Painted Finish Considerations of ACM/MCM in Today s Architecture

Transcription

1 Painted inish onsiderations of AM/MM in Today s Architecture

2 Learning Objectives Aluminum and Metal omposite Material Structure of AM/MM inish Options Painted Aluminum Projects American Architectural Manufactures Association (AAMA) Paint Options PVD EVE Application Methods olor Measurement Weathering and Durability Warranties Visual onsistency

3 Aluminum and Metal omposite Materials AM/MM omposite materials are produced by the continuous bonding of two thin (same or similar) metal skins, under heat, pressure, and tension, to either side of a thermoplastic core. The thermoplastic core allows for uniform expansion and contraction of both metal skins ensuring thermal stability and product performance. 3

4 Structure of AM/MM AM lear oat olor oat Primer Surface Treatment Aluminum Skin ore Aluminum Skin Surface Treatment MM Natural Metal Skin ore Natural Metal Skin 4

5 inish Options The options for finishes and surfaces, available with Metal omposite Materials, are always expanding. New finishes are constantly being introduced into the market providing the design community with the ability to create exciting visual effects. Painted AM Solid, Metallic, Mica, Prismatic inishes aux inishes: Stone & Timber Decorative: Brushed, Reflective Two olor Anodized olors/natural Metal Skins (The anodized / natural metal finishes are detailed in a separate AIA presentation) Anodized, opper, Zinc, Stainless Steel, Titanium 5

6 Painted Aluminum Solid olor: 2 oat Primer/olor oat Mica: 2 oat Primer/olor with Mica lake Metallic: 3 oat Primer/olor oat With Aluminum/Mica lake / lear oat Prismatic: 3 oat Primer/olor oat/lear oat with Specialized Mica lake 6

7 Painted Aluminum Stone/Timber: 3 oat + Image Transfer Layer Primer/olor Base oat/image Transfer Layer/lear oat Decorative: 1 oat lear oat over a Specially Treated Aluminum oil 2-olor: 3 oat Primer/olor oat/partial Web olor oat 7

8 Solid olor St. Mary's Medical Office Building 8

9 Mica Atlantic ord 9

10 Metallic Bethel Korean hurch 10

11 Prismatic oss Y Leon Office Building 11

12 Stone/Timber &M Store 12

13 Decorative Mark Sweeney Buick/GM Dealership 13

14 Two olor Jiffy Lube 14

15 American Architectural Manufacturers Association (AAMA) Establishes voluntary standards for building materials and systems performance. AAMA 2603, AAMA 2604 and AAMA 2605 apply to coatings which are coil or spray applied and oven cured. AAMA 2605 is the most commonly referenced architectural standard. AAMA 620 was previously for coil coating and is to be obsolete 15

16 Paint Options There are three basic families of paints which are commonly used for building panels: Urethanes Polyesters luoropolymers 16

17 Urethanes Urethanes are generally spray applied and not coil coated Paint is cured by chemical cross-linking of the resin chains Paint achieves bright colors and high gloss, but weaker performance compared to polyester paints Generally this paint meets AAMA 2603 performance standard 17

18 Polyesters Utilize polyester and melamine resins Paint is cured by chemical cross linking of the resin chains Three types of Polyesters: Basic Siliconized; Silicone is added to improve weatherability and durability igh Performance; Various additives are introduced to further improve paint performance Paint achieves bright colors and high gloss, but weaker performance compared to fluoropolymer paints Generally this paint meets AAMA 2603 performance standard Some igh Performance polyesters can meet AAMA

19 luoropolymer (PVD + EVE) Latest of the paint systems to be introduced Two basic paint types: irst Generation: PVD Second Generation: EVE Resins contain a carbon () and fluorine () bond. The strength of this bond provides exceptional weatherability and durability based on high ultraviolet light and chemical resistance. These paints meets AAMA 2605 performance standard. Only exception is when PVD paint ratio is less than 70% PVD resin This paint only meets AAMA

20 luoropolymer PVD PVD: Poly Vinylidene luoride Polymer made of a chain of identical monomers Patented in 1948 Resin based paints introduced in the 1960 s 20

21 luoropolymer PVD PVD: Poly Vinylidene luoride At full strength, PVD based paints are a dispersion of 70% PVD resin and 30% acrylic resin Acrylic resin is necessary in order to formulate PVD into a coating As the ratio of PVD to acrylic resin drops the crystallinity in the paint film and the performance of the paint drops off rapidly The crystallinity is what gives the paint film it s excellent durability properties 21

22 luoropolymer PVD PVD: Poly Vinylidene luoride The paint film is created by fusing the PVD at high temperatures. No cross-linking with the acrylic resin occurs. Under high temperature and pressure the paint film can remelt. Thermoplastic - Thermally fused The PVD acts as a matting agent in the acrylic resin. Gloss, as measured by a 60 degree gloss meter is limited to a 30 to 40 range. Because of the opaque nature of the dispersion the color palette is somewhat muted and limited in selection/offering. 22

23 23 luoropolymer PVD PVD: Poly Vinylidene luoride Poly Vinylidene luoride A luorocarbon Monomer Acrylic Resin 70% by weight A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A 30% by weight

24 luoropolymer EVE EVE: luoroethylene Vinyl Ether opolymer made of a chain of alternating fluoroethylene (E) and vinyl ether (VE) monomers Introduced in 1982 by ASAI Glass 24

25 luoropolymer EVE EVE: luoroethylene Vinyl Ether These paints are a homogeneous solution of 100% EVE resin. The fluorocarbon component of the system is integral to the base resin backbone. R groups are chemical molecules attached to the resin backbone to give the paint film specific enhanced performance attributes. 25

26 luoropolymer EVE EVE: luoroethylene Vinyl Ether The paint film is formed by cross linking the resin chains. The paint film, once set, will not remelt under high temperatures and pressures. Thermoset hemically rosslinked Since the fluorocarbon component is integral to the resin s backbone it does not act as a matting agent and 60 degree glosses ranging from 30 to as high as 70 can be achieved. The resin is translucent and allows for an extensive, bright / clean, color palette including brighter - cleaner finishes. 26

27 luoropolymer EVE EVE: luoroethylene Vinyl Ether E VE X O X O X O X O R1=larity, gloss and hardness R2=lexibility R3=ross-linking site R4=Pigment compatibility R1 R2 R3 R4 luoroethylene Vinyl Ether E VE E VE E VE E VE E VE E VE E VE E VE E VE E luoroethylene VE Vinyl Ether 27

28 luoropolymer PVD + EVE EVE PVD EVE Resins 100% EVE lear resin omogenous Solution Gloss range Wide color range Muted & bright colors Thermoset PVD Resins 70% PVD + Acrylic Milky resin Dispersion solution Gloss range Moderate color range Muted colors only Thermoplastic 28

29 Application Methods Spray oil oating Roll oating Die oating 29

30 Application Methods Spray Typical single sheet batch process Low volume and speed Low control over paint thickness oil oating Roll oating Method igh volume and continuous process Good control over paint thickness Quality coating, roping marks normal Low coating investment Die oating Method igh volume and continuous process Excellent control over paint thickness Smoothest coating possible Expensive coating investment 30

31 olor Measurement L=100 olor is measured in 3 dimensions The L axis measures light to dark The a axis measures red to green The b axis measures blue to yellow Delta E or DE combines the offsets in all three planes to one number. The higher the number the greater the color shift. DE is an absolute value so it can not be plus or minus. L,a,b olor Space -a -b +b +a L=0 31

32 Weathering + Durability of Paint inishes Paint performance is based on chemical and ultraviolet light resistance. Real time South lorida exposure is the standard test method for determining a paint systems durability. Accelerated testing can be used as a relative comparison of products. The translation of accelerated testing to real time performance is a matter of much debate. 32

33 Weathering + Durability of Paint inishes Accelerated Testing: Some test equipment exposes the samples to an intense level of light which incorporates the short wavelength ultraviolet portion of the spectrum. arbon Arc, QUVA, QUVB, Xenon Arc, etc. EMMAQUA testing uses banks of mirrors in the Arizona Desert to focus the sun light on a small sample, exposing the sample to a concentrated dose of natural sunlight while also providing sample cooling. 33

34 Weathering + Durability of Paint inishes The three main quantitative measures of a paint systems durability performance are: % Gloss Retention: When the surface of the paint film begins to break down the gloss will tend to decrease. The % of gloss retention measures the integrity of the surface of the paint film. QUVB % GLOSS RETENTION BLUE hr 500 hr 1000 hr 1500 hr 2000 hr 2500 hr 3000 hr 3500 hr 4000 hr 4500 hr 5000 hr P Polyester Sapphire Blue P Polyester hevron Blue EVE Sapphire Blue EVE hevron Blue

35 Weathering + Durability of Paint inishes olor Retention: The exposure to the UV light and some chemicals can degrade the pigments causing the color to fade. This is measured as the distance between the color of the sample prior to and after testing in a 3-dimensional color space. It is expressed as Delta E. QUVB DELTA E BLUE hr 500 hr 1000 hr 1500 hr 2000 hr 2500 hr 3000 hr 3500 hr 4000 hr 4500 hr 5000 hr P Polyester Sapphire Blue P Polyester hevron Blue EVE Sapphire Blue EVE hevron Blue

36 Weathering + Durability of Paint inishes halking: As the paint degrades the surface of the paint develops a white powder. This is wiped with a black cloth and compared to a series of visual standards from ASTM D4214 Standard Method for Evaluating the Degree of halking. A number 8 indicates minimal chalking and a number 2 indicates high level of chalking. No. 8 No. 6 No. 4 No. 2 36

37 Weathering + Durability (AAMA) Attribute AAMA 2603 Basic Pigmented oatings AAMA 2604 igh Performance oatings AAMA 2605 Superior oatings Gloss Retention No specification 5 Years 30% 10 Years 30% olor Retention Slight hange 5 Year ade Delta E 5 10 Year ade Delta E 5 halking 1 Year halk 8 5 Year halk 8 10 Year halk 8 olors 6 White 37

38 Warranties (luoropolymer Paint inishes) Panel Warranties: Typically issued from 2 to 10 years Addresses panel integrity inish Warranties: Typically issued for 10 years (AAMA2605) year warranties are available based on paint color, product type, and location Addresses olor ade DE 5 and halk 8 Not all warranties are created equal. Not only the number of years but also performance limits should be reviewed. 38

39 Visual onsistency (olor Variation) Lot to Lot Variation: Due to differences in pigmentation lots and variations in the process of the paint manufacturing and coating there will be variation between panels produced at different times and from different paint lots. This variation is more pronounced in coatings using flake finishes (Metallic, Mica, and Prismatic) Typical acceptance limits for lot to lot variation are: Solids: Delta E 1.0 oatings containing flakes: Delta E 2.5 It is good practice to not mix lots on one elevation of a building. 39

40 Visual onsistency (Directionality) AM materials are manufactured with directional arrows on the surface s protective film and on the back skin. It is recommended to have all panels installed with the directional arrows aligned in the same direction. This is a very important consideration with reference to flake finishes, as appearance may not be consistent. On some specific projects, the panels were purposely placed in a different orientation as a design element utilizing the expected appearance difference. 40

41 Questions?