. (9) ON/Start t Key The measuring sequence for the function selected in the menu is started by pressing this key, either on the test plug or at the control panel. Exception: If the instrument is switched off, it can only be switched on by pressing the key at the control panel. This key has the same function as the t key on the test plug. (10) I N Key / I (at the control panel) The following sequences are triggered by pressing this key, either on the test plug or at the control panel: Starts the tripping test after measurement of contact voltage for RCD testing (I N ). The ROFFSET measurement is started within the R LO / Z L-N function. Semiautomatic polarity reversal (see section 5.8) (11) Contact Surfaces The contact surfaces are located at both sides of the test plug. When the contact plug is grasped in the hand, contact is automatically made with these surfaces. The contact surfaces are electrically isolated from the terminals and from the measuring circuit. The instrument can be used as a phase tester for protection class II devices! In the event a potential difference of greater than 25 V between protective conductor terminal PE and the contact surface, PE is displayed (compare section 19.1, LED Indications, Mains Connections and Potential Differences, beginning on page 53). (12) Test Plug Holder The test plug with attached plug insert can be reliably secured to the instrument with the rubberized holder. (13) Fuses The two type M 3.15/500G fuses (safety fuse FF 3.15/500G) protect the instrument against overload. Phase conductor L and neutral conductor N are fused individually. If a fuse is defective, and if an attempt is made to perform a measurement which uses the circuit protected by this fuse, a corresponding message appears at the display panel.! Attention! Severe damage to the instrument may occur if incorrect fuses are used. Only original fuses from GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH assure required protection by means of suitable blowing characteristics (order no ). The voltage ranges remain functional even if fuses have blown. (14) Holders for Test Probes (8) (15/16) Current Clamp Connector Sockets Only current transformer clamps offered as accessories may be connected to these sockets. 48 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

49 (17) Probe Connector Socket The probe connector socket is required for the measurement of probe voltage U S-PE, earth electrode voltage U E, earthing resistance R E and standing surface insulation resistance. It can be used for the measurement of contact voltage during RCD testing. The probe is connected with a 4 mm contact protected plug. The instrument determines whether or not the probe has been properly set and displays results at the display panel. (18) USB Port The USB port allows for the exchange of data between the test instrument and a PC. (19) RS 232 Port This connection allows for data entry by means of a barcode scanner or an RFID reader. (20) Charging Socket Only the Z502P charger for charging batteries inside the test instrument may be connected to this socket. (21) Battery Compartment Lid Replacement Fuses! Attention! When the lid is removed, the instrument must be disconnected from the measuring circuit at all poles! Control Panel LEDs MAINS/NETZ LED This LED is only functional when the instrument is switched on. It has no function in voltage ranges U L-N and U L-PE. It lights up green, red or orange, or blinks green or red, depending upon how the instrument has been connected and the selected function (compare section 19.1, LED Indications, Mains Connections and Potential Differences, beginning on page 53). This LED also lights up if line voltage is present during measurement of R INS and R LO. U L /R L LED This LED lights up red if contact voltage is greater than 25 V or 50 V during RCD testing, as well as after safety shut-down occurs. It also lights up if R INS or R LO limit values have been exceeded or fallen short of. RCD LED FI This LED lights up red if the RCCB is not tripped within 400 ms (1000 ms for selective RCCBs of the RCD S type) during the tripping test with nominal residual current. It also lights up if the RCCB is not tripped before nominal residual current has been reached during measurement with rising residual current. The battery compartment lid covers the battery holder with the rechargeable batteries and the replacement fuses. The battery holder is designed for use with eight 1.5 V AA batteries in accordance with IEC LR 6 for supplying power to the instrument. Make certain that battery polarity corresponds the symbols when inserting the rechargeable batteries.! Attention! Make sure that all of the rechargeble batteries are inserted with correct polarity. If just one battery is inserted with reversed polarity, it will not be recognized by the instrument and may result in battery leakage. Two replacement fuses are located beneath the battery compartment lid. GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 49

50 19 Characteristic Values Z L-PE Z L-N Measured Quantity Display Range Input Impedance/ Test Current Measuring Range Nominal Values Measuring Uncertainty Intrinsic Uncertainty U L-PE V 0.1 V V U (2% rdg.+5d) (1% rdg.+5d) N-PE V 1 V (2% rdg.+1d) (1% rdg.+1d) U Hz 0.1 Hz f Hz U N = 120/230/ (0.2% rdg.+1d) (0.1% rdg.+1d) Hz 1 Hz 400/500 V V 0.1 V (3% rdg.+5d) (2% rdg.+5d) U 3~ 5 M V V 1 V f N = 16 2 (3% rdg.+1d) (2% rdg.+1d) / 3 /50/ V 0.1 V U PROBE 60/200/400 Hz (2% rdg.+5d) (1% rdg.+5d) V V 1 V (2% rdg.+1d) (1% rdg.+1d) U L-N V 0.1 V V V 1 V (3% rdg.+5d) (2% rdg.+5d) (3% rdg.+1d) (2% rdg.+1d) U I N V 0.1 V 0.3 I N V +10% rdg.+1d +1% rdg. 1d... +9% rdg.+1d R E / I N = 10 ma k R U E / I N = 30 ma N = 120/230 V 1 k k 10 calculated value R E / I N = 100 ma from f N = 50/60 Hz R U I N / I E / I N = 300 ma N U L = 25/50 V I N R E / I N = 500 ma I N = 10/30/ I I F / I N = 10 ma ma 100/300/ ma ma ma I / I = 30 ma ma ma ma ma N I / I N = 100 ma ma 1 ma ma ma (5% rdg.+1d) (3.5% rdg.+2d) I / I N = 300 ma ma 1 ma ma ma I / I N = 500 ma ma 1 ma ma ma U 1) 2) N = 400 V U / U = 25 V V V +1% rdg. 1d % rdg.+1d +9% rdg.+1 d I L U I / U L = 50 V V 0.1 V wie I V t A / I N ms 1 ms 1.05 I N ms t A / 5 I N ms 1 ms 5 I N ms I N = 10/30 ma 4 ms 3 ms (10% rdg.+ 30d) (5% rdg.+30d) Z L-PE (full waves) U N = 120/230 V (10% rdg.+ 30d) (4% rdg.+30d) Z L-N m 1 m U N = 400 V 1) (5% rdg.+ 3d) (3% rdg.+3d) / Z L-PE (18% rdg.+30d) (6% rdg.+50d) A 500 V at Z DC L-PE (10% rdg.+3d) (4% rdg.+3d) R E R E Sel clip Function Resolution EX- TRA R INS I K Z L-PE (15 ma) I K (15 ma) R E (with probe) [R E (without probe) values as Z L-PE ] 0 A A 1.00 ka ka 10.0 ka ka 1 A 10 A 100 A 120 ( ) V 230 ( ) V 400 ( ) V f N = 16 2 / 3 /50/ 60 Hz only display range U N = 120/230 V 15 ma calcul. value depends on U N and Z L-PE : f N = 16 2 / 3 /50/ 60 Hz ma A A m k k 1 ma 0.01 A 0.1 A 1 m 0,01 0, k A A A 400 ma 40 ma 4 ma I K =U N / k k R E DC m 1 m A , A DC U E V 1 V calculated value R E m... 1 R E DC m... 1 Z ST M 1 k 2.3 ma at k k V 200 k M R INS. R E INS k M M k M M 1 k 10 k 100 k 1 k 10 k 100 k k M M M 1 k 10 k 100 k 1 M k 1 k M 10 k M 100 k M 1 M U N = 120/230 V U N = 400 V 1) f N = 50/60 Hz U N = 120/230 V f N = 50/60 Hz calculated value from Z L-PE (10% v.m.+10d) (8% v.m.+2d) (2% v.m.+2d) (1% v.m.+1d) calculated value from Z L-PE (15 ma): I K = U N /Z L-PE (15 ma) (10% rdg.+30d) (10% rdg.+30d) (5% rdg.+3d) (10% rdg.+3d) (10% rdg.+3d) (10% rdg.+3d) (18% rdg.+ 30d) (10% rdg. + 3d) (5% rdg.+30d) (4% rdg.+30d) (3% rdg.+3d) (3% rdg.+3d) (3% rdg.+3d) (3% rdg.+3d) (6% rdg.+50d) (4% v.m.+3d) Plug Insert 1) 2-Pole Adapter l l l l l l l l Z L-PE Connections 3-Pole Adapter Probe l l l l optio nal l l l Clamps WZ12C Z3512A MFLEX P A ) see R E (20% rdg.+ 20 D) (15% rgd.+ 20 d) l l I K = 1.5 ma 50 k M U N = 120/230 V f N = 50/60 Hz U 0 = U L-N U N = 50 V I N = 1 ma U N = 100 V I N = 1 ma U N = 250 V I N = 1 ma U N = 500 V/ 1000 V I N = 1 ma (22% v.m.+20 D) (15% rdg.+ 20 d) (20% rdg.+2d) (10% rdg.+2d) k range (5% rdg.+10d) M range (5% rdg.+1d) (10% rdg.+3d) (5% rdg.+3d) k range (3% rdg.+10d) M range (3% rdg.+1d) U V 1 V V (3% rdg.+1d) (1.5% rdg.+1d) m R LO R LO m I m 200 ma U 0 = 4.5 V (4% rdg.+2d) (2% rdg.+2d) l l l 50 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

51 SEN- SOR Measured Quantity I L/Amp 1) U > 253 V, with 2 or 3-pole adapter only 2) I N = 500 ma, max. U N = 250 V 3) The measuring range respectively the transformation factor selected at the clamp (I L =In: 1 ma...15 A/Out:1 mv/ma or Iamp = A/1 mv/a) must be set in the TYPE menu with the selector switch in the SENSOR position. 4) The measuring range respectively the transformation factor selected at the clamp (x 1, x 10, x 100, x 1000 mv/a) must be set in the TYPE menu with the selector switch in the SENSOR position. 5) at R Eselektiv /R Egesamt < 100 Reference Conditions Line voltage Line frequency Meas. quantity frequency Meas. quantity waveform 230 V 0.1% 50 Hz 0.1% 45 Hz Hz Sine (deviation between RMS and rectified value 0.1%) Line impedance angle cos =1 Probe resistance 10 Supply voltage 12 V 0.5 V Ambient temperature +23 C 2 K Relative humidity 40%... 60% Finger contact For testing potential diff. at earth Standing surface insulation Resistive only Nominal Ranges of Use Voltage U N 120 V ( V) 230 V ( V) 400 V ( V) Frequency f N 16 2 / 3 Hz ( Hz) 50 Hz ( Hz) 60 Hz ( Hz) 200 Hz ( Hz) 400 Hz ( Hz) Overall voltage range U Y V Overall frequency range Hz Waveform Sine Temperature range 0 C C Supply voltage V Line impedance angle Corresponds to cos = Probe resistance < 50 k Power Supply Rechargeable batteries Charger (Z502P) Charging time Display Range Function Resolution Input Impedance/ Test Current Measuring Range Nominal Values ma 0.1 ma ma 3) (10% rdg.+8d) (4% rdg.+7d) ma 1 ma (10% rdg.+3d) (4% rdg.+2d) A 0.1 A A 3) (8% rdg.+2d) (3% rdg.+2d) A 1 A (8% rdg.+1d) (3% rdg.+1d) ma 0.1 ma (7% rdg.+8d) (4% rdg.+7d) ma 1 ma ma 4) (5% rdg.+3d) (2% rdg.+2d) A 0.01 A A 4) (4% rdg.+2d) (2% rdg.+2d) A 0.1 A A 4) (4% rdg.+2d) (2% rdg.+2d) A 1 A A 4) (4% rdg.+1d) (2% rdg.+1d) ka 0.01 ka (4% rdg.+1d) (2% rdg.+1d) ma 0.1 ma 1 V/A ma 4) (7% rdg.+100d) (4% rdg.+100d) U N = 120/230/ ma 1 ma (6% rdg.+12d) (3% rdg.+12d) 400 V A 0.01 A 100 mv/a 0, A 4) (6% rdg.+12d) (3% rdg.+12d) f N = 50/60 Hz A 0.1 A 10 mv/a A 4) (5% rdg.+11d) (2% rdg.+11d) 8 x AA 1,5 V, we recommend rechargeable batteries type eneloop AA HR6, 2000 mah (Article no. Z502H) for cell battery packs Input: V AC Output: 16.5 V DC 3.5 mm diameter jack plug (only suited for mains operation) Approx. 4 hours Number of Measurements with PROFITEST MTECH (standard setup with illumination) for R INS 1 measurement 25 s pause: approx measurements for R LO Automatic polarity reversal/1 (1 measuring cycle) 25 s pause: approx measurements Overload Capacity R INS U L-PE, U L-N RCD, R E, R F Z L-PE, Z L-N R LO Measuring Uncertainty Intrinsic Uncertainty Plug Insert 1) 2-Pole Adapter Connections 3-Pole Probe Adapter 1200 V continuous 600 V continuous 440 V continuous 550 V (limits the number of measurements and pause duration. If overload occurs, the instrument is switched off by means of a thermostatic switch) Electronic protection prevents switching on if interference voltage is present Protection with fine-wire fuses FF 3.15 A 10 s, fuses blow at > 5 A Electrical Safety Protection class II per IEC /EN / VDE Nominal voltage 230/400 V (300/500 V) Test voltage 3.7 kv 50 Hz Measuring category CAT III 600 V or CAT IV 300 V Pollution degree 2 Fusing, Terminals L and N 1 cartridge fuse-link ea. FF 3.15/500G 6.3 mm x 32 mm Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Product standard EN :2006 Interference Emission EN Interference Immunity Test value EN Contact / atmos. 4 kv / 8 kv EN V/m EN Mains connection 2 kv EN Mains connection 1 kv EN Mains connection 3 V EN period / 100% Clamps WZ12C Z3512A MFLEX P300 Class A l Features l l GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 51

52 Ambient Conditions Accuracy Operation Storage Relative Humidity Elevation C 10 C C 20 C C (without rechargeable batteries) Max. 75%, no condensation allowed Max m Mechanical Design Display Dimensions Weight Multiple display with dot matrix, 128 x 128 pixels W x L x D = 260 x 330 x 90 mm (without measurement cables) Approx. 2.3 kg with rechargeable batteries Protection Housing: IP 40, test probe: IP 40 per DIN VDE 0470, part 1 / EN Extract from table on the meaning of IP codes IP XY Protection against foreign IP XY Protection against the (1 st char. X) object entry (2 nd char. Y) penetration of water 0 not protected 0 not protected mm 1 vertically falling drops mm 2 dripping at angle of mm 3 spraying water mm 4 splashing water Data Interface Type Type USB slave for PC connection RS 232 for barcode and RFID readers 52 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

53 19.1 LED Indications, Mains Connections and Potential Differences NETZ/ MAINS NETZ/ MAINS NETZ/ MAINS NETZ/ MAINS NETZ/ MAINS Status Test Plug Meas. Adapter Selector Switch Position Function / Meaning LED Indications lights up I green X N / I F Correct connection, measurement enabled Z L-N / Z L-PE / R E blinks I green X N / I F N conductor not connected, Z L-N / Z L-PE / R E measurement enabled I blinks red X X N / I F 1) no line voltage or Z L-N / Z L-PE / R E 2) PE interrupted lights up Interference voltage detected, measurement disabled red X R ISO / R LO U L /R L FI/RCD lights up yellow lights up red lights up red X X X I N / I F Z L-N / Z L-PE / R E I N R ISO / R LO X X I N / I F Mains Connection Test Single-Phase System LCD Connection Pictograph? L L L? PE PE PE? N N N PE x L N PE x L N PE x L N L PE N PE x L N is displayed is displayed is displayed is displayed is displayed is displayed is displayed is displayed is displayed All except for U All except for U All except for U All except for U All except for U All except for U All except for U All except for U All except for U PE is displayed All except for U L N Mains Connection Test 3-Phase System LCD Connection Pictograph is displayed L and N are connected with the phase conductors. Contact voltage U I N or U I >25V or >50V Safety shut-down has occurred Limit value exceeded or fallen short of for R INS / R LO function The RCCB was not tripped, or was tripped too late during the tripping test. No connection detection Connection OK L and N reversed, neutral conductor charged with phase voltage No mains connection Neutral conductor interrupted U Clockwise rotation (3-phase measurement) Protective conductor PE interrupted, neutral conductor N and/or phase conductor L charged with phase voltage Phase conductor L interrupted, neutral conductor N charged with phase voltage Phase conductor L and protective conductor PE reversed Phase conductor L and protective conductor PE reversed Neutral conductor interrupted (only with probe) L and N are connected with the phase conductors. is displayed is displayed U Counter-clockwise rotation (3-phase measurement) U Short between L1 and L2 (3-phase measurement) GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 53

54 Status is displayed is displayed is displayed is displayed is displayed is displayed is displayed is displayed Test Plug Meas. Adapter Selector Switch Position Function / Meaning U Short between L1 and L3 (3-phase measurement) U Short between L2 and L3 (3-phase measurement) U Phase conductor L1 missing (3-phase measurement) U Phase conductor L2 missing (3-phase measurement) U Phase conductor L3 missing (3-phase measurement) U Phase conductor L1 to N (3-phase measurement) U Phase conductor L2 to N (3-phase measurement) U Phase conductor L3 to N (3-phase measurement) Battery Test is displayed All Rechargeable batteries must be charged or replaced towards the end of their useful life (U < 8 V). PE test by means of finger contact at the contact surfaces on the test plug LCD LEDs PE is displayed U L /R L FI/RCD light up red X X U (single-phase measurement) Potential difference 50 V between finger contact and PE (earth contact) Frequency f 50 Hz PE is displayed U L /R L FI/RCD light up red X X U (single-phase measurement) If L is correctly contacted and PE is interrupted (Frequency f 50 Hz) Error Messages LCD X X All measurements with protective conductor Potential difference 50 V between finger contact and PE (earth contact) Remedy: inspect PE connection : Measurement can be launched nevertheless by pressing the start key once more. X X I N / I F Z L-N / Z L-PE / R E 1) Voltage for RCD test with DC current too high (U > 253 V) 2) U generally U > 440 V with 500 ma 3) U > 440 V for I N / I F 4) U > 253 V for I N / I F with 500 ma 5) U < 253 V for measurements with probe X X I N RCD is tripped too early, or is defective. Remedy: test circuit for biasing current. 54 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

55 Status Test Plug Meas. Adapter Selector Switch Position Function / Meaning X X Z L-PE RCD is tripped too early, or is defective. Remedy: Test with positive or negative half-wave. X X I N / I F RCD tripped during contact voltage measurement. Remedy: Check selected nominal test current. X X All except for U Externally accessible fuse is defective. The voltage ranges remain functional even if fuses have blown. Special case, R LO : Interference voltage during measurement may result in destruction of the fuse. Remedy: Replace fuse (replacement fuse in battery compartment). Observe instructions for fuse replacement in section 20.3! X X I N / I F Z L-N / Z L-PE / R E Frequency out of permissible range. Remedy: inspect mains connection. all Excessive temperature inside the test instrument. Remedy: wait for test instrument to cool down. X X R ISO / R LO Remedy: device under test must be disconnected from all sources of voltage. Interference voltage. X X All measurements with probe Interference voltage at the probe X X R ISO / R LO Overvoltage, or overloading of the measurement voltage generator during measurement of R ISO or R LO X X I N / I F Z L-N / Z L-PE Z ST, R ST, R E Meter start-up X X all No mains connection. Remedy: inspect mains connection. Hardware defect Remedy: 1) Switch on/off or 2) Briefly take out the batteries/rechargeable batteries If error message remains, send test instrument to GMC-I Service GmbH for repair. X X R LO Remedy: check system OFFSET measurement not advisable OFFSET measurement of RLO+ and RLO remains possible X R LO OFFSET measurement not advisable R OFFSET > 10 : Remedy: check system X Z L-N OFFSET measurement not advisable Z OFFSET > 10 : Remedy: check system GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 55