Instruction manual. PR122-3/P + PR120/D-M PR332-3/P + PR330/D-M Modbus System Interface 1/50 LB-DTA L2572. Author Autore.

Transcription

1 Instruction manual Modbus System Interface 1/50

2 Index Pag. 1. INTRODUCTION SCOPE APPLICABILITY ACRONYM AND DEFINITION Acronym Definitions BIBLIOGRAPY MODBUS PROTOCOL COMMUNICATION PARAMETERS DEVICE RTU FRAMING Silent interval < 4 char between two characters inside the message Silent interval 4 char between two characters inside the message New frame before 4 character silent interval at the end of a frame UNIT IDENTIFICATION AVAILABLE MODBUS FUNCTIONS Function 03 (03h) Read Holding Registers Function 04 (04h) Read Input Registers Function 06 (06h) Write Single Register Function 08 (08h) Diagnostic Function 16 (10h) Write Multiple Registers Function 17 (11h) Report slave ID Function 70 (46h) Read Extended Registers Exception responses MODBUS MAP UNIT CONFIGURATION Protection MEASURES REGISTERS MAP LOGGER MAP (EXTENDED REGISTERS) DESCRIPTION OF REGISTERS COMMANDS STATISTICAL DATA PROGRAMMING FAIL ERROR CODE STATE RUN-TIME MEASURES HARMONIC MEASURES INFORMATION LOCAL BUS DATA AREA PARAMETERS CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS PROTECTION SET1 / SET2(ONLY PR123/333) TRIP HISTORY MEASURE HISTORY LOG EVENTS WAVEFORMS TABLES APPENDIX /50

3 6.1 PARAMETER PROGRAMMING RELAYS AND DATA LOGGER CUSTOM SETTING MEASURE HISTORY DATA STRUCTURE WAVEFORM AND HARMONICS CB STATE INFORMATION STATISTICAL DATA COMMANDS EXECUTION CONDITIONS MEASURE LIMITS AND REPRESENTATION REVISION HISTORY REVISION A 01/04/ REVISION B 21/06/ REVISION C 20/02/ /50

4 Figure Index Pag. FIGURE 1 RELATION BETWEEN PR12X/33X INFORMATION SET FIGURE 2 PROGRAMMING SESSION CORRECTLY HANDLED FIGURE 3 PROGRAMMING FAILED FIGURE 4 PROGRAMMING ABORTED Index of Tables Pag. TABLE 1 ACTIVE PROTECTIONS TABLE 2 ACTIVE MEASURES TABLE 3 TAB_INPUT_OUTPUT TABLE 4 TAB_TRIP TABLE 5 TAB_ALARM_ TABLE 6 TAB_ALARM_ TABLE 7 TAB_COMMANDS TABLE 8 TAB_WAV TABLE 9 TAB_TH_RC TABLE 10 TAB_TIME_RC TABLE 11 TAB_TRIP_TYPE TABLE 12 TAB_UN TABLE 13 TAB_RELAYS_FUNCTION TABLE 14 TAB_RELAYS_K51_CONFIG TABLE 15 TAB_P_RELE_CONFIG TABLE 16 TAB_CB_TYPE TABLE 17 TAB_CB_TYPE_33X TABLE 18 TAB_LOG_EVENTS TABLE 19 COMMANDS ACCEPTANCE CONDITIONS /50

5 1. INTRODUCTION The documents refer to the system bus modbus interface of relay PR122, PR123, PR332 and PR333 of Emax power circuit breakers. 1.1 SCOPE The aim of this document is to indicate the addresses of all measures, parameters and information available in PR12 and PR33 relay. Moreover it explains the procedure to read information and to program the parameters of the above mentioned protection units. 1.2 APPLICABILITY This document applies to the device PR122, PR123, PR332 and PR333 equipped with the PR120/D-M module. This version of the document has been updated with SW version 2.0 or major. 1.3 ACRONYM AND DEFINITION Acronym AI AO CB LSb MSb LSB MSB Analog Input Analog Output Circuit Breaker Least Significant Bit Most Significant Bit Least Significant Byte Most Significant Byte BOOL Bit or Boolean (IEC ) BYTE Byte (IEC ) WORD Word (IEC ) DWORD Double word (IEC ) LWORD Long Word (IEC ) SINT Short Integer (IEC ) USINT Unsigned Short Integer (IEC ) INT Single Integer (IEC ) UINT Unsigned Integer (IEC ) DINT Double Integer (IEC ) UDINT Unsigned Double Integer (IEC ) LINT Long Integer (IEC ) ULINT Unsigned Long Integer (IEC ) STRING Text String (IEC ) UNICODE Unicode (IEC ) 5/50

6 1.3.2 Definitions ALARM: BUFFER: CB RESET: DEVICE: EVENT: PARAMETER: PROTECTION TRIPS: PROTECTION UNIT: REGISTER: REMOTE SYSTEM: STATUS: TRIP COMMAND FAIL: TRIP RESET: there are two types of alarm: Alarm Type Alarm Trip Definition It s similar to a status. A Trip Reset is NOT necessary to reset it. Ex. L Pre-Alarm, S Alarm,... Only a command can reset it, i.e. a new alarm won t be signalled until the reset. Ex. L Tripped, S Tripped,... meaningful part of a Modbus Map section. It s defined by the Modbus Map of the device. event (Any Trip) /alarm reset of any information related to the (last) trip. Protection Unit information that signals a normal (foreseen) device behaviour. Typically, the producer of an event is the device, while the consumer is the system. information that allows configuration of device functionality (e.g. a protection algorithm). sum of real protection trips (Σ LSIG trips). Real means not caused by the Test Unit. PR12 and PR33 electronic device that implements protection algorithms the least analogue information container (one word = 2 bytes) a device (SCADA) which behaves as Modbus Master on the external bus. It polls the information provided by the device and sends to it commands and parameters. information that represents the dynamics of a functionality (e.g. the CB or a protection algorithm). It can be managed (i.e. set/reset) only by the device itself. after a protection trip, with relevant opening command to the release, CB stays in CLOSED state. In this case, the device tries to open the CB by starting a back-up procedure. Meanwhile, the device tries also to open the CB using the YO (through the I/O). command equal to CB Reset 6/50

7 1.4 BIBLIOGRAPY Schneider Automation Inc., Modicon MODBUS Protocol Reference Guide 2. Modbus Protocol 2.1 Communication Parameters Baud rate Address Addressing type Physical protocol 9600/ Standard / ABB E, 8, 1 O, 8, 1 N, 8, 2 N, 8, 1 The default unit configuration is: Baud rate Address Addressing type Physical protocol Standard E, 8, Device RTU Framing The allowed inter-character silent interval has been relaxed from at least 2 characters to at least 4 characters (the same silent interval to recognize the end of a message). This means: Silent interval < 4 char between two characters inside the message In this case the receiver filters the silent interval and the following characters will be appended to those already received. The difference from the protocol specification is: 1. Silent interval < 2 char between two characters inside the message Transmitter Silent interval 4 char n 4 char Receiver 4 char n 4 char The behaviour is exactly as specified by the protocol. 7/50

8 2. Silent interval 2 char and < 4 char between two characters inside the message The received characters are NOT flushed and the following ones will be appended. Transmitter Silent interval 4 char n 4 char Receiver 4 char n 4 char Note that after flushing, the standard protocol specification allows: reception of the remaining characters of a partially received message reception of a completely new message The device behaviour doesn t cover the second case because it always appends new incoming characters to the previous ones, leading to a CRC error. So the behaviour is exactly the same if and only if the incoming characters are NOT a new message. In this case the received packet will lead to a CRC error and the CRC error counter will be incremented Silent interval 4 char between two characters inside the message If the message transmission is NOT ended, all the previously received characters are managed as a message because this is exactly the protocol specification regarding the end of a message New frame before 4 character silent interval at the end of a frame In this case the receiver filters the silent interval and the following characters (of the new frame) will be appended to those already received. This will lead to a CRC error. Transmitter Receiver Silent interval 4 char n m 4 char 4 char n m 4 char So the CRC error counter will count both the real CRC errors and the inter-character errors. 2.3 Unit identification Unit PR122/P PR123/P Slave ID 0x51 0x52 Unit PR332/P PR333/P Slave ID 0x55 0x56 8/50

9 2.4 Available Modbus functions Function Code Name Applicable to 03 (03h) Read Holding Registers AO 04 (04h) Read Input Registers AI 06 (06h) Write Single Register AO Funct. Code Subf. Code Name Applicable to 08 (08h) 00 (00H) Diagnostic Loop back --- Function Code Name Applicable to 16 (10h) Write Multiple Registers AO 17 (11h) Report Slave ID (46h) Read Extended Registers Extended Reg. Nota (47h) Modify Slave Address --- All queries must respect the limitation of maximum modbus message length of 256 byte Legenda: AA = slave address (1 247) cl = byte low of CRC ch = byte high of CRC Function 03 (03h) Read Holding Registers Query Addr Function Starting address Number of registers Crc AA 03h High Low High Low ch cl Nota 1. Number of registers 125 Response Addr Function Byte count Register value Register value Crc AA 03h nn High Low High Low ch cl Function 04 (04h) Read Input Registers Query Addr Function Starting address Nr of input registers Crc AA 04h High Low High Low ch cl Nota 1. Number of registers 125 Response Addr Function Byte count Input register Input register Crc AA 04h nn High Low High Low ch cl Function 06 (06h) Write Single Register Query Addr Function Register address Register value Crc AA 06h High Low High Low ch cl Response (echo of query) Addr Function Register address Register value Crc AA 06h High Low High Low ch cl 9/50

10 2.4.4 Function 08 (08h) Diagnostic Query Addr Function Sub function Data Crc AA 08h 00h 00h yy ch cl Nota 1. 0 Number of data bytes 250, any value Response (echo of query) Addr Function Sub function Data Crc AA 08h 00h 00h yy ch cl Function 16 (10h) Write Multiple Registers Query Addr Funct Starting addr Num of registers Byte count Reg value Reg value Crc AA 10h High Low High Low Nn High Low High Low ch cl Nota 1. Number of registers 123 Response Addr Function Starting address Number of register Crc AA 10h High Low High Low ch cl Nota 2. Number of registers Function 17 (11h) Report slave ID Query Addr Function Crc AA 11h ch Cl Response Addr Function Byte count Slave ID Run indicator Sw Version Events addr Device Ser Nr Crc AA 11h 16h ID 0FFh High Low High Low 16 byte (ASCII) ch cl Function 70 (46h) Read Extended Registers Query Addr Function Byte count Ref type File number Starting address Number of registers Crc AA 46h 07h 06h High Low High Low High Low ch cl Nota 1. File number 3 Nota 2. Starting address Nota 3. Number of registers 125 Response Addr Funct Byte count Ref type Reg value Reg value Crc AA 46h Nn 06h High Low High Low ch cl 10/50

11 2.4.8 Exception responses Illegal function Addr Function Exception code Crc AA Function + 80h 01h ch cl Illegal data address Addr Function Exception code Crc AA Function + 80h 02h ch cl Illegal data value Addr Function Exception code Crc AA Function + 80h 03h ch cl Slave device failure Addr Function Exception code Crc AA Function + 80h 04h ch cl Slave device busy Addr Function Exception code Crc AA Function + 80h 06h ch cl 11/50

12 Exception occurrences Illegal function 02 Illegal data address Starting address not valid Starting address not valid Exception 03 Illegal data value Invalid query length Requested number of register too large Address out of modbus map Invalid query length Requested number of register too large Address out of modbus map 04 Slave device failure 06 Slave device busy Reading attempt of busy non-volatile memory at present 06 Starting address not valid Write of TIME information not allowed with this function Invalid query length Local state Programming session already open Programming session not open QUERY FUNCTION Starting address not valid Sub function Invalid query length Invalid query length Number of register too large Address out of modbus map Command not available Command parameter filed not valid Wrong Time Parameters error check after a stop programming session command Local state Programming session already open Programming session not open Command acceptance conditions not verified 17 Invalid query length 70 Other Function not available Starting address not valid Invalid query length Requested number of register too large Address out of modbus map Field Ref Type not correct Field Byte count not correct Reading attempt of busy data logger 12/50

13 3. MODBUS MAP Data format LINT (Acronym 1.3.1) (4 byte = 2 word = 2 register) is transferred with low significant part at lower modbus address (LOW-HIGH) Register i LS word Register i + 1 MS word Instead within WORD data the most significant byte is transferred first (as in MODBUS RTU standard) MS byte LS byte Since the PR122 and PR332 information set is a subset of PR123 and PR333 set, it was decided to represent them in only one general map from which is possible to deduce information of each device. PR123/ PR333 PR122/ PR332 Figure 1 Relation between PR12x/33x information set. For this purpose in each table it was foreseen a column named PR12x/ in which, row by row, are shown the device and the product execution where the information has mean. The explanation of how to read column PR12x/ follows: PR12x Meaning 3 Information available for PR123 and PR333 LSI/LSIG and NOT available for other units 3 G S G Information available for PR123 and PR333 LSIG and NOT available for other units Information available for PR122 and PR332 LSI/LSIG, PR123 LSI/LSIG and NOT available for other units Information available for PR122 and PR332 LSIG, PR123 LSIG and NOT available for other units Information available for PR122 and PR332 LI/LSI/LSIG, PR123 LSI/LSIG The contained information in the line is worth for PR122, PR332 and PR123,PR333 Rc versions and is NOT Rc AVAILABLE for the other units 2 33x /3 33x The contained information in the line is worth for PR332 and PR333 versions and is NOT AVAILABLE for the PR122 and PR123 units 2 33x /3 33x The contained information in the line is worth for PR122 and PR123 versions and is NOT AVAILABLE for the PR332 and PR333 units Parameters declared NOT AVALAIBLE for a unit are treated in the same way than the others, they are saved and checked in validity range but they are not used by the protections. Reading parameters declared NOT AVAILABLE could return not consistent data in respect to the ones previously programmed. Example. Program on PR122 the directional protection (NOT AVAILABLE for PR122) with the following data: Prot D configuration = 0x0001 (Prot enable = ON) Prot D Prot threshold Forward = 1 In Programming will be accepted because data is valid but D protection will remain disabled, therefore reading the parameters just programmed will return: Prot D configuration = 0x0000 (Prot enable = OFF) Prot D Prot threshold Forward = 1 In 13/50

14 3.1 Unit configuration Protection The following table shows the available protections for each type of device and possible necessary conditions: PR122/PR332 PR123/PR333 LI LSI LSIG LSIRc LSI LSIG L S S2 D I G NOSGR Gext SGR SGR Gext (Idn) RC RC RC U UV MM MM MM OV MM MM MM RV Table 1 Active Protections MM QP MM QP RP MM MM MM UF MM MM MM OF MM MM MM T LC ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) Hw prot. Phase rotation( 2 ) Cos module( 2 ) Frequency Error( 2 ) MM MM MM Harm distortion( 2 ) MM QP QP QP Legend : Available without condition NOSGR: External Toroid absent (Ext Toroid Type (addr 1032) = 0) SGR: External Toroid = Source Ground Return (Ext Toroid Type (addr 1032) = 1) RC: External Toroid = Residual Current (Ext Toroid Type (addr 1032) = 2) MM: Measuring Module present QP: CB 4 pole otherwise neutral voltage present (Unit configuration (addr 1020) bit 5 = 1) ( 1 ): Load control always enabled on state bits but feasible only if present signaling module or output unit on local bus (ex: PR021/K) ( 2 ): Warning functions. 14/50

15 3.1.2 MEASURES The following table shows the available measures for each type of device and possible necessary conditions: Table 2 Active measures PR122/PR332 PR123/PR333 LI LSI LSIG LSIRc LSI LSIG Line currents Neutral current Ne Ne Ne Ne Ne Ne Ground current NOSGR External toroid ground current SGR or RC RC SGR or RC Line to neutral voltages MM & V0 MM & V0 MM & V0 V0 V0 Line to line voltages MM MM MM Line to neutral power MM & V0 MM & V0 MM & V0 V0 V0 Total power MM MM MM Power factor MM MM MM Net frequency MM MM MM Peak factor Neutral crest factor Ne Ne Ne Ne Ne Ne Energy MM MM MM Trip history Log event history Measures history Contact wear Current waveform Neutral current waveform Ne Ne Line to line voltage waveform Current harmonics Neutral current harmonics Ne Ne Line to line voltage harmonics Data logger Legend : Available without condition V0: Neutral voltage present (Unit configuration (addr 1020) bit 5 = 1) MM: Module Measuring present Ne: Neutral connection present (CB 4 pole o 3 pole + neutral) NOSGR: External Toroid absent (Ext Toroid Type (addr 1032) = 0) SGR: External Toroid = Source Ground Return (Ext Toroid Type (addr 1032) = 1) RC: External Toroid = Residual Current (Ext Toroid Type (addr 1032) = 2) 15/50

16 3.2 REGISTERS MAP AI [30001] AO [40001] Relative Address Function Function: (2.4.2) (2.4.5) (2.4.1) 0 STATISTICAL DATA (4.2) COMMANDS (4.1) 6 (2.4.3) 50 PROGR. FAIL ERROR CODE (4.3) 100 STATE(0) TIME (0) 200 RUN TIME MEASURES (0) 600 HARMONICS MEASURES (4.6) 700 INFORMATION (4.7) 800 LOCAL BUS DATA AREA (4.8) 1000 PAR. CONFIG1 ACTUAL (4.9) 1020 PAR. CONFIG2 ACTUAL (4.10) 1050 PAR. CONFIG3 ACTUAL (4.11) PAR. CONFIG3 NEW (*) 1100 PAR. PROT. SET1 ACTUAL (4.12) PAR. PROT SET1 NEW (*) 1200 PAR. PROT. SET2 ACTUAL (4.12) PAR. PROT SET2 NEW (*) 2000 TRIP HISTORY (4.13) 2500 MEASURES HISTORY (4.14) 3300 LOG EVENTS (4.15) 4000 WAVEFORMS (4.16) *NON-VOLATILE memory : could be busy (busy exception response) (*) Parameters that can be written only during an open programming session. Example of table reading: RUN-TIME MEASURES analog input absolute address: offset (200) = The relative address is offset (200) = /50

17 3.3 LOGGER MAP (extended registers) Addressing type ABB cannot be used for these registers, therefore the address field will be always included between 1 and for all addressing methods. File Number File 0 (Old) Sample Number Samples 0 (Old) Extended Reg. (60000) Function 70 Relative address Description Note PR12x 0 L1 current sample Note 1 1 L2 current sample Note 1 2 L3 current sample Note 1 3 Ne current sample Note 1 4 Ground current sample Note 1 5 L1 MSP current sample Note 2 6 L2 MSP current sample Note 2 7 L3 MSP current sample Note 2 8 Ne MSP current sample Note 2 9 V1 voltage sample Note 3 10 V2 voltage sample Note 3 11 V3 voltage sample Note 3 12 Input/Output status TAB_INPUT_OUTPUT 13 Alarms 1 status TAB_ALARM_1 14 Alarm 2 status TAB_ALARM_2 15 Trip 1 status TAB_TRIP Samples Samples 4095 (New) File 1 Samples 0 Samples File 2 Samples 0 Samples File 3 (New) Samples 0 Samples Note 1: Signal derivative samples (512 rms means 1In rms) Note 2: Signal derivative samples (1 means 144,5A) Note 3: Signal samples (750 rms means 33,33Vrms) G 17/50

18 Table 3 TAB_INPUT_OUTPUT Bit Description 0 Local bus Relay 1 contact 1 Local bus Relay 2 contact 2 Local bus Relay 3 contact 3 Local bus Relay 4 contact Local bus Relay 6 contact 6 Local bus Relay 7 contact 7 Local bus Relay 8 contact 8 Relay P1 contact 9 Relay P2 contact 10 Relay P3 contact 11 Relay P4 contact 12 S zone selectivity input 13 S zone selectivity output 14 G zone selectivity input 15 G zone selectivity output Table 5 TAB_ALARM_1 Bit Description 0 Harmonic distortion > Contact Wear Pre-alarm 2 Contact Wear Alarm 3 L Pre-alarm 4 L Timing 5 S Timing 6 S2 Timing 7 G Timing 8 G Alarm (Blocked Trip) 9 G Ext Timing 10 G Ext Alarm (Blocked Trip) 11 T Pre-alarm 12 T Alarm 13 T Alarm (Blocked Trip) 14 D Timing 15 U Timing Table 4 TAB_TRIP Bit Description 0 L tripped 1 S tripped 2 S2 tripped 3 I tripped 4 Iinst tripped 5 G tripped 6 G ext tripped 7 T tripped 8 D tripped 9 U tripped 10 UV tripped 11 OV tripped 12 RV tripped 13 RP tripped 14 UF tripped 15 OF tripped Table 6 TAB_ALARM_2 Bit Description 0 U Alarm (Blocked Trip) 1 UV Timing 2 UV Alarm (Blocked Trip) 3 OV Timing 4 OV Alarm (Blocked Trip) 5 RV Timing 6 RV Alarm (Blocked Trip) 7 RP Timing 8 RP Alarm (Blocked Trip) 9 UF Timing 10 UF Alarm (Blocked Trip) 11 OF Timing 12 OF Alarm (Blocked Trip) 13 Frequency Error 14 Iw Warning 15 LC1 Alarm 18/50

19 4. DESCRIPTION OF REGISTERS 4.1 COMMANDS Rel # of PR12x Name Notes addr item 0 1 COMMAND TYPE TAB_COMMAND 1 1 COMMAND PARAMETER TAB_COMMAND To execute a command it is requested to write together to COMMAND TYPE field the number desired and to COMMAND PARAMETER field the optional parameter value (0 if not needed) with modbus function 16 also if the parameters value is not necessary. Example 1: to send Trip reset command, write 01 at COMMAND TYPE address and 00 at COMMAND PARAMETER address (parameter not necessary for this command). Example 2: to send Waveform + harmonics acquisition start Command on L2 phase, write 16 at COMMAND TYPE address and 02 at COMMAND PARAMETER address. Following the command list table with pertinent command parameters. Table 7 TAB_COMMANDS Value Command type Parameter PR12x 0 Dummy command don t care 1 Trip reset don t care 2 Signaling reset don t care 3 Communication statistics reset don t care 4 Log events reset don t care 5 Start programming session don t care 6 Abort programming session don t care 7 Stop programming session don t care 8 CB Open don t care 9 CB Close don t care 10 CB reset don t care 11 Wink toggle command don t care 12 History measure reset don t care 13 Energy counters reset don t care 14 Data logger trigger restart don t care 15 Data logger stop don t care 16 Waveform + harmonics acquisition start TAB_WAV 3 17 Waveform + harmonics acquisition stop don t care 3 Table 8 TAB_WAV Value Channel L1 2 L2 3 L3 4 NE 5 V12 6 V23 7 V31 19/50

20 4.2 STATISTICAL DATA Rel addr # of item Description Representation Notes 0 1 Received message number NOT updated in self-supply Received msg n = + Received msg n with crc error + Sent msg n + Received broadcast msg n. 1 1 Received message number with crc error NOT updated in self-supply 2 1 Sent message number NOT updated in self-supply Total exception response number included 3 1 Slave Busy exception number responses NOT updated in self-supply 4 1 Total exception response number NOT updated in self-supply Slave Busy exception number response included 5 1 Contact wear (100% = 65000) Updated in self-supply too CW > 100% Total trip protection number Updated in self-supply too Protection trip fail number included 7 1 Total operation number NOT updated in self-supply Total operation n = + Manual operation n + protection trip n + protection trip fail n + trip test n. 8 1 Manual operation number NOT updated in self-supply 9 1 Total trip protection number NOT updated in self-supply Protection trip fail number NOT included 10 1 Trip protection fail number NOT updated in self-supply 11 1 Trip test number NOT updated in self-supply PR12x Registers from address 0 to 4 compose the communication statistics, registers from address 6 to 11 compose CB operation statistics.. 20/50

21 4.3 PROGRAMMING FAIL ERROR CODE Rel addr # of item Description 0: No error Notes PR12x 1 999: See Table TAB_PAR_ERR_CODE 50 1 Programming Fail Error Code Consistency error in parameter SET : L Th S Th 1002: S Th I Th 1003: L Th S2 Th 1004: S2 Th I Th 1005: L Th D Th 1006: D Th I Th 1007: (only UL version) G Th > 1200A 1008: (only UL version) Startup G Th > 1200A 1009: D zone selectivity enabled together with zone selectivity S or S2 or G or Gext 1010: (Only UL version) S Time > 400 ms 1011: (Only UL version) S2 Time > 400 ms 1012: (Only UL version) G Time > 400 ms 1013: (Only UL version) Gext Time > 400 ms 1014: (Only UL version) L curve different from I 2 t=k Consistency error in parameter SET 2: 2001: L Th S Th 2002: S Th I Th 2003: L Th S2 Th 2004: S2 Th I Th 2005: L Th D Th 2006: D Th I Th 2007: (only UL version) G Th > 1200A 2008: (only UL version) Startup G Th > 1200A 2009: D zone selectivity enabled together with zone selectivity S or S2 or G or Gext 2010: (only UL version) S Time > 400 ms 2011: (only UL version) S2 Time > 400 ms 2012: (only UL version) G Time > 400 ms 2013: (only UL version) Gext Time > 400 ms 2014: (only UL version) L curve different from I 2 t=k Common: 3001: Error on the change language 3002: Error Toroid Rc 3003: Inner neutral Config error 3 At the end of programming session ( STOP PROGAMMING SESSION ) it take place the parameters consistency check. If an error occurs an exception response ILLEGAL DATA ERROR will be generated and the Programming Fail Error Code will be fulfilled.. 21/50

22 Table: TAB_PAR_ERR_CODE Par error code Parameters < min > max Step err address Not used Par error code Parameters < min > max Step err address Par error code Parameters < min > max Step err address Par error code Parameters < min > max Step err address /50

23 4.4 STATE Symbols () and () marks state bits whose variation are traced in the events log; () means that variation from 0 to 1 is traced, instead () means that variation from 1 to 0 is traced too. Rel addr # of item Name Bit Description Notes STATE 1 GLITCH Note 4 STATE 2 FLAGS STATE 3 FLAGS PR12x BIT 0 () Parameter changed 1 = Parameter(s) changed BIT 1 Historical Measure Update 1 = History measures updated BIT 2 Waveform available 1 = Waveform available 3 BIT 3 () Signaling Reset 1 = Signaling reset BIT 4 Trip Reset 1 = Trip Reset Command executed BIT 5 CB Reset 1 = CB Reset Command executed BIT 6 Dummy Command 1 = Dummy Command executed BIT 7 Energy Reset 1 =Energy Reset Command executed BIT 8 Dual Set Change 1 = Dual Set Changed 3 BIT BIT BIT BIT BIT BIT BIT BIT 0 Any Alarm / Timing / Warning OR of alarms BIT 1 Any Trip OR of Trips (latched) BIT 2 CB tripped 1 = CB tripped BIT 3 () CB connected / isolated 0 = Isolated, 1 = Connected BIT 4 () CB open/closed 0 = Open, 1 = Closed BIT 5 () CB undefined 1 = Undefined BIT 6 () No communication on Local Bus 1 = No communication on LB BIT 7 Springs charged/discharged 0 = Discharged, 1 = Charged BIT 8 () Trip command fail 1 = Trip command failed BIT 9 () Local / Remote Operating Mode 0 = Local, 1 = Remote BIT 10 Programming OK 1 = Programming OK BIT 11 Programming Fail 1 = Programming Failed BIT 12 Internal Bus programming session 1 = Bus SSI session open BIT 13 Test Bus programming session 1 = Bus Test session open BIT 14 Local Bus programming session 1 = Bus Local session open BIT 15 System Bus programming session 1 = Bus Ext session open BIT 0 () Test Session 1 = Test session open BIT 1 () Test Unit connected 1 = Test unit connected BIT 2 BT unit present 1 = BT unit present 2 33x /3 33x BIT 3 Signaling module present 1 = Signaling module present BIT 4 Dialog unit present 1 = Dialog unit present BIT 5 Measuring unit present 1 = Measuring unit present BIT 6 Display Off for high temp 1 = Display Off BIT 7 Waiting Trigger 1 =Waiting trigger BIT 8 Data logger Triggered 1 = Triggered BIT 9 Data logger stopped 1 = Stopped BIT 10 () Active Dual Set 0 = SET1, 1 = SET2 3 BIT 11 Wink ON 0 = OFF, 1 = ON BIT 12 Signaling Module Input Status 0 = Not active, 1 = Active 2 33x /3 33x BIT 13 KK function 0 = OFF, 1 = ON BIT 14 Waveform session status 1 = Busy 3 BIT 15 Local Bus Digital Input 0 = OFF, 1 = ON Custom Byte N /50

24 Rel addr # of item Name Bit Description Notes STATE 4 ALARM STATE 5 ALARM STATE 6 ALARM PR12x BIT 0 () Harmonic distortion > 2.1 BIT 1 () Contact Wear Pre-alarm BIT 2 () Contact Wear Alarm BIT 3 () L Pre-alarm BIT 4 () L Timing BIT 5 () S Timing S BIT 6 () S2 Timing 3 S BIT 7 () G Timing G BIT 8 () G Alarm (Blocked Trip) G BIT 9 () G Ext Timing G BIT 10 () G Ext Alarm (Blocked Trip) G BIT 11 () T Pre-alarm BIT 12 () T Alarm BIT 13 () T Alarm (Blocked Trip) BIT 14 () D Timing 3 BIT 15 () U Timing BIT 0 () U Alarm (Blocked Trip) BIT 1 () UV Timing BIT 2 () UV Alarm (Blocked Trip) BIT 3 () OV Timing BIT 4 () OV Alarm (Blocked Trip) BIT 5 () RV Timing BIT 6 () RV Alarm (Blocked Trip) BIT 7 () RP Timing BIT 8 () RP Alarm (Blocked Trip) BIT 9 () UF Timing BIT 10 () UF Alarm (Blocked Trip) BIT 11 () OF Timing BIT 12 () OF Alarm (Blocked Trip) BIT 13 () Frequency Error BIT 14 () Iw Warning BIT 15 () LC1 Alarm BIT 0 () LC2 Alarm BIT 1 () L1 Sensor Error BIT 2 () L2 Sensor Error BIT 3 () L3 Sensor Error BIT 4 () Ne Sensor Error BIT 5 () Gext Sensor Error G BIT 6 () SA Error BIT 7 () Rating Plug Error BIT 8 () Installation Error BIT 9 Internal Error BIT 10 () Power Factor Error BIT 11 () Phase Cycle Error BIT 12 Invalid Date BIT 13 () Configuration Error (dip error, neutral setting,.) BIT 14 () CB Status Error 1 = Error BIT 15 Local Bus Analog Value 0 = under/equal threshold 1 = over threshold Custom Byte N /50

25 Rel addr # of item Name Bit Description Notes STATE 7 INPUTS / OUTPUTS STATE 8 LATCHED Note 5 STATE 9 LATCHED Note 5 PR12x BIT 0 Local bus Relay 1 contact 0 = open, 1 = closed BIT 1 Local bus Relay 2 contact 0 = open, 1 = closed BIT 2 Local bus Relay 3 contact 0 = open, 1 = closed BIT 3 Local bus Relay 4 contact 0 = open, 1 = closed BIT BIT 5 Local bus Relay 6 contact 0 = open, 1 = closed BIT 6 Local bus Relay 7 contact 0 = open, 1 = closed BIT 7 Local bus Relay 8 contact 0 = open, 1 = closed BIT 8 Relay P1 contact 0 = open, 1 = closed BIT 9 Relay P2 contact 0 = open, 1 = closed 2 33x /3 33x BIT 10 Relay P3 contact 0 = open, 1 = closed 2 33x /3 33x BIT 11 Relay P4 contact 0 = open, 1 = closed 2 33x /3 33x BIT 12 S zone selectivity input 1 = input active S BIT 13 S zone selectivity output 1 = output active S BIT 14 G zone selectivity input 1 = input active G BIT 15 G zone selectivity output 1 = output active G BIT 0 () L tripped 1 = L trip BIT 1 () S tripped 1 = S trip S BIT 2 () S2 tripped 1 = S2 trip 3 S BIT 3 () I tripped 1 = I trip BIT 4 () Iinst tripped 1 = Iinst trip BIT 5 () G tripped 1 = G trip G BIT 6 () G ext tripped 1 = G ext trip G BIT 7 () T tripped 1 = T trip BIT 8 () D tripped 1 = D trip 3 BIT 9 () UN tripped 1 = UN trip BIT 10 () UV tripped 1 = UV trip BIT 11 () OV tripped 1 = OV trip BIT 12 () RV tripped 1 = RV trip BIT 13 () RP tripped 1 = RP trip BIT 14 () UF tripped 1 = UF trip BIT 15 () OF tripped 1 = OF trip BIT 0 () Electronic Trip Test 1 = electronic trip test BIT 1 () Simulated Trip from Test Unit 1 = simulated trip BIT 2 () External Input Trip 1 = trip from external input 2 33x /3 33x BIT 3 () Hardware Error Trip 1 = trip of Hardware error BIT BIT BIT BIT BIT BIT BIT BIT BIT BIT BIT BIT 15 TRIP command Fail 1= TRIP command Failed 1/ Note 4: GLITCH registers are automatically cleared after reading. Custom Byte N Note 5: LATCHED registers are set when the associated event happens; they are reset only by CB RESET or TRIP RESET commands. 25/50

26 TIME Rel # of addr item Name Description Day Number of days from 31/12/ Hour & minute MSB = Hour, LSB = minute Second Millisecond PR12x Has shown in REGISTERS MAP(3.2), the TIME update could be done only using modbus function 16. In order to modify the Time it is necessary to open the programming session, the data come immediately modified and not at the and of the programming session as it happens for the normal parameters, therefore the abandonment (abort) of the programming session do not cancel the carried out modification It s recommended to update simultaneously all four TIME registers. 4.5 RUN-TIME MEASURES The measure limits shown in column Notes are depicted in MEASURE LIMITS AND REPRESENTATION (6.8). Rel addr # of item Maximum current (rms) [A] Maximum current phase L 1 phase Current (rms) L 2 phase Current (rms) L 3 phase Current (rms) Ne phase Current (rms) Internal Ground current (rms) Name Description Notes 0 Not available, 1 L1, 2 L2, 3 L3, 4 Ne [A] External Ground current (rms) [A *10-2 ] V 1 line to neutral voltage (rms) [V *10-1 ] V 2 line to neutral voltage (rms) [V *10-1 ] V 3 line to neutral voltage (rms) [V *10-1 ] V 0 residual voltage (rms) [V *10-1 ] V 12 line to line voltage (rms) [V *10-1 ] V 23 line to line voltage (rms) [V *10-1 ] V 31 line to line voltage (rms) [V *10-1 ] L 1 phase active power [kw *10-1 ] (signed) L 2 phase active power [kw *10-1 ] (signed) L 3 phase active power [kw *10-1 ] (signed) Total active power [kw *10-1 ] (signed) L 1 phase reactive power [kvar *10-1 ] (signed) L 2 phase reactive power [kvar *10-1 ] (signed) L 3 phase reactive power [kvar *10-1 ] (signed) Total reactive power [kvar *10-1 ] (signed) L 1 phase apparent power [kva *10-1 ] (signed) L 2 phase apparent power [kva *10-1 ] (signed) L 3 phase apparent power [kva *10-1 ] (signed) Total apparent power [kva *10-1 ] (signed) Not available I < I MIN 0 I > I MAX I MAX PR12x Not available 0 Not available I < I MIN 0 I > I MAX I MAX Not available I < I MIN 0 Not available I < I MIN 0 I > I MAX I MAX Not available V < V MIN 0 V > V MAX V MAX Not available P < P MIN 0 P > P MAX P MAX P < -P MAX -P MAX Total power factor [10-2 ] (signed) Not available Frequency [Hz *10-1 ] Not available F < F MIN F MIN F > F MAX F MAX G G. 26/50

27 248 1 L 1 phase peak factor [10-2 ] L 2 phase peak factor [10-2 ] L 3 phase peak factor [10-2 ] Ne phase peak factor [10-2 ] Positive Active Energy [KWh] (signed) Negative Active Energy [KWh] (signed) Total Active Energy [KWh] (signed) Positive Reactive Energy [KVARh] (signed) Negative Reactive Energy [KVARh] (signed) Total Reactive Energy [KVARh] (signed) Total Apparent Energy [KVAh] (signed) 4.6 HARMONIC MEASURES Rel # of addr item Name Description Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) [ ] th Harmonic ratio = 1000 [ ] th Harmonic ratio [ ]... [ ] th Harmonic ratio [ ] Not available E < E > PR12x INFORMATION Rel # of PR12x Name Range Description addr item Slave ID SW version Major + minor Product Standard reference IEC, 1 UL x /3 33x IEC, 1 UL1066, 1 UL x /3 33x /4 pole CB Pole, 1 4 Pole In (nominal current) [A] CB type TAB_CB_TYPE TAB_CB_TYPE 2 33x /3 33x TAB_CB_TYPE_33x TAB_CB_TYPE_33x 2 33x /3 33x CB Serial Number ASCII format characters ASCII format characters Data logger max file Data logger max address Data logger Trigger = None (free running) 1 = Any Alarm 2 = L Timing 3= Any Trip 4 = Custom Day of Data logger trigger Number of days from 31/12/ Hours & minutes of Dlog trigger Hours & minutes MSB = Hours, LSB = minutes Second of Dlog trigger Seconds Millisecond of Dlog trigger Milliseconds Not Used Not Used CB name ASCII format characters 4.8 LOCAL BUS DATA AREA Rel addr # of item Name Range Description Bit Bit = 0 Bit = Accessory Bus status 0x0000 0x Bus Warning OFF Bus Warning ON 1 Bus Alarm OFF Bus Alarm ON 2 1 Digital Input OFF Digital Input ON Analog Value Local Bus Data Area Used by Accessory unit 1 The value is reported in STATE relay. PR12x Local bus data area is an exchange buffer between system bus and devices connected to the accessory bus (e.g. PR035/MM). 4.9 PARAMETERS CONFIGURATION1 Rel addr # of item Name Range Description PR12x. 27/50

28 Product execution LI, 1 LSI, 2 LSIG, 3 LSIRc Relay Serial Number ASCII format characters PARAMETERS CONFIGURATION2 Rel addr # of item Unit configuration Language Neutral selection Ext. ground toroid 0 3 PR12x Bit Bit = 0 Bit = 1 0 Not Used Not Used 1 Local Bus Unit = absent Local Bus Unit = present 2 VT = absent VT = present 3 Neutral Protection = OFF Neutral Protection = ON 4 Power Direction = Top Power Direction = Bottom 5 Neutral Voltage = absent Neutral Voltage = present 6 Operating mode = Local Operating mode = Remote 0 = 1 = ITA 2 = FRA 3 = GER 4 = SPA 0 = 50 % 1 = 100 % 2 = 150 % 3 = 200 % Name Range Description 0x0000 0x003F 0 = 100 A 1 = 250 A 2 = 400 A 3 = 800 A Nominal voltage Un TAB_UN TAB_UN VT secondary voltage Net Frequency Plant Configuration Slave Address (external bus only) Addressing Type (external bus only) Baud rate (external bus only) Protocol Type (external bus only) 0 = 100 V 1 = 110 V 2 = 115 V 3 = 120 V 4 = 200 V 5 = 230 V 0 = 50 Hz 1 = 60 Hz 0 = 3P 1 = 3P+N Ext Toroid Type = standard 1 = ABB 0 = = = E,8,1 1 = O,8,1 2 = N,8,2 3 = N,8,1 0 = None 1 = Source Ground Return 2 = Rc G G. 28/50

29 4.11 PARAMETERS CONFIGURATION3 Rel addr # of item Name Range Description Configuration 0x0000 0x007F PR12x Bit Bit = 0 Bit = 1 0 Par set = set A Par set = set B 3 1 Dual Setting = OFF Dual Setting = ON 3 2 Harm Dist Warn = OFF Harm Dist Warn = ON 3 Phase Rotation Warn Phase Rotation Warn = = OFF ON 3 4 Phase Rotation Cycle Phase Rotation Cycle = = CosFi Module Warning = OFF CosFi Module Warning = ON 6 Dual set CB close disable Set B on CB close 3 7 Dual set Vaux disable Set B on Vaux OFF 3 8 Dual Set Local Bus Set B on Local Bus disable Digital Input ON Measurement store time step 5 [min] min Loc Bus Relays Unit Contact configuration TAB_RELAYS_K51_CONFIG TAB_RELAYS_K51_CONFIG Loc Bus Relay 1 Function TAB_RELAYS_FUNCTION Loc Bus Relay 1 Delay step 0.01 [s] [s*10-2 ] Loc Bus Relay 2 Function TAB_RELAYS_FUNCTION Loc Bus Relay 2 Delay step 0.01 [s] [s*10-2 ] Loc Bus Relay 3 Function TAB_RELAYS_FUNCTION Loc Bus Relay 3 Delay step 0.01 [s] [s*10-2 ] Loc Bus Relay 4 Function TAB_RELAYS_FUNCTION Loc Bus Relay 4 Delay step 0.01 [s] [s*10-2 ] Loc Bus Relay 6 Function TAB_RELAYS_FUNCTION Loc Bus Relay 6 Delay step 0.01 [s] [s*10-2 ] Loc Bus Relay 7 Function TAB_RELAYS_FUNCTION Loc Bus Relay 7 Delay step 0.01 [s] [s*10-2 ] Loc Bus Relay 8 Function TAB_RELAYS_FUNCTION Loc Bus Relay 8 Delay step 0.01 [s] [s*10-2 ] P Relays Contact configuration TAB_P_RELE_CONFIG TAB_P_RELE_CONFIG P1 Function TAB_RELAYS_FUNCTION P1 Delay step 0.01 [s] [s*10-2 ] P2 Function TAB_RELAYS_FUNCTION P2 Delay step 0.01 [s] [s*10-2 ] P3 Function TAB_RELAYS_FUNCTION P3 Delay step 0.01 [s] [s*10-2 ] P4 Function TAB_RELAYS_FUNCTION P4 Delay step 0.01 [s] [s*10-2 ] 2 33x /3 33x Programmable Input 0 = Active low x0000 0x0001 configuration 1 = Active high = Generic 1 = External TRIP 2 = Trip reset Programmable Input = Set B (PR123/P only) Function 4 = Dial Local 5 = Reset Signaling Module 6 = Energy reset Programmable Input Delay step 0.01 [s] [s*10-2 ] 3. 29/50

30 Rel addr # of item Name Range Description Data Logger Configuration 0x0000 0x Data Logger Trigger Type Standard: 0 3 Custom (see RELAYS AND DATA LOGGER CUSTOM SETTING) Standard: 0 = Data Logger = OFF 1 = Data Logger = ON 0 = None (free running) 1 = Any Alarm 2 = L Timing 3 = Any Trip Data Logger Stop Delay step 0.01 [s] [s*10-2 ] Data Logger Frequency = 600 Hz 1 = 1200 Hz 2 = 2400 Hz 3 = 4800 Hz CosFi Module Threshold step [10-2 ] CB TAG name ASCII format characters User data ASCII format characters Dual set CB close time step 0.10 [s] [s*10-2 ] Date of installation CB Number of days from 31/12/ Date of last maintenance CB Number of days from 31/12/ Local Bus Analog Value Threshold Startup current activation threshold step 0.10 [In] [In*10-2 ] PR12x. 30/50

31 4.12 PARAMETERS PROTECTION SET1 / SET2(only PR123/333) The following table shows parameters included in protection SET1 and SET2 areas. Column Rel addr reports SET1 addresses ( ); SET2 addresses ( ) can be obtained adding 100 to SET1 addresses. Rel addr # of item Prot L configuration Name Range Description PR12x Bit Bit = 0 Bit = Thermal memory = Thermal memory = OFF ON 0: I 2 t = k Prot L curve type 0 3 1: 0,14/(i ) 2: 13,5*b/(i-1) 3: 80*b/(i 2-1) Prot L threshold step 0.01 [In] [In*10-2 ] Prot L time step 3 [s] [s*10-2 ] Prot L threshold IEC step 0.01 [In] [In*10-2 ] Prot L time IEC step 3 [s] [s*10-2 ] Prot S configuration Bit Bit = 0 Bit = 1 0 Prot disable Prot enable S Start Up Th Start Up Th = OFF = ON S 3 Zone selectivity Zone selectivity = OFF 4 Thermal memory = OFF Prot S curve type 0 T=k, 1 I 2 t = k Prot S threshold T=k/I step 0.1 [In] [In*10-2 ] Prot S time T=k/I step 0.01[s] 5 80 [s*10-2 ] Prot S threshold T=k step 0.1 [In] [In*10-2 ] Prot S time T=k step 0.01[s] 5 80 [s*10-2 ] Prot S start up threshold step 0,1 [In] [In*10-2 ] Prot S start up time step 0.01 [s] [s*10-2 ] Prot S zone selectivity time step 0.01 [s] 4 20 [s*10-2 ] = ON Thermal memory = ON Bit Bit = 0 Bit = 1 0 Prot disable Prot enable Prot S2 configuration Start Up Th Start Up Th 2 = OFF = ON 3 Zone selectivity Zone selectivity = OFF = ON Prot S2 threshold T=k step 0.1 [In] [In*10-2 ] Prot S2 time T=k step 0.01[s] 5 80 [s*10-2 ] Prot S2 start up threshold step 0,1 [In] [In*10-2 ] Prot S2 start up time step 0.01 [s] [s*10-2 ] Prot S2 zone selectivity time step 0.01 [s] 4 20 [s*10-2 ] S S S S 3 S. 31/50

32 Rel addr # of item Name Range Description PR12x Bit Bit = 0 Bit = 1 0 Prot disable Prot enable Prot D configuration Start Up Th Start Up Th 2 = OFF = ON 3 Zone selectivity Zone selectivity = OFF = ON Prot D threshold step 0.1 [In] [In*10-2 ] Prot D time Forward step 0.01 [s] [s*10-2 ] Prot D time Backward step 0.01 [s] [s*10-2 ] Prot D start up threshold step 0.1 [In] [In*10-2 ] Prot D start up time step 0.01[s] [s*10-2 ] Prot D zone selectivity time step 0.01 [s] [s*10-2 ] Bit Bit = 1 0 Prot disable Prot enable Prot I configuration Start Up Th Start Up Th 2 = OFF = ON Prot I threshold 1,5 15 step 0.1 [In] [In*10-2 ] Prot I start up threshold 1,5 15 step 0.1 [In] [In*10-2 ] Prot I start up time step 0.01[s] [s*10-2 ] Bit Bit = 0 Bit = 1 0 Prot disable Prot enable G 1 Trip disable Trip enable Prot G configuration Start Up Th Start Up Th 2 = OFF = ON G Zone selectivity Zone selectivity 3 = OFF = ON Prot G curve type 0 T=k, 1 I 2 t = k step Prot G threshold T=k/I [In*10 [In] ] Prot G time T=k/I step 0.05 [s] [s*10-2 ] G step Prot G threshold T=k [In*10-2 ] [In] Prot G time T=k step 0.05 [s] [s*10-2 ] Prot G start up threshold step [In*10-2 ] [In] Prot G start up time step 0.01[s] [s*10-2 ] G Prot G zone selectivity time step 0.01 [s] 4 20 [s*10-2 ]. 32/50

33 Rel addr # of item Name Range Description Bit Bit = 0 Bit = 1 0 Prot disable Prot enable 1 Trip disable Trip enable Prot Ext G configuration 2 Start Up Th = OFF Start Up Th = ON 3 Zone selectivity = Zone selectivity = OFF ON Prot Ext G curve type 0 T=k, 1 I 2 t = k Prot Ext G threshold T=k/I step 0.02 [In] [In*10-2 ] Prot Ext G time T=k/I step 0.05 [s] [s*10-2 ] Prot Ext G threshold T=k step 0.02 [In] [In*10-2 ] Prot Ext G time T=k step 0.05 [s] [s*10-2 ] Prot Ext G start up threshold step 0.02 [In] [In*10-2 ] Prot Ext G start up time step 0.01 [s] [s*10-2 ] Prot Ext G zone selectivity time step 0.01 [s] 4 20 [s*10-2 ] Bit Bit = 0 Bit = 1 0 Prot disable Prot enable 1 Trip disable Trip enable Prot U configuration Current selection Voltage selection Prot U threshold 2 90 step 1 [%] 2 90 [%] Prot U time step 0.5 [s] [s*10-2 ] Bit Bit = 0 Bit = 1 0 Prot disable Prot enable Prot UV configuration 1 Trip disable Trip enable Prot UV threshold step 0.01 [Un] [Un*10-2 ] Prot UV time step 0.1 [s] [s*10-2 ] Bit Bit = 0 Bit = 1 0 Prot disable Prot enable Prot OV configuration 1 Trip disable Trip enable Prot OV threshold step 0.01 [Un] [Un*10-2 ] Prot OV time step 0.1 [s] [s*10-2 ] Bit Bit = 0 Bit = 1 0 Prot disable Prot enable Prot RV configuration 1 Trip disable Trip enable Prot RV threshold step 0.05 [Un] [Un*10-2 ] Prot RV time step 0.5 [s] [s*10-2 ] Bit Bit = 0 Bit = 1 0 Prot disable Prot enable Prot RP configuration 1 Trip disable Trip enable Prot RP threshold step 0.02 [Pn t] [-Pn t *10-2 ] Prot RP time step 0.1 [s] [s*10-2 ] PR12x G. 33/50