Japanese-American Relocation Center Newsletters,

Transcription

1 Japanese-American Relocation Center Newsletters, Overview of the Collection Creator United States. War Relocation Authority Title Japanese-American Relocation Center Newsletters Dates (inclusive) Quantity 1 linear foot, (2 boxes) : 14 newsletters Collection Number MSS 16 Summary This collection includes 14 different titles (newsletters) from Japanese American relocation centers located in the United States from Repository Western Oregon University Archives Hamersly Library 345 N. Monmouth Ave. Monmouth, OR Telephone: Fax: libarchives@wou.edu Access Restrictions Collection is available for research Languages Sponsor English, Japanese Funding for encoding this finding aid was provided, in part, by a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities. Historical Note After the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor in December 1941, domestic policies and orders issued by the United States were formulated around avoiding future threats. This was especially prevalent along the Pacific Coast, where both citizens and government feared potential attacks. After receiving calls for the removal of Japanese citizens from Secretary of War Henry Stimson and local leaders on the West Coast, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066 on February 19, This order led to the assembly and evacuation and relocation of nearly 122,000 men, women, and children of Japanese ancestry on the west coast of the United States. Most people evacuated under Executive Order 9066 were United States citizens that had never previously displayed any actions that were considered disloyal. To enforce the Executive Order, the War Relocation Authority (WRA) was created in March 1942 to provide for the removal from designated areas of persons whose removal is necessary in the interests of national security. Designated people included ancestry considered to be a threat to the United States during World War II Japanese, German, and Italian Americans. The WRA evacuated citizens from their homes in California, Oregon, and Washington and removed them to assembly centers, relocation centers, and internment camps among desolated areas throughout the United States. Relocation centers were mostly located in the western states (California, Idaho, Wyoming, 1

2 Colorado, Utah, and Arizona) but also in Arkansas. Once in place, the WRA supervised all activities, living conditions, and employment of internees. During internment, families worked, studied, and lived their lives in small quarters of the relocation centers. These camps, some of which housed up to 8,000 people, functioned as small communities. The United States government provided medical care, schooling, food, and shelter to internees. Adults often held employment at their camp in food service, agriculture, medical clinics, teachers, and other jobs required for daily life. Living conditions inside of the centers and camps were partially documented through local newsletters and newspapers created within each location. The writers and editors for these local papers were primarily Japanese-American internees. These newspapers occasionally included an article from the camp s director. While these newsletters were written and edited by Japanese-American internees, these publications existed with funding and oversight of the WRA. These newsletters were intended to provide an account of daily happenings to the residents of these camps. The newspapers purposely did not recount particular hardships internees faced in the camps. Newspapers were printed in both English and Japanese. Japanese-Americans lived at these relocation centers until 1944, when President Roosevelt rescinded Executive Order 9066 and began a six month process of shutting down the camps. Internees were returned to normal living conditions over the next two years. Almost one year after the completion of World War II, the government shut down the last relocation center, Tule Lake, located in northern California, in March Content Description This collection includes newsletters from Japanese American relocation centers located in the United States from The collection includes 14 titles from throughout the United States, including 8 of the 10 relocation centers in California, Utah, Arizona, Colorado, Wyoming, Arkansas, and New York. One title in particular, Topez Times from Utah, makes up half of this collection. Newsletters are written both in English and in Japanese. Topics range from children and families, education, sports and recreation, and daily life in relocation camps. Some of the newsletters are published by the War Relocation Authority and feature articles written by people outside of the centers, while others circulated within relocation centers, written by internees. Use of the Collection Restrictions on Use For further information, see the Western Oregon University Archives Research Rules. Copyright Information: Researchers are hereby cautioned that materials within archival and manuscript collections may be protected by copyright laws (Title 17, U.S. code). Researchers who plan to eventually publish their work are responsible to inquire about publication restrictions before beginning their research. Researchers wishing to quote from materials in any collections held by University Archives should consult the University Archivist. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original. Preferred Citation 2

3 Japanese-American Relocation Center Newsletters, MSS 16, Western Oregon University Archives Administrative Information Arrangement The collection is arranged by the title of the newsletter, then chronologically. Processing Note Reprocessed by Erin Passehl in Detailed Description of the Collection Container(s) Description Dates Box Folder Volume 3, Issue 14 Volume 3, Issue 17 Volume 3, Issue 19 Volume 3, Issue 28 Volume 3, Issue 29 Volume 3, Issue 30 Volume 3, Issue 31 Volume 3, Issue 32 Volume 3, Issue August August August August August August August August August

4 Volume 3, Issue 35 Volume 3, Issue 40 Volume 3, Issue 41 Volume 3, Issue 42 Volume 3, Issue 43 Volume 3, Issue 50 Volume 3, Issue 89 Volume 4, Issue 1 Volume 4, Issue 16 Volume 4, Issue 37 Volume 5, Issue 50 Volume 5, Issue 54 Volume 5, Issue 55 Volume 5, Issue 57 Volume 5, Issue August September September September September September October November December January May May May May May

5 Volume 5, Issue 58 Volume 5, Issue 59 Volume 5, Issue 61 Volume 5, Issue 62 Volume 5, Issue 63 Volume 5, Issue 64 Volume 5, Issue 65 Volume 5, Issue 67 Volume 5, Issue May May May June June June June June June Denson Jiho 1943 May Denson Jiho 1943 June Denson Tribune Volume 2, Issue Denson Tribune Volume 2, Issue Desert Sentinel Volume 1, Issue Desert Sentinel Volume 1, Issue February February December June

6 1 4 Gila News-Courier 1943 May Gila News-Courier Volume 2, Issue May Gila News-Courier 1943 May Gila News-Courier 1943 May Gila News-Courier 1943 May Gila News-Courier 1943 May Gila News-Courier 1943 May Gila News-Courier 1943 May Gila News-Courier 1943 May Gila News-Courier 1943 May Gila News-Courier 1943 June Gila News-Courier 1943 June Gila News-Courier 1943 June Gila News-Courier Volume 2, Issue Gila News-Courier Volume 1, Issue June June Gila News-Courier 1943 September Gila News-Courier Volume 1, Issue Granada Pioneer Volume 1, Issue December November 7 6

7 1 5 Granada Pioneer Volume 1, Issue Granada Pioneer Volume 1, Issue Heart Mountain Sentinel Volume 2, Issue Hi School News Volume 1, Issue Information Bulletin Issue Manzanar Free Press Volume 1, Issue Manzanar Free Press Volume 4, Issue Poston Chronicle Volume 2, Issue Poston Chronicle Volume 2, Issue Poston Chronicle Volume 16, Issue Poston Chronicle Volume 2, Issue Poston Chronicle Volume 2, Issue Resettlement Bulletin Volume 1, Issue November May February November June June September August November December December December February 1 11 Resettlement Bulletin 1944 April 1 12 Rohwer Outpost Volume 3, Issue December 6 7

8 1 12 Rohwer Outpost Volume 3, Issue December Topaz Times 1942 September Topaz Times 1942 September Topaz Times 1942 September Topaz Times 1942 October Topaz Times 1942 October Topaz Times 1942 October Topaz Times 1942 October Topaz Times 1942 October Topaz Times 1942 October Topaz Times 1942 October Topaz Times 1942 October Topaz Times 1942 October Topaz Times 1942 October Topaz Times 1942 October Topaz Times 1942 October

9 Topaz Times 1942 November Topaz Times 1942 November Topaz Times 1942 November

10 2 14 Topaz Times 1942 November Topaz Times 1942 November

11 Topaz Times 1943 January Topaz Times 1943 January

12 2 14 Topaz Times 1943 January Topaz Times 1943 January Topaz Times 1943 January Topaz Times 1943 January Topaz Times 1943 January Topaz Times 1943 January Topaz Times 1943 January Topaz Times 1943 January Topaz Times 1943 January Topaz Times 1943 January Topaz Times 1943 January Topaz Times 1943 January Topaz Times 1943 January Topaz Times 1943 January Topaz Times 1943 January Topaz Times 1943 January Topaz Times 1943 January Topaz Times 1943 January Topaz Times 1943 January Topaz Times 1943 January Topaz Times 1943 January

13 2 14 Topaz Times 1943 January Topaz Times 1943 January Topaz Times 1943 February Topaz Times 1943 February Topaz Times 1943 February

14 Topaz Times 1943 March Topaz Times 1943 March Topaz Times 1943 March Topaz Times 1943 March Topaz Times 1943 March Topaz Times 1943 March Topaz Times 1943 March Topaz Times 1943 March

15 2 15 Topaz Times 1943 March Topaz Times 1943 March Topaz Times 1943 March Topaz Times 1943 March Topaz Times 1943 March Topaz Times 1943 March Topaz Times 1943 March Topaz Times 1943 March Topaz Times 1943 March Topaz Times 1943 March Topaz Times 1943 March Topaz Times 1943 March Topaz Times 1943 March Topaz Times 1943 March Topaz Times 1943 April Topaz Times 1943 April Topaz Times 1943 April Topaz Times 1943 April Topaz Times 1943 April Topaz Times 1943 April Topaz Times 1943 April

16 2 16 Topaz Times 1943 April Topaz Times 1943 April Topaz Times 1943 April Topaz Times 1943 April Topaz Times 1943 April Topaz Times 1943 April Topaz Times 1943 April Topaz Times 1943 April Topaz Times 1943 April Topaz Times 1943 May Topaz Times 1943 May Topaz Times 1943 May Topaz Times 1943 May Topaz Times 1943 May Topaz Times 1943 May Topaz Times 1943 May Topaz Times 1943 May Topaz Times 1943 May Topaz Times 1943 May Topaz Times 1943 May Topaz Times 1943 May

17 2 17 Topaz Times 1943 June Topaz Times 1943 June Topaz Times 1943 June Topaz Times 1943 June Topaz Times 1943 June Topaz Times 1943 June Topaz Times 1943 June 24 Names and Subjects Subject Terms : Committee on Resettlement of Japanese Americans Japanese Americans--California--Newspapers Japanese Americans--Evacuation and relocation, Japanese Americans--Utah--Evacuation and relocation, Newspapers United States.; War Relocation Authority World War, Japanese Americans -- Newspapers World War, Japanese Americans--Periodicals Corporate Names : Central Utah Relocation Center Gila River Relocation Center Granada Relocation Center Heart Mountain Relocation Center (Wyo.) Manzanar Assembly Center (Calif.) Manzanar War Relocation Center Tule Lake Relocation Center United States.; War Relocation Authority Geographical Names : Amache (Colo.)--Newspapers Denson (Ark.)--Newspapers Manzanar (Calif.)--Newspapers McGehee (Ark.)--Newspapers Newell (Calif.)--Newspapers Poston (Ariz.)--Newspapers Rivers (Ariz.) -Newspapers Topaz (Utah)--Newspapers Form or Genre Terms : Newsletters Periodicals 17

18 Titles within the Collection : Daily Tulean Dispatch Denson Jiho Denson Tribune Desert Sentinel Gila News-Courier Granada Pioneer Heart Mountain Sentinel Hi School News Information Bulletin Manzanar Free Press Poston Chronicle Resettlement Bulletin Rohwer Outpost Topaz Times Other Creators : Corporate Names : Committee on Resettlement of Japanese Americans (creator) Finding aid prepared by Erin Passehl and Joshua R. Griffin