Monitoring and Management of Mint Root Borer on Mint. Douglas B. Walsh, Ph.D. Professor of Entomology
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1 Monitoring and Management of Mint Root Borer on Mint Douglas B. Walsh, Ph.D. Professor of Entomology
2 Mint root borer, Fumibotys fumalis, is a key, direct, and devastating pest in peppermint production. Late summer and early fall feeding by larvae on rhizomes is cryptic and severe injury is manifested as dead fields the subsequent spring.
3 A pheromone monitoring program for F. fumalis has shown promise under Willamette Valley conditions (Simmons et al. 2011).
4 Research Objectives Conduct a comprehensive pheromone monitoring program in mint fields in the key growing districts near Toppenish, Paterson, and Othello, WA. We received a donation of mint root borer (MRB) pheromone lures from Trece for use in these studies. We also purchased Delta traps from Trece. When we established our initial study sites, the Delta traps proved problematic because the dusty conditions in mint fields in spring clogged the adhesive designed to trap the insects
5 1. Conduct a comprehensive pheromone monitoring program in mint fields in the key growing districts near Toppenish, Paterson, and Othello, WA. We established study sites near Paterson, Toppenish, and Othello. Four traps were placed in every field in early April and the traps will be monitored weekly through October, with mint root borers qualified and quantified. Beginning in August and continuing into October, soil and rhizome samples were collected and transported to the Environmental and Agricultural Entomology Laboratory located at WSU Prosser where the samples were processed and put in a Berlese funnel for 24 to 48 hours. We plan on repeating our pheromone studies in spring We will run regression analyses of the spring 2018 and spring 2019 pheromone counts against the larval abundance counts calculated from the soil and rhizome samples that were processed through the Berlese funnels. This will help us determine if the trap moth counts can be used to quantify larval abundance in the soil.
6 Average number of male MRB captured per wk at 3 mint fields near Othello. Area Site Collection date Average # moths /wk Area Site Collection date Average # moths /wk Othello 1 (East) 31-May-18 0 Othello 2 (Baby) 31-May-18 0 Othello 1 (East) 7-Jun-18 0 Othello 2 (Baby) 7-Jun-18 0 Othello 1 (East) 13-Jun-18 0 Othello 2 (Baby) 13-Jun-18 0 Othello 1 (East) 20-Jun-18 0 Othello 2 (Baby) 20-Jun-18 0 Othello 1 (East) 27-Jun-18 0 Othello 2 (Baby) 27-Jun-18 0 Othello 1 (East) 4-Jul-18 0 Othello 2 (Baby) 4-Jul-18 0 Othello 1 (East) 11-Jul-18 0 Othello 2 (Baby) 11-Jul-18 0 Othello 1 (East) 24-Jul-18 1 Othello 2 (Baby) 24-Jul Othello 1 (East) 2-Aug Othello 2 (Baby) 2-Aug Othello 1 (East) 8-Aug Othello 2 (Baby) 8-Aug-18 0 Othello 1 (East) 14-Aug-18 0 Othello 3 (North) 14-Aug Othello 1 (East) 22-Aug-18 0 Othello 3 (North) 22-Aug-18 0 Othello 1 (East) 29-Aug-18 0 Othello 3 (North) 29-Aug-18 0 Othello 3 (North) 4-Jul-18 0 Othello 3 (North) 11-Jul-18 0 Othello 3 (North) 24-Jul Othello 3 (North) 2-Aug Othello 3 (North) 8-Aug-18 6 Othello 3 (North) 14-Aug Othello 3 (North) 22-Aug Othello 3 (North) 29-Aug-18 0
7 Average number of male MRB captured per wk at 3 mint fields near Paterson. Collection date Site 30-May-18 Average # moths /wk 1 (Sandpiper Gate) 4-Jun (Sandpiper Gate) 12-Jun-18 0 Area Site Collection date Average # moths /wk Area 1 (Sandpiper Gate) 19-Jun-18 0 Paterson 3 (West, swam 30-May-18 0 Paterson 1 (Sandpiper Gate) 26-Jun-18 0 Paterson 3 (West, swam 4-Jun-18 0 Paterson 1 (Sandpiper Gate) 3-Jul-18 0 Paterson 3 (West, swam 12-Jun-18 0 Paterson 1 (Sandpiper Gate) 9-Jul-18 0 Paterson 3 (West, swam 19-Jun-18 0 Paterson 1 (Sandpiper Gate) 23-Jul-18 0 Paterson 3 (West, swam 26-Jun-18 0 Paterson 1 (Sandpiper Gate) 31-Jul Paterson 3 (West, swam 3-Jul Paterson 1 (Sandpiper Gate) 6-Aug Paterson 3 (West, swam 9-Jul Paterson 1 (Sandpiper Gate) 14-Aug-18 0 Paterson 3 (West, swam 23-Jul-18 0 Paterson 1 (Sandpiper Gate) 23-Aug-18 0 Paterson 3 (West, swam 31-Jul Paterson 1 (Sandpiper Gate) 28-Aug-18 0 Paterson 3 (West, swam 6-Aug Paterson 2 (East) 30-May Paterson 3 (West, swam 14-Aug Paterson 2 (East) 4-Jun-18 0 Paterson 3 (West, swam 23-Aug Paterson 2 (East) 12-Jun-18 0 Paterson 3 (West, swam 28-Aug-18 0 Paterson 2 (East) 19-Jun-18 0 Paterson 2 (East) 26-Jun-18 0 Paterson 2 (East) 3-Jul-18 0 Paterson 2 (East) 9-Jul-18 0 Paterson 2 (East) 23-Jul-18 0 Paterson 2 (East) 31-Jul Paterson 2 (East) 6-Aug Paterson 2 (East) 14-Aug Paterson 2 (East) 23-Aug-18 2 Paterson 2 (East) 28-Aug-18 0
8 Average number of male MRB captured per wk at 3 mint fields near Toppenish Area Site Collection date Average # moths /wk Area Site Collection date Average # moths /wk Toppenish 1 (Main Farm) 1-Jun-18 0 Toppenish 3 (Baby) 1-Jun-18 0 Toppenish 1 (Main Farm) 6-Jun-18 0 Toppenish 3 (Baby) 6-Jun-18 0 Toppenish 1 (Main Farm) 15-Jun-18 0 Toppenish 3 (Baby) 15-Jun-18 0 Toppenish 1 (Main Farm) 22-Jun-18 0 Toppenish 3 (Baby) 22-Jun-18 0 Toppenish 1 (Main Farm) 29-Jun-18 0 Toppenish 3 (Baby) 29-Jun-18 0 Toppenish 1 (Main Farm) 6-Jul-18 0 Toppenish 3 (Baby) 6-Jul Toppenish 1 (Main Farm) 12-Jul Toppenish 3 (Baby) 12-Jul Toppenish 1 (Main Farm) 26-Jul Toppenish 3 (Baby) 26-Jul Toppenish 1 (Main Farm) 3-Aug Toppenish 3 (Baby) 3-Aug Toppenish 1 (Main Farm) 10-Aug Toppenish 3 (Baby) 10-Aug Toppenish 1 (Main Farm) 17-Aug Toppenish 3 (Baby) 17-Aug Toppenish 2 (Larue Rd) 24-Aug Toppenish 3 (Baby) 24-Aug-18 0 Toppenish 2 (Larue Rd) 1-Jun-18 0 Toppenish 2 (Larue Rd) 6-Jun-18 0 Toppenish 2 (Larue Rd) 15-Jun-18 0 Toppenish 2 (Larue Rd) 22-Jun-18 0 Toppenish 2 (Larue Rd) 29-Jun Toppenish 2 (Larue Rd) 6-Jul Toppenish 2 (Larue Rd) 12-Jul Toppenish 2 (Larue Rd) 26-Jul Toppenish 2 (Larue Rd) 3-Aug Toppenish 2 (Larue Rd) 10-Aug-18 0 Toppenish 2 (Larue Rd) 17-Aug Toppenish 2 (Larue Rd) 24-Aug-18 0
9 Mint root borer larvae and tipulid larvae captured in soil samples in Berlese funnel samples.
10 Mint root borer Control. Traditional control has been achieved with a ground application of chlorpyrifos (Lorsban Advanced) in early fall followed by an irrigation event between ½ and ¼ of an inch to get the insecticide into contact with caterpillars feeding on the rhizomes. Chlorantraniprole (Coragen) is also registered for control of mint root borer, but control is sporadic.
11 Mint Root Borer Control with chlorantraniprole in 2009 Insecticides were applied to double-cut peppermint on the Roza in early October Coragen (chlorantraniprole) was applied at 5 oz ai/ acre Lorsban 4E (chlorpyrifos) at was applied at 2 qts per acre. ¼ inch irrigation was applied post treatment. Soil sample from these plots were collected in early March and placed them in a Berlese funnel for one week.
12 Mint root borer per 500 g soil/ rhizome Coragen 16 oz Lorsban 4E 2qts Untreated Both Coragen and Lorsban provided significant (p<0.01) control of mint root borer compared to samples collected from the nontreated control plots. Coragen is much more environmentally benign then Lorsban.
13 We were also able to expand the label and develop a use pattern for chlorantraniprole for mint root borer control applied via chemigation.
14 We applied chlorantraniprole (Altacor,) through a center pivot on a peppermint field in Paterson, WA on 27 October. We compared this to chemigation with ethoprop (Mocap ) and a non treated control.
15 Mint Root Borer Pupa per core sample on 2/25/ Interaction Bar Plot for Root borer Effect: Treatm ent Error Bars: ± 1 Standard Error(s) Chlorantraniprole Control Ethoprop 6 cores down to approximately 4 in depth of soil sq inches of surface then dried in a Berlese funnel
16 Mint root borer, Fumibotys fumalis, Control. Cyantraniprole under the formulation Verimark is a reduced-risk insecticide marketed by FMC that has demonstrated good efficacy against other subterranean pests. We propose to test cyantraniprole for efficacy on mint root borer populations infesting Washington State mint fields.
17 IR-4 Residue Project for Cyantraniliprole Mint and Basil are now representative crops for EPA Crop Group 25-- spices If residue trials are run on mint and basil then other spices can get a tolerance. IR-4 HQ had my IR-4 Field Residue Program run residue trials in 2018 on mint for a request to control citrus psyllid on Indian curry leaves. The application was as a foliar spray. I requested to get the soil application use pattern added. Basically all I have to do is prove cyantraniliprole is effective against mint root borer and we could have a label in as short as 30 months.
18 We established 2 insecticide efficacy trials in peppermint fields near Patterson, WA
19 We ve conducted an insecticide efficacy trial with candidate and registered insecticides for mint root borer control in fall Treatment Ingredient Rate (product)/acre a.i./acre Lorsban Advanced chlorpyrifos 4 pints lb Coragen chlorantraniprole 5 fl oz lb Verimark cynatraniprole 13.5 fl oz lb Untreated Each replicate plot is 6 by 18 We are now evaluating efficacy via Berlese funnel We ve sampled twice and captured no MRB larva.
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