EMBA. Linear Structure Relation (LISREL) analysis using Structure Equation Model (SEM) by AMOS

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1 EMBA The Moderating Effects of Social Capital and Entrepreneurial Orientation on the Relationships between Management Capability, Innovation, and Organizational Effectiveness Linear Structure Relation (LISREL) analysis using Structure Equation Model (SEM) by AMOS R R R R R R

2 . SEM ( BRM_factor_chen.sav) 2. social capital ( qcl_2 ) competing model SEM 2 Kit_f Kic_f Kis_f infrastructure capability in in2 in3 in4 Eo_f Eo_f2 Eo_f3 Entrepreneurial orientation Innovation Organizational Oe_f Oe_f2 process capability Kpac_f Kpc_f Kpap_f Kpp_f : The Structural Equation Model 2 5 SEM

3 AMOS e6 e4 e5 EO_F3 EO_F EO_F2 e7 Entrepreneurial orientation e8 e KIS_F e2 KIC_F infrastructure process e3 KIT_F e IN4 Innovation e2 e9 IN e3 IN3 e4 Organizational e20 IN2 OE_F OE_F2 e5 e6 KPAC_F KPP_F KPC_F KPAP_F e0 e9 e8 e7 BRM_ factor_chen.sav Finished 3 5 SEM

4 View Spreadsheets Regression Weights: (Group number - Default model) Estimate S.E. C.R. P Label _infrastructure_ <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation *** par_0 _process_ <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation *** par_ Innovation <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation *** par_9 Innovation <--- _process_ par_3 Innovation <--- _infrastructure_ par_6 Organizational_ <--- Innovation *** par_2 Organizational_ <--- _infrastructure_ par_7 Organizational_ <--- _process_ par_8 KIS_F <--- _infrastructure_.000 KIC_F <--- _infrastructure_ *** par_ KIT_F <--- _infrastructure_ *** par_2 EO_F <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation.000 EO_F3 <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation *** par_3 KPAP_F <--- _process_.000 KPC_F <--- _process_ *** par_4 KPP_F <--- _process_ *** par_5 KPAC_F <--- _process_ *** par_6 IN3 <--- Innovation *** par_7 OE_F <--- Organizational_.000 OE_F2 <--- Organizational_ *** par_8 IN4 <--- Innovation.000 IN2 <--- Innovation *** par_4 IN <--- Innovation *** par_5 EO_F2 <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation *** par_9 IN2(.022) e6 e4 e5 EO_F3 EO_F EO_F2 e7 Entrepreneurial orientation e8 e KIS_F e2 KIC_F infrastructure process e3 KIT_F e IN2 Innovation e2 e9 IN e3 IN3 e4 Organizational e20 IN4 OE_F OE_F2 e5 e6 KPAC_F KPP_F KPC_F KPAP_F e0 e9 e8 e7 4 5 SEM

5 Regression Weights: (Group number - Default model) Estimate S.E. C.R. P Label _infrastructure_ <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation *** par_0 _process_ <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation *** par_ Innovation <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation *** par_9 Innovation <--- _process_ par_3 Innovation <--- _infrastructure_ par_6 Organizational_ <--- Innovation *** par_2 Organizational_ <--- _infrastructure_ par_7 Organizational_ <--- _process_ par_8 KIS_F <--- _infrastructure_.000 KIC_F <--- _infrastructure_ *** par_ KIT_F <--- _infrastructure_ *** par_2 EO_F <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation.000 EO_F3 <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation *** par_3 KPAP_F <--- _process_.000 KPC_F <--- _process_ *** par_4 KPP_F <--- _process_ *** par_5 KPAC_F <--- _process_ *** par_6 IN3 <--- Innovation *** par_7 OE_F <--- Organizational_.000 OE_F2 <--- Organizational_ *** par_8 IN2 <--- Innovation.000 IN4 <--- Innovation *** par_4 IN <--- Innovation *** par_5 EO_F2 <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation *** par_9 Modification indices M.I. M.I. 0 M.I. 0 e2 e5 Modification Indices (Group number - Default model) Covariances: (Group number - Default model) M.I. Par Change e7 <--> e e20 <--> e e5 <--> e e4 <--> e e3 <--> e e3 <--> e e3 <--> e e3 <--> e e2 <--> e e2 <--> e e <--> e e <--> e e0 <--> e e7 <--> e e6 <--> e e4 <--> e e4 <--> e e3 <--> e e3 <--> e e2 <--> e e6 e4 e5 EO_F3 EO_F EO_F2 e7 Entrepreneurial orientation e8 KPAC_F e0 e KIS_F e2 KIC_F infrastructure process KPP_F e9 KPC_F e8 e3 KIT_F KPAP_F e7 e IN2 Innovation e9 e2 IN e3 IN3 Organizational e20 e4 IN4 OE_F OE_F2 e5 e6 5 5 SEM

6 Computation of degrees of freedom (Default model) Number of distinct sample moments: 36 Number of distinct parameters to be estimated: 4 Degrees of freedom (36-4): 95 Minimum was achieved CMIN Model NPAR CMIN DF P CMIN/DF Default model Saturated model Independence model Regression Weights: (Group number - Default model) Regression Weights: (Group number - Default model) Estimate S.E. C.R. P Label _infrastructure_ <---Entrepreneurial_orientation *** par_0 _process_ <---Entrepreneurial_orientation *** par_ Innovation <---Entrepreneurial_orientation *** par_9 Innovation <---_process_ par_3 Innovation <---_infrastructure_ par_6 Organizational_ <---Innovation *** par_2 Organizational_ <---_infrastructure_ par_7 Organizational_ <---_process_ par_8 KIS_F <---_infrastructure_.000 KIC_F <---_infrastructure_ *** par_ KIT_F <---_infrastructure_ *** par_2 EO_F <---Entrepreneurial_orientation.000 EO_F3 <---Entrepreneurial_orientation *** par_3 KPAP_F <---_process_.000 KPC_F <---_process_ *** par_4 KPP_F <---_process_ *** par_5 KPAC_F <---_process_ *** par_6 IN3 <---Innovation *** par_7 OE_F <---Organizational_.000 OE_F2 <---Organizational_ *** par_8 IN2 <---Innovation.000 IN4 <---Innovation *** par_4 IN <---Innovation *** par_5 EO_F2 <---Entrepreneurial_orientation *** par_9 Standardized Regression Weights: (Group number - Default model) Estimate _infrastructure_ <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation.783 _process_ <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation.834 Innovation <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation.066 Innovation <--- _process_ -.57 Innovation <--- _infrastructure_.00 Organizational_ <--- Innovation.767 Organizational_ <--- _infrastructure_.58 Organizational_ <--- _process_.09 KIS_F <--- _infrastructure_.868 KIC_F <--- _infrastructure_.805 KIT_F <--- _infrastructure_.672 EO_F <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation.88 EO_F3 <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation.75 KPAP_F <--- _process_.90 KPC_F <--- _process_.90 KPP_F <--- _process_ SEM

7 Estimate KPAC_F <--- _process_.86 IN3 <--- Innovation.80 OE_F <--- Organizational_.938 OE_F2 <--- Organizational_.70 IN2 <--- Innovation.854 IN4 <--- Innovation.769 IN <--- Innovation.770 EO_F2 <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation.606 Modification Indices (Group number - Default model) Covariances: (Group number - Default model) M.I. Par Change e7 <-->e e20 <-->e e5 <-->e e5 <-->e e3 <-->e e3 <-->e e3 <-->e e3 <-->e e2 <-->e e <-->e e <-->e e0 <-->e e7 <-->e e6 <-->e e6 <-->e e6 <-->e e4 <-->e e4 <-->e e3 <-->e e3 <-->e e2 <-->e Regression Weights: (Group number - Default model) M.I. Par Change OE_F <--- EO_F KPAC_F<--- IN Minimization History (Default model) Iteration Negative Smallest Condition # eigenvalues eigenvalue Diameter F NTries Ratio 0 e e e* e* e e e e e e e SEM

8 Model Fit Summary CMIN Chi-square CMIN/DF minimum value of discrepancy GFI goodness of fit index AGFI adjust goodness of fit index NFI normed fit index CFI comparative fit index RMR root mean square residual F 0 estimate of F 0 RMSEA root mean square error of approximation RFI relative fit index IFI incremental fit index ECVI expect for a constant scale factor 0.05<p< > GFI > > > < % RMR < > > % SEM

9 Standardized Regression Weights: (Group number - Default model) Standardized Coefficients Regression Weights: (Group number - Default model) C. R. : The Results of Structure Equation Model Relations Standardized C. R. Coefficients Eo_f.88 - Entrepreneurial orientation Eo_f2.606 *** Eo_f3.75 *** Kit_f.672 *** 7.69 infrastructure capability Kic_f.805 *** Kis_f Kpac_f.86 *** Variables process capability Kpc_f.90 *** Kpap_f.90 - Kpp_f.797 ***.466 In.770 *** Innovation In In3.80 *** In4.769 *** Organizational Oe_f Oe_f2.70 *** Entrepreneurial orientation.783 *** infrastructure capability Entrepreneurial orientation process.834 *** capability Entrepreneurial orientation Innovation.066 *** Paths infrastructure capability Innovation process capability Innovation infrastructure capability Organizational process capability Organizational Innovation Organizational.767 *** 6.79 Chi-Square (p=.000) Degree of freedom (d. f.) 95 Fit index Chi-Square/ d. f..708 GFI.85 AGFI.786 RMR SEM

OE_F OE_F2 e5 e6 KPAC_F KPP_F KPC_F KPAP_F e0 e9 e8 e7 Manage Groups Groups Groups BRM_

10 AMOS e6 e4 e5 EO_F3 EO_F EO_F2 e7 Entrepreneurial orientation e8 e KIS_F e2 KIC_F infrastructure process e3 KIT_F e IN4 Innovation e2 e9 IN e3 IN3 e4 Organizational e20 IN2 OE_F OE_F2 e5 e6 KPAC_F KPP_F KPC_F KPAP_F e0 e9 e8 e7 Manage Groups Groups Groups BRM_ factor_chen.sav Grouping Variable Qcl2 Groups Group Value 40/6 76/6 Critical ratios for differences Finished 0 5 SEM

View Spreadsheets Social Capital C.R Label par_x (ex. KIT_F par_), Standardized regression weights estimate. Regression Weights: (Social Capital - Default model) Estimate S.E. C.R. P Label _infrastructure_ <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation -.

11 View Spreadsheets Social Capital C.R Label par_x (ex. KIT_F par_), Standardized regression weights estimate. Regression Weights: (Social Capital - Default model) Estimate S.E. C.R. P Label _infrastructure_ <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation par_3 _process_ <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation par_4 Innovation <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation.000 Innovation <--- _process_ par_5 Innovation <--- _infrastructure_ par_6 Organizational_ <--- Innovation *** par_2 Organizational_ <--- _process_ par_7 Organizational_ <--- _infrastructure_ par_8 KIT_F <--- _infrastructure_ par_ KIC_F <--- _infrastructure_ par_2 KIS_F <--- _infrastructure_.000 EO_F3 <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation *** par_3 EO_F2 <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation *** par_4 EO_F <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation.000 KPC_F <--- _process_ *** par_5 KPAP_F <--- _process_.000 KPP_F <--- _process_ *** par_6 KPAC_F <--- _process_ *** par_7 IN <--- Innovation *** par_8 IN2 <--- Innovation SEM

12 Estimate S.E. C.R. P Label IN3 <--- Innovation *** par_9 IN4 <--- Innovation *** par_0 OE_F <--- Organizational_.000 OE_F2 <--- Organizational_ *** par_ Standardized Regression Weights: (Social Capital - Default model) Estimate _infrastructure_ <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation _process_ <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation.485 Innovation <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation.756 Innovation <--- _process_.280 Innovation <--- _infrastructure_.200 Organizational_ <--- Innovation.94 Organizational_ <--- _process_ -.03 Organizational_ <--- _infrastructure_ KIT_F <--- _infrastructure_.435 KIC_F <--- _infrastructure_.446 KIS_F <--- _infrastructure_.447 EO_F3 <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation.950 EO_F2 <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation.707 EO_F <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation.697 KPC_F <--- _process_.939 KPAP_F <--- _process_.842 KPP_F <--- _process_.880 KPAC_F <--- _process_.79 IN <--- Innovation.637 IN2 <--- Innovation.698 IN3 <--- Innovation.780 IN4 <--- Innovation.825 OE_F <--- Organizational_.868 OE_F2 <--- Organizational_.748 Social Capital 2 C.R. Label par_x (ex. KIT_F par_9), Standardized regression weights estimate. Regression Weights: (Social Capital 2 - Default model) Estimate S.E. C.R. P Label _infrastructure_ <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation *** par_3 _process_ <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation *** par_32 Innovation <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation.000 Innovation <--- _process_ par_33 Innovation <--- _infrastructure_ par_34 Organizational_ <--- Innovation *** par_30 Organizational_ <--- _process_ par_35 Organizational_ <--- _infrastructure_ par_36 KIT_F <--- _infrastructure_ *** par_9 KIC_F <--- _infrastructure_ *** par_20 KIS_F <--- _infrastructure_.000 EO_F3 <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation *** par_2 EO_F2 <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation *** par_ SEM

13 Estimate S.E. C.R. P Label EO_F <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation.000 KPC_F <--- _process_ *** par_23 KPAP_F <--- _process_.000 KPP_F <--- _process_ *** par_24 KPAC_F <--- _process_ *** par_25 IN <--- Innovation *** par_26 IN2 <--- Innovation.000 IN3 <--- Innovation *** par_27 IN4 <--- Innovation *** par_28 OE_F <--- Organizational_.000 OE_F2 <--- Organizational_ *** par_29 Standardized Regression Weights: (Social Capital 2 - Default model) Estimate _infrastructure_ <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation.756 _process_ <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation.763 Innovation <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation.857 Innovation <--- _process_ -.97 Innovation <--- _infrastructure_.275 Organizational_ <--- Innovation.979 Organizational_ <--- _process_.37 Organizational_ <--- _infrastructure_ -.0 KIT_F <--- _infrastructure_.608 KIC_F <--- _infrastructure_.780 KIS_F <--- _infrastructure_.838 EO_F3 <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation.690 EO_F2 <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation.523 EO_F <--- Entrepreneurial_orientation.887 KPC_F <--- _process_.842 KPAP_F <--- _process_.900 KPP_F <--- _process_.73 KPAC_F <--- _process_.735 IN <--- Innovation.734 IN2 <--- Innovation.885 IN3 <--- Innovation.688 IN4 <--- Innovation.70 OE_F <--- Organizational_.937 OE_F2 <--- Organizational_ SEM

332.280 94.000.73 Saturated model 272.000 0 Independence model 32 446.83 240.000 6.

14 Critical ratios for differences t-value (ex. KIT_F par_ vs. par_9) Copy Excel Model Fit Summary CMIN Model NPAR CMIN DF P CMIN/DF Default model Saturated model Independence model RMR, GFI Model RMR GFI AGFI PGFI Default model Saturated model Independence model SEM

15 Variables Entrepreneurial orientation infrastructure capability 2: The Results of Competing model for Different Levels of key success factors Model - Low Level Relations process capability Innovation Organizational SC (n=.) Standardized Coefficients C. R. Model 2 - High Level SC (n= ) Standardized C. R. Coefficients t-value Eo_f Eo_f Eo_f Kit_f Kic_f Kis_f Kpac_f Kpc_f Kpap_f Kpp_f In In In In Oe_f Oe_f Paths Entrepreneurial orientation infrastructure capability Entrepreneurial orientation process capability Entrepreneurial orientation Innovation infrastructure capability Innovation process capability Innovation infrastructure capability Organizational process capability Organizational Innovation Organizational Fit index Chi-Square ( p-value) (p=.000) Degree of freedom (d. f.) 94 Chi-Square/ d. f..73 GFI.75 AGFI.65 RMR.72 page SEM

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