Three-Dimensional Media. 3D Sculpture

Transcription

1 Three-Dimensional Media 3D Sculpture Additive vs Subtractive Assemblage Readymades Earthworks Installation Performance Light Sculptures Kinetic

2 Free-standing vs Relief Sculpture Bas Reliefs (low) & High Reliefs are based on the amount of ground carved away. Free-standing are sculpture which you can walk around. It has a front, sides, back top and/or bottom. Relief sculptures are still attached to a background surface, yet protrudes outwards.

3 Subtractive Sculpture - Carving Subtractive sculpture is a taking away or carving of solid material. It is more difficult than additive sculpture because there is little room for error. What materials are solid and came be carved? Myron Discobolus 450 BCE Marble life-size Colossal Buddha Bamiyan, Afghanistan 5th Century CE Stone 175 H Destroyed by the Taliban 2001 Ancestor Poles New Guinea, Melanesian, Amsat tribe 1960 wood tallest pole 17 11

4 Free-standing Sculpture Contrapposto means counter-balance in Italian. Notice how David is balance on one leg with some extra support behind it. Solid mass sculptures were quite top heavy and needed additional weight at the base so it wouldn t fall over. Kouros is standing quite straight because contrapposto wasn t a part of the Greek s design capabilities. Notice the size of the contrapposto on the last slide on Discobolus. Greek Kouros 600 BCE 6 h Michelangelo David ½ h

5 Additive Sculpture Modeling Modeling clay with hand and fingers is one form of additive sculpture. Until the clay is dried and fired, it can be put on and taken away. Plenty of room to fix errors. Clay is moistened Earth found along riverbeds and in deep pockets of the Earth. It is a very sensuous natural material to work with and young children to seniors enjoy the versatility of clay. Additive Sculpture Clay modeling

6 Additive Sculpture Casting Casting is another form of additive sculpture. Lost-wax casting has many steps to create a hollow metal sculpture. First, a piece is created out of a waxy clay and then a mold is made to cast liquefied metal. After the metal hardens, the mold is taken away and the metal is covered with a patina to protect it from the elements. Steps in the lost-wax casting process Additive Sculpture Bronze casting

7 Additive Sculpture Assembling or Constructing Assembling material together is a process of additive sculpture. One can nail, glue, weld, tape, sew, etc. different shapes and materials together. Pablo Picasso Violin 1915 painted sheet metal Alexander Calder The Brass Family 1927 Brass wire & painted wood 66 3/8 x 40 x 8

8 Assemblage An Assemblage is a combination of used or found objects, put together to create a new form and meaning. Pablo Picasso made many assemblages in the 20 th Century. Figure 1935 Pablo Picasso Bull s Head 1943 Head 1931

9 Modern Materials & Methods Assemblage / Found Objects Louise Nevelson Dawn s Wedding Chapel 1959 glued & painted objects Tony Smith Minister 1987 stacked recyclables

10 Readymades As a modern approach to sculpture, Marcel Duchamp placed store bought objects created by someone else on display and called it art. He did not make these forms, but he claimed them as his own works of art, simply because he stated they were art. This idea was controversial. Yet helped to break boundaries in the art world on what could be considered a work of art. Readymades require little or no assembling. Fountain 1917 Bottle Rack 1914 Bicycle Wheel 1913

11 Earthworks Starting in the 1970s, artists turned outdoors to sculpting the Earth and to utilize the sun. Earthworks are still created today, in both permanent and temporary forms. Charles Ross Solar Burn 1979 Marco Evaristti The Ice Cube Project 2004 Greenland

12 Installations Installations occupy an entire room. A viewer participates more within an installation than a work of art hanging on a wall or a sculpture to walk around. Barbara Kruger Power Pleasure Desire Disgust 1997 Jonathan Borofsky Hammering Man H Kara Walker Insurrection 2000

13 In the 1960s & 70s, artist started short performances as a new form of art. These are different than a play or performance on a stage. Performance Art Performance art is still currently created. Joseph Beuys I Like America and America Likes Me 1974 Yoko Ono Cut Piece 1964

14 Donald Judd Untitled Fluorescent tubing Light Sculpture As man has invented different light bulbs, artists have seen new and different possibilities of man-made lighting as a medium. Bruce Nauman Punch & Judy (Slap in the Face, Kick in the Groin) 1985 Neon lights Erwin Redl Matrix II 2006 LED lights

15 Kinetic sculpture has a moving component to it. Kinetic Sculpture To make art move, one might use the wind, water, gravity, electric motors, heat, force, etc. Kinetic can also be the viewer moving around or with the piece. It adds another dimension to the work of art and also something which can break. Alexander Calder Ordinary 1969 Painted steel 19 x /16 x 19 Celeste Boursier-Mougenot Untitled, Series #3 2001